CN103300257B - Artificial feed for bactrocera dorsalis larvas - Google Patents
Artificial feed for bactrocera dorsalis larvas Download PDFInfo
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- CN103300257B CN103300257B CN201310287630.7A CN201310287630A CN103300257B CN 103300257 B CN103300257 B CN 103300257B CN 201310287630 A CN201310287630 A CN 201310287630A CN 103300257 B CN103300257 B CN 103300257B
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Abstract
The invention discloses an artificial feed for bactrocera dorsalis larvas. The artificial feed comprises the following components: a main agent, a filling agent, a preservative, an acidity regulator and water, wherein the main agent contains beer yeast and cane sugar; the filling agent contains wheat bran, finely crushed corn particles and sanitary paper pulp; the preservative contains methyl parahydroxybenzoats; the acidity regulator contains hydrochloric acid and an alkaline neutralizer or an acid neutralizer. The artificial feed for the bactrocera dorsalis larvas is simple, efficient, economical, practical, and easy to operate; the technical problem for largely and artificially feeding the bactrocera dorsalis indoors is completely solved, a large amount of uniformly-developing bactrocera dorsalis larva sources to be tested are provided for a steaming and quarantine treatment technology of mangoes and pawpaws exported to Japan, an important technical support is provided for smoothly exporting Chinese mangoes and pawpaws to Japan, important larva sources to be tested are provided for each future scientific experiment of the bactrocera dorsalis, the development of an artificial feeding technology of the Chinese bactrocera dorsalis is effectively promoted, and therefore, the organic combination of ecological, economical and social benefits is realized.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to agricultural biological technical field, be specifically related to a kind of excellent citrus fruit fly larva artificial feed formula.
Background technology
Citrus fruit fly Bactrocera dorsalis Hendel, also known as orient fruit fly, belong to Diptera Diptera, Tephritidae Tephritidae, Dacinae Dacinae, Bactrocera Bactrocera Macquart, can endanger 46 section 250 various fruits, flowers and vegetables, for China enters the territory plant quarantine harmful organism, it is a kind of international quarantine insect with Important Economic meaning.Citrus fruit fly originates in and is distributed in India and the Malay Peninsula, mainly be distributed in Tropical Asian and subtropical zone, along with Global climate change and international trade contact day by day frequent, its distribution expands gradually, has now become the dangerous fruits and vegetables insect that China, Southeast Asia, the Indian subcontinent and Hawaiian Islands one are with.Citrus fruit fly is also the trend expanded in the damaging range of China, and has the sign that north is expanded.Because China some areas are the epidemic-stricken area of citrus fruit fly, the fruit of China, vegetables and flower export are severely limited.Citrus fruit fly is laid eggs on fruit mainly through adult, and the larva after hatching is caused harm fresh fruit meat in fruit, causes fruit rot, shedding, has a strong impact on the quality and yield of fruit, bring huge loss to agricultural production.
Along with the development of the deepening continuously of studying such as citrus fruit fly biology, physiology, science of heredity and Prevention Technique, what a large amount of growth of needs was consistent supplies examination worm source, and is subject to seasonal restrictions, the impossible year-round supply of natural feed, therefore, explore and research citrus fruit fly man-made feeds just particularly important.Foreign scholar Finney has successfully raised the insects such as citrus fruit fly in 1956 with the larva artificial feed of fresh carrot, sucrose, torula, antibiotic composition first, but feed is easily subject to the pollution of microorganism; The scholars such as Mitchell use dehydration carrot meal instead in nineteen sixty-five and replace the larva artificial feed mass rearing citrus fruit fly made of fresh carrot, but with high costs; Vargas develops with economical and practical wheat bran for filler in nineteen eighty-three, and sucrose and yeast are the man-made feeds of host, successful mass rearing citrus fruit fly.But because domestic and international man-made feeds standard is different and the reason such as citrus fruit fly geographic difference, add the diversity that man-made feeds are filled a prescription and complexity, and studies in China work such as to be started late at the factor, still has certain gap compared with abroad.Current domestic scholars king prolongs life, Yuan Shengyong, high-strength, the research of the scholars such as Li Lili to citrus fruit fly larva artificial feed achieves certain achievement in research, but its formula is only single filler with wheat bran or other certain material, adopt the man-made feeds breeding grub of above-mentioned formulated, the physical behavior of its feed, comprise shape, hardness, water content and the uniformity etc. are not well positioned to meet the requirement of larva healthy development, the antisepsis of feed is not good enough simultaneously, later stage often goes mouldy and produces peculiar smell, easy corrosion experiment equipment, the health of infringement operating personnel.
State Administration for Quality Supervision and Inspection and Quarantine repeatedly sends the documents requirement in recent years, solves the steaming quarantining treatment technical barrier of China's export mango and pawpaw as early as possible, to realize the fresh fruit outlets such as domestic high-quality mango and papaya early and to capture overseas market.And according to Japanese side requirement, citrus fruit fly quarantine steaming treatment measures, need to be provided as ten thousand more than one hundred million physiological standards consistent, the larva that vitality is vigorous, in view of domestic citrus fruit fly larva artificial feed present Research, and the urgency utilizing the genetic improvement such as insect sterile technique and transgenosis technology to carry out citrus fruit fly genetic control technical research and apply, thus develop excellent, economical and practical citrus fruit fly larva artificial feed, every scientific experimentation research for citrus fruit fly provide grow consistent a large amount of, the confession examination worm source of reliable in quality, it is the significant task of current citrus fruit fly artificial diet technique.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide a kind of excellent citrus fruit fly larva artificial feed.Citrus fruit fly larvae feeds of the present invention is simply efficient, economic and practical, be easy to operation, thoroughly solve the technical barrier of citrus fruit fly indoors artificial mass rearing, for defeated day mango with pawpaw steaming quarantining treatment technology provide a large amount of grow consistent with examination worm source, important technical support is provided for China's mango and pawpaw export Japan smoothly, and be that citrus fruit fly every scientific experiment in the future provides important confession examination worm source, by the development of China trypetid artificial diet technique effectively promoted, thus realize combination that is ecological, economic and social benefit three.
To achieve these goals, technical scheme of the present invention is: provide a kind of citrus fruit fly larva artificial feed, composition comprises host, filler, anticorrisive agent, acidity regulator and water, optimum proportioning and concrete compound method, and its particular content is as follows:
1), host-brewer's yeast and sucrose
Brewer's yeast and each 25g of sucrose, wherein brewer's yeast mainly provides the citrus fruit fly protein that growth needs and vitamin, and citrus fruit fly grows required B family vitamin; Sucrose is desirable carbon source, mainly provides carbohydrate, and be the necessary material that citrus fruit fly normal growth is grown, its larva being gone through to the ontogeny parameters such as phase, survival rate, percentage of pupation, eclosion rate all has remarkable impact, and wherein sucrose is white sugar.
2), filler-wheat bran, corn fine particle, health paper pulp
Filler corn fine particle 125g, wheat bran 25g, health paper pulp 20g, for citrus fruit fly supplements abundant nitrogenous source, some vitamin and crude fibre and unrighted acid, make the quality of feed can meet the characteristic of ingesting of its larva, and meet the packing action of citrus fruit fly nutrition quality and quantity.
3), anticorrisive agent-methyl p-hydroxybenzoate
Anticorrisive agent-methyl p-hydroxybenzoate 0.9g, kills various mould in feed, prevents feed putrid and deteriorated.
4), acidity regulator-hydrochloric acid
Acidity regulator-1mol/L hydrochloric acid 4ml, controls feed pH value about 4.0-5.0, prevents growth of microorganism; Regulate feed viscosity, to adapt to needs of ingesting.
5), water-400ml
Under normal operation, man-made feeds formula (B20) after adopting the present invention to optimize: corn fine particle (cooking) 125g, wheat bran 25g, white sugar 25g, brewer's yeast 25g, health paper pulp 20g, 1mol/L hydrochloric acid 4ml, anticorrisive agent (methyl p-hydroxybenzoate) 0.9g, its larva normal development can be guaranteed, feed can be kept again not go mouldy lastingly and free from extraneous odour, be suitable for the artificial mass rearing of indoor citrus fruit fly larva.Wherein corn and wheat bran are as filler, can supplement for larva and comparatively enrich comprehensive nutrition, taking food and growing and all have good facilitation its larva, also feed modest viscosity is made, be beneficial to larval growth to grow, solve only using wheat bran as single filler, cause the not enough hypogenetic shortcoming of Larval foods; The reasonable employment of hydrochloric acid and methyl p-hydroxybenzoate amount, makes the man-made feeds after optimizing not go mouldy, completely eliminates peculiar smell, solve corrosion instrument and equipment and the technical barrier affecting personnel health.Fill a prescription its filial generation incubation rate of citrus fruit fly, percentage of pupation, eclosion rate and average pupa of the present invention is wherein adopted heavily to be respectively; 81.17 ± 0.05%, 96.41 ± 0.02%, 94.85 ± 0.01%, 19.40 ± 0.08mg, all apparently higher than the man-made feeds formula of single filler, the formula that to be also obviously better than with wheat bran and wheat germ be mixed filler.In 22 kinds of larva artificial feeds of test, the man-made feeds formula with single filler is obviously better than with mixed filler formula, wherein mixed filler wheat bran and corn formulation are totally better than wheat germ and wheat bran, wherein the feeding effect of A5, A13, B14 and B20 is better, but the filial generation incubation rate the highest (81.17% ± 0.05%) of B20, next is A5(79.83 ± 0.06%), but the present invention fills a prescription, heavy (19.40 ± 0.08) mg of the average pupa of B20 and eclosion rate (94.85 ± 0.01%) are apparently higher than A5 (13.61 ± 1.87) mg and (86.45 ± 0.04 %); From the Integrated comparative of several indexs, the man-made feeds of citrus fruit fly larva are optimum with the B20 that fills a prescription.
Citrus fruit fly larva formula of the present invention is simple efficient, economic and practical, be easy to operation, thoroughly solve the technical barrier of citrus fruit fly indoors artificial mass rearing, for defeated day mango with pawpaw steaming quarantining treatment technology provide a large amount of grow consistent with examination worm source, important technical support is provided for China's mango and pawpaw export Japan smoothly, and be that citrus fruit fly every scientific experiment in the future provides important confession examination worm source, by the development of China trypetid artificial diet technique effectively promoted, thus realize combination that is ecological, economic and social benefit three.The present invention grows protein at comprehensive citrus fruit fly of analyzing, carbohydrate, on the basis of the nutrient requirement such as vitamin, first (wound) with corn flour and wheat bran for mixed filler, and take into full account the impact of physicochemical property on larvae development of formula forage, by larvae feeds formula orthogonal Latin Optimum Experiment, the good formulas developing the artificial feeding of applicable domestic citrus fruit fly larva of innovation, thoroughly solving single filler nutritional labeling not enough and later stage goes mouldy the technical barrier of generation peculiar smell, for China pawpaw and mango export Japanese quarantining treatment technology provide grow consistent a large amount of, the confession examination worm source of reliable in quality, and obtain Japanese side's accreditation, achieve good ecology, economic and social benefit.
Detailed description of the invention
In order to describe in detail citrus fruit fly larva artificial feed of the present invention formula technology contents, operating process etc., be described further below in conjunction with embodiment.
Citrus fruit fly man-made feeds of the present invention, mainly comprise corn fine particle (cooking) 125g, wheat bran 25g, white sugar 25g, brewer's yeast 25g, health paper pulp 20g, 1mol/L hydrochloric acid 4ml, anticorrisive agent (methyl p-hydroxybenzoate) 0.9g, its concrete preparation steps is as follows:
1) (amount) is claimed to get various composition in formula with assay balance and pipettor stand-by;
2) paper handkerchief is put in automatic pulper breaks into even paper pulp;
3) white sugar, brewer's yeast and methyl hydroxybenzoate are dissolved by suitable quantity of water, mixes, slowly stir in impouring paper pulp;
4) stir pouring in hydrochloric acid again after above composition mixing;
5) with antalkali (calcium carbonate) or acid acceptor organic acid (acetic acid), the man-made feeds prepared being adjusted to pH value is 4.0 ~ 5.0, for subsequent use;
6) ovum of about 10,000 is evenly accessed in man-made feeds, carry out the raising about 20 days of larva.
Other formula is with formula (table 1) of the present invention and compare (table 2) the feeding effect of citrus fruit fly larva,
As apparent from table 2 can, contained by the quality of larva raising effect and feed medium, the height of nutritional labeling is closely related, and the main nutrient composition of wheat bran is aobvious lower than corn and wheat germ, therefore lower, the average pupa of filial generation incubation rate is heavy also less.In addition, the suitability degree of feed physicochemical character is also one of factor affecting larvae development, and excessive with the man-made feeds viscosity that wheat germ is mixed with as medium, thus feeding effect is still undesirable; Wheat bran makes medium also its advantage, is rich in the cellulose needed for larvae development, and good water suction, water retention characteristic are conducive to the physicochemical character improving solid-state feed.Blending agent corn+wheat bran is compared with wheat germ+wheat bran, and the general effect of raising citrus fruit fly is relatively better, and except filial generation incubation rate is roughly the same with both percentage of pupations, average pupa weight and eclosion rate are all higher than the latter.From the Integrated comparative of several indexs, the man-made feeds of citrus fruit fly larva are optimum with B20.
Table 1 citrus fruit fly larva artificial feed formula table
Note: CK1-CK4 is domestic traditional Single Medium man-made feeds formula; A5-A13 is wheat germ and wheat bran Latin orthogonal optimization formula; B14-B22 is corn and wheat bran Latin orthogonal optimization formula.
Tangerine small grub effectiveness comparison raised by table 2 different formulations man-made feeds
Note: in table, data are average ± standard deviations, with indicating different letter representation after column data through Duncan ' s duncan's new multiple range method inspection otherness significantly (P < 0.05)
Test method and biological parameter statistical description:
1) test method
Get and raise 66, box, every 22 boxes are that a test repeats, and amount to 3 repetitions.On the paper handkerchief that every box access 200, ovum is completed in feed surface, cover with gobo again after covering lid, raise under being placed in the condition of receptacle.Take food when namely larva after egg hatching pierces in feed, be developed to maturation.
2) percentage of pupation and average pupa weight
When most larvae development to 3 age, larva raising box being placed in diameter is on the support in 150 cm basins, the mature larva after opening the lid with spring habit is successively jumped in water in basin, 3 instar larvae is collected 1 time every 1.5 h, each choosing wherein 100 put into case of pupating and enter the slightly wet sand bed in bottom for it and pupate, after 3 d pupate to terminate, sieve sand get pupa.Its pupa number and pupa gross weight recorded and added up respectively, its percentage of pupation and average pupa weight calculated.
Percentage of pupation (%)=pupa number/confession examination 3 instar larvae number × 100
Heavy (mg)=pupa gross weight (the mg)/pupa number of average pupa
3) eclosion rate
The citrus fruit fly pupa (counting) collected is put into bottom and be covered with the plastic bowl (diameter 10cm) that a layer depth is about the wet sand of 2cm cleaning, be placed in rearging cage, after adult all sprouts wings, check and record the puparium number (=emerging adult number) of having sprouted wings and the pupa number of not sprouting wings, calculate its eclosion rate.
Eclosion rate (%)=emerging adult number/confession examination pupa number × 100
4) filial generation incubation rate
Citrus fruit fly adult after emergence is after raising and entering the egg-laying season, and get in 200, ovum access different formulations larva artificial feed and raise, inspection record larvae number after 6 d, calculates its filial generation egg hatching rate.
Filial generation incubation rate (%)=larvae number/confession examination ovum number × 100
Above disclosedly be only preferred embodiment of the present invention, certainly can not limit the interest field of the present invention with this, therefore according to the equivalent variations that the claims in the present invention are done, still belong to the scope that the present invention is contained.
Claims (1)
1. a citrus fruit fly larva artificial feed, is characterized in that: composition comprises brewer's yeast 25g, sucrose 25g, wheat bran 25g, the corn fine particle 125g boiled, health paper pulp 20g, 1mol/L hydrochloric acid 4ml, methyl p-hydroxybenzoate 0.9g, water 300ml, calcium carbonate or acetic acid; This citrus fruit fly larva artificial feed pH value is 4.0 ~ 5.0.
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| CN104095151B (en) * | 2013-04-02 | 2016-10-19 | 湖南师范大学 | A kind of citrus fruit fly larva meridic diet and preparation method thereof |
| CN103315183B (en) * | 2013-07-10 | 2015-05-20 | 海南出入境检验检疫局热带植物隔离检疫中心 | Artificial feed for melon fly larvae |
| CN104431439A (en) * | 2014-11-19 | 2015-03-25 | 湖南师范大学 | Artificial feed for adult bactrocera minax, and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN106036259A (en) * | 2016-05-30 | 2016-10-26 | 中国农业科学院植物保护研究所 | Artificial feed for larval delia antiqua (Meigen) as well as preparation method of artificial feed and raising method of larval delia antiqua (Meigen) |
| CN106173568A (en) * | 2016-07-22 | 2016-12-07 | 红河学院 | A kind of Fructus Capsici trypetid larva artificial feed and preparation method thereof |
| CN106689826A (en) * | 2016-12-05 | 2017-05-24 | 长沙秋点兵信息科技有限公司 | Ceratitis capitata larva feed capable of shortening hatching period |
| CN109699853A (en) * | 2019-02-28 | 2019-05-03 | 朱纪 | A kind of feed and its application method improving fly Hylemyia Platura Meigen egg laying amount |
| CN111466342B (en) * | 2020-04-15 | 2022-03-15 | 青岛农业大学 | Method for collecting mature larvae, pupae and imagoes of bactrocera dorsalis |
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| CN101066096A (en) * | 2007-03-30 | 2007-11-07 | 广东省农业科学院果树研究所 | Artificial raising of orange fly larva |
| CN102578425B (en) * | 2012-03-14 | 2014-02-19 | 中国农业科学院植物保护研究所 | Artificial diet for Lepidopterous young larvae, preparation method for artificial diet and application of artificial diet |
| CN102640867A (en) * | 2012-04-28 | 2012-08-22 | 中国热带农业科学院环境与植物保护研究所 | Artificial feed for feeding fruit fly and method for feeding fruit fly |
| CN102987165A (en) * | 2012-12-27 | 2013-03-27 | 福建农林大学 | South Asia trypetid larva artificial feed |
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