CN115530298A - Spodoptera frugiperda semi-artificial feed and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Spodoptera frugiperda semi-artificial feed and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN115530298A CN115530298A CN202211126997.6A CN202211126997A CN115530298A CN 115530298 A CN115530298 A CN 115530298A CN 202211126997 A CN202211126997 A CN 202211126997A CN 115530298 A CN115530298 A CN 115530298A
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- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
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- GVJHHUAWPYXKBD-IEOSBIPESA-N α-tocopherol Chemical compound OC1=C(C)C(C)=C2O[C@@](CCC[C@H](C)CCC[C@H](C)CCCC(C)C)(C)CCC2=C1C GVJHHUAWPYXKBD-IEOSBIPESA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
- A23K50/90—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for insects, e.g. bees or silkworms
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K67/00—Rearing or breeding animals, not otherwise provided for; New or modified breeds of animals
- A01K67/033—Rearing or breeding invertebrates; New breeds of invertebrates
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/10—Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes
- A23K10/16—Addition of microorganisms or extracts thereof, e.g. single-cell proteins, to feeding-stuff compositions
- A23K10/18—Addition of microorganisms or extracts thereof, e.g. single-cell proteins, to feeding-stuff compositions of live microorganisms
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/105—Aliphatic or alicyclic compounds
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/111—Aromatic compounds
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/116—Heterocyclic compounds
- A23K20/121—Heterocyclic compounds containing oxygen or sulfur as hetero atom
- A23K20/126—Lactones
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/163—Sugars; Polysaccharides
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/168—Steroids
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Physiology (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Mycology (AREA)
- Insects & Arthropods (AREA)
- Birds (AREA)
- Feed For Specific Animals (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of insect feeding, and particularly relates to a spodoptera frugiperda semi-artificial feed and a preparation method and application thereof. The spodoptera frugiperda semi-artificial feed comprises the following components in parts by weight: 100-120 parts of soybean meal, 60 parts of beer yeast powder, 80-100 parts of wheat flour, 2-4 parts of glacial acetic acid, 4 parts of ascorbic acid, 2 parts of sorbic acid, 2 parts of methyl p-hydroxybenzoate, 0.8 part of cholesterol, 16-20 parts of agar and 1000 parts of water. The feed provided by the invention is low in cost, wide in raw material source, and simple and convenient to prepare, is suitable for growth, development and propagation of spodoptera frugiperda, and can be used for large-scale group feeding, so that long-term subculture large-scale feeding of spodoptera frugiperda is realized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of insect feeding, and particularly relates to a spodoptera frugiperda semi-artificial feed and a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
Spodoptera frugiperda belongs to Spodoptera of Lepidoptera, is a omnivorous pest native to America and subtropical regions, is a major migratory insect, has the characteristics of wide host range, strong reproductive capacity, quick migratory flight diffusion, heavy harm degree, high prevention and control difficulty and the like, can harm more than 80 crops such as corn, rice, sorghum, potato, sugarcane and the like, and causes yield reduction and even top-off harvest.
In order to effectively control Spodoptera frugiperda and reduce and avoid harm to crops, the invasive Spodoptera frugiperda needs to be effectively controlled, the harm to the crops is reduced and avoided, the invasive Spodoptera frugiperda needs to be comprehensively controlled, and indoor toxicity test and biological characteristic research biological control and pesticide screening are needed by comprehensive control measures. Therefore, the method needs to feed consistent standard test insects with various insect states and mass development for the comprehensive control of spodoptera frugiperda and research on behavior science.
At present, the research on the Spodoptera frugiperda semi-artificial feed is less, the artificial feed of other Spodoptera frugiperda insects is used in an improved mode, the proportion of nutrient components of the feed is unreasonable, the feed is not suitable for the requirements of nutrition and metabolism of Spodoptera frugiperda, the survival rate of Spodoptera frugiperda larvae is low, and the feed components are complex. The preparation is complicated, and the feed cost is high. Population decline is caused after the breeding for many generations, thereby seriously affecting the expansion of the scale of breeding the Spodoptera frugiperda, and the requirement of the integral research on the Spodoptera frugiperda cannot be met.
The invention patent with the application number of CN201911001972.1 discloses a spodoptera frugiperda semi-artificial feed, a preparation method and a feeding method thereof, the feed and the method can realize long-term subculture large-scale feeding of spodoptera frugiperda, and the difference is that bread yeast powder rather than beer yeast powder is adopted as the feed, and glacial acetic acid is not added.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a composition for preparing a spodoptera frugiperda semi-artificial feed, which is simple in components and low in cost.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the composition for preparing the spodoptera frugiperda semi-artificial feed comprises the following components in parts by weight: 100-120 parts of soybean meal, 60 parts of beer yeast powder, 80-100 parts of wheat flour, 2-4 parts of glacial acetic acid, 4 parts of ascorbic acid, 2 parts of sorbic acid, 2 parts of methyl p-hydroxybenzoate, 0.8 part of cholesterol, 16-20 parts of agar and 1000 parts of water.
Further, the composition consists of the following components in parts by weight: 100 parts of soybean meal, 60 parts of beer yeast powder, 100 parts of wheat flour, 2 parts of glacial acetic acid, 4 parts of ascorbic acid, 2 parts of sorbic acid, 2 parts of methyl p-hydroxybenzoate, 0.8 part of cholesterol, 16 parts of agar and 1000 parts of water.
Further, the composition consists of the following components in parts by weight: 110 parts of soybean meal, 60 parts of beer yeast powder, 90 parts of wheat flour, 3 parts of glacial acetic acid, 4 parts of ascorbic acid, 2 parts of sorbic acid, 2 parts of methyl p-hydroxybenzoate, 0.8 part of cholesterol, 20 parts of agar and 1000 parts of water.
Further, the composition consists of the following components in parts by weight: 120 parts of soybean meal, 60 parts of beer yeast powder, 80 parts of wheat flour, 4 parts of glacial acetic acid, 4 parts of ascorbic acid, 2 parts of sorbic acid, 2 parts of methyl p-hydroxybenzoate, 0.8 part of cholesterol, 20 parts of agar and 1000 parts of water.
Furthermore, the water only meets the requirement of Spodoptera frugiperda on water, and simultaneously adapts to the requirement of feeding by a chewing mouthpart of Spodoptera frugiperda larvae, and the source of the water is not specially limited.
Furthermore, the soybean flour is obtained by processing and crushing commercially available soybeans, and meets the requirements of spodoptera frugiperda on protein, fatty acid, cholesterol, tocopherol, various vitamins and other nutrients necessary for the growth of insects.
Furthermore, the wheat flour is commercially available wheat, is processed and crushed, has the grain diameter of 80-100 meshes, and provides the spodoptera frugiperda larvae with the requirements for protein and fat.
Further, the beer yeast powder is dry beer yeast powder sold in the market, and the requirements of spodoptera frugiperda larvae on protein, nucleic acid and saccharide are met; the beer yeast powder is adopted to replace bread yeast powder to feed Spodoptera frugiperda, so that the larva survival rate of Spodoptera frugiperda is improved, and the feed cost is reduced.
Furthermore, the ascorbic acid is purchased from a chemical reagent factory of Dou Kelong, is a nutrient component necessary for growth of spodoptera frugiperda larvae, is a food stimulant, stimulates the spodoptera frugiperda larvae to eat, and improves survival rate of the larvae.
Further, the cholesterol is purchased from a chemical laboratory plant of Chengdu Kelong, so as to meet the requirement of insects on the sterols and maintain normal growth and development.
Further, the sorbic acid and the glacial acetic acid are purchased from a Dowanghong chemical reagent factory and are used for feed preservation; because the sorbic acid is insoluble in water and can not play a better antibacterial effect when being directly added into the feed, the glacial acetic acid is creatively added and can be completely dissolved, so that the corrosion prevention effect is improved, the normal growth of spodoptera frugiperda is ensured, the feed replacement frequency is reduced due to the successful use of the glacial acetic acid, and the labor efficiency is improved.
Further, the methylparaben was purchased from chengdu crolon chemical reagent factory and used for feed preservation.
Further, the agar powder is used for feed forming, plays a role in solidification, prevents that the feed from losing moisture, is convenient for spodoptera frugiperda to take food, is purchased from Chengdu Kelong chemical reagent plants, and meets the requirement of the whole spodoptera frugiperda larva growth period on high-humidity feed.
The second purpose of the invention is to provide a preparation method of the Spodoptera frugiperda semi-artificial feed.
In order to realize the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
s1: weighing the components according to the parts by weight of claim 1;
s2: autoclaving said soy flour, said wheat flour and said brewer's yeast powder to obtain a mixed product 1;
s3: mixing the sorbic acid and the glacial acetic acid, and dissolving to obtain a mixed product 2;
s4: mixing the ascorbic acid, the methylparaben and the cholesterol with water to obtain a mixed product 3;
s5: mixing the mixed product 1, the mixed product 2 and the mixed product 3, and adding water to obtain a mixed product 4;
s6: mixing the agar with the rest water to obtain agar liquid;
s7: and mixing the agar solution with the mixed product 4 to obtain the spodoptera frugiperda semi-artificial feed.
In the preparation process, each mixing needs to be continuously stirred until the mixture is uniformly mixed.
Furthermore, the using amount of the water in the S4 is 5% -10% of the weighed total amount of the water in the S1, and the using amount of the water in the S5 is 10% -20% of the weighed total amount of the water in the S1; the using amount of the water in the S6 is 70-85% of the total amount of the water in the S1.
Further, the high-pressure sterilization conditions in S2 are: the pressure is 1.0MPa, the temperature is 121 ℃, and the sterilization time is 30min.
Further, in S6, the agar was melted at 100 ℃ to obtain an agar solution.
The invention also aims to provide the spodoptera frugiperda semi-artificial feed which is simple in nutrient components, reasonable in component proportion, suitable for the requirements of spodoptera frugiperda on nutrition and metabolism, simple in preparation method and low in feed cost.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the spodoptera frugiperda semi-artificial feed is prepared by adopting the preparation method.
The fourth purpose of the invention is to provide a method for feeding spodoptera frugiperda by using the spodoptera frugiperda semi-artificial feed.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the method for feeding spodoptera frugiperda by using the spodoptera frugiperda semi-artificial feed specifically comprises the following steps:
s1: hatching and managing eggs: incubating Spodoptera frugiperda larvae by using an illumination incubator;
s2: feeding Spodoptera frugiperda larvae hatched in the S1 in a rectangular plastic box by using the Spodoptera frugiperda semi-artificial feed to obtain mature larvae;
s3: managing pupae: in a new rectangular plastic box, adopting sandy loam to pupate the aged larvae to obtain Spodoptera frugiperda imagoes;
s4: adult to egg: after pupae eclosion, laying egg laying cloth and food in a plastic cage, and polyculturing male and female adults to obtain Spodoptera frugiperda eggs.
Further, in S1, before hatching, the Spodoptera frugiperda oviposition cloth needs to be stored in a refrigerator at 15-16 ℃ for 8-9 days.
Further, in S1, after incubating the Spodoptera frugiperda oviposition cloth in an illumination incubator for one day, a peracetic acid solution with the concentration of 1000mg/L is adopted for disinfection, and the disinfection time is 15 minutes; after disinfection, the water is washed for several times by clear water, and after the water is dried in the shade, the water is continuously put into a light-irradiation incubator for incubation until the larvae are incubated out.
Further, the S1 illumination incubator has the following feeding conditions: the temperature is 28-30 ℃, the photoperiod is 16 hours in the day and 8 hours at night; s2, the breeding conditions of the illumination incubator are as follows: the temperature is 28-30 ℃, the photoperiod is 16 hours in the day and 8 hours at night, and the illumination intensity is 20%.
Furthermore, when the rectangular plastic box is adopted to feed spodoptera frugiperda in S2, non-woven fabrics are adopted as a covering.
Further, in S2, three days before spodoptera frugiperda, the spodoptera frugiperda is checked and added with one semi-artificial feed for spodoptera frugiperda, and two days after the three days, the spodoptera frugiperda is checked and added with one semi-artificial feed for spodoptera frugiperda.
Further, in S2, the cover of the rectangular plastic box includes 24 small holes.
And further, in S3, checking and adding the Spodoptera frugiperda semi-artificial feed in the first two days, picking the Spodoptera frugiperda semi-artificial feed out of soil 4 days after the Spodoptera frugiperda is placed in the soil to pupate, feeding the Spodoptera frugiperda in a plastic box with humidifying and rolling paper at the bottom, wherein the rolling paper needs to be kept moist to obtain the Spodoptera frugiperda pupa.
Further, in S4, the food is 10% rape flower honey water; the cotton balls dipped with 10% rape flower honey water are put into a plastic cage for adults to eat.
Further, the cotton balls and the spawning cloth are replaced once a day.
Further, the rectangular plastic box in the S2 is 30cm long, 21cm wide and 4.5cm high; s3, the rectangular plastic box is 20cm long, 14.5cm wide and 7cm high; in S4, the plastic cage is 21cm long, 13cm wide and 12cm high.
The fifth purpose of the invention is to provide the composition, the Spodoptera frugiperda semi-artificial feed and/or the application of the Spodoptera frugiperda breeding method in breeding Spodoptera frugiperda.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the composition, the Spodoptera frugiperda semi-artificial feed and/or the Spodoptera frugiperda breeding method are/is applied to breeding Spodoptera frugiperda.
Further, the composition, the Spodoptera frugiperda semi-artificial feed and/or the Spodoptera frugiperda breeding method are applied to long-term large-scale colony breeding of Spodoptera frugiperda.
The composition, the spodoptera frugiperda semi-artificial feed and/or the spodoptera frugiperda feeding method are suitable for growth, development and propagation of the spodoptera frugiperda, and can realize large-scale colony feeding, so that long-term subculture large-scale feeding of the spodoptera frugiperda is realized, the feeding cost is reduced, and the labor and labor efficiency is improved.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the large-scale population breeding of spodoptera frugiperda can be realized: the semi-artificial feed for Spodoptera frugiperda provided by the invention is low in cost, wide in raw material source, simple and convenient to prepare, and suitable for growth, development and propagation of Spodoptera frugiperda, so that long-term large-scale subculture of Spodoptera frugiperda is realized;
2. according to the spodoptera frugiperda semi-artificial feed, the spodoptera frugiperda is fed by using the beer yeast powder instead of the bread yeast powder, so that the survival rate of larvae of the spodoptera frugiperda is improved, and the feed cost is reduced; the survival rate, pupation rate, average pupal weight and egg laying amount of Spodoptera frugiperda larvae bred by the feed are all higher than those of corn leaves and other feed formulas of natural feed crops, the feed components are optimized into 10 types, and the breeding cost is lower;
3. sorbic acid is added into the existing Spodoptera frugiperda feed formulas to serve as a preservative, formaldehyde is also added into some feed formulas to serve as a preservative, and the feed has 2 defects: 1) Has certain toxicity to human; 2) The long-term feeding of insects by adopting the feed can cause population decline. According to long-term research, the invention discovers that sorbic acid is insoluble in water and can not play a better antibacterial effect when being directly added into a feed. The Spodoptera frugiperda feed is creatively added with glacial acetic acid to prepare the Spodoptera frugiperda feed, and firstly, the glacial acetic acid can replace formaldehyde, so that the toxicity to people and the influence on the environment are reduced; and secondly, the glacial acetic acid is more green and environment-friendly, the sorbic acid can be completely dissolved, the anti-corrosion effect is increased, the normal growth of the spodoptera frugiperda is ensured, the feed can be changed once in the first three days and once in the second three days, the manpower payment in the feeding process is reduced, and the labor efficiency is improved.
3. In the conventional raising, the roll paper is required to cover the spodoptera frugiperda larvae, and the roll paper cannot be wetted and can not adapt to the requirement of large-box raising.
4. The method creatively uses the rectangular box with the length of 30cm, the width of 21cm and the height of 4.5cm to replace the round box with the diameter of 10cm to feed the Spodoptera frugiperda in the feeding process, so that the feeding number of larvae is increased, the feeding cost and the labor cost are greatly reduced, the labor efficiency is improved, and the Spodoptera frugiperda can be fed in a large scale.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention will be further clearly and completely described with reference to the following specific examples. It is to be understood that the described embodiments are merely a few embodiments of the invention and are not to be taken as the full scope of the invention. Therefore, based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without any inventive work belong to the scope of the present invention.
Photoperiod 16 (L: D) hours, where L refers to day, D refers to night, 16 (L: D) refers to day light for 16 hours, and night dark for 8 hours.
The light intensity of 20% was obtained by classifying the light intensity in the incubator into 100%, 80%, 60%, 40% and 20%.
Example 1
The preparation method of the Spodoptera frugiperda larva artificial feed comprises the following steps:
(1) The following components were weighed: 100g of soybean, 100g of wheat flour, 60g of yeast powder, 2g of glacial acetic acid, 4g of ascorbic acid, 2g of sorbic acid, 2g of methyl p-hydroxybenzoate, 0.8g of cholesterol, 16g of agar and 1000g of water;
(2) Putting the soybean powder, the yeast powder and the wheat flour in the step (1) into an autoclave, sterilizing for 30min under the conditions of 1.0MPa of pressure and 121 ℃, and taking out the obtained product for later use;
(3) Dissolving the sorbic acid in the step (1) into glacial acetic acid;
(4) Uniformly stirring the ascorbic acid, the sorbic acid, the methyl p-hydroxybenzoate and the cholesterol in the step (1) and 5% -10% of water in the step (1) to obtain a mixed product;
(5) Mixing the product obtained in the step (2) with the mixed product obtained in the steps (3) and (4), adding 10-20% of water obtained in the step (1), and uniformly stirring again to obtain a secondary mixed product;
(6) Putting the agar in the step (1) into the residual water used in the steps (3) to (5) in the step (1), and melting at 100 ℃ to obtain an agar liquid;
(7) And (4) adding the agar liquid obtained in the step (6) into the product obtained in the step (5) and uniformly stirring to obtain the artificial feed.
The Spodoptera frugiperda is fed by the prepared feed, and the feeding method comprises the following steps:
(1) Hatching and managing eggs, namely putting collected spodoptera frugiperda oviposition cloth into a refrigerator at the temperature of about 15-16 ℃ for 8-9 days, putting the spodoptera frugiperda oviposition cloth to be bred into a light incubator at the temperature of 28-30 ℃ and with a photoperiod of 16 (L: D) hours for hatching, putting the spodoptera frugiperda oviposition cloth into a peracetic acid solution of 1000mg/L for disinfection for 15-20 minutes after hatching for one day, washing the spodoptera frugiperda oviposition cloth for several times by using clear water, drying the water in the shade, and then continuously putting the spodoptera frugiperda oviposition cloth into the light incubator until larvae are hatched;
(2) The hatched spodoptera frugiperda larvae and feed are put into a sterilized plastic box with the length of 30cm, the width of 21cm and the height of 4.5cm for feeding, non-woven fabrics are covered, the plastic box is screwed by a cover, 24 small holes are drilled on the cover, the spodoptera frugiperda semi-artificial feed is added after the first three ages are checked every three days, the spodoptera frugiperda semi-artificial feed is added every two days after the three ages, the spodoptera frugiperda semi-artificial feed is fed in an illumination incubator with the temperature of 28-30 ℃, the light cycle of 16 (L: D) and the illumination intensity of 20%, the larvae are separated and picked out in a box when the three ages are about, and about 90-110 colonies in each box are kept until the larvae are aged;
(3) And (3) managing pupas: putting the aged larvae into a rectangular plastic box with the length, the width and the height of 20cm, the length, the width and the height of 14.5cm and the height of 7cm, filling sandy soil with the height of 5cm and the water content of 10 percent into the box, pupating the aged larvae, enabling the aged larvae to have 60-65 heads per box, checking and changing the Spodoptera frugiperda semi-artificial feed in the first two days, picking the aged larvae out of soil after 4 days of soil-planting and pupating, putting the larvae into the plastic box with the bottom humidified and moistened roll paper, and keeping the roll paper in the box moist until the larvae emerge;
(4) Adult to egg: after eclosion of pupae, co-culturing the eclosion adults, male and female after eclosion, putting into a plastic cage with the length, width and height of 21cm, 13cm and 12cm, placing egg laying cloth and a cotton ball dipped with 10% rape flower honey water in the cage to supplement nutrition for the spodoptera frugiperda adults, replacing the cotton ball every day, and replacing the egg laying cloth every day after egg laying.
Example 2
The preparation method of the Spodoptera frugiperda larva artificial feed comprises the following steps:
(1) The following components were weighed: 1000g of water, 110g of soybean meal, 90g of wheat flour, 60g of yeast powder, 3g of glacial acetic acid, 4g of ascorbic acid, 2g of sorbic acid, 2g of methylparaben, 0.8g of cholesterol and 20g of agar;
(2) Putting the soybean flour, the yeast powder and the wheat flour in the step (1) into an autoclave, sterilizing for 30min under the conditions of 1.0MPa of pressure and 121 ℃ and taking out for later use;
(3) Dissolving sorbic acid in the step (1) into glacial acetic acid and uniformly mixing;
(4) Uniformly stirring the ascorbic acid, the sorbic acid, the methyl p-hydroxybenzoate and the cholesterol in the step (1) and 5% -10% of water in the step (1) to obtain a mixed product;
(5) Mixing the product obtained in the step (2) with the mixed product obtained in the steps (3) and (4), adding 10-20% of water obtained in the step (1), and uniformly stirring again to obtain a secondary mixed product;
(6) Putting the agar in the step (1) into the residual water used in the steps (3) to (5) in the step (1), and melting at 100 ℃ to obtain an agar liquid;
(7) And (4) adding the agar liquid obtained in the step (6) into the product obtained in the step (5) and uniformly stirring to obtain the artificial feed.
The Spodoptera frugiperda is fed by the prepared feed, and the feeding method comprises the following steps:
(1) Hatching and managing eggs, namely putting collected spodoptera frugiperda egg laying cloth into an incubator at about 15-16 ℃ for preservation, putting the spodoptera frugiperda egg cloth to be bred into a light incubator at 28-30 ℃ with a light cycle of 16 (L: D) hours for hatching, putting the incubator into a peracetic acid solution of 1000mg/L for disinfection for 15-20 minutes after hatching for one day, washing the incubator with clear water for several times, drying the water in the shade, and then continuously putting the incubator into a light irradiation incubator for hatching till larvae are hatched;
(2) Feeding hatched spodoptera frugiperda larvae and feed in a sterilized plastic box with the length of 30cm, the width of 21cm and the height of 4.5cm, covering with non-woven fabrics, fastening by using a cover, punching 24 small holes on the cover, checking every day, adding the feed, feeding in a light incubator with the temperature of 28-30 ℃, the light period of 16 (L: D) and the light intensity of 20%, dividing the box at about three ages, selecting out weak larvae, and keeping about 90-110 larvae of each box until the larvae are aged;
(3) And (3) managing pupas: putting the aged larvae into a rectangular plastic box with the length, the width and the height of 20cm, the length, the width and the height of 14.5cm and the height of 7cm, filling sandy soil with the height of 5cm and the water content of 10 percent into the box, pupating the aged larvae, enabling the aged larvae to have 60-65 heads per box, checking and changing the Spodoptera frugiperda semi-artificial feed in the first two days, picking the aged larvae out of soil after 4 days of soil-planting and pupating, putting the larvae into the plastic box with the bottom humidified and moistened roll paper, and keeping the roll paper in the box moist until the larvae emerge;
(4) Adult to egg: after eclosion of pupae, co-culturing the eclosion adults, male and female after eclosion, putting into a plastic cage with the length, width and height of 21cm, 13cm and 12cm, placing egg laying cloth and a cotton ball dipped with 10% rape flower honey water in the cage to supplement nutrition for the spodoptera frugiperda adults, replacing the cotton ball every day, and replacing the egg laying cloth every day after egg laying.
Example 3
The preparation method of the Spodoptera frugiperda larva artificial feed comprises the following steps:
(1) The following components were weighed: 1000g of water, 120g of soybean meal, 80g of wheat flour, 60g of yeast powder, 4g of glacial acetic acid, 4.0g of ascorbic acid, 2g of sorbic acid, 2g of methyl p-hydroxybenzoate, 0.8g of cholesterol and 20g of agar;
(2) Putting the soybean flour, the yeast powder and the wheat flour in the step (1) into an autoclave, sterilizing for 30min under the conditions of 1.0MPa of pressure and 121 ℃ and taking out for later use;
(3) Dissolving the sorbic acid in the step (1) into glacial acetic acid to obtain a sorbic acid-glacial acetic acid mixed product;
(4) Uniformly stirring the ascorbic acid, the sorbic acid, the methyl p-hydroxybenzoate and the cholesterol in the step (1) and 5% -10% of water in the step (1) to obtain a mixed product;
(5) Mixing the product obtained in the step (2) with the mixed product obtained in the steps (3) and (4), adding 10-20% of water obtained in the step (1), and uniformly stirring again to obtain a secondary mixed product;
(6) Putting the agar in the step (1) into the residual water used in the steps (3) to (5) in the step (1), and melting at 100 ℃ to obtain an agar liquid;
(7) And (4) adding the agar liquid obtained in the step (6) into the product obtained in the step (5) and uniformly stirring to obtain the artificial feed.
The Spodoptera frugiperda is fed by the prepared feed, and the feeding method comprises the following steps:
(1) Hatching and managing eggs, namely putting collected spodoptera frugiperda oviposition cloth into an incubator at the temperature of about 15-16 ℃ for 8-9 days, putting the spodoptera frugiperda oviposition cloth to be bred into a light incubator at the temperature of 28-30 ℃ for hatching, putting the spodoptera frugiperda oviposition cloth into a glacial acetic acid solution at the temperature of 1000mg/L for disinfection for 15-20 minutes after hatching for one day, washing the spodoptera frugiperda oviposition cloth with clear water for several times, drying the water in the shade, and then continuously putting the spodoptera frugiperda oviposition cloth into the light incubator until larvae are hatched;
(2) Feeding hatched spodoptera frugiperda larvae and feed in a sterilized plastic box with the length of 30cm, the width of 21cm and the height of 4.5cm, covering non-woven fabrics, fastening by using a cover, punching 24 small holes on the cover, checking every 3 days for the first three ages, adding the feed, checking every two days after the three ages, adding the feed, feeding in an illumination incubator with the temperature of 28-30 ℃, the light cycle of 16 (L: D) and the illumination intensity of 20%, dividing the box and picking out weak larvae when the three ages are about three, and keeping about 90-110 groups of each box until the larvae are aged;
(3) Managing pupae: putting the aged larvae into a rectangular plastic box with the length, the width and the height of 20cm, the length, the width and the height of 14.5cm and the height of 7cm, filling sandy soil with the height of 5cm and the water content of 10 percent into the box, pupating the aged larvae, enabling the aged larvae to have 60-65 heads per box, checking and changing the Spodoptera frugiperda semi-artificial feed in the first two days, picking the aged larvae out of soil after 4 days of soil-planting and pupating, putting the larvae into the plastic box with the bottom humidified and moistened roll paper, and keeping the roll paper in the box moist until the larvae emerge;
(4) Adult to egg: after eclosion of pupae, co-culturing the eclosion adults, male and female after eclosion, putting into a plastic cage with the length, width and height of 21cm, 13cm and 12cm, placing egg laying cloth and a cotton ball dipped with 10% rape flower honey water in the cage to supplement nutrition for the spodoptera frugiperda adults, replacing the cotton ball every day, and replacing the egg laying cloth every day after egg laying.
Comparative example 1
The formula of the artificial feed for spodoptera frugiperda larvae comprises the following components: 100g of soybean meal, 100g of corn meal, 60g of yeast powder, 2g of sorbic acid, 2g of methylparaben, 0.8g of cholesterol, 16g of agar and 1000g of water. An artificial feed was prepared by referring to the preparation methods of examples 1 to 3 of the present invention.
Comparative example 2
Fresh corn leaves were used to breed spodoptera frugiperda larvae as controls.
The method comprises the following steps of respectively feeding Spodoptera frugiperda in 20 th generation of Spodoptera frugiperda hatched larvae in a laboratory by using artificial feeds prepared in experimental examples 1-3 and comparative example 1 and corn leaves in comparative example 2 in the same feeding appliance under the same condition, wherein the artificial feeds comprise the following specific components:
using examples 1-3 and comparative examples 1, 2 to respectively breed 600 spodoptera frugiperda larvae and repeat for 5 times, 3000 larvae in total, the first three instars are changed for 1 time every 3 days, the artificial feed of examples 1-3 is changed for 1 time every 2 days after the three instars, the corn leaf blade of comparative example 2 is changed and added for 1 time every 24 hours in the first three instars, the artificial feed of comparative example 1 is changed for 1 time every 2 days, the fresh corn leaf blade of comparative example 2 is changed for 24 hours every day after the three instars, and the survival rate and the growth period, the pupal weight and the pupal rate of the larvae are counted by observing twice daily for 8, 18 00. And (2) putting the Spodoptera frugiperda pupae repeatedly obtained by each treatment into a self-made adult eclosion spawning cage, feeding 10% rape flower honey water, moisturizing with a wet towel, placing spawning cloth in the cage, recording the number of spawning blocks every day when the adults spawn, calculating the average spawning amount of single female, and finally comprehensively evaluating the feeding effect of each group of feeds by 5 indexes such as larva survival rate, development period, pupation rate, adult eclosion rate, spawning and the like.
TABLE 1 comparison of the feeding effect of Spodoptera frugiperda in each group of feeds
As shown in Table 1, the average survival rate of larvae of Spodoptera frugiperda fed with the semi-artificial feed obtained in examples 1-3 of the method of the invention is 87.11%, the average pupation rate of 90.59% in 12.34 days of the development period of the larvae is 0.20767g, the average pupation weight is 0.19367 and the average egg laying amount is 538.45 granules.
The average survival rate, development period and pupation rate of the larvae of the comparative example 1 and the comparative example 2 are 86.13% and 70.53%, 12.32 days and 13.27 days, 88.21% and 68.13%, respectively; average pupa weight, female 0.198g and male 0.182g in comparative example 1, female 0.187g and male 0.178g in comparative example 2; average egg production was 468.25 for comparative example 1 and 413.21 for comparative example 2.
The survival rate, pupation weight and egg laying amount of the larvae are all higher than those of the comparative example 1 and are higher than those of the Spodoptera frugiperda bred by the corn leaves of the comparative example 2.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, but not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; and such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The composition for preparing the Spodoptera frugiperda semi-artificial feed is characterized by comprising the following components in parts by weight: 100-120 parts of soybean meal, 60 parts of beer yeast powder, 80-100 parts of wheat flour, 2-4 parts of glacial acetic acid, 4 parts of ascorbic acid, 2 parts of sorbic acid, 2 parts of methyl p-hydroxybenzoate, 0.8 part of cholesterol, 16-20 parts of agar and 1000 parts of water.
2. A process for preparing a Spodoptera frugiperda semi-artificial feed as claimed in claim 1,
s1: weighing the components in parts by weight according to the claim 1;
s2: autoclaving said soy flour, said wheat flour and said brewer's yeast powder to obtain a mixed product 1;
s3: mixing the sorbic acid and the glacial acetic acid, and dissolving to obtain a mixed product 2;
s4: mixing the ascorbic acid, the methylparaben and the cholesterol with water to obtain a mixed product 3;
s5: mixing the mixed product 1, the mixed product 2 and the mixed product 3, and adding water to obtain a mixed product 4;
s6: mixing the agar with the rest water to obtain agar liquid;
s7: and mixing the agar solution with the mixed product 4 to obtain the spodoptera frugiperda semi-artificial feed.
3. The preparation method according to claim 2, characterized in that the amount of water used in S4 is 5% -10% of the weighed total amount of water in S1, and the amount of water used in S5 is 10% -20% of the weighed total amount of water in S1; the using amount of the water in the S6 is 70-85% of the total amount of the water in the S1.
4. The spodoptera frugiperda semi-artificial feed is characterized in that the spodoptera frugiperda semi-artificial feed is prepared by the preparation method of claim 2.
5. A method for feeding Spodoptera frugiperda with the semi-artificial feed for Spodoptera frugiperda as claimed in claim 4, which comprises the following steps:
s1: hatching and managing eggs: incubating Spodoptera frugiperda larvae by using an illumination incubator;
s2: feeding Spodoptera frugiperda larvae hatched in the S1 in a rectangular plastic box by using the Spodoptera frugiperda semi-artificial feed to obtain mature larvae;
s3: managing pupae: in a new rectangular plastic box, adopting sandy loam to pupate the aged larvae to obtain Spodoptera frugiperda imagoes;
s4: adult to egg: after pupae eclosion, laying egg laying cloth and food in a plastic cage, and polyculturing male and female adults to obtain Spodoptera frugiperda eggs.
6. The method of claim 7, wherein the S1 light incubator is maintained under the following conditions: the temperature is 28-30 ℃, the photoperiod is 16 hours in the day and 8 hours at night; s2, the breeding conditions of the illumination incubator are as follows: the temperature is 28-30 ℃, the photoperiod is 16 hours in the day and 8 hours at night, and the illumination intensity is 20%.
7. The method as claimed in claim 7, wherein the rectangular plastic case is used as a cover for spodoptera frugiperda in S2.
8. The method according to claim 7, wherein the Spodoptera frugiperda semi-artificial feed is added to the S2 after three days before the Spodoptera frugiperda is examined and once after three days after the Spodoptera frugiperda is examined.
9. The method of claim 7, wherein the rectangular plastic box in S2 is 30cm long, 21cm wide and 4.5cm high; in S3, the rectangular plastic box is 20cm long, 14.5cm wide and 7cm high; in S4, the plastic cage is 21cm long, 13cm wide and 12cm high.
10. Use of the composition of claim 1, the semi-artificial feed for spodoptera frugiperda of claim 4 and/or the method of feeding spodoptera frugiperda of claim 5 for long-term large-scale mass rearing of spodoptera frugiperda.
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