CN110583914A - Spodoptera frugiperda semi-artificial feed and preparation method and feeding method thereof - Google Patents
Spodoptera frugiperda semi-artificial feed and preparation method and feeding method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K67/00—Rearing or breeding animals, not otherwise provided for; New breeds of animals
- A01K67/033—Rearing or breeding invertebrates; New breeds of invertebrates
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/10—Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes
- A23K10/16—Addition of microorganisms or extracts thereof, e.g. single-cell proteins, to feeding-stuff compositions
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/158—Fatty acids; Fats; Products containing oils or fats
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/163—Sugars; Polysaccharides
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/168—Steroids
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/174—Vitamins
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
- A23K50/90—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for insects, e.g. bees or silkworms
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L3/00—Preservation of foods or foodstuffs, in general, e.g. pasteurising, sterilising, specially adapted for foods or foodstuffs
- A23L3/34—Preservation of foods or foodstuffs, in general, e.g. pasteurising, sterilising, specially adapted for foods or foodstuffs by treatment with chemicals
- A23L3/3454—Preservation of foods or foodstuffs, in general, e.g. pasteurising, sterilising, specially adapted for foods or foodstuffs by treatment with chemicals in the form of liquids or solids
- A23L3/3463—Organic compounds; Microorganisms; Enzymes
- A23L3/3481—Organic compounds containing oxygen
- A23L3/3508—Organic compounds containing oxygen containing carboxyl groups
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L3/00—Preservation of foods or foodstuffs, in general, e.g. pasteurising, sterilising, specially adapted for foods or foodstuffs
- A23L3/34—Preservation of foods or foodstuffs, in general, e.g. pasteurising, sterilising, specially adapted for foods or foodstuffs by treatment with chemicals
- A23L3/3454—Preservation of foods or foodstuffs, in general, e.g. pasteurising, sterilising, specially adapted for foods or foodstuffs by treatment with chemicals in the form of liquids or solids
- A23L3/3463—Organic compounds; Microorganisms; Enzymes
- A23L3/3481—Organic compounds containing oxygen
- A23L3/3508—Organic compounds containing oxygen containing carboxyl groups
- A23L3/3517—Carboxylic acid esters
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/90—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in food processing or handling, e.g. food conservation
Abstract
The invention provides a spodoptera frugiperda semi-artificial feed, a preparation method and a feeding method thereof, wherein the artificial feed comprises, by weight, soybean flour (7.00% -9.00%), yeast powder (3.00% -4.50%), corn flour (7.50% -9.50%), corn oil (0.20% -0.30%), ascorbic acid (0.20% -0.30%), sorbic acid (0.10% -0.20%), methylparaben (0.10% -0.20%), cholesterol (0.060% -0.065%), agar (1.00% -1.50%) and water (75.00% -80.00%). The feed provided by the invention is low in cost, wide in raw material source, and simple and convenient to prepare, is suitable for growth, development and propagation of spodoptera frugiperda, and can be used for group feeding, so that long-term subculture large-scale feeding (continuous life generation and large-scale feeding) of spodoptera frugiperda is realized, and meanwhile, a preparation method of the spodoptera frugiperda semi-artificial feed is provided.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of insect feeding, and particularly relates to an artificial feed for Spodoptera frugiperda, a preparation method of the artificial feed and a feeding method of the artificial feed.
Background
Spodoptera frugiperda belongs to Spodoptera of Lepidoptera, larvae are in a marching shape, spread in groups, are omnivorous pests which are native to America and subtropical regions, are migratory flying pests, can damage more than 80 crops such as corn, rice, sorghum, potatoes, sugarcane and the like, and cause yield reduction and even no harvest.
In order to effectively control Spodoptera frugiperda and reduce and avoid harm to crops, the method urgently needs effective control on the invaded Spodoptera frugiperda and comprehensive prevention and control on the invaded Spodoptera frugiperda, and indoor toxicity test, biological characteristic research and pesticide screening are needed by comprehensive prevention and control measures. Therefore, the method needs to feed consistent standard test insects with various insect states and mass development for the comprehensive control of spodoptera frugiperda and research on behavior science.
At present, researches on semi-artificial feeds for spodoptera frugiperda are few, artificial feeds for other noctuidae insects are used instead of or in an improved mode, the survival rate of low-age larvae of spodoptera frugiperda is low, and feed ingredients are complex. Complex preparation and high feed cost. Thereby seriously affecting the expansion of the scale of raising Spodoptera frugiperda.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art and provides the spodoptera frugiperda semi-artificial feed, the preparation method and the feeding method thereof.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the preparation method of the spodoptera frugiperda semi-artificial feed comprises the following steps:
(1) weighing the following weight percentages of soybean flour (7.00% -9.00%), yeast powder (3.00% -4.50%), corn flour (7.50% -9.50%), corn oil (0.20% -0.30%), ascorbic acid (0.20% -0.30%), sorbic acid (0.10% -0.20%), methylparaben (0.10% -0.20%), cholesterol (0.060% -0.065%), agar (1.00% -1.50%), and water (75.00% -80.00%).
The ascorbic acid is a necessary nutrient component of the phytophagous insects, and is a food stimulant, and the corn oil stimulates the spodoptera exigua larvae to eat, so that the survival rate of the larvae is improved.
(2) Placing the soybean meal, the yeast powder and the corn flour weighed in the step (1) into an autoclave, sterilizing for 30min under the conditions of pressure of 1.0MPa (pressure unit) and temperature of 121 ℃, cooling the obtained product, and taking out for later use.
(3) Uniformly mixing the corn oil, the ascorbic acid, the sorbic acid, the methyl p-hydroxybenzoate and the cholesterol weighed in the step (1), adding the water accounting for 5% -10% of the weight of the corn oil, the ascorbic acid, the sorbic acid, the methyl p-hydroxybenzoate and the cholesterol, and continuously and uniformly stirring to obtain a mixed product.
(4) Mixing the product obtained in the step (2) with the mixed product obtained in the step (3), adding 10-20% of water obtained in the step (1), and continuously stirring until the mixture is uniform to obtain a secondary mixed product.
(5) And (3) putting the agar obtained in the step (1) into the residual water obtained in the step (1), and melting at 100 ℃ to obtain an agar liquid.
(6) And (4) adding the agar liquid obtained in the step (5) into the secondary mixed product obtained in the step (4) and uniformly stirring to obtain the artificial feed.
The spodoptera frugiperda semi-artificial feed is prepared by adopting a preparation method of the spodoptera frugiperda semi-artificial feed.
The method for feeding Spodoptera frugiperda by using the semi-artificial feed for Spodoptera frugiperda comprises the following steps:
and (1) hatching and managing eggs, namely putting collected spodoptera frugiperda oviposition paper into a refrigerator with the temperature of 5-7 ℃ for 5-7 days, putting the spodoptera frugiperda oviposition paper to be bred into a light incubator with the temperature of 28-30 ℃ and the photoperiod of 16:8(L: D) hours for hatching, putting the spodoptera frugiperda oviposition paper into a 5% (volume ratio) formaldehyde solution for disinfection for 15 minutes after hatching for one day, washing the spodoptera frugiperda oviposition paper for several times, absorbing water by roll paper, and continuously putting the spodoptera frugiperda oviposition paper into the light incubator for hatching until larvae.
Putting the hatched spodoptera frugiperda larvae and the hatched spodoptera frugiperda semi-artificial feed in a sterilized plastic box with the diameter of 9.8cm and the height of 4.1cm, covering with a coil paper, screwing the coil paper with a cover, punching six small holes on the cover, checking every day, adding the feed, feeding in an illumination incubator with the temperature of 28-30 ℃, the light cycle of 16:8(L: D) and the illumination intensity of 20%, dividing the box and picking out weak larvae when the larvae are about three years old, and keeping about 12-15 heads of each box of population until the larvae are aged.
Step (3), managing pupae: putting the aged larvae into a rectangular plastic box with the length, width and height of 20cm, 14.5cm and 7cm, filling 5cm of sandy loam with the water content of 10-14% into the box, pupating, checking and changing the Spodoptera frugiperda semi-artificial feed for every box for about 35-40 heads in the first two days, picking out from the soil after 4 days of soil penetration and pupation, putting into a plastic box with the bottom part humidified and moistened by paper, and keeping the paper in the box moist.
Step (4), enabling adults to grow into eggs: after eclosion of pupae, co-culturing the eclosion adult male and female insects in the same batch after eclosion, putting the eclosion adult male and female insects into a plastic cage with the length, the width and the height of 21cm, the height of 13cm and the height of 12cm, putting egg-laying paper and cotton balls dipped with 10% rape flower honey water in the cage to supplement nutrition for the spodoptera frugiperda adults, replacing the cotton balls every day, and replacing the egg-laying paper every day.
The water in the invention meets the requirement of spodoptera frugiperda on water content. The feed is also suitable for the requirements of feeding by the chewing mouthparts of spodoptera frugiperda larvae, and the source of water is not particularly limited.
The soybean flour is prepared by processing and crushing commercially available soybeans, and meets the requirements of spodoptera frugiperda on protein, fatty acid, cholesterol, tocopherol, various vitamins and other nutrient substances necessary for the growth of insects.
The corn flour is commercial corn, is processed and crushed, has the grain diameter of 80-100 meshes, and provides the spodoptera frugiperda larvae with the requirements on protein and fat.
The yeast powder is Angel active bread yeast powder, and meets the requirements of Spodoptera frugiperda larvae on protein, nucleic acid and saccharide.
Ascorbic acid, purchased from a Doctoria chemical reagent plant, is a necessary nutrient for growth of spodoptera frugiperda larvae, and is also a food stimulant.
Cholesterol is purchased from Chengdu Kelong chemical laboratory, meets the requirement of insects on sterols, and maintains normal growth and development.
Sorbic acid was purchased from a chemical reagent plant of Syngnathus, and used for feed preservation.
Methylparaben was purchased from chengdong chemical reagent factory for feed preservation.
The agar powder is used for forming the feed, plays a role of solidification, prevents the feed from losing moisture, is convenient for spodoptera frugiperda to take food, is purchased from a Dolichos tenella chemical reagent factory, and meets the requirement of the whole growth period of spodoptera frugiperda larvae on the high-humidity feed.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the invention can breed Spodoptera frugiperda in groups, has low cost of semi-artificial feed, wide source of feed raw materials and simple and convenient preparation, and is suitable for the growth, development and propagation of Spodoptera frugiperda, thereby realizing the long-term subculture breeding of Spodoptera frugiperda. Corn oil is added to feed Spodoptera frugiperda to stimulate Spodoptera frugiperda larvae to take food, so that the survival rate of the Spodoptera frugiperda larvae is improved. The survival rate, pupation rate, average pupation weight and egg laying amount of the Spodoptera frugiperda larvae are all higher than those of natural feed crops, namely corn leaves and other feed formulas, the feed ingredients are optimized to 10 kinds, and the feeding cost is lower.
2. The casein is animal protein, although the protein content of the feed is improved when the casein is added into the feed of spodoptera frugiperda, the casein is not beneficial to digestion and absorption of the spodoptera frugiperda, and a certain weak alkaline solution is also added to completely dissolve the casein, so that malnutrition and other phenomena can be caused when the spodoptera frugiperda is eaten for a long time.
3. The corn oil is a non-transgenic corn oil which is sold in the market, provides the spodoptera frugiperda larvae with the requirements for fatty acid, and stimulates the spodoptera frugiperda larvae to eat. According to the Spodoptera frugiperda feed, corn oil is creatively added into the Spodoptera frugiperda feed, and long-term research shows that the corn oil can stimulate Spodoptera frugiperda larvae to eat to improve the survival rate of the larvae, promote normal metabolism of the Spodoptera frugiperda, avoid the condition of malnutrition, provide box-separated feeding, ensure sufficient feed and finally research to obtain the Spodoptera frugiperda box-separated method with high survival rate.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the present invention are described below clearly and completely, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, not all embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Photoperiod 16:8(L: D) hours; wherein L is day, D is night, 16:8(L: D) is day light for 16 hours, and night light for 8 hours.
The illumination intensity is 20%: the light intensity is graded according to 100%, 80%, 60%, 40% and 20% in the incubator.
Subculture large-scale breeding: can be continuously raised in large scale for one life generation.
Example 1 a method for preparing an artificial feed for spodoptera frugiperda larvae comprising the steps of:
(1) weigh the following components by weight: 100g of soybean, 100g of corn flour, 60g of yeast powder, 4g of corn oil, 2g of ascorbic acid, 2g of sorbic acid, 2g of methylparaben, 0.8g of cholesterol, 16g of agar and 1000g of water.
(2) Putting the soybean meal, the yeast powder and the corn meal in the step 1 into an autoclave, sterilizing for 30min under the conditions of 1.0MPa of pressure and 121 ℃, and taking out the obtained product for later use.
(3) Uniformly stirring the corn oil, the ascorbic acid, the sorbic acid, the methyl p-hydroxybenzoate and the cholesterol in the step (1) and 5-10 wt% of water in the step (1) to obtain a mixed product.
(4) Mixing the product obtained in the step (2) with the mixed product obtained in the step (3), adding 10-20 wt% of water in the step (1), and uniformly stirring again to obtain a secondary mixed product.
(5) And (3) putting the agar in the step (1) into the residual water used in the step (1) in the step (3) and the step (4), and melting at 100 ℃ to obtain an agar liquid.
(6) Adding the agar liquid obtained in the step (5) into the product obtained in the step (4) and uniformly stirring to obtain the artificial feed.
The spodoptera frugiperda semi-artificial feed is prepared by the preparation method of the spodoptera frugiperda semi-artificial feed in the example 1.
The feed prepared in example 1 was used for semi-artificial feeding of spodoptera frugiperda:
the method for feeding Spodoptera frugiperda by using the semi-artificial feed for Spodoptera frugiperda comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps of (1) hatching and managing eggs, namely putting collected spodoptera frugiperda oviposition paper into a refrigerator with the temperature of about 5-7 ℃ for 5-7 days, putting the spodoptera frugiperda oviposition paper to be bred into a light incubator with the temperature of 28-30 ℃ and the photoperiod of 16:8(L: D) hours for hatching, putting the spodoptera frugiperda oviposition paper into a 5% (volume ratio of formaldehyde to water) formaldehyde solution for disinfection for 15 minutes after hatching for one day, washing the spodoptera frugiperda oviposition paper for several times, absorbing water by using roll paper, and continuously putting the spodoptera giperda oviposition paper into a.
And (2) putting the hatched spodoptera frugiperda larvae and feed into a sterilized plastic box with the diameter of 9.8cm and the height of 4.1cm for feeding, covering with a coil paper, screwing the coil paper tightly by using a cover, punching six small holes on the cover, checking every day, adding spodoptera frugiperda for semi-artificial feeding, feeding in an illumination incubator with the temperature of 28-30 ℃, the light cycle of 16:8(L: D) and the illumination intensity of 20%, dividing the box and picking out weak larvae when the larvae are about three years old, and keeping about 10-15 heads of each box until the larvae are mature.
Step (3), managing pupae: putting the aged larvae into a rectangular plastic box with the length, width and height of 20cm, 14.5cm and 7cm, filling sandy soil with the height of 5cm and the water content of 10% into the box, pupating the sandy soil, wherein each box has about 35-40 heads, checking and changing Spodoptera frugiperda semi-artificial feeding in the first two days, picking out the semi-artificial feeding from soil 4 days after the pupa is planted, putting the semi-artificial feeding into a plastic box with the bottom being humidified and moistened, and keeping the paper in the box moist.
Step (4), enabling adults to grow into eggs: after eclosion of pupae, co-culturing the eclosion adult male and female insects in the same batch after eclosion, putting the eclosion adult male and female insects into a plastic cage with the length, the width and the height of 21cm, the height of 13cm and the height of 12cm, putting egg-laying paper and cotton balls dipped with 10% rape flower honey water in the cage to supplement nutrition for the spodoptera frugiperda adults, replacing the cotton balls every day, and replacing the egg-laying paper every day.
Example 2 a method for preparing an artificial feed for spodoptera frugiperda larvae comprising the steps of:
(1) weigh the following components by weight: 1000g of water, 120g of soybean meal, 100g of corn meal, 40g of yeast powder, 3.5g of corn oil, 3g of ascorbic acid, 2g of sorbic acid, 2g of methylparaben, 0.8g of cholesterol and 16g of agar.
(2) Placing the soybean powder, yeast powder and corn flour in (1) into an autoclave, sterilizing for 30min under the conditions of 1.0MPa and 121 ℃ for later use.
(3) Uniformly stirring the corn oil, the ascorbic acid, the sorbic acid, the methyl p-hydroxybenzoate and the cholesterol in the step (1) and 5-10 wt% of water in the step (1) to obtain a mixed product.
(4) Mixing the product obtained in the step (2) with the mixed product obtained in the step (3), adding 10-20 wt% of water in the step (1), and uniformly stirring again to obtain a secondary mixed product.
(5) And (3) putting the agar in the step (1) into the residual water used in the step (1) in the step (3) and the step (4), and melting at 100 ℃ to obtain an agar liquid.
(6) Adding the agar liquid obtained in the step (5) into the product obtained in the step (4) and uniformly stirring to obtain the artificial feed.
The spodoptera frugiperda semi-artificial feed is prepared by the preparation method of the spodoptera frugiperda semi-artificial feed in the example 2.
The feed prepared in example 2 was used for feeding spodoptera frugiperda larvae:
the method for feeding Spodoptera frugiperda by using the semi-artificial feed for Spodoptera frugiperda comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps of (1) hatching and managing eggs, namely putting collected spodoptera frugiperda oviposition paper into a refrigerator at the temperature of about 5-7 ℃ for storage, putting the spodoptera frugiperda oviposition paper to be bred into a light incubator at the temperature of 28-30 ℃ for hatching, putting the spodoptera frugiperda oviposition paper into a 5% (volume ratio of formaldehyde to water) formaldehyde solution for disinfection for 15 minutes after hatching for one day, washing the egg paper for several times by using clear water, absorbing water by using roll paper, and continuously putting the egg paper into a light incubator for hatching until larvae are hatched.
And (2) putting the hatched spodoptera frugiperda larvae and feed into a sterilized plastic box with the diameter of 9.8cm and the height of 4.1cm for feeding, covering with a coil paper, screwing the coil paper tightly by using a cover, punching six small holes on the cover, checking every day, adding the feed, feeding in a light incubator with the temperature of 28-30 ℃, the light cycle of 16:8(L: D) and the light intensity of 20%, dividing the box when the larvae are about three years old, selecting out weak larvae, and keeping the number of the larvae in each box about 10 until the larvae are aged.
Step (3), managing pupae: putting the aged larvae into a rectangular plastic box with the length, width and height of 20cm, 14.5cm and 7cm, filling sandy soil with the height of 5cm and the water content of 10% into the box, pupating the sandy soil, wherein each box has about 35-40 heads, checking and changing the Spodoptera frugiperda semi-artificial feed in the first two days, picking out the semi-artificial feed from soil 4 days after the semi-artificial feed is embedded into the soil and pupated, putting the semi-artificial feed into a plastic box with the bottom being humidified and moistened by roll paper, and keeping the roll paper in the box moist.
Step (4), enabling adults to grow into eggs: after eclosion of pupae, co-culturing the eclosion adult male and female insects in the same batch after eclosion, putting the eclosion adult male and female insects into a plastic cage with the length, the width and the height of 21cm, the height of 13cm and the height of 12cm, putting egg-laying paper and cotton balls dipped with 10% rape flower honey water in the cage to supplement nutrition for the spodoptera frugiperda adults, replacing the cotton balls every day, and replacing the egg-laying paper every day.
Example 3 a method for preparing an artificial feed for spodoptera frugiperda larvae, comprising the steps of: (1) the following components were weighed: 1000g of water, 100g of soybean meal, 120g of corn meal, 40g of yeast powder, 3g of corn oil, 3g of ascorbic acid, 2g of sorbic acid, 2g of methylparaben, 0.8g of cholesterol and 16g of agar.
(2) Placing the soybean powder, yeast powder and corn flour in (1) into an autoclave, sterilizing for 30min under the conditions of 1.0MPa and 121 ℃ for later use.
(3) Uniformly stirring the corn oil, the ascorbic acid, the sorbic acid, the methyl p-hydroxybenzoate and the cholesterol in the step (1) and 5-10 wt% of water in the step (1) to obtain a mixed product.
(4) Mixing the product obtained in the step (2) with the mixed product obtained in the step (3), adding 10-20 wt% of water in the step (1), and uniformly stirring again to obtain a secondary mixed product.
(5) And (3) putting the agar in the step (1) into the residual water used in the step (1) in the step (3) and the step (4), and melting at 100 ℃ to obtain an agar liquid.
(6) Adding the agar liquid obtained in the step (5) into the product obtained in the step (4) and uniformly stirring to obtain the artificial feed.
The spodoptera frugiperda semi-artificial feed is prepared by the preparation method of the spodoptera frugiperda semi-artificial feed in the example 3.
The feed prepared in example 3 was used for semi-artificial feeding of spodoptera frugiperda:
the method for feeding Spodoptera frugiperda by using the semi-artificial feed for Spodoptera frugiperda comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps of (1) hatching and managing eggs, namely putting collected spodoptera frugiperda oviposition paper into a refrigerator with the temperature of about 5-7 ℃ for 5-7 days, putting the spodoptera frugiperda oviposition paper to be bred into a light incubator with the temperature of 28-30 ℃ and the photoperiod of 16:8(L: D) hours for hatching, putting the spodoptera frugiperda oviposition paper into a 5% (volume ratio of formaldehyde to water) formaldehyde solution for disinfection for 15 minutes after hatching for one day, washing the spodoptera frugiperda oviposition paper for several times, absorbing water by using roll paper, and continuously putting the spodoptera giperda oviposition paper into a.
And (2) putting the hatched spodoptera frugiperda larvae and feed into a sterilized plastic box with the diameter of 9.8cm and the height of 4.1cm for feeding, covering with a coil paper, screwing the coil paper tightly by using a cover, punching six small holes on the cover, checking every day, adding the feed, feeding in a light incubator with the temperature of 28-30 ℃, the light cycle of 16:8(L: D) and the light intensity of 20%, dividing the box when the larvae are about three years old, selecting out weak larvae, and keeping the number of the larvae in each box to be about 12-15 until the larvae are mature.
Step (3), managing pupae: putting the aged larvae into a rectangular plastic box with the length, width and height of 20cm, 14.5cm and 7cm, filling sandy soil with the height of 5cm and the water content of 10% into the box, pupating the sandy soil, wherein each box has about 35-40 heads, checking and changing the Spodoptera frugiperda semi-artificial feed in the first two days, picking out the semi-artificial feed from soil 4 days after the semi-artificial feed is embedded into the soil and pupated, putting the semi-artificial feed into a plastic box with the bottom being humidified and moistened by roll paper, and keeping the roll paper in the box moist.
Step (4), enabling adults to grow into eggs: after eclosion of pupae, co-culturing the eclosion adult male and female insects in the same batch after eclosion, putting the eclosion adult male and female insects into a plastic cage with the length, the width and the height of 21cm, the height of 13cm and the height of 12cm, putting egg-laying paper and cotton balls dipped with 10% rape flower honey water in the cage to supplement nutrition for the spodoptera frugiperda adults, replacing the cotton balls every day, and replacing the egg-laying paper every day.
Comparative example 1. formula of artificial feed for myxocyprid larvae: 100g of corn borer, 37g of wheat germ powder, 37.5g of soybean powder, 10g of yeast powder, 1g of sorbic acid, 2g of methylparaben, 0.5g of cholesterol, 12.5g of agar and 410g of water. Referring to the method for preparing the spodoptera frugiperda larva artificial feed, the artificial feed is prepared in the following steps of example 1 to example 3.
Comparative example 2 feeding Spodoptera frugiperda larvae with fresh corn leaves as control
The first generation Spodoptera frugiperda sources (Spodoptera frugiperda larvae collected from a field corn field are raised by corn leaves until the imagoes lay eggs and then hatch) raised in a laboratory are raised in the same raising appliance under the same condition by using the artificial feeds prepared in experimental examples 1-3 and comparative example 1 respectively, and the Spodoptera frugiperda is raised by using corn leaves in comparative example 2.
50 Spodoptera frugiperda larvae were individually reared using examples 1-3 and comparative examples 1, 2 and repeated 5 times for a total of 1250 larvae. The feed and fresh corn leaves are replaced every 24 hours, and the survival rate of larvae, the development history, the pupal weight and the pupal rate are counted by observing twice a day at 8:00 and 18: 00. And (2) putting the Spodoptera frugiperda pupae repeatedly obtained by each treatment into a self-made adult eclosion spawning cage, feeding 10% rape flower honey water, moisturizing with a wet towel, putting spawning paper in the cage, recording the number of spawning blocks every day when the adults spawn, calculating the average spawning amount of single female, and finally comprehensively evaluating the feeding effect of each group of feeds by 5 indexes such as larva survival rate, development period, pupation rate, adult eclosion rate, spawning and the like.
TABLE 1 comparison of the feeding effect of Spodoptera frugiperda in each group of feeds
As shown in the results in Table 1, the average survival rate of larvae of Spodoptera frugiperda fed with the semi-artificial feed obtained in examples 1 to 3 of the present invention was 86.7%, the average pupation rate was 87.91%, the average pupation weight was 0.192g for females, 0.178g for males, and the average egg laying amount was 493.20.
Comparative example 1 and comparative example 2, the average survival rate of larvae, development history of larvae, average pupation rate, average pupal weight, average egg laying amount were 53.17% and 71.32%, 14.69 days and 13.18 days, 38.25% and 69.78%, average pupal weight, 0.140g for females, 0.130g for males in comparative example 1 and 0.192g for females, 0.180g for males in comparative example 2, 131.05 pellets for comparative example 1 and 419.87 pellets for comparative example 2.
The survival rate, pupation weight and egg laying amount of the larvae are obviously higher than those of the comparative example 1 and are higher than those of the Spodoptera frugiperda bred by the corn leaves of the comparative example 2.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, but not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; and such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. The preparation method of the spodoptera frugiperda semi-artificial feed is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) weighing soybean flour (7.00% -9.00%), yeast powder (3.00% -4.50%), corn flour (7.50% -9.50%), corn oil (0.20% -0.30%), ascorbic acid (0.20% -0.30%), sorbic acid (0.10% -0.20%), methylparaben (0.10% -0.20%), cholesterol (0.060% -0.065%), agar (1.00% -1.50%) and water (75.00% -80.00%);
(2) putting the soybean meal, the yeast powder and the corn flour weighed in the step (1) into an autoclave, sterilizing for 30min under the conditions that the pressure is 1.0MPa and the temperature is 121 ℃, cooling the obtained product and taking out for later use;
(3) uniformly mixing the corn oil, the ascorbic acid, the sorbic acid, the methyl p-hydroxybenzoate and the cholesterol weighed in the step (1), adding water accounting for 5-10% of the weight of the corn oil, the ascorbic acid, the sorbic acid, the methyl p-hydroxybenzoate and the cholesterol, and continuously stirring uniformly to obtain a mixed product;
(4) mixing the product obtained in the step (2) with the mixed product obtained in the step (3), adding 10-20% of water by weight in the step (1), and continuously stirring until the mixture is uniform to obtain a secondary mixed product;
(5) putting the agar in the step (1) into the residual water used in the steps (1) and (3) and (4), and melting at 100 ℃ to obtain an agar liquid;
(6) and (4) adding the agar liquid obtained in the step (5) into the secondary mixed product obtained in the step (4) and uniformly stirring to obtain the artificial feed.
2. The spodoptera frugiperda semi-artificial feed is characterized by being prepared by the preparation method of the spodoptera frugiperda semi-artificial feed as claimed in claim 1.
3. The method for feeding Spodoptera frugiperda by using the semi-artificial feed for Spodoptera frugiperda is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
step (1), hatching and managing eggs, namely putting collected spodoptera frugiperda oviposition paper into a refrigerator with the temperature of 5-7 ℃ for 5-7 days, putting the spodoptera frugiperda oviposition paper to be propagated into a light incubator with the temperature of 28-30 ℃ and the light cycle of 16 hours in the day, namely 8 hours at night for hatching, putting the spodoptera frugiperda oviposition paper into a 5% (volume ratio) formaldehyde solution for disinfection for 15 minutes after hatching for one day, washing the spodoptera frugiperda oviposition paper for several times, absorbing water by roll paper, and continuously putting the spodoptera frugiperda oviposition paper into the light incubator for;
step (2), putting the hatched spodoptera frugiperda larvae and spodoptera frugiperda semi-artificial feed into a sterilized plastic box with the diameter of 9.8cm and the height of 4.1cm, covering with a coil paper, screwing the coil paper by a cover, punching six small holes on the cover, checking every day, adding the spodoptera frugiperda semi-artificial feed, feeding in an illumination incubator with the temperature of 28-30 ℃, the light cycle of 16:8(L: D) and the illumination intensity of 20%, dividing the box and picking out weak larvae when the larvae are about three years old, and keeping 12-15 heads of each box of population until the larvae are mature;
step (3), managing pupae: putting the aged larvae into a rectangular plastic box with the length, the width and the height of 20cm, the length, the width and the height of 14.5cm and the height of 7cm, filling 5cm of sandy loam with the water content of 10-14% into the box, pupating the sandy loam, checking the added spodoptera frugiperda semi-artificial feed for two days before each box for about 35-40 heads, picking out the semi-artificial feed from the soil after the semi-artificial feed is planted into the soil and pupated for 4 days, putting the semi-artificial feed into a plastic box with the bottom part humidified and moistened roll paper, and keeping the roll paper in the box moist;
step (4), enabling adults to grow into eggs: after eclosion of pupae, co-culturing the eclosion adult male and female insects in the same batch after eclosion, putting the eclosion adult male and female insects into a plastic cage with the length, the width and the height of 21cm, the height of 13cm and the height of 12cm, putting egg-laying paper and cotton balls dipped with 10% rape flower honey water in the cage to supplement nutrition for the spodoptera frugiperda adults, replacing the cotton balls every day, and replacing the egg-laying paper every day.
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