CN103299513B - 湿运行电动机和泵机组 - Google Patents

湿运行电动机和泵机组 Download PDF

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CN103299513B
CN103299513B CN201180064771.1A CN201180064771A CN103299513B CN 103299513 B CN103299513 B CN 103299513B CN 201180064771 A CN201180064771 A CN 201180064771A CN 103299513 B CN103299513 B CN 103299513B
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stator
wet service
circuit board
pole plate
stator case
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CN103299513A (zh
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乔治·布拉泽
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Grundfos Holdings AS
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
    • H02K1/12—Stationary parts of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/14—Stator cores with salient poles
    • H02K1/146—Stator cores with salient poles consisting of a generally annular yoke with salient poles
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D15/00—Control, e.g. regulation, of pumps, pumping installations or systems
    • F04D15/02—Stopping of pumps, or operating valves, on occurrence of unwanted conditions
    • F04D15/0209—Stopping of pumps, or operating valves, on occurrence of unwanted conditions responsive to a condition of the working fluid
    • F04D15/0218—Stopping of pumps, or operating valves, on occurrence of unwanted conditions responsive to a condition of the working fluid the condition being a liquid level or a lack of liquid supply
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B49/00—Control, e.g. of pump delivery, or pump pressure of, or safety measures for, machines, pumps, or pumping installations, not otherwise provided for, or of interest apart from, groups F04B1/00 - F04B47/00
    • F04B49/06—Control using electricity
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D13/00—Pumping installations or systems
    • F04D13/02—Units comprising pumps and their driving means
    • F04D13/06—Units comprising pumps and their driving means the pump being electrically driven
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D13/00—Pumping installations or systems
    • F04D13/02—Units comprising pumps and their driving means
    • F04D13/06—Units comprising pumps and their driving means the pump being electrically driven
    • F04D13/0606—Canned motor pumps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D13/00—Pumping installations or systems
    • F04D13/02—Units comprising pumps and their driving means
    • F04D13/06—Units comprising pumps and their driving means the pump being electrically driven
    • F04D13/0606—Canned motor pumps
    • F04D13/064—Details of the magnetic circuit
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/04—Shafts or bearings, or assemblies thereof
    • F04D29/046—Bearings
    • F04D29/0467—Spherical bearings
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05D—SYSTEMS FOR CONTROLLING OR REGULATING NON-ELECTRIC VARIABLES
    • G05D9/00—Level control, e.g. controlling quantity of material stored in vessel
    • G05D9/12—Level control, e.g. controlling quantity of material stored in vessel characterised by the use of electric means
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
    • H02K1/12—Stationary parts of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/14—Stator cores with salient poles
    • H02K1/146—Stator cores with salient poles consisting of a generally annular yoke with salient poles
    • H02K1/148—Sectional cores
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
    • H02K1/22—Rotating parts of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/27—Rotor cores with permanent magnets
    • H02K1/2706—Inner rotors
    • H02K1/272—Inner rotors the magnetisation axis of the magnets being perpendicular to the rotor axis
    • H02K1/274—Inner rotors the magnetisation axis of the magnets being perpendicular to the rotor axis the rotor consisting of two or more circumferentially positioned magnets
    • H02K1/2753—Inner rotors the magnetisation axis of the magnets being perpendicular to the rotor axis the rotor consisting of two or more circumferentially positioned magnets the rotor consisting of magnets or groups of magnets arranged with alternating polarity
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K11/00—Structural association of dynamo-electric machines with electric components or with devices for shielding, monitoring or protection
    • H02K11/30—Structural association with control circuits or drive circuits
    • H02K11/33—Drive circuits, e.g. power electronics
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K21/00—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets
    • H02K21/12—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets with stationary armatures and rotating magnets
    • H02K21/14—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets with stationary armatures and rotating magnets with magnets rotating within the armatures
    • H02K21/16—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets with stationary armatures and rotating magnets with magnets rotating within the armatures having annular armature cores with salient poles
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K21/00—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets
    • H02K21/12—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets with stationary armatures and rotating magnets
    • H02K21/24—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets with stationary armatures and rotating magnets with magnets axially facing the armatures, e.g. hub-type cycle dynamos
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K3/00—Details of windings
    • H02K3/04—Windings characterised by the conductor shape, form or construction, e.g. with bar conductors
    • H02K3/28—Layout of windings or of connections between windings
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K5/00—Casings; Enclosures; Supports
    • H02K5/04—Casings or enclosures characterised by the shape, form or construction thereof
    • H02K5/12—Casings or enclosures characterised by the shape, form or construction thereof specially adapted for operating in liquid or gas
    • H02K5/128—Casings or enclosures characterised by the shape, form or construction thereof specially adapted for operating in liquid or gas using air-gap sleeves or air-gap discs
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K5/00—Casings; Enclosures; Supports
    • H02K5/04—Casings or enclosures characterised by the shape, form or construction thereof
    • H02K5/22—Auxiliary parts of casings not covered by groups H02K5/06-H02K5/20, e.g. shaped to form connection boxes or terminal boxes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K9/00—Arrangements for cooling or ventilating
    • H02K9/19—Arrangements for cooling or ventilating for machines with closed casing and closed-circuit cooling using a liquid cooling medium, e.g. oil
    • H02K9/197—Arrangements for cooling or ventilating for machines with closed casing and closed-circuit cooling using a liquid cooling medium, e.g. oil in which the rotor or stator space is fluid-tight, e.g. to provide for different cooling media for rotor and stator
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P6/00—Arrangements for controlling synchronous motors or other dynamo-electric motors using electronic commutation dependent on the rotor position; Electronic commutators therefor
    • H02P6/14—Electronic commutators
    • H02P6/16—Circuit arrangements for detecting position
    • H02P6/18—Circuit arrangements for detecting position without separate position detecting elements
    • H02P6/182—Circuit arrangements for detecting position without separate position detecting elements using back-emf in windings
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
    • H02K1/12—Stationary parts of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/18—Means for mounting or fastening magnetic stationary parts on to, or to, the stator structures
    • H02K1/182—Means for mounting or fastening magnetic stationary parts on to, or to, the stator structures to stators axially facing the rotor, i.e. with axial or conical air gap
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K5/00—Casings; Enclosures; Supports
    • H02K5/04—Casings or enclosures characterised by the shape, form or construction thereof
    • H02K5/10—Casings or enclosures characterised by the shape, form or construction thereof with arrangements for protection from ingress, e.g. water or fingers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K5/00—Casings; Enclosures; Supports
    • H02K5/04—Casings or enclosures characterised by the shape, form or construction thereof
    • H02K5/12—Casings or enclosures characterised by the shape, form or construction thereof specially adapted for operating in liquid or gas
    • H02K5/128—Casings or enclosures characterised by the shape, form or construction thereof specially adapted for operating in liquid or gas using air-gap sleeves or air-gap discs
    • H02K5/1282—Casings or enclosures characterised by the shape, form or construction thereof specially adapted for operating in liquid or gas using air-gap sleeves or air-gap discs the partition wall in the air-gap being non cylindrical
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K5/00—Casings; Enclosures; Supports
    • H02K5/04—Casings or enclosures characterised by the shape, form or construction thereof
    • H02K5/16—Means for supporting bearings, e.g. insulating supports or means for fitting bearings in the bearing-shields
    • H02K5/173—Means for supporting bearings, e.g. insulating supports or means for fitting bearings in the bearing-shields using bearings with rolling contact, e.g. ball bearings
    • H02K5/1737—Means for supporting bearings, e.g. insulating supports or means for fitting bearings in the bearing-shields using bearings with rolling contact, e.g. ball bearings radially supporting the rotor around a fixed spindle; radially supporting the rotor directly
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K5/00—Casings; Enclosures; Supports
    • H02K5/04—Casings or enclosures characterised by the shape, form or construction thereof
    • H02K5/22—Auxiliary parts of casings not covered by groups H02K5/06-H02K5/20, e.g. shaped to form connection boxes or terminal boxes
    • H02K5/225—Terminal boxes or connection arrangements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K5/00—Casings; Enclosures; Supports
    • H02K5/24—Casings; Enclosures; Supports specially adapted for suppression or reduction of noise or vibrations

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)
  • Connection Of Motors, Electrical Generators, Mechanical Devices, And The Like (AREA)
  • Motor Or Generator Frames (AREA)
  • Details And Applications Of Rotary Liquid Pumps (AREA)
  • Iron Core Of Rotating Electric Machines (AREA)
  • Permanent Magnet Type Synchronous Machine (AREA)
  • Control Of Electric Motors In General (AREA)
  • Rotary Pumps (AREA)
  • Details Of Reciprocating Pumps (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及一种用于泵的湿运行电动机，其具有定子壳体（2）、设置在该定子壳体（2）中的定子（4）和缝管（6），其中，在所述定子壳体（2）的内部设置第一弹性按压元件（62），使其至少在所述定子（4）的部件（24）上沿所述缝管（6）的方向施加压力，本发明还涉及一种具有这种湿运行电动机的泵机组。

Description

湿运行电动机和泵机组
技术领域
本发明涉及一种用于泵的湿运行电动机，其具有定子壳体、设置在定子壳体中的定子和缝管或隔离球冠。
背景技术
这样的湿运行电动机特别是应用于循环泵中，例如供热循环泵或非饮用水循环泵。在这些泵中，转子在缝管或隔离球冠的内部在待输送的液体中运行。
通常由铁件和设置在铁件中的线圈组成的定子被设置在定子壳体和缝管之间。在此重要的是，使定子相对于缝管尽可能精确地安放并尽可能地接近缝管安放，以产生尽可能强的作用于转子上的磁场。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于对湿运行电动机进行改进，使得能够以简单的方式将定子精确地安放在缝管的附近。
本发明的目的通过具有如权利要求1所述特征的湿运行电动机以及通过如权利要求16所述的、具有这种湿运行电动机的泵机组实现。优选的实施方式由从属权利要求、下面的说明以及附图给出。
根据本发明的湿运行电动机配置在泵中使用，其具有其中设有定子的定子壳体，在此，定子环绕着设置于定子内部的缝管。根据本发明，可以将缝管理解为各种形式的隔离元件，其将转子空间与定子空间隔开，从而使转子能够在要输送的液体中运行。这种隔离元件例如也可以是应用于球形电机中的隔离球冠，或者是隔离片。在缝管中安放有转子。定子可以公知的方式由其上设有电气线圈的定子叠片（Statorblechen）构成。为了能够将定子精确地在定子壳体内部并接近缝管安放，根据本发明在定子壳体内部设置第一弹性按压元件。在此，将该弹性按压元件这样设置在定子壳体中：使其至少在定子的部件上，特别是在位于缝管的圆周区域中的定子部分上沿缝管的方向施加压力。通过这种方式可以利用按压元件沿定子的方向按压定子部分（Statorteile）。因此，一方面优选通过弹性按压元件将定子无间隙地保持在定子壳体内部，另一方面将定子按压在缝管附近，特别是与缝管贴靠在一起。通过这种方式可以避免因为定子壳体内部的可运动的部件发出的噪声，此外，使定子极尽可能接近缝管运动，以将其通过这种方式尽可能地接近转子安放，并与转子一起共同优化磁性效率。弹性按压元件在此可以很容易地安装，并能够弥补定子、定子壳体和缝管之间的一定的间隙或一定的误差，而且可以确保将定子无间隙或无噪声地安装在定子壳体的内部。由此还可以省去对定子壳体以及设置在其上的定子的浇铸。
优选定子具有多个平行于所述电动机的转动轴轴向延伸的极板。在此将第一按压元件设置为，使其在极板上施加压力。极板可以在缝管的方向上，即朝向缝管受到压迫，从而使其尽可能地接近缝管安放，理想的是直接贴靠在缝管上。极板在此可以例如有一定程度的变形。特别优选针对每个极板都设置一个第一按压元件。也就是说，每个极板都受到由各自的按压元件所施加的朝向缝管的压力。例如在12极定子中，在定子壳体的内部设置有12个按压元件。
相宜地，极板在至少一个方向上、优选在径向方向上是可运动的。这使得能够通过按压元件使极板向缝管运动，从而通过按压元件使极板运动到所需的最终位置，并由于按压元件的弹性而保持在此最终位置上。也就是说，按压元件由于其弹力效应在极板上产生恒定的压力，使极板保持被压向缝管。通过这种方式可以无间隙地固定可运动的极板，而不必向定子壳体中加入填料。
根据本发明的一种优选的实施方式，第一按压元件产生径向压力。这对于管状或半球形、即设计为隔离球冠形式的缝管且极板沿外周环绕缝管的情况是有利的。通过这种径向压力可以将极板沿径向方向压向缝管的外壁。但是例如在要将缝管设计为圆盘形的并且转子和定子彼此轴向相对的情况下，也可以考虑在缝管或极板上施加轴向压力。即使在球形电机中使用隔离球冠形式的缝管时，也可以通过压力至少在部分轴向方向上使缝管或极板被压向或向着缝管或隔离球冠的外壁运动。
特别优选将第一按压元件设计为弹簧舌片，进一步优选将其与定子壳体一体化地制造。特别是当定子壳体作为注塑部件由合成材料制成时，则可以非常简单地将按压元件作为弹簧舌片与定子壳体一起共同浇注。通过这种方式可以实现简单的生产。
在此优选使弹簧舌片从定子壳体的内侧、即其内周面相对于定子或定子壳体的旋转轴或纵轴倾斜前伸。在此，弹簧舌片以一纵向端铰接在定子壳体的内壁上，并以相对的另一纵向端与定子壳体的内壁相间隔地设置，以使其可以在该区域中径向向外运动，并由此产生径向向内的弹性恢复力。在此将弹簧舌片设置成，在其静止位置上由沿圆周在定子壳体内部分布的弹簧舌片所环绕而成的直径小于要使用的定子的外径。通过这种方式可以使要使用的定子将弹簧舌片向外挤压一定的程度，从而使弹簧舌片产生将定子或其极板径向向内挤压的弹性恢复力。在此，优选通过在缝管外周上的贴靠来限制极板的运动。优选将弹簧舌片设置为，使在安装定子时首先与定子接触的弹簧舌片的那一端是弹簧舌片的与定子壳体的内壁间隔开的端部。也就是说，当将定子从背对待设置的泵壳体的一侧装入定子壳体时，弹簧舌片以其面向泵壳体的轴向端部铰接在定子壳体的内壁上。在此可以将定子壳体设计为，使其能够以公知的方式通过其一个轴向端部与泵壳体相连接，泵的叶轮在该泵壳体中旋转。泵的叶轮抗扭地与电动机的转子相连接，或与转子一体化地制成。
进一步优选将第一按压元件设计为锁定元件，其与位于定子或其极板上的对应的锁定元件相接合。通过这种方式，除了对定子的力配合的固定之外，还可以在定子壳体内部实现对定子的形状配合的固定。特别优选将锁定元件这样接合在对应的锁定元件中：使定子沿轴向方向固定在定子壳体的内部。
在另一种优选的实施方式中，定子具有多个极板，在各个极板上分别安装有电线圈，在此进一步优选所述线圈各自具有线圈架，这种线圈架力配合和/或形状配合地与极板相连接。因此，优选线圈通过锁定元件或夹紧元件固定在极板上。例如，可以在极板上设置凹部，线圈架通过锁定凸起嵌接在该凹部中，从而使线圈架并由此使线圈沿轴向方向固定在极板上。为此在安装过程中，优选将线圈与线圈架一起从自由端部推到极板上。极板可以通过磁性止回元件（Rückschlusselemente）在背向自由端部的端部上连接，从而能够在各个极板之间产生磁通。
优选各个定子极或定子极板在缝管的外周上均匀地分布。由此例如可以在三相电机的设计方案中设置12个极板。在两相电机中例如可以设置八个极板。
根据另一种优选的实施方式，在定子壳体的内部设置第二按压元件，线圈或其线圈架分别通过其径向外侧贴靠在该第二按压元件上。第二按压元件可以是刚性的，也可以是弹性的。优选第二按压元件用于使线圈或其线圈架保持贴靠在极板上在其径向外侧上，从而在此可以通过第二按压元件在运行中一方面阻止线圈和线圈架之间的相对运动，另一方面阻止线圈和极板之间的相对运动。由此可以防止发出噪声并使线圈和线圈架保持与极板的表面贴靠。因此，不需要浇注或粘结。此外，线圈架可配有足够的间隙，以使它们能够容易地安装在极板上。
优选将第二按压元件设计为径向向内突出且在定子壳体的内壁上轴向延伸的腹板。该腹板可以使线圈或线圈架在较大的轴向长度上被挤压或保持贴靠。在此，腹板可以通过其径向内侧面平行于定子的纵轴或转动轴延伸，或相对于定子的纵轴或转动轴成圆锥形倾斜，从而使得由腹板的径向内表面展开的横截面面积沿定子的插入方向逐渐变小。由此可以简单地安装定子并在最终位置上实现对所有定子元件的无间隙固定。
此外，优选定子具有电路板，定子线圈通过该电路板实现电接触，此外优选该电路板支承电机控制装置的电子器件。例如，电机控制装置可用于电动机的转速调节或控制，并为此具有变频器。根据本发明，可以将变频器的部件安放在设置于定子上的电路板上。优选将该电路板与定子一起设置在定子壳体内。优选定子壳体为管状的，并在一轴向端部上由连接的泵的泵壳体和/或由已安装的缝管来加以封闭。在相对的另一轴向端部上，优选通过盖或设置的接线盒封闭定子壳体。在这样的接线盒中还可以设置其他的电气或电子元件、操作元件和/或显示元件以及连接元件。
设置在定子上或构成定子的一部分的电路板用于线圈的电连接，也就是说，其建立了线圈到电机控制装置的连接。此外，优选在该电路板上形成所要求的线圈彼此之间的连接。由此可以使各个线圈并联或串联连接，从而能够同时被通入电流。例如，在三相电机的情况下为12个定子极配备12个线圈，从而总是有4个线圈被同时通电，在此优选使所述4个线圈构成2个彼此在缝管上直径相对的线圈对。优选将所述的四个被共同通入电流的线圈串联电连接。
为了固定电路板，进一步优选使电路板贴靠在设置于线圈架上的定位元件（Anlageelementen）上。该定位元件例如可以作为定位销从线圈架沿轴向延伸，在此，电路板的一个表面贴靠在该定位元件或定位销的端部上。同时可以在线圈架上设置电连接引脚或连接端子，用以插入电路板的开孔中以与电路板电连接。在开孔中这些电连接引脚或连接端子可以与电路板上的导体电接触，在此可以将电连接引脚或连接端子与电路板上的导线或导体电路焊接在一起。替代地在此可以设置插塞接点。设置定位面的优点在于，当在线圈架上插入电路板时，所产生的力不会被线圈的电连接端子或连接引脚所承受，而是由电路板通过定位元件直接传递到线圈架上。此外由此还实现了所定义的电路板的定位。
如上所述，优选用盖将定子壳体封闭。根据一种优选的实施方式，在此使盖与电路板力配合和/或形状配合地连接。这样做的优势在于，盖可以在将定子装入定子壳体中之前与电路板连接并进而与定子连接，然后与定子一起装入定子壳体中，然后当定子完全装入定子壳体中时，可以使定子壳体在其轴侧被封闭。由此可以实现非常简单的装配。此外，定子的所有组件也都与盖连接，以便使所有的组件能够彼此固定并在运行中不发出噪声。优选盖具有用于电连接元件的通口（Durchlass）。电连接元件用于与设置在与定子壳体相连接的接线盒或电子装置壳体内的电连接导线或电子元件或电气元件的连接。其例如可以是控制元件、操作元件和/或显示元件或用于向电动机供电的配件。所述电连接元件用于连接定子内部的电路板和外部的电气组件，在此优选将其设计为插入元件，从而可以在这里通过插接实现简单的装配。
根据另一种优选的实施方式，盖通过锁定元件与电路板连接。这将能够实现非常简单的无工具安装。此外，进一步优选借助于锁定元件将盖与定子壳体连接在一起。通过这种方式，盖不仅可以固定在定子上、即电路板上，还能够同时固定在定子壳体中。由此使得盖可以间接用于电路板和定子在定子壳体中的固定。通过这种方式可以使得所有的部件彼此固定地保持并避免在运行中出现噪声。
优选盖具有至少一个轴向延伸、即平行于电动机的纵轴或转动轴延伸的突出部，其延伸穿过电路板的凹口并支承在定子的铁件上。因此当盖在电路板上为了其制动而受到推压时，不会有过量的力施加在电路板和设置在电路板上的电气或电子组件上。换而言之，轴向力将从盖直接传递到定子的铁质结构上。这特别有助于将整个定子和事先与电路板相连接的盖一起装入定子壳体中并按下。其结果是力从盖直接传递到定子结构上，而电路板并不位于力线通量中。优选电路板只在其外周区域中由盖制动。突出部例如可以是销形的并延伸穿过电路板中的孔，并支承在定子的极腿（Polschenkel）或止回元件上。
根据本发明的另一种优选的实施方式，定子壳体被覆盖元件所围绕，该覆盖元件通过锁定元件与定子壳体相连接。优选这样的覆盖元件同样由合成材料制成。这种覆盖元件可用于建立对外的热绝缘。特别是如果缝管在其轴向端部上径向向外弯曲并在那里与管状定子壳体的轴侧端面的外周区域相连接，通过覆盖元件将该缝管与定子壳体连接的区域覆盖是非常有利的。也就是说由此可以防止与缝管的接触并进而防止被灼伤的危险。当待输送的液体流入缝管内部时，例如当输送的是热水时，缝管将变得非常热。此外，覆盖元件可以将盖形螺母沿轴向方向固定在定子壳体上，定子壳体通过盖形螺母在泵壳体上拧紧。
除了前面所述的湿运行电动机之外，本发明还涉及一种具有这种湿运行电动机作为驱动电机的泵机组。这种泵机组特别是循环泵机组，例如供热循环泵机组或非饮用水循环泵机组。在这种泵机组中，定子壳体可以如上所述地在一轴向端部上与泵壳体相连接。这可以例如通过搭接在定子壳体的径向轮缘上的盖形螺母实现，在此，盖形螺母通过螺纹在泵壳体上拧紧。在泵壳体中有叶轮在运行，其抗扭地安装在电动机的转子上或者与转子一起构造为一体化部件。缝管通过其轴向端部密封地贴靠在泵壳体上，在此，可以在这两个部件之间设置密封件。缝管为此适宜地具有径向轮缘，如上所述，其建立了与定子壳体的连接并同时作为在泵壳体上的密封件上的定位面。
附图说明
下面参照附图对本发明做示例性地说明：
图1示出了使用在泵机组中的根据本发明的湿运行电机的局部分解截面图，
图2示出了如图1所示电动机的定子的铁件的透视图，
图3示出了线圈架的详细视图，
图4示出了定子的剖面图，其展示了线圈架在定子铁件上的安装，
图5示出了定子的截面图，
图6示出了如图5所示且安装有盖的定子的透视图，
图7示出了定子壳体的透视图，
图8示出了已装入定子的定子壳体的截面图，
图9示出了如图6所示安装有盖的定子的截面图。
具体实施方式
在此所述的实施例示出了作为非饮用水循环泵机组的驱动器的根据本发明的湿运行电动机。图1示出了整体视图。所述电机具有定子壳体2，在其中设置有定子4。定子4环绕着隔离球冠形式的缝管6，该缝管6同时封闭定子壳体2的轴向端部。在缝管6的内部设有转子8。在该示出的实施例中涉及到所谓的球形电机，即，缝管6或隔离球冠呈半球状或球冠状的弯曲，并且转子具有半球状的外形。转子8被安装在支承于缝管6上的轴承球（Lagerkugel）10上。在此，转子8的球形和缝管6相对于轴承球10的表面同中心地延伸。因此，转子8一方面可以围绕纵轴X旋转，另一方面也可以垂直于纵轴X围绕球10摆动。转子8被设计为永磁转子，并为此具有极环12，在极环中设置有永磁型磁极。在转子8的背对缝管6的端部上，叶轮14整体地设置在其中，在此叶轮14插入在此未示出的泵壳体中。所述泵壳体通过盖形螺母16与定子壳体2相连接。在定子壳体2的背对泵壳体或转子8的轴向端部上设有电子装置壳体或接线盒18。
定子4具有由止回盘22和12个设置在该止回盘上的极板24组成的铁件20。极板24和止回盘22由层状的铁片构成。极板24垂直于止回盘22插入止回盘22上的周向凹部中，从而使极板24从止回盘开始沿轴向方向X向着缝管6延伸。极板24插入位于止回盘22外周上的凹部26中并可在这些凹部中做一定程度的运动，使得极板24的自由端部28可以在径向方向上关于纵轴X运动。在此，极板24在凹部26中进行摆动运动。
在极板24上分别设有线圈30。每个线圈30都缠绕在线圈架32上，如图3所示。在这里未示出绕组。线圈架32由合成材料制成并从自由端部28被推至极板24上，如图4所示。在此，线圈架32通过定位横档（Rastnase）34向后嵌接（hintergreifen）在极板24上的定位肩（Anlageschulter）36上。通过这种方式可以使线圈30通过线圈架32沿轴向方向形状配合地固定在极板24上。从线圈架32分别有两个连接销38沿轴向方向延伸，连接销38与线圈绕组相连接并用于其电连接。连接销38的电连接通过电路板40实现，该电路板40在轴侧设置在定子4的与自由端部28相对的端部上，在此，连接销38穿过电路板上40上的孔42。然后例如通过焊接使连接销38与电路板40上的导体电路（在此未示出）接触。替代地在此也可以考虑采用插拔式连接。线圈架32的定位元件44在其轴向端部上平行于连接销38延伸。在此定位元件44的轴向延伸短于连接销38的轴向延伸。电路板40贴靠在定位元件44的前端端部上，从而可以避免在推压过程中力通过连接销38传递到电路板40上。电路板40通过定位元件44直接支承在线圈架32上。
除了具有用于与线圈30电接触的导体电路之外，电路板40还具有电机控制装置（例如变频器）的电气和电子器件。在电路板40的背向定子4的铁件20的一侧设有插头46，用以实现电子器件在电路板40上的电连接。该插头46特别用于与接线盒18中的电气和电子器件的连接。为此在该实施例中，将设置在接线盒18中的电路板48通过其设有电气触点的前边缘插入插头46中。
定子壳体在其背对泵壳体的端面上被盖50封闭。为了进行装配，需要在将定子4装入定子壳体2之前将盖设置在定子4上。在此如图9所示，盖50通过锁定元件52固定在电路板40上。在此将锁定元件52设计为锁定钩并包夹在电路板40的外周边缘上。盖50还具有在定子壳体2的内部延伸的突出部54。优选将该突出部54与盖一起由合成材料例如通过注塑一体化地制成。突出部54延伸穿过电路板40的孔56并以其前端面直接贴靠在止回盘22上。由此使得盖50直接支承在铁件20上，即支承在定子4的止回盘22上。这样做的优势在于，当定子4与盖50接合并被装入定子壳体4中时，施加在盖50上的压力将因此而直接传递到定子4的铁件20上，而电路板40并不处于力线通量中。插头46向外延伸穿过盖50中的开口58。
图7示出了定子壳体2的透视图。该定子壳体2由合成材料制成为管状的并在一轴向端部上通过缝管6加以封闭。缝管6为此具有径向向外延伸的轮缘60，其围绕管状定子壳体2的该轴向端部卷边定子壳体2在其内部具有弹簧舌片形式且围绕缝管6的第一按压元件。在此，该弹簧舌片形式的第一按压元件62从定子壳体2的邻近缝管6的端部延伸进入定子壳体2的内部。在此，该弹簧舌片径向向内倾斜。第一按压元件62在其自由端部上支承径向指向内部的锁定突出部64。当将定子4从背对缝管6的开放的轴向端部装入定子壳体2中时，第一按压元件62的锁定突出部64将贴靠在极板24的自由端部28的外侧面上。在此，对于每个极板24都在定子壳体2内部的相应位置上设置第一按压元件62。在此将第一按压元件62的尺寸设定为，使位于锁定突出部64的径向内侧面之间的内径在静止位置上小于极板24的径向外侧面之间的外径。由此使得极板24在装入过程中一定程度地径向向外按压第一按压元件62，从而使第一按压元件62的弹簧舌片产生径向恢复力，所述弹簧舌片在其一侧径向向内按压基板24的自由端部28，直至该自由端部贴靠在缝管6的外侧面上。为此使极板24的自由端部28的内表面相对于球冠状的缝管6相应地弯曲。这样在该位置上锁定突出部64插入位于极板24的外侧上的锁定凹部66中。由此将铁件20沿轴向方向X固定在定子壳体2的内部。通过以上所述的极板24在止回盘22上的可动性，可以通过第一按压元件62使极板24保持与缝管6的外侧面的贴靠。通过这种方式可以实现无间隙的固定，以避免出现噪声。此外，还使得极板22与缝管6直接接触，从而使相对于转子8的极环12的距离最小化，以实现对磁性效率的优化。
此外，在定子壳体2的内部设置第二按压元件68，其构成为平行于纵轴X延伸的腹板的形式，该腹板从定子壳体2的内周面径向向内突出。如图8所示，该腹板状的第二按压元件68贴靠在线圈架32的径向外表面上。由此使得线圈架32被径向向内按压在极板24的径向外表面上，从而使线圈架32也能够无间隙地贴靠在极板24上，并且在该区域内也不会出现噪声。
盖50在其外周上还具有锁定突出部70形式的锁定元件。该突出部从盖的外周径向向外延伸。当定子4被装入定子壳体2中时，该突出部通过凹部72停止在定子壳体2的内周上。因此，定子4在定子壳体2的内部通过第一按压元件62及其锁定突出部64以及通过盖50并借助于锁定突出部70和凹部72被固定。这样的装配通过插接和制动可以非常简单地实现。由于突出部54要比锁定突出部70更加地径向靠内，因此盖50可以在锁定突出部70和突出部54之间提供一定的弹性作用。该弹性作用用于将定子的铁件20沿轴向方向无间隙地固定在定子壳体2的内部，并且还沿轴向方向按压缝管6，使得在此不会产生噪声。
如图1所示，定子壳体2具有覆盖元件74，其沿外周并间隔开地环绕定子壳体2。优选覆盖元件74由合成材料制成，并通过锁定连接件76在轴向方向上固定在定子壳体2的外侧上。也就是说，覆盖元件76也能够通过简单的插接从背对泵壳体的端部固定在定子壳体2上。覆盖元件76用于热绝缘并沿轴向方向固定盖形螺母16，以使盖形螺母不会从定子壳体2上滑落。
附图标记列表
2定子壳体
4定子
6缝管
8转子
10轴承球
12极环
14叶轮
16盖形螺母
18接线盒
20铁件
22止回盘
24极板
26凹部
28自由端部
30线圈
32线圈架
36定位肩
38连接销
40电路板
42孔
44定位元件
46插头
48电路板
50盖
52锁定元件
54突出部
56孔
58开口
60轮缘
62第一按压元件
64锁定突出部
66锁定凹部
68第二按压元件
70锁定突出部
72凹部
74覆盖元件
76锁定连接件
X纵轴或旋转轴
r径向方向

Claims (21)

1.一种用于泵的湿运行电动机，其具有定子壳体(2)、设置在该定子壳体(2)中的定子(4)和缝管(6)，其特征在于，在所述定子壳体(2)的内部设置弹性的第一按压元件(62)，使其至少在所述定子(4)的部件(24)上沿所述缝管(6)的方向施加压力，所述定子(4)具有多个平行于所述电动机的转动轴(X)轴向延伸的极板(24)，并且所述第一按压元件(62)设置为，使其在所述极板(24)上施加压力，在此为每个极板(24)设置一个第一按压元件(62)，所述第一按压元件(62)产生径向压力。
2.如权利要求1所述的湿运行电动机，其特征在于，所述极板(24)在至少一个方向上是可运动的。
3.如权利要求2所述的湿运行电动机，其特征在于，所述极板(24)在径向方向(r)上是可运动的。
4.如权利要求1-3中任一项所述的湿运行电动机，其特征在于，将所述第一按压元件(62)设计为弹簧舌片。
5.如权利要求4所述的湿运行电动机，其特征在于，所述第一按压元件(62)与所述定子壳体(2)一体化地制成。
6.如权利要求1-3中任一项所述的湿运行电动机，其特征在于，将所述第一按压元件(62)设计为锁定元件(64)，其与对应的位于所述定子(4)上的锁定元件(66)相接合。
7.如权利要求1-3中任一项所述的湿运行电动机，其特征在于，所述定子(4)具有多个极板(24)，在这些极板上分别安装电线圈(30)。
8.如权利要求7所述的湿运行电动机，其特征在于，所述线圈(30)各自具有线圈架(32)，所述线圈架力配合和/或形状配合地与所述极板(24)相连接。
9.如权利要求8所述的湿运行电动机，其特征在于，在所述定子壳体(2)的内部设置第二按压元件(68)，所述线圈(30)或其线圈架(32)分别以其径向外侧贴靠在该第二按压元件上。
10.如权利要求9所述的湿运行电动机，其特征在于，将所述第二按压元件(68)设计为径向向内突出且在所述定子壳体(2)的内壁上沿轴向延伸的腹板。
11.如权利要求8所述的湿运行电动机，其特征在于，所述定子(4)具有电路板(40)，所述定子(4)的线圈(30)通过该电路板实现电接触。
12.如权利要求11所述的湿运行电动机，其特征在于，该电路板承载电机控制装置的电子器件。
13.如权利要求11所述的湿运行电动机，其特征在于，所述电路板(40)贴靠在设置于所述线圈架(32)上的定位元件(44)上。
14.如权利要求11所述的湿运行电动机，其特征在于，所述定子壳体(2)由盖(50)封闭，该盖(50)与所述电路板(40)力配合和/或形状配合地连接。
15.如权利要求14所述的湿运行电动机，其特征在于，该盖具有用于电连接元件(46)的通口(58)。
16.如权利要求14所述的湿运行电动机，其特征在于，所述盖(50)通过锁定元件(52，70)与所述电路板(40)连接。
17.如权利要求14所述的湿运行电动机，其特征在于，所述盖(50)通过锁定元件(52，70)与所述电路板(40)并与所述定子壳体(2)连接。
18.如权利要求14所述的湿运行电动机，其特征在于，所述盖(50)具有至少一个轴向延伸的突出部(54)，其延伸穿过所述电路板(40)的凹口(56)并支承在所述定子(4)的铁件(20)上。
19.如权利要求1-3中任一项所述的湿运行电动机，其特征在于，所述定子壳体(2)被覆盖元件(74)所围绕，该覆盖元件通过锁定元件(76)与所述定子壳体(2)相连接。
20.一种泵机组，其特征在于，该泵机组具有如前面任一项权利要求所述的湿运行电动机。
21.如权利要求20所述的泵机组，其特征在于，所述泵机组是循环泵机组。
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