CN102613444A - Breeding method of leech juveniles, liquid feed and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Breeding method of leech juveniles, liquid feed and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a liquid feed of leech juveniles and a method for breeding leech juveniles by using the liquid feed. The feed is obtained by sufficiently and uniformly mixing 200-300 ml bovine serum, 30-60 g raw eggs, 30-50 g glucose, 10-25 g soybean meal, 1-5 g calcium carbonate, 0.01-0.05 % of complex vitamin, 5-15 g blood powder and 3-7 g yeast according to a formula, adding distilled water to a mixture to 500 ml, and adjusting the pH value of the mixture to 7.0. The breeding method comprises the following steps of: absorbing the liquid feed by using a large-aperture sponge with specification of 300x250x30 mm as a carrier; and reducing the long growth period of the leeches from juveniles to youths to 20 days by using a method of enabling hatched leech juveniles to naturally suck the feed on the sponge according to the density of 1500 juveniles per juvenile cylinder, wherein the average individual weight is about 0.28 g per one juvenile and the survival rate is kept at more than 96%. By using the feeding method of the liquid feed, provided by the invention, the optimal number and qualities of commercial juveniles can be achieved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to leech and propagate the field artificially, relate in particular to liquid feed prescription and the method for breeding of a kind of leech seedling.
Background technology
Leech is under the jurisdiction of Annelida (Annelida) on animal classification, the general designation of Hirudinea (Hirrdinea) is commonly called as leech, leech and interior awl etc.Have 500 kinds in the world approximately at present, China has found there are 10 kinds approximately.Leech as herein described is meant eurysome golden thread leech (Whitmania pigra Whitman).Usually living in freshwater lake, river, pond, irrigation canals and ditches and the rice terrace under the nature condition.Eurysome golden thread leech is not sucked blood, and is main with body fluid or the parenchima of sucking invertebrate mainly, like spiral shell, freshwater mussel, earthworm, aquatic insect larva and planktonic organism etc., gets the humus in drinking water face or the bank soil sometimes yet.Leech is the traditional extraordinary medicinal aquatic animal of China, is " one of Chinese medicine that Chinese pharmacopoeia (version in 2010) is included.Its dried product is concocted the back traditional Chinese medical science and is used as medicine, and has effects such as treatment apoplexy, hypertension, the clear stasis of blood, amenorrhoea, traumatic injury.It is the primary raw material of dredging the Chinese patent drug of numerous treatment cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases such as blood is logical, brain blood health at present.Along with modern medicine to the deepening continuously and develop of leech, discovered in recent years leech preparation has special efficacy at anticancer aspect, therefore, its medical value improves day by day, leech one of the well sold and in short supply Chinese medicine that become international.Because of abuse such as agricultural chemicals, chemical fertilizer and industrial or agricultural " three wastes " are to the pollution of environment in recent years, wild natural resources falls sharply, and along with the deep development of leech medical value, its domestic and international market potential of demand is huge.
Relevant leech rearing method is a lot, comprising the artificial breeding seedling.Can normally select the leech seedling (body weight 0.19-0.28g/ bar is about the long 1.7-2.6cm of perhaps natural situation lower body) about about 1 monthly age for use by commercial seedling sale leech seedling on the market.Yet, the common body weight 0.05-0.08g/ bar of leech larva that hatching is just come out, the long 0.4-0.8cm of body.Can't directly get mollusks such as food spiral shell this moment, if the seedling that will just hatch is out put into and cultures the pond, its death rate badly influences leech output up to 85-90%.So need artificial the nursing meticulously to reach commercial seedling and just can put in a suitable place to breed in field, pool and the pond later on and raise.At present pile fermentations such as the employing weeds that have of leech starter diet and the excrement of animals method of becoming thoroughly decomposed prepares; The employing fish meal that has, shrimp med and fresh spiral shell or freshwater mussel are pulverized the back stirring and form.For immature leech seedling, the starter diet of method for preparing is subalimentation on the one hand, and growth of seedling is slow; Utilization rate is low on the other hand, because feeding method in the water body is directly rendered in many employings, remaining residue tends to the polluted-water environment that rots, and causes immature leech mortality, directly has influence on the output and the quality of leech finished product.Therefore, be the key point that is related to the hirudiniculture win or lose from the height of hatching the leech seedling survival rate its early stage artificial feeding process of coming out.
Therefore, to the technical problem that exists in the prior art, be necessary to provide liquid feed prescription and the method for breeding of a kind of leech seedling of improvement, to overcome above-mentioned defective.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, the object of the present invention is to provide liquid feed and the method for breeding of the leech seedling of a kind of output that can improve the leech finished product and quality.
For realizing above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides following technical scheme:
The liquid feed of a kind of leech seedling, it comprises 200-300ml cow's serum, 30-60g raw egg, 30-50g glucose, 10-25g dregs of beans, 1-5g calcium carbonate, 0.01-0.05% B B-complex (w/v), 5-15g blood meal, 3-7g saccharomycete and distilled water 500ml.
Preferably; In the liquid feed of above-mentioned leech seedling, said liquid feed comprises 250ml cow's serum, 50g raw egg, 30g glucose, 20g dregs of beans, 1.5g calcium carbonate, 0.04% B B-complex (w/v), 10g blood meal, 5g saccharomycete and distilled water 500ml.
The collocation method of the liquid feed of a kind of leech seedling; This method is specially: with adding distil water is to 500ml behind 200-300ml cow's serum, 30-60g raw egg, 30-50g glucose, 10-25g dregs of beans, 1-5g calcium carbonate, 0.01-0.05% B B-complex (w/v), 5-15g blood meal and the abundant mixing of 3-7g saccharomycete, adjust pH is 7.0.
The method for breeding of a kind of leech seedling is characterized in that: this method for breeding uses the described liquid feed of claim 1, and this method for breeding comprises the steps:
(1) hatching of leech seedling:
A1, selective body focus on the physically fit adult kind leech of 18-22g/ bar, after sterilization, put into the glass cylinder of growing seedlings and lay eggs, and control is grown seedlings in the cylinder water temperature at 20 ℃, and the leech mating also pierces and produces cocoon during a side is loosened the soil in the cylinder;
9-11 days began to artificially collect after A2, leech laid eggs, and got the ovum cocoon of giving birth in 3 days and were emitted on the loose earth surfaces of preserving moisture of an incubator bottom, and the incubator side has air-vent, on the ovum cocoon, covers 2 layers of gauze, on gauze, covers the soft earth of one deck again;
A3, incubator concentrated put into a climatic chamber, temperature is controlled at 24-26 ℃, and the humidity of earth is controlled at 60%RH, and relative air humidity remains on 80-85%RH in the case;
A4,5-10 days leech seedling of process hatch out;
(2) the leech seedling raises and train
B1, the wide-aperture sponge of 300 * 250 * 30mm specification is immersed in the liquid feed 1 hour, lets sponge fully receive liquid feed;
B2, the leech seedling that will just hatch out are put into glass that the bottom is placed with sponge according to constant density and grow seedlings in the cylinder, and above the cylinder of growing seedlings, hide gauze in order to avoid the leech seedling escapes;
B3, every day and evening let the leech seedling on sponge, suck each 2 hours at 7 at 11 respectively in the morning, and adopt water spray means to keep growing seedlings cylinder humidity;
Goad leech into action with 30% salt solution thorn after B4, each leech suck and all wash away, with the nylon mesh screen leech seedling is fished for out immediately then, discard salt solution, and clean sponge subsequent use from sponge;
B5, the leech of pulling out move to respectively in the cylinder of growing seedlings that depth of water 15cm is housed in addition, and the top of the cylinder of growing seedlings is provided with anti-escape net, and cobble is put into as the base in the bottom, 10 of every mornings and 8 oxygenations in evening 2 times, each 0.5 hour;
Repeat B6, every day the feeding process of B3, change the liquid feed in the sponge every day.
Preferably, in the method for breeding of above-mentioned leech seedling, the density of leech seedling is 1500 among the said step B2.
Preferably, in the method for breeding of above-mentioned leech seedling, the leech seedling that said method for breeding is raised is an eurysome golden thread leech.
Preferably, in the method for breeding of above-mentioned leech seedling, the said glass cylinder specification of growing seedlings is 40 * 30 * 20cm.
Preferably, in the method for breeding of above-mentioned leech seedling, the nylon mesh screen among the said step B4 is 80 order nylon mesh screens.
Preferably, in the method for breeding of above-mentioned leech seedling, water body pH is between 6～7 among the said step B5, and water temperature remains between 20-30 ℃, and dissolved oxygen amount is greater than 8 mg/litre.
Can find out from technique scheme; The liquid feed of the leech seedling of the embodiment of the invention and use this liquid feed to raise the method for leech seedling; Can make seedling to young seedling shorten to 20 days growth period; Average whose body weight is about the 0.28g/ bar, and survival rate remains on more than 96%, uses the feeding method of liquid feed of the present invention can reach the best commodity quality and quantity with seedling.
The specific embodiment
The present invention can only suck small aquatile or aquatic animal body fluid according to the leech seedling that comes out of hatching just in natural environment, can not get the characteristics of food than the mcroorganism body, creates through repetition test research.
The invention discloses the liquid feed of a kind of leech seedling, it comprises 200-300ml cow's serum, 30-60g raw egg, 30-50g glucose, 10-25g dregs of beans, 1-5g calcium carbonate, 0.01-0.05% B B-complex (w/v), 5-15g blood meal, 3-7g saccharomycete and distilled water 500ml.
In the preferred embodiment, liquid feed comprises 250ml cow's serum, 50g raw egg, 30g glucose, 20g dregs of beans, 1.5g calcium carbonate, 0.04% B B-complex (w/v), 10g blood meal, 5g saccharomycete and distilled water 500ml.
The invention also discloses the collocation method of the liquid feed of a kind of leech seedling; This method is specially: with adding distil water is to 500ml behind 200-300ml cow's serum, 30-60g raw egg, 30-50g glucose, 10-25g dregs of beans, 1-5g calcium carbonate, 0.01-0.05% B B-complex (w/v), 5-15g blood meal and the abundant mixing of 3-7g saccharomycete, adjust pH is 7.0.
The invention also discloses the method for breeding of a kind of leech seedling, this method for breeding uses above-mentioned liquid feed, and this method for breeding comprises the steps:
(1) hatching of leech seedling:
A1, selective body focus on the physically fit adult kind leech of 18-22g/ bar, after sterilization, put into the glass cylinder of growing seedlings and lay eggs, and control is grown seedlings in the cylinder water temperature at 20 ℃, and the leech mating also pierces and produces cocoon during a side is loosened the soil in the cylinder;
9-11 days began to artificially collect after A2, leech laid eggs, and got the ovum cocoon of giving birth in 3 days and were emitted on the loose earth surfaces of preserving moisture of an incubator bottom, and the incubator side has air-vent, on the ovum cocoon, covers 2 layers of gauze, on gauze, covers the soft earth of one deck again;
A3, incubator concentrated put into a climatic chamber, temperature is controlled at 24-26 ℃, and the humidity of earth is controlled at 60%RH, and relative air humidity remains on 80-85%RH in the case;
A4,5-10 days leech seedling of process hatch out;
(2) the leech seedling raises and train
B1, the wide-aperture sponge of 300 * 250 * 30mm specification is immersed in the liquid feed 1 hour, lets sponge fully receive liquid feed;
B2, the leech seedling that will just hatch out are put into glass that the bottom is placed with sponge according to constant density and grow seedlings in the cylinder, and above the cylinder of growing seedlings, hide gauze in order to avoid the leech seedling escapes;
B3, every day and evening let the leech seedling on sponge, suck each 2 hours at 7 at 11 respectively in the morning, and adopt water spray means to keep growing seedlings cylinder humidity;
Goad leech into action with 30% salt solution thorn after B4, each leech suck and all wash away, with the nylon mesh screen leech seedling is fished for out immediately then, discard salt solution, and clean sponge subsequent use from sponge;
B5, the leech of pulling out move to respectively in the cylinder of growing seedlings that depth of water 15cm is housed in addition, and the top of the cylinder of growing seedlings is provided with anti-escape net, and cobble is put into as the base in the bottom, 10 of every mornings and 8 oxygenations in evening 2 times, each 0.5 hour;
Repeat B6, every day the feeding process of B3, change the liquid feed in the sponge every day.
Further, the density of leech seedling is 1500 among the said step B2.
Further, the leech seedling of said method for breeding raising is an eurysome golden thread leech.
Further, the said glass cylinder specification of growing seedlings is 40 * 30 * 20cm.
Further, the nylon mesh screen among the said step B4 is 80 order nylon mesh screens.
Further, water body pH is between 6～7 among the said step B5, and water temperature remains between 20-30 ℃, and dissolved oxygen amount is greater than 8 mg/litre.
The liquid feed of the disclosed leech seedling of the invention described above and use this liquid feed to raise the method for leech seedling both is fit to the required whole nutrition of leech seedling development, can shorten the leech growth of seedlings phase again.
To carry out detailed description to the technical scheme in the embodiment of the invention below, obviously, described embodiment only is the present invention's part embodiment, rather than whole embodiment.Based on the embodiment among the present invention, the every other embodiment that those of ordinary skills are obtained under the prerequisite of not making creative work belongs to the scope that the present invention protects.
The used leech seedling of the present invention is adopted and concentrates hatching in the constant indoor temperature constant humidity cabinet, and selective body focuses on the physically fit adult kind leech of 18-22g/ bar, after sterilization, puts into the glass cylinder of growing seedlings and lays eggs, and control is grown seedlings the interior water temperature of cylinder at 20 ℃.The leech mating also pierces in the cylinder side and produces cocoon in loosening the soil.Leech lays eggs and began to artificially collect in back about 10 days.Get the ovum cocoon of giving birth in 3 days and be emitted on the loose earth surfaces of preserving moisture of incubator bottom, on the ovum cocoon, cover 2 layers of gauze then, on gauze, cover the soft earth of the about 1cm of a layer thickness again, the incubator side has air-vent.Incubator concentrated put into climatic chamber, temperature is controlled at about 25 ℃, and the humidity of earth is controlled at 60%RH, and relative air humidity remains on 80-85%RH in the case.Hatch out through all left and right sides leech, the seedling body weight is between the 0.05-0.08g/ bar at this moment, and natural situation lower body length is between 0.4-0.8cm.The humiture of controlling the leech hatching effectively can make the leech cycle of emerging shorten, and the concentration degree of emerging height is convenient to next step and is just incubated the seedling feeding and management.
The part that the present invention raises the liquid feed of leech seedling comprises 200-300ml cow's serum, 30-60g raw egg, 30-50g glucose, 10-25g dregs of beans, 1-5g calcium carbonate, 0.01-0.05% B B-complex (w/v), 5-15g blood meal, 3-7g saccharomycete and distilled water 500ml.In the reality preparation, can be according to the composition that specifically need in aforementioned number range, select requirement.In the preferred embodiment, liquid feed comprises 250ml cow's serum, 50g raw egg, 30g glucose, 20g dregs of beans, 1.5g calcium carbonate, 0.04% B B-complex (w/v), 10g blood meal, 5g saccharomycete and distilled water 500ml.
The collocation method of the liquid feed of this leech seedling is: with adding distil water is to 500ml behind 200-300ml cow's serum, 30-60g raw egg, 30-50g glucose, 10-25g dregs of beans, 1-5g calcium carbonate, 0.01-0.05% B B-complex (w/v), 5-15g blood meal and the abundant mixing of 3-7g saccharomycete, adjust pH is 7.0.
The method for breeding that adopts the aforesaid liquid feed to raise the leech seedling comprises:
Leech seedling feeding process: sponge is immersed in the fluid openings feed 1 hour, lets sponge fully receive the fluid openings feed.With the leech seedling that just hatches out, get the varying number leech respectively and be put on the sponge, move in the cylinder of growing seedlings.Every day respectively in the morning 7 with let leech on sponge, suck each 2 hours at 11 in evening, adopt this moment water spray means to keep growing seedlings cylinder humidity.Growing seedlings, the cylinder top hides gauze in order to avoid the leech escape.Goad leech into action with 30% salt solution thorn after each leech sucks and all wash away, with 80 order nylon mesh screens leech is fished for immediately then, discard salt solution, and clean sponge subsequent use from sponge.The leech of pulling out moves to respectively in the cylinder of growing seedlings that water is housed in addition.The grow seedlings top of cylinder is provided with anti-escape net, and cobble is put into as the base in the bottom.Control is grown seedlings the cylinder water temperature at 25 ± 2 ℃, 10 of every mornings and 8 oxygenations in evening 2 times, each 0.5 hour.Repeat above-mentioned feeding process subsequently every day, observed and recorded leech upgrowth situation is in time rejected dead leech, the statistics survival rate.Whenever got 100 at random and weigh, change fresh liquid feed in the sponge every day at a distance from 5 days.
Through experimental design, through statistical analysis and relatively discovery, under identical feeding and management situation, different leech seedling density and its leech speed of growth, survival rate all have certain difference.Finishing screen is selected and is reached the requirement of commercial leech seedling, makes seedling to young seedling (commercial seedling) shorten to 20 days growth period, and average whose body weight is about the 0.28g/ bar, and survival rate remains on more than 96%.
To combine concrete Test Example that the present invention is further specified below.
Test Example one
1. material and instrument
Kind of leech (being bred by University Of Suzhou Experiment of Zoology chamber) is through being accredited as eurysome golden thread leech (Whitmania pigra Whitman), cow's serum, raw egg, glucose, dregs of beans, calcium carbonate, B B-complex, blood meal and saccharomycete, 40 * 30 * 20cm specification glass grow seedlings large aperture sponge, nylon net cloth (standard 80 orders), electronic balance (U.S. OHAUS, the model: AR1530/C), oxygen charging pump, HS-250SC climatic chamber of cylinder, 300 * 250 * 30mm specification.
2. method
2.1 experimental design
2.2 the hatching of leech seedling: selective body focuses on the physically fit adult kind leech of 18-22g/ bar.After 2 ‰ potassium permanganate sterilizations, put into the glass cylinder of growing seedlings and lay eggs, control is grown seedlings in the cylinder water temperature at 20 ℃.The leech mating also pierces in the cylinder side and produces cocoon in loosening the soil.Leech lays eggs and began to artificially collect in back about 10 days.Get the ovum cocoon of giving birth in 3 days and be emitted on the loose earth surfaces of preserving moisture of incubator bottom in batches, on the ovum cocoon, cover 2 layers of gauze then, on gauze, cover the soft earth of the about 1cm of a layer thickness again, the incubator side has air-vent.At last incubator is concentrated and put into climatic chamber, temperature is controlled at about 25 ℃, and the humidity of earth is controlled at 60%RH, and relative air humidity remains on 80-85%RH in the case.Through all left and right sides leech hatching.Leech seedling body weight is between the 0.05-0.08g/ bar at this moment, and natural situation lower body length is between 0.4-0.8cm.
2.3 leech seedling fluid openings feed preparation: 250ml cow's serum, 50g raw egg, 30g glucose, 20g dregs of beans, 1.5g calcium carbonate, 0.04% B B-complex (w/v), 10g blood meal and 5g saccharomycete.To 500ml, adjust pH is 7.0 with adding distil water behind the abundant mixing of mentioned component., existing according to above-mentioned formula rate with join at present according to the experiment actual needs.
2.4 the leech seedling is fed: breeding experiment carries out in that University Of Suzhou's Experiment of Zoology is indoor.The wide-aperture sponge of 300 * 250 * 30mm specification is immersed in the fluid openings feed 1 hour, lets sponge fully receive liquid feed.With the leech seedling that just hatches out, according to 500,1000,1500 and 2000 of density be provided with four levels be put into respectively the bottom be placed with in the cylinder of growing seedlings of sponge.Every day respectively in the morning 7 with let leech on sponge, suck each 2 hours at 11 in evening, adopt this moment water spray means to keep growing seedlings cylinder humidity.Above the cylinder of growing seedlings, hide gauze in order to avoid leech escapes.Every group of 3 repetitions of seedling.Goad leech into action with 30% salt solution thorn after each leech sucks and all wash away, with 80 order nylon mesh screens leech is fished for immediately then, discard salt solution, and clean sponge subsequent use from sponge.The leech of pulling out moves to respectively in the cylinder of growing seedlings that depth of water 15cm is housed in addition.The grow seedlings top of cylinder is provided with anti-escape net, and cobble is put into as the base in the bottom.Control is grown seedlings the cylinder water temperature about 25 ℃, 10 of every mornings and 8 oxygenations in evening 2 times, each 0.5 hour.Repeat above-mentioned feeding process subsequently every day, observed and recorded leech upgrowth situation is in time rejected dead leech.
Weigh the statistics survival rate 2.5 from each test group, whenever got 100 respectively at random at a distance from 5 days.Change fresh liquid feed in the sponge every day.
2.6 statistical method
Adopt the minimum significantly range method (LSR, Least significant ranges) of SPSS 19.0 software kits utilization that leech density and body weight are carried out the statistical analysis, be combined into motility rate at last and leech seedling body weight is carried out analysis-by-synthesis.
3 results and analysis
3.1 different leech seedling stocking densities are to its growth body weight influence
Table 1, different leech density are to its body weight influence
Can find out that from table 1 different leech density are comparatively obvious to the influence of growth body weight.Under certain density, to feed through 20 days employing liquid feeds, the leech growth of seedling is very fast.Except density be 2000 average whose body weights of experimental group 0.16g, all the other are respectively organized average individual's body weight average and reach the 0.28g/ bar, and through the check significant difference.
3.2 different leech seedling stocking densities are to the influence of its survival rate
The different leech seedling of table 2 stocking density is to the influence of its survival rate
Can find out that from table 2 different leech seedling stocking densities have considerable influence to its survival rate.Under identical raising situation, in beginning 10 days, its survival rate increases and reduces to some extent along with density, and survival rate reduced to 82% when wherein density was 2000, and all there were significant differences with other each group; In in the end 10 days, the leech survival rate can reach more than 99%, and this explanation leech seedling grows gradually, and its resistance against diseases increases.Therefore in leech seedling initial stage feeding process, when density surpasses 2000, owing to leech causes survival rate to descend to flood competition.
3.4 multifactorial evaluation
Can find out that from the experimental data result of table 1 and table 2 under the identical condition of feeding, the leech speed of growth reduces along with the increase of density; When density is 2000; Its early stage leech seedling percent significantly descends, and individual average weight is minimum, respectively organizes significant difference with other.Therefore, consider composite factors such as economic benefit, should select leech density is 1500, uses the feeding method of aforesaid liquid starter diet can reach the quality and quantity of the commodity of the best with seedling.
The liquid feed of the leech seedling of the embodiment of the invention and use this liquid feed to raise the method for leech seedling; Can make seedling to young seedling shorten to 20 days growth period; Average whose body weight is about the 0.28g/ bar; And survival rate remains on more than 96%, uses the feeding method of liquid feed of the present invention can reach the best commodity quality and quantity with seedling.
Below for creator of the present invention in the concrete time experiment specify.
This is tested on March 5th, 2011 and begins to carry out indoor concentrated hatching in University Of Suzhou Experiment of Zoology chamber.Selective body focuses on 300 of the physically fit adult kind leech of 18-22g/ bar.After 2 ‰ potassium permanganate sterilizations, put into the glass cylinder of growing seedlings and lay eggs, control is grown seedlings in the cylinder water temperature at 20 ℃.The leech mating also pierces in the cylinder side and produces cocoon in loosening the soil.April 1, leech began to lay eggs successively.Environment needs peace and quiet this moment.Dig after leech laid eggs 10 days and collect the ovum cocoon, attention can not the interior embryonated egg of squeeze and destroy cocoon.April 10 began to get the ovum cocoon of giving birth in 3 days and be emitted on the loose earth surfaces of preserving moisture of incubator bottom in batches, on the ovum cocoon, cover 2 layers of gauze then, on gauze, cover the soft earth of the about 1cm of a layer thickness again, the incubator side has air-vent.At last incubator is concentrated and put into climatic chamber, temperature is controlled at about 25 ℃, and the humidity of earth is controlled at 60%RH, and relative air humidity remains on 80-85%RH in the case.Successively obtain 570 ovum cocoons, begin to hatch through all left and right sides time.Collect the seedling that hatching is just come out, obtain 6800 leech seedling altogether.Through sampling Detection leech seedling body weight at the 0.059-0.078g/ bar, at the long 0.42-0.78cm of natural situation lower body.
Preparation of leech seedling liquid feed and feeding method: the preparation of leech seedling fluid openings feed is promptly got 250ml cow's serum, 50g raw egg, 30g glucose, 20g dregs of beans, 1.5g calcium carbonate, 0.04% B B-complex (w/v), 10g blood meal and 5g saccharomycete according to following formula rate preparation.To 500ml, adjust pH is 7.0 with adding distil water behind the abundant mixing of mentioned component.Liquid feed according to actual needs, and is existing with join at present.April 8, breeding experiment carried out in that University Of Suzhou's Experiment of Zoology is indoor.The wide-aperture sponge of 300 * 250 * 30mm specification is immersed in the fluid openings feed 1 hour, lets sponge fully receive liquid feed.With the leech seedling that just hatches out, be put into the bottom respectively according to the density of the 1500/cylinder of growing seedlings and be placed with in the cylinder of growing seedlings of sponge.Every day respectively in the morning 7 with let leech on sponge, suck each 2 hours at 11 in evening, adopt this moment water spray means to keep growing seedlings cylinder humidity.Above the cylinder of growing seedlings, hide gauze in order to avoid leech escapes.Goad leech into action with 30% salt solution thorn after each leech sucks and all wash away, with 80 order nylon mesh screens leech is fished for immediately then, discard salt solution, and clean sponge subsequent use from sponge.The leech of pulling out moves to respectively in the cylinder of growing seedlings that depth of water 15cm is housed in addition.The grow seedlings top of cylinder is provided with anti-escape net, and cobble is put into as the base in the bottom.Control is grown seedlings the cylinder water temperature about 25 ℃, 10 of every mornings and 8 oxygenations in evening 2 times, each 0.5 hour.
Repeat above-mentioned feeding process every day in seedling raising process; Observed and recorded leech upgrowth situation; As find the thin out or hardening of leech seedling health color; Can use 0.2% terramycin or 0.4% sulphoamidine azoles to admix liquid feed and prevent and treat enterogastritis and die back disease etc., as find that dead leech should in time reject.
Through 20 days nursing, detected the leech seedling percent more than 96% April 29, average individual's body weighs at 0.28 ± 0.054g/ bar, at the long 0.44-0.75cm of natural situation lower body.
To those skilled in the art, obviously the invention is not restricted to the details of above-mentioned example embodiment, and under the situation that does not deviate from spirit of the present invention or essential characteristic, can realize the present invention with other concrete form.Therefore; No matter from which point; All should regard embodiment as exemplary; And be nonrestrictive, scope of the present invention is limited accompanying claims rather than above-mentioned explanation, therefore is intended to the implication of the equivalents that drops on claim and all changes in the scope are included in the present invention.Should any Reference numeral in the claim be regarded as limit related claim.
In addition; Describing according to embodiment though should be appreciated that this specification, is not that each embodiment only comprises an independently technical scheme; This narrating mode of specification only is for clarity sake; Those skilled in the art should make specification as a whole, and the technical scheme among each embodiment also can form other embodiments that it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that through appropriate combination.
Claims (9)
1. the liquid feed of a leech seedling, it is characterized in that: said liquid feed comprises 200-300ml cow's serum, 30-60g raw egg, 30-50g glucose, 10-25g dregs of beans, 1-5g calcium carbonate, 0.01-0.05% B B-complex (w/v), 5-15g blood meal, 3-7g saccharomycete and distilled water 500ml.
2. the liquid feed of leech seedling according to claim 1 is characterized in that: said liquid feed comprises 250ml cow's serum, 50g raw egg, 30g glucose, 20g dregs of beans, 1.5g calcium carbonate, 0.04% B B-complex (w/v), 10g blood meal, 5g saccharomycete and distilled water 500ml.
3. the collocation method of the liquid feed of a leech seedling; It is characterized in that: this method is specially: with adding distil water is to 500ml behind 200-300ml cow's serum, 30-60g raw egg, 30-50g glucose, 10-25g dregs of beans, 1-5g calcium carbonate, 0.01-0.05% B B-complex (w/v), 5-15g blood meal and the abundant mixing of 3-7g saccharomycete, adjust pH is 7.0.
4. the method for breeding of a leech seedling is characterized in that: this method for breeding uses the described liquid feed of claim 1, and this method for breeding comprises the steps:
(1) hatching of leech seedling:
A1, selective body focus on the physically fit adult kind leech of 18-22g/ bar, after sterilization, put into the glass cylinder of growing seedlings and lay eggs, and control is grown seedlings in the cylinder water temperature at 20 ℃, and the leech mating also pierces and produces cocoon during a side is loosened the soil in the cylinder;
9-11 days began to artificially collect after A2, leech laid eggs, and got the ovum cocoon of giving birth in 3 days and were emitted on the loose earth surfaces of preserving moisture of an incubator bottom, and the incubator side has air-vent, on the ovum cocoon, covers 2 layers of gauze, on gauze, covers the soft earth of one deck again;
A3, incubator concentrated put into a climatic chamber, temperature is controlled at 24-26 ℃, and the humidity of earth is controlled at 60%RH, and relative air humidity remains on 80-85%RH in the case;
A4,5-10 days leech seedling of process hatch out;
(2) the leech seedling raises and train
B1, the wide-aperture sponge of 300 * 250 * 30mm specification is immersed in the liquid feed 1 hour, lets sponge fully receive liquid feed;
B2, the leech seedling that will just hatch out are put into glass that the bottom is placed with sponge according to constant density and grow seedlings in the cylinder, and above the cylinder of growing seedlings, hide gauze in order to avoid the leech seedling escapes;
B3, every day and evening let the leech seedling on sponge, suck each 2 hours at 7 at 11 respectively in the morning, and adopt water spray means to keep growing seedlings cylinder humidity;
Goad leech into action with 30% salt solution thorn after B4, each leech suck and all wash away, with the nylon mesh screen leech seedling is fished for out immediately then, discard salt solution, and clean sponge subsequent use from sponge;
B5, the leech of pulling out move to respectively in the cylinder of growing seedlings that depth of water 15cm is housed in addition, and the top of the cylinder of growing seedlings is provided with anti-escape net, and cobble is put into as the base in the bottom, 10 of every mornings and 8 oxygenations in evening 2 times, each 0.5 hour;
Repeat B6, every day the feeding process of B3, change the liquid feed in the sponge every day.
5. the method for breeding of leech seedling according to claim 4 is characterized in that: the density of leech seedling is 1500 among the said step B2.
6. the method for breeding of leech seedling according to claim 4 is characterized in that: the leech seedling that said method for breeding is raised is an eurysome golden thread leech.
7. according to the method for breeding of the leech seedling of claim 4, it is characterized in that: the said glass cylinder specification of growing seedlings is 40 * 30 * 20cm.
8. the method for breeding of leech seedling according to claim 4 is characterized in that: the nylon mesh screen among the said step B4 is 80 order nylon mesh screens.
9. the method for breeding of leech seedling according to claim 4 is characterized in that: water body pH is between 6～7 among the said step B5, and water temperature remains between 20-30 ℃, and dissolved oxygen amount is greater than 8 mg/litre.
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