CN103262959B - Puffing settleable mixed feed for adult fish of fugu obscurus - Google Patents
Puffing settleable mixed feed for adult fish of fugu obscurus Download PDFInfo
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- CN103262959B CN103262959B CN201310220953.4A CN201310220953A CN103262959B CN 103262959 B CN103262959 B CN 103262959B CN 201310220953 A CN201310220953 A CN 201310220953A CN 103262959 B CN103262959 B CN 103262959B
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Abstract
The invention relates to puffing settleable mixed feed for adult fish of fugu obscurus. The feed comprises the following components: fish meal, bean pulp, cotton meal, fermented bean pulp, flour, beer yeast, fermented rapeseed meal, kelp powder, calcium dihydrogenphosphate, puffing dried blood, inkfish paste, soya bean lecithin, mineral substance mixture, vitamin mixture, choline chloride, lysine and a liver and gallbladder protection agent. The puffing settleable mixed feed for adult fish of fugu obscurus provided by the invention is suitable for normal growth demand of fugu obscurus in the adult fish stage, and the feeding operation management is simplified, the cultivation cost is lowered, and the growth and quality of adult fish are improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to fish feed field, relate in particular to fugu obscurus field of fodder.
Background technology
Fugu obscurus (Takifugu obscurus) is subordinate to Tetraodontiformes Molidae Fugu and belongs to, and is commonly called as filefish, is to have one of a few species of sea water and fresh water breeding migration habit during Fugu belongs to.Fugu obscurus meat flavour deliciousness, protein and fat content are abundant, the expensive fish of generic name, the market price is high, and supply falls short of demand in sale, liked by consumers in general.Due to the fine adaptability of this kind of fish to fresh water and higher economic worth, be developed as the new varieties of freshwater aquiculture by China, progressively form large-scale artificial breeding and the intensive culture technical system of comparatively perfect.But, due to the pure nutritional need research in dark line east and the serious hysteresis of special compound feed exploitation, in actual breeding production, conventionally throw something and feed with the powder of eel, soft-shelled turtle, although can maintain to a certain extent the normal operation of river Puffer cultivation, but different fish are differentiated to the demand of nutriment, unfavorable nutrition may produce adverse consequences or promote aquaculture cost the aspect such as health, the speed of growth of fish body.At present, the sustainable development that powder feed conversion rate is low, large to water pollution, deficiency that product are blamed the aspects such as control, cost is high, operation is wasted time and energy has seriously restricted river Puffer aquaculture industry.Therefore, develop river Puffer efficient compound feed become this industry sustainable and healthy development in the urgent need to.
In addition, river Puffer there are differences the demand of nutrition at different growth phases, therefore should take different formulations feed to throw something and feed for different growth phases, to ensure the growth of health fast of river Puffer.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is intended to research and develop the expanded heavy property mixed feed that is applicable to the fugu obscurus adult fish stage, to simplify the operational administrative that feeds intake, reduce aquaculture cost, to improve postlarva growth and quality.
Technical scheme of the present invention is achieved in that
The heavy property mixed feed of a kind of fugu obscurus adult fish puffing, is characterized in that: the component of this expanded heavy property mixed feed comprises: fish meal, dregs of beans, cotton dregs, fermented bean dregs, flour, brewer's yeast, the fermentation dish dregs of rice, Kelp Powder, calcium dihydrogen phosphate, fish oil, expanding blood meal, cuttlefish cream, soybean lecithin, mineral mixture, vitamin mixtures, Choline Chloride, lysine and protect the liver and protect courage agent.
Preferably, the heavy property mixed feed of described fugu obscurus adult fish puffing specifically comprises following each component:
Fish meal 35-43%;
Dregs of beans 7-10%;
Cotton dregs 7-10%;
Fermented bean dregs 8-10%;
Flour 10.7-13.6%;
Brewer's yeast 2.5-3%;
Fermentation dish dregs of rice 8-10%;
Kelp Powder 1-2%;
Calcium dihydrogen phosphate 1-2%;
Fish oil 1.7-2.5%;
Expanding blood meal 0.5-1.5%;
Cuttlefish cream 1.5-2%;
Soybean lecithin 1.2%;
Mineral mixture 1%;
Vitamin mixtures 0.3%;
Choline Chloride 0.2-0.3%;
Lysine 0.2-0.4%;
Protect the liver and protect courage agent 0.15%;
Described percentage is mass percent.
Preferably, the heavy property mixed feed of described fugu obscurus adult fish puffing specifically comprises following each component:
Fish meal 39%;
Dregs of beans 10%;
Cotton dregs 7%;
Fermented bean dregs 9%;
Flour 13.2%;
Brewer's yeast 2.5%;
The fermentation dish dregs of rice 8%;
Kelp Powder 1.5%;
Calcium dihydrogen phosphate 1.5%;
Fish oil 2.1%;
Expanding blood meal 1.0%;
Cuttlefish cream 2.0%;
Soybean lecithin 1.2%;
Mineral mixture 1%;
Vitamin mixtures 0.3%;
Choline Chloride 0.25%;
Lysine 0.3%;
Protect the liver and protect courage agent 0.15%;
Described percentage is mass percent.
The heavy property mixed feed of the fugu obscurus adult fish puffing fugu obscurus (body is grown up in 20cm, and body weight is greater than 400g) in adult fish stage that is applicable to throwing something and feeding in the present invention, mixed feed adopts Tomi Ungerer bulking machine to produce.
The expanded heavy property mixed feed in the applicable fugu obscurus adult fish stage of the present invention's research and development, can simplify the operational administrative that feeds intake, reduces aquaculture cost, improve growth and the quality of adult fish.
Detailed description of the invention:
Below the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention is clearly and completely described, obviously, described embodiment is only the present invention's part embodiment, instead of whole embodiment.Based on the embodiment in the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art, not making the every other embodiment obtaining under creative work prerequisite, belong to the scope of protection of the invention.
Mash feed is a kind of mixed feed evenly mixing in proportion after various raw materials are pulverized, and need add water and be modulated into food group when nursing, is positioned over feed table or is divided into little group and feed, edible for fish.This feed nutrition loss is serious, water pollution is large, bait digestive utilization ratio is low, be difficult to reach efficient compound feed effect, and the later stage easily cause liver and gall syndrome to occur, cause river Puffer death, the phenomenon such as resistance to transport does not occur, and directly affects the economic benefit of river Puffer cultivation.
Expanded pellet diet be by feed in the environment of TRANSIENT HIGH TEMPERATURE high pressure and high shear force, high-moisture, by continuously mixed, modified, pressure build up, slaking, extrude nib and a series of production processes of step-down suddenly, and form buoyancy, slow heavy property, the property mixed feed that sinks by density control.Puffing process technique can make starch burn degree improve, and the cell membrane part of fibre structure is destroyed and softening, discharges that part is besieged, the digestible substance of combination; Fat is penetrated into surface from granule interior simultaneously, makes feed have special fragrance, has improved palatability, thereby grazing rate improves.In addition, protein in vegetable protein feed, can some protease inhibitors of passivation through moderate-heat processing, as antitrypsin, urase etc., and hydrogen bond and other secondary keys in protein are destroyed, cause that the original space conformation of polypeptide chain changes, cause protein denaturation, protein molecule after sex change becomes fibrous, and Unfolding is loose, and molecular surface area increases, flow blockage, increase and the contacting of animal body endoenzyme, thereby be conducive to digesting and assimilating of aquatic livestock, can improve nutritional labeling digestive utilization ratio 10%～35%.
Expanded pellet diet also can reduce the pollution to environment.The feed granules processing with extrusion, make product have certain cohering or adhesion by the starch gelatinization of feed inside and proteinaceous tissue, more than its stability generally reaches 12h, the longest 36h that reaches, therefore can reduce dissolving and the precipitation loss of feed nutrient in water, and can avoid feed residual in water, reduce water pollution.
Normal containing harmful microorganism in feedstuff, as aerobic property biology, neutrophilia bacterium, Escherichia coli, mould, salmonella etc., the content in animal fodder raw material is relatively many.And high temperature, high humidity, High Pressure in puffing process can kill most harmful microorganisms or deactivation, contribute to reduce that aquaculture creature disease occurs and to maintain cultivation water environment stable, thereby improve aquatic livestock survival rate and cultivation success rate.
In addition, expanded pellet diet can improve feed digestive utilization ratio and reduce feed coefficient, reduces residual bait and excreta content in water body, increases substantially survival rate and cultivation density; Feed, through extrusion processing, has reduced poisonous and harmful substance, bacterial content and oxidation, has improved security and the bin stability of feed, improves the security of food and environment.
Expanded feeds of aquaculture, throws while raising and does not need ad hoc throwing to raise platform, only needs fixed point to throw and raises.Fish ingests and conveniently observes the food situation of fish, adjusts and throws the amount of raising in time, and can understand in time growth and the health status of fish.Therefore, adopt expanded feeds of aquaculture to contribute to the feeding and management of the science of carrying out, both can save the plenty of time, can raise labour productivity again.
For the advantage of expanded pellet diet, and according to the eating habit of fugu obscurus, the present invention proposes the heavy property mixed feed of a kind of fugu obscurus adult fish puffing, and the component of this expanded heavy property mixed feed comprises: fish meal, dregs of beans, cotton dregs, fermented bean dregs, flour, brewer's yeast, the fermentation dish dregs of rice, Kelp Powder, calcium dihydrogen phosphate, fish oil, expanding blood meal, cuttlefish cream, soybean lecithin, mineral mixture, vitamin mixtures, Choline Chloride, lysine and protect the liver and protect courage agent.
The heavy property mixed feed of the fugu obscurus adult fish puffing fugu obscurus (body is grown up in 20cm, and body weight is greater than 400g) in adult fish stage that is applicable to throwing something and feeding in the present invention, mixed feed adopts Wen Geer bulking machine to produce.Its component and content comprise:
Fish meal 35-43%;
Dregs of beans 7-10%;
Cotton dregs 7-10%;
Fermented bean dregs 8-10%;
Flour 10.7-13.6%;
Brewer's yeast 2.5-3%;
Fermentation dish dregs of rice 8-10%;
Kelp Powder 1-2%;
Calcium dihydrogen phosphate 1-2%;
Fish oil 1.7-2.5%;
Expanding blood meal 0.5-1.5%;
Cuttlefish cream 1.5-2%;
Soybean lecithin 1.2%;
Mineral mixture 1%;
Vitamin mixtures 0.3%;
Choline Chloride 0.2-0.3%;
Lysine 0.2-0.4%;
Protect the liver and protect courage agent 0.15%;
Described percentage is mass percent, and the mass percent sum of above-mentioned each material is 100%.
The present invention is compared with traditional mash feed, and advantage is: production cost is low, and digestive utilization ratio is high, and aquaculture cost is low, breeding water body is polluted few, and user is easy to use.
Fish meal be with one or more fish be raw material, through deoil, dewater, pulverize processing after high-protein feed.Protein, fat, carbohydrate are three large energy substances.But fish are low to the digestibility of carbohydrate, and high to protein and fatty digestibility, so the main energy sources of fish should be protein and fat.Fish are very high to the requirement of protein, preferably adopt imported fish meal in the present invention.
And dregs of beans is a kind of high protein material, it is the primary raw material of making the feeds such as livestock, poultry.Its source is a kind of byproduct that soybean obtains after extracting bean oil, according to the method difference of extracting, can be divided into and soak dregs of beans and two and soak two kinds of dregs of beans.Wherein soak dregs of beans taking the byproduct after extraction extracting bean oil as one, and first get oil with squeezing, then the byproduct of gained is called two and soaks dregs of beans after oil is got in lixiviate.These two kinds of dregs of beans all can be used as raw material and use, and have both solved the residue problem after extracting bean oil, have solved again the raw material source of fish meal, have saved processing cost.
Flour and dregs of beans all can be fish rich in protein are provided, and flour preferably adopts Strong flour, the protein content average out to 13.5% of Strong flour, and protein content can be described as and cooks Strong flour more than 11.5% conventionally.
In brewer's yeast, except containing digestive saccharomycete, also contain in addition the required various trace elements of 18 seed amino acids, multivitamin, high protein and globe fish, electrolytical high-effect nutritional labeling, also contribute to the growth of globe fish.
Though cellulose can not be digested and assimilated by fish, it nutritionally plays an important role, such as the secretion of the wriggling stimulating digestion and digestive ferment; And the nutriment of dilution feed middle and high concentration, to help protein, fat and sugared digestion and absorption.Therefore cellulose is indispensable in fish feed, and has contained a large amount of celluloses in natural feed in the present invention, so needn't separately add cellulose.
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail:
Embodiment 1
The expanded heavy property material of fugu obscurus, add by mass percentage respectively raw material: fish meal 35, dregs of beans 8, cotton dregs 10, the fermentation dish dregs of rice 10, flour 10.7, Kelp Powder 2, calcium dihydrogen phosphate 2, brewer's yeast 3, fermented bean dregs 10, fish oil 2.5, expanding blood meal 1.5, cuttlefish cream 2, soybean lecithin oil 1.2, vitamin mixtures 0.3, mineral mixture 1, protect the liver and protect courage agent 0.15, Choline Chloride 0.25, lysine 0.4, above raw material is mixed and produced with Tomi Ungerer bulked thread.
Embodiment 2
The expanded heavy property material of fugu obscurus, add by mass percentage respectively raw material: fish meal 39, dregs of beans 10, cotton dregs 7, the fermentation dish dregs of rice 8, flour 13.2, Kelp Powder 1.5, calcium dihydrogen phosphate 1.5, brewer's yeast 2.5, fermented bean dregs 9, fish oil 2.1, expanding blood meal 1, cuttlefish cream 2, soybean lecithin oil 1.2, vitamin mixtures 0.3, mineral mixture 1, protect the liver and protect courage agent 0.15, Choline Chloride 0.25, lysine 0.3, above raw material is mixed and produced with Tomi Ungerer bulked thread.
Embodiment 3
The expanded heavy property material of fugu obscurus, add raw material by mass fraction respectively: fish meal 43, dregs of beans 7, cotton dregs 8, the fermentation dish dregs of rice 8, flour 13.6, Kelp Powder 1, calcium dihydrogen phosphate 1, brewer's yeast 2.5, fermented bean dregs 8, fish oil 1.7, expanding blood meal 0.5, cuttlefish cream 2, soybean lecithin oil 1.2, vitamin mixtures 0.3, mineral mixture 1, protect the liver and protect courage agent 0.15, Choline Chloride 0.3, lysine 0.2, above raw material is mixed and produced with Tomi Ungerer bulked thread.
Test example
Breed variety: 1500 of the fugu obscurus adult fishes of 200 grams of left and right, Random assignment is three groups, every group of 5 repetitions, totally 15 net cages, 100 of each cage culture fugu obscurus, test each group of initial specification consistent;
Cultivating condition: the net cage in environmental factor, chemical factor and the essentially identical same waters of biological factor;
Aquaculture management: other condition is basic identical, institute's difference is just processed the expanded heavy property material of fugu obscurus of the embodiment 1 that one (net cage 4,7,10,11,15) throw something and feed every day; Process the expanded heavy property material of fugu obscurus of two (net cage 2,5,9,12, the 13) embodiment 2 that throws something and feeds every day; Process the expanded heavy property material of fugu obscurus of three (net cage 1,3,6,8, the 14) embodiment 3 that throws something and feeds every day;
Result comparison: cultivate after March, the fugu obscurus number of checking each net cage, is calculated to be motility rate; The all fishes of each net cage are weighed simultaneously, calculate rate of body weight gain; Statistics feed consumption, calculates feed coefficient.Experimental result is as shown in table 1.As can be seen from Table 1, each survival rate of processing does not have significant difference, processes two rates of body weight gain and processes high 8.0-16.5% than other, processes two feed coefficients and processes low 6.76-15.54% than other.Illustrate that the present invention processes two expanded heavy property material with the obvious advantage aspect the raising fugu obscurus adult fish speed of growth and reduction feed coefficient (feed cost).Following table is the expanded heavy property material statistical effect table of fugu obscurus:
As can be seen from the table, the heavy property mixed feed of fugu obscurus adult fish puffing of the present invention is all having good technique effect aspect survival rate, rate of body weight gain.
The foregoing is only preferred embodiment of the present invention, in order to limit the present invention, within the spirit and principles in the present invention not all, any amendment of doing, be equal to replacement, improvement etc., within all should being included in protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (1)
1. the heavy property mixed feed of fugu obscurus adult fish puffing, it is characterized in that: the component of this expanded heavy property mixed feed comprises: fish meal, dregs of beans, cotton dregs, fermented bean dregs, flour, brewer's yeast, the fermentation dish dregs of rice, Kelp Powder, calcium dihydrogen phosphate, fish oil, expanding blood meal, cuttlefish cream, soybean lecithin, mineral mixture, vitamin mixtures, Choline Chloride, lysine and protect the liver and protect courage agent, wherein the quality percentage composition of each component is as follows:
Fish meal 39%;
Dregs of beans 10%;
Cotton dregs 7%;
Fermented bean dregs 9%;
Flour 13.2%;
Brewer's yeast 2.5%;
The fermentation dish dregs of rice 8%;
Kelp Powder 1.5%;
Calcium dihydrogen phosphate 1.5%;
Fish oil 2.1%;
Expanding blood meal 1.0%;
Cuttlefish cream 2.0%;
Soybean lecithin 1.2%;
Mineral mixture 1%;
Vitamin mixtures 0.3%;
Choline Chloride 0.25%;
Lysine 0.3%;
Protect the liver and protect courage agent 0.15%.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201310220953.4A CN103262959B (en) | 2013-06-06 | 2013-06-06 | Puffing settleable mixed feed for adult fish of fugu obscurus |
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| CN201310220953.4A CN103262959B (en) | 2013-06-06 | 2013-06-06 | Puffing settleable mixed feed for adult fish of fugu obscurus |
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| CN103262959B true CN103262959B (en) | 2014-08-13 |
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Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN103976189B (en) * | 2014-05-26 | 2016-02-10 | 华南师范大学 | High-fat fugu obscurus mixed feed of low albumen and its production and use |
| CN105901288A (en) * | 2016-04-19 | 2016-08-31 | 盐城工学院 | Animal-source nutritional growth accelerator for aquatic products |
| CN106260755A (en) * | 2016-08-11 | 2017-01-04 | 天津市晨辉饲料有限公司 | River young stage expanding compound feed and preparation method thereof |
| CN109043229B (en) * | 2018-08-06 | 2022-01-21 | 中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所 | Compound feed for improving flesh quality of takifugu rubripes |
| CN109329650A (en) * | 2018-10-12 | 2019-02-15 | 铜陵向日葵生态农业有限公司 | A kind of filefish feed adsorbent and preparation method thereof improving enteron aisle |
Citations (5)
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| CN1618318A (en) * | 2004-12-09 | 2005-05-25 | 中国海洋大学 | Composite fish bait for red-fin Eastern-Globefish |
| JP2009232709A (en) * | 2008-03-26 | 2009-10-15 | Central Res Inst Of Electric Power Ind | Mixed feed for balloonfish |
| CN101642197A (en) * | 2009-07-28 | 2010-02-10 | 上海海洋大学 | Feeds for feeding Takifugu obscurus and preparation method thereof |
| CN102265993A (en) * | 2011-09-08 | 2011-12-07 | 福建天马饲料有限公司 | Powdery compound feed for blowfishes |
| CN103039750A (en) * | 2013-01-09 | 2013-04-17 | 华南师范大学 | Floating expanded feed for puffer fish |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH1023865A (en) * | 1996-07-09 | 1998-01-27 | Nisshin Flour Milling Co Ltd | Raising of balloonfishes |
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Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1618318A (en) * | 2004-12-09 | 2005-05-25 | 中国海洋大学 | Composite fish bait for red-fin Eastern-Globefish |
| JP2009232709A (en) * | 2008-03-26 | 2009-10-15 | Central Res Inst Of Electric Power Ind | Mixed feed for balloonfish |
| CN101642197A (en) * | 2009-07-28 | 2010-02-10 | 上海海洋大学 | Feeds for feeding Takifugu obscurus and preparation method thereof |
| CN102265993A (en) * | 2011-09-08 | 2011-12-07 | 福建天马饲料有限公司 | Powdery compound feed for blowfishes |
| CN103039750A (en) * | 2013-01-09 | 2013-04-17 | 华南师范大学 | Floating expanded feed for puffer fish |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
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| JP特开2009232709A 2009.10.15 |
| JP特开平10-23865A 1998.01.27 |
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