CN115886160B - Nanya fruit fly larva feed - Google Patents
Nanya fruit fly larva feed Download PDFInfo
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- CN115886160B CN115886160B CN202211519114.8A CN202211519114A CN115886160B CN 115886160 B CN115886160 B CN 115886160B CN 202211519114 A CN202211519114 A CN 202211519114A CN 115886160 B CN115886160 B CN 115886160B
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- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 19
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- FJJCIZWZNKZHII-UHFFFAOYSA-N [4,6-bis(cyanoamino)-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl]cyanamide Chemical compound N#CNC1=NC(NC#N)=NC(NC#N)=N1 FJJCIZWZNKZHII-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000384 rearing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
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- 244000241257 Cucumis melo Species 0.000 claims 1
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- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
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- CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N Sucrose Chemical compound O[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@@]1(CO)O[C@@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N 0.000 abstract description 2
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- CXRFDZFCGOPDTD-UHFFFAOYSA-M Cetrimide Chemical compound [Br-].CCCCCCCCCCCCCC[N+](C)(C)C CXRFDZFCGOPDTD-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
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- 235000007688 Lycopersicon esculentum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
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- ABUGVBRDFWGJRD-CHOYNLESSA-N [9-[(2r,3r,4s,5r)-3,4-dihydroxy-5-methyloxolan-2-yl]-2-(2,4-dinitrophenyl)sulfanylpurin-6-yl] [hydroxy(phosphonooxy)phosphoryl] hydrogen phosphate Chemical compound O[C@@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](C)O[C@H]1N1C2=NC(SC=3C(=CC(=CC=3)[N+]([O-])=O)[N+]([O-])=O)=NC(OP(O)(=O)OP(O)(=O)OP(O)(O)=O)=C2N=C1 ABUGVBRDFWGJRD-CHOYNLESSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009341 apiculture Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 230000032669 eclosion Effects 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/80—Food processing, e.g. use of renewable energies or variable speed drives in handling, conveying or stacking
- Y02P60/87—Re-use of by-products of food processing for fodder production
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- Fodder In General (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a feed for Nanya fruit fly larvae. The feed for the Nanya fruit fly larvae comprises, by mass, 150 parts of bananas, 150 parts of corn meal, 30 parts of yeast powder, 30 parts of sucrose, 30 parts of toilet paper, 1.2 parts of concentrated hydrochloric acid, 0.6 part of sodium benzoate, 36 parts of pumpkin and 200 parts of water. The feed has the following advantages: (1) Low cost, simple manufacture and convenient long-term storage and use; (2) The feed is used for feeding Nanya fruit flies, so that the survival rate of larvae is greatly improved; (3) time-saving and labor-saving, and can be fed in a large scale; (4) Can reduce or avoid the interference of factors such as microorganism infection, pesticide and the like; (5) easily obtaining the test insects with physiological standard. Therefore, the feed can be used as indoor artificial feed for large-scale feeding of Nanya fruit flies.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of insect feeds, and particularly relates to a Nanya fruit fly larva feed.
Background
Insects of the genus Bactrocera are ubiquitous worldwide, some of which cause significant damage to vegetables and fruits and therefore have significant economic implications. Nanya fruit fly (Bactrocera tau), a typical species of the family Bactrian, is one of the major pests of cucurbitaceae, tomato and other fleshy fruits. In recent years, fruit flies in south Asia are continuously and rampant at home and abroad to cause great loss, and the outdoor field test is urgently required, and meanwhile, a large amount of related researches can be carried out indoors to guide the continuous deep research and the development of control technologies in the fields of field control, ecology, toxicity, molecular biology and the like. This makes it necessary to raise a large number of healthy, consistently developing Nanya fruit flies indoors for testing.
The natural host pumpkin is used for feeding the Nanya fruit fly in a laboratory, so that the development progress of individuals is greatly different, meanwhile, the pumpkin is eaten by larvae, and unpleasant smell is generated along with water, so that the larvae are flooded, and the death rate of the larvae is high. Therefore, the pumpkin feeding needs a lot of manpower, and the pumpkin has high price, is not easy to store for a long time and needs to be purchased frequently. This makes it necessary to develop an artificial feed for fruit fly in south Asia which can solve the above-mentioned problems.
However, until now, no complete report of artificial feed for fruit fly in south Asia has been made, and only Liu Yuzhang and Lin Mingying (2001) have been reported in the paper that fruit fly in south Asia can be fed with artificial feed for fruit fly in melon, but no related experiment has been verified.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims at providing a feed for Nanya fruit fly larvae, aiming at the defects of the prior art.
The feed for the Nanya fruit fly larvae comprises, by mass, 150 parts of bananas, 150 parts of corn meal, 30 parts of yeast powder, 30 parts of white granulated sugar, 30 parts of toilet paper, 1.2 parts of concentrated hydrochloric acid, 0.6 part of sodium benzoate, 200 parts of water and 36 parts of pumpkin.
Preferably, the banana is banana pulp part, and the pumpkin is pumpkin melon pulp part.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the Nanya fruit fly larva feed, which comprises the following steps: according to the mass parts, the components are taken and mixed, and the feed for the Nanya fruit fly larvae is prepared after fully stirring and uniformly mixing.
The invention also provides application of the Nanya fruit fly larva feed in feeding Nanya fruit flies.
The invention also provides a method for raising Nanya fruit fly, which comprises the following steps of raising Nanya fruit fly larva with the Nanya fruit fly larva feed in Nanya fruit fly larva stage; in the adult stage of the Nanya fruit flies, the Nanya fruit flies are fed with adult feed, and the adult feed is prepared by mixing yeast powder and white granulated sugar according to the mass ratio of 1:1.
The artificial feed for Nanya fruit fly larvae has the following advantages: (1) Low cost, simple manufacture and convenient long-term storage and use; (2) The feed is used for feeding Nanya fruit flies, so that the survival rate of larvae is greatly improved; (3) time-saving and labor-saving, and can be fed in a large scale; (4) Can reduce or avoid the interference of factors such as microorganism infection, pesticide and the like; (5) easily obtaining the test insects with physiological standard. Therefore, the feed can be used as indoor artificial feed for large-scale feeding of Nanya fruit flies.
Drawings
FIG. 1 shows the average pupae weight results of Nanya fruit flies under different feed conditions.
FIG. 2 shows the results of survival rate, fertility, longevity, egg hatchability and female fertility of Nanya fruit flies under different feed conditions.
FIG. 3 shows the ontogenesis and larval length results of Nanya fruit fly under different feed conditions; fig. A shows the development situation of the individuals of the larvae of the fruit flies in south Asia, and fig. B shows the development situation of the individuals of the larvae of the fruit flies in south Asia, which are fed with feed D; panel C is a graph showing significant differences at the 0.0001 level corresponding to statistical results of larval length of fruit fly in south asia under two different feed conditions.
FIG. 4 is a photograph of a pure pumpkin bred microorganism, and the black arrow indicates the microorganism contaminated portion.
FIG. 5 shows the death of larvae in a pure pumpkin; FIG. A is a photograph of larval death caused by pure pumpkin feeding, wherein water generated by pure host pumpkin feeding is shown at the arrow point, and drowned larva is shown at the black circle point; panel B is a statistical result of survival rate of the larvae of fruit fly in south asian raised by pure pumpkin (pure host) and feed D, showing significant differences at the level of 0.05.
Detailed Description
The following examples are further illustrative of the invention and are not intended to be limiting thereof.
Example 1
The larval feed formulation involved in the following experiments is as follows; the preparation method comprises mixing the above materials according to the amount of the formula, and stirring to obtain the corresponding feed.
1. Feed formula
Feed a (artificial feed formulation earlier futured in this laboratory): 150g of banana, 150g of corn meal, 30g of yeast powder, 30g of white granulated sugar, 30g of toilet paper, 1.2mL of concentrated hydrochloric acid, 0.6g of sodium benzoate and 200mL of water.
Artificial feed formulation for melon fly larvae reported by feed B (Liu Yuzhang and Lin Mingying (2001) that can be used to feed fruit flies in south asia): 1680g of coarse wheat bran, 360g of soybean residue, 480g of yeast powder, 720g of granulated sugar, 270g of toilet paper, 50mL of concentrated hydrochloric acid, 8g of sodium benzoate, 9000mL of water and pH=4.6.
Feed C (Nakamori et al (1975) reported artificial feed formulation for melon fly larvae): 150g of wheat bran, 30g of soybean cake, 30g of yeast powder, 55.8g of granulated sugar, 20g of toilet paper, 44.4mL of 3.5% hydrochloric acid, 0.5g of sodium benzoate, 778mL of water and 30g of pumpkin.
Feed D (artificial feed formulation for fruit fly larvae in south asia of the invention): 150g of banana, 150g of corn meal, 30g of yeast powder, 30g of white granulated sugar, 30g of toilet paper, 1.2mL of concentrated hydrochloric acid, 0.6g of sodium benzoate, 200mL of water and 36g of pumpkin. Namely, a certain amount of pumpkin is added on the basis of the feed A.
Pure pumpkin (natural host) was raised as a Control.
Sources of materials involved in the above formulation: the bananas and pumpkins are conventional commercial varieties, wherein the bananas used in the feed refer to banana pulp parts, and the pumpkins used in the feed refer to pumpkin melon pulp parts; corn flour (Surabaja jintafeng flour limited); yeast powder (guangzhou city from chemical district astronomical bee keeping professional company); white granulated sugar (Guangxi sugar industry group city-preventive refined sugar Co., ltd.); toilet paper (veda paper towel); concentrated hydrochloric acid (CAS: 7647-01-0, shanghai ear test Co.); sodium benzoate (CAS: 532-32-1, a metallocene chemical reagent plant in Tianjin); water (tap water).
2. Experimental method
Putting the spawning cup into an adult which is originally fed with pure pumpkin for spawning, taking out after 8 hours, flushing eggs on the wall of the cup to the bottom of the cup by using a watering can, filtering by using a 60-mesh gauze, carefully picking the eggs into a plastic box containing larva feed (the feed A, B, C, D or the pure pumpkin) by using a small-size brush dipped with water, hatching, bouncing and pupating the eggs, randomly selecting 60 pupas 3 days after pupating, and weighing by using an electronic balance. After eclosion to adults, 30 female worms and 30 male worms are randomly selected and matched in a cage, and are fed with water cups and adult feeds (prepared by mixing yeast powder and white granulated sugar according to the mass ratio of 1:1) until eggs are picked up in an egg-laying cup every 3 days for 1 time, and are taken out after 8 hours, the egg laying number is checked, and the service life is recorded until the eggs die. And 8 times during spawning, carefully picking 200 eggs into a wet culture dish with filter paper on the lower layer and black paper on the upper layer by using a small-sized brush pen dipped with water, and checking hatching conditions under a dissecting mirror 2 days after covering. The test was repeated 3 times.
3. Results
In the four larval artificial feeds (feed A, B, C, D), eggs inoculated into feed B are not hatched, and the specific reason is unknown, so that feed B is removed.
FIG. 1 shows the average pupae weight results of Nanya fruit flies under different feed conditions. As can be seen from fig. 1, the pupae fed by feed D were closest to the natural host feeding effect, indicating that feed D formulation was significantly better than feeds a and C.
FIG. 2 shows the results of survival rate, fertility, longevity, egg hatchability and female fertility of Nanya fruit flies under different feed conditions. From the survival results of fig. 2A, it can be seen that the larvae reared with feed D in artificial feed had the highest survival rate, closest to the natural host rearing level. From the fertility results of FIG. 2B, the fertility was highest in the early stages and the fertility was highest in the later stages, fed with the natural host feed. From the longevity results of fig. 2C, males did not differ among the four groups for the longevity index; but for females, feed D was significantly higher than feed a and feed C, and feed D was not different from the natural host pumpkin, indicating that feed D achieved the same effect in terms of longevity as the natural host feed. The results of egg hatchability and female fertility (number of eggs laid per female) of fig. 2D indicate that feed D is significantly higher than feed a and feed C and is closest to the natural host pumpkin.
Table 1 shows population parameters of Nanya fruit flies under different feed conditions (calculated according to the methods of Birch (1948) and Wu Kunjun et al (1980)), and from Table 1 it is clear that R 0 (net reproductive rate of population) of feed C is the lowest, R 0 (net reproductive rate of population) of feed D is closest to that of pure pumpkin (control), T (average calendar period of generation) of feed D is the highest in each group, indicating that Nanya fruit flies live the longest under feed D.
TABLE 1 population parameters of Nanya fruit flies under different feed conditions
Note that: r0 represents the net reproductive rate of the population; r m represents an intrinsic growth rate; λ represents the rate of increase in the circumference; t represents a generation average calendar period; the same letters after the data indicate that the DMRT method does not differ significantly at the p=0.05 level.
In addition, pure pumpkin feeding has some obvious defects, and feed D can improve the problems remarkably.
The larvae of Nanya fruit flies hatched for 4-5 days are randomly picked to measure the body length, and FIG. 3 shows the individual development condition and the larval body length result of Nanya fruit flies under different feed conditions. It is obvious that the development progress of the individuals of the fruit fly larvae fed by the pure pumpkin is greatly different (figure 3A); and under the condition of feeding the feed D, the development consistency of the Nanysub fruit fly larvae is high, and the larva body length fed by the feed D is remarkably longer than that fed by pumpkin (figure 3B, C). It is explained that feeding Nanya fruit fly with natural host pumpkin can result in great difference in development progress of individuals, while feeding test insects with feed D can obtain physiological standard easily.
Feeding with pure host pumpkin is easy to grow microorganisms (fig. 4), and is likely to cause microorganism infection; and the feed D can reduce or avoid microbial infection as artificial feed. Moreover, pesticide application is avoided in the growing process of the planted pumpkins, so that the raising of the pure pumpkins possibly affects experimental insects, and the use of natural host pumpkins is reduced, so that the interference of factors such as pesticides and the like can be reduced.
And respectively taking 100 newly hatched larvae to be connected to a feed D or pure host pumpkin, feeding the larvae to the old, and observing and counting the death condition of the larvae. Feeding with pure host pumpkin, which is eaten by larvae and then flooded with water (fig. 5A), the death rate of larvae is high; the survival rate of larvae raised from the pure host pumpkin was significantly lower than that raised from feed D (fig. 5B).
In terms of feed cost, the required cost was calculated for each 1000g of pumpkin and feed D. 1000g pumpkin: the cost is 8 yuan. 1000g feed D: banana 0.375 yuan, corn flour 0.54 yuan, yeast powder 0.432 yuan, sucrose 0.153 yuan, toilet paper 0.25 yuan, concentrated hydrochloric acid 0.18 yuan, sodium benzoate 0.0042 yuan, water is ignored by tap water, pumpkin 0.288 yuan, and the total is: 2.2222 yuan. It is stated that at the same weight, feed D can save a lot of costs. On the other hand, pumpkin is not easy to store for a long time and needs to be purchased frequently; the artificial feed D contains preservative sodium benzoate, and can be stored in a refrigerator at 4 ℃ for 2-3 months, and can be taken and used at any time.
The test results show that among the alternative groups of artificial feeds, feed B is discarded due to the fact that the Nanya fruit fly eggs are not hatched; feed C net reproductive rate is too low to be obsolete; the feed A is obviously inferior to the feed D, and the pupa weight, the net reproductive rate of the female worms, the average life span of the female worms and the egg hatching rate of the feed D are all close to the effect of pure pumpkin feeding. Moreover, the use of the feed D can obviously reduce a large amount of cost, save a large amount of manpower and material resources, reduce microbial infection and larva mortality, and obtain larvae with more consistent physiological standards, so that the feed D can be used as indoor artificial feed for feeding Nanya fruit flies on a large scale.
Claims (4)
1. The feed for the Nanya fruit fly larvae is characterized by comprising 150 parts of banana, 150 parts of corn meal, 30 parts of yeast powder, 30 parts of white granulated sugar, 30 parts of toilet paper, 1.2 parts of concentrated hydrochloric acid, 0.6 part of sodium benzoate, 200 parts of water and 36 parts of pumpkin by mass; the bananas are banana pulp, and the pumpkins are pumpkin melon pulp.
2. The preparation method of the Nanya fruit fly larva feed is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the mass part of claim 1, wherein the feed for the Nanya fruit fly larvae is prepared by mixing the components and fully stirring and uniformly mixing the components.
3. Use of the feed for fruit fly larvae in south asia according to claim 1 for feeding fruit flies in south asia.
4. A method of rearing fruit fly in south asia, comprising the steps of rearing fruit fly larvae in south asia with the feed for fruit fly larvae in south asia of claim 1; in the adult stage of the Nanya fruit flies, the Nanya fruit flies are fed with adult feed, and the adult feed is prepared by mixing yeast powder and white granulated sugar according to the mass ratio of 1:1.
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| Title |
|---|
| 橘小实蝇、瓜实蝇和南亚果实蝇人工饲料的优化;林明光;汪兴鉴;张艳;孙蕊芬;曾玲;;应用昆虫学报;20130715(04);1115-1125 * |
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