CN103298769B - 层叠陶瓷电容器以及层叠陶瓷电容器的制造方法 - Google Patents

层叠陶瓷电容器以及层叠陶瓷电容器的制造方法 Download PDF

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CN103298769B
CN103298769B CN201280005119.7A CN201280005119A CN103298769B CN 103298769 B CN103298769 B CN 103298769B CN 201280005119 A CN201280005119 A CN 201280005119A CN 103298769 B CN103298769 B CN 103298769B
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molar part
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ceramic capacitor
duplexer
laminated ceramic
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CN103298769A (zh
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冈本贵史
井上德之
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Murata Manufacturing Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明提供一种即使电介质层进一步薄层化,其高温负荷试验的寿命特性也优异的层叠陶瓷电容器。作为构成层叠陶瓷电容器1的电介质层2的电介质陶瓷,使用以含有Ba和Ti的钙钛矿型化合物(其中,一部分Ba可以用Ca和Sr中的至少一者来代替,一部分Ti可以用Zr来代替)为主成分,并且在将所述Ti和Zr的合计含量设为100摩尔份时,在2~6摩尔份的范围内含有La,在3~5摩尔份的范围内含有Mg,在1.5~3摩尔份的范围含有Mn的层叠陶瓷电容器。

Description

层叠陶瓷电容器以及层叠陶瓷电容器的制造方法
技术领域
本发明涉及层叠陶瓷电容器。此外,涉及层叠陶瓷电容器的制造方法。
背景技术
作为代表性的陶瓷电子部件之一的层叠陶瓷电容器,其通常具备层叠体和多个外部电极,所述层叠体具有层叠的多个电介质层、和沿着电介质层间的界面形成的多个内部电极,所述多个外部电极形成于层叠体的外表面、并与内部电极电连接。
随着近年来电子技术的发展,层叠陶瓷电容器被要求小型化且大容量化。为了满足这些要求,层叠陶瓷电容器的电介质层的薄层化正不断发展。但是,若使电介质层薄层化,则施加给每1层的电场强度相对地增高。因此,对于电解质层所用的电介质陶瓷来说,要求施加电压时的可靠性、特别是高温负荷试验的寿命特性的提高。
作为构成电介质层的电介质陶瓷,例如已知有专利文献1中记载的电介质陶瓷。在专利文献1中记载了一种电介质陶瓷,其相对于主成分100重量份,含有0.3~1.5重量份的作为副成分的MnO和0.5~2.5重量份的以BaO-SrO-Li2O-SiO2为主成分的氧化物玻璃,所述主成分由未反应的BaO的含量为0.7重量%以下且Ba/Ti的摩尔比为1.005~1.025的BaTiO395.0~98.0摩尔%和选自La、Nd、Sm、Dy、Er中的至少一种稀土类氧化物2.0~5.0摩尔%构成。
在先技术文献
专利文献
专利文献1:日本特开平4-169003号公报
发明内容
发明所要解决的课题
然而,专利文献1中并未记载使电介质层薄层化的情况。因此,专利文献1中记载的电介质陶瓷在用作不断进行薄层化的近年来的层叠陶瓷电容器的电介质层时,在施加电压时的可靠性是否较高尚不明确。
本发明是鉴于上述课题而完成的,其目的在于,提供一种即使电介质层进一步薄层化,并且施加高电场强度的电压,也具有良好的介电特性,并且高温负荷试验的寿命特性优异的层叠陶瓷电容器。
用于解决问题的方法
本发明的层叠陶瓷电容器(权利要求1的层叠陶瓷电容器),其特征在于,具备层叠体和多个外部电极,所述层叠体具有层叠的多个电介质层和沿着电介质层间的界面形成的多个内部电极,所述外部电极形成于层叠体的外表面、且与内部电极电连接,所述层叠体的组成以含有Ba和Ti的钙钛矿型化合物(其中,一部分Ba可以用Ca和Sr中的至少一者来代替,一部分Ti可以用Zr来代替)为主成分,并且还含有La、Mg及Mn,在将使用溶剂溶解层叠体时的Ti和Zr的合计含量设为100摩尔份时,各元素的摩尔份含量为La:2~6摩尔份、Mg:3~5摩尔份、Mn:1.5~3摩尔份。
此外,本发明的层叠陶瓷电容器(权利要求6的层叠陶瓷电容器),其特征在于,具备层叠体和多个外部电极,所述层叠体具有层叠的多个电介质层和沿着电介质层间的界面形成的多个内部电极,所述外部电极形成于层叠体的外表面、且与内部电极电连接,所述电介质层的组成以含有Ba和Ti的钙钛矿型化合物(其中,一部分Ba可以用Ca和Sr中的至少一者来代替,一部分Ti可以用Zr来代替)为主成分,并且还含有La、Mg及Mn,在将Ti和Zr的合计含量设为100摩尔份时,各元素的摩尔份含量为La:2~6摩尔份、Mg:3~5摩尔份、Mn:1.5~3摩尔份。
进一步,本发明的电介质叠陶瓷电容器的制造方法(权利要求11的层叠陶瓷电容器的制造方法),其特征在于,包括如下工序:准备以含有Ba和Ti的钙钛矿型化合物(其中,一部分Ba可以用Ca和Sr中的至少一者来代替,一部分Ti可以用Zr来代替)为主成分的主成分粉末的工序,准备La化合物、Mg化合物、Mn化合物的工序,对主成分粉末、La化合物、Mg化合物、Mn化合物进行混合,之后,得到陶瓷浆料的工序,由陶瓷浆料得到陶瓷生片的工序,叠置陶瓷生片和内部电极层,得到烧成前的层叠体的工序,以及对烧成前的层叠体进行烧成,得到在电介质层间形成有内部电极的层叠体的工序,在将Ti和Zr的合计含量设为100摩尔份时,各元素的摩尔份含量为La:2~6摩尔份、Mg:3~5摩尔份、Mn:1.5~3摩尔份。
另外,在上述本发明的层叠陶瓷电容器或层叠陶瓷电容器的制造方法中,在将Ti和Zr的合计含量设为100摩尔份时,La的摩尔份含量优选为4~6摩尔份。
此外,在将La的含量设为100摩尔份时,Ce、Pr及Nd的合计含量优选为20摩尔份以下(包括0摩尔份)。
此外,在将La的含量设为100摩尔份时,Sm、Eu、Gd、Tb、Dy、Y、Ho及Er的合计含量优选为10摩尔份以下(包括0摩尔份)。
而且,在将La的含量设为100摩尔份时,Tm、Yb及Lu的合计含量优选为5摩尔份以下(包括0摩尔份)。
发明效果
根据本发明的电介质陶瓷,通过具有上述组成,能够提供一种即使电介质层进一步薄层化,并且施加高电场强度的电压,也具有良好的介电特性,并且高温负荷试验的寿命特性优异的层叠陶瓷电容器。
附图说明
图1为表示本发明的层叠陶瓷电容器的剖面图。
具体实施方式
以下,对用于实施本发明的方式进行说明。
图1为本发明的层叠陶瓷电容器的剖面图。
层叠陶瓷电容器1具备层叠体5。层叠体5具备层叠的多个电介质层2、以及沿着多个电介质层2间的界面形成的多个内部电极3和4。作为内部电极3和4的材质,例如可以列举以Ni为主成分的材质。
在层叠体5的外表面上彼此不同的位置处,形成有外部电极6和7。作为外部电极6和7的材质,例如可以列举以Ag或Cu作为主成分的材质。在图1所示的层叠陶瓷电容器中,外部电极6和7形成于层叠体5的相互对置的各端面上。内部电极3和4分别与外部电极6和7电连接。并且,内部电极3和4在层叠体5的内部隔着电介质层2而交替层叠。
另外,层叠陶瓷电容器1可以为具备2个外部电极6和7的二端子型电容器,也可以为具备多个外部电极的多端子型电容器。
电介质层2由电介质陶瓷构成,所述电介质陶瓷以含有Ba和Ti的钙钛矿型化合物(其中,一部分Ba可以用Ca和Sr中的至少一者来代替,一部分Ti可以用Zr来代替)为主成分,并且在将Ti和Zr的合计含量设为100摩尔份时,在2~6摩尔份的范围内含有La,在3~5摩尔份的范围内含有Mg,在1.5~3摩尔份的范围内含有Mn。如上所述,在相对于主成分而在一定量的范围内同时含有La、Mg和Mn时,可以得到高温负荷试验的寿命特性优异的层叠陶瓷电容器。
此外,在将Ti和Zr的合计含量设为100摩尔份时,更优选在4~6摩尔份的范围含有La。这种情况下,可以得到高温负荷试验的寿命特性更优异的层叠陶瓷电容器。
此外,在将La的含量设为100摩尔份时,Ce、Pr及Nd的合计含量优选为20摩尔份以下(包括0摩尔份)。此外,在将La的含量设为100摩尔份时,Sm、Eu、Gd、Tb、Dy、Y、Ho及Er的合计含量优选为10摩尔份以下(包括0摩尔份)。此外,在将La的含量为100摩尔份时,Tm、Yb及Lu的合计含量优选设为5摩尔份以下(包括0摩尔份)。在这些情况下,可以得到高温负荷试验的寿命特性更优异的层叠陶瓷电容器。
需要说明的是,Ba、Ca和Sr的合计量相对于Ti和Zr的合计量的摩尔比可以适当设定,并优选在0.98~1.05的范围内进行选择。
电介质陶瓷的原料粉末,例如可以利用固相合成法制作。具体而言,首先,将包含主成分的构成元素的氧化物、碳酸盐、氯化物、金属有机化合物等化合物粉末以规定的比例进行混合并煅烧。需说明的是,除了固相合成法以外,还可以使用共沉淀法、水热法、草酸法等。
层叠陶瓷电容器,例如,如下进行制作。使用以上述方式操作得到的电介质陶瓷的原料粉末,制作陶瓷浆料。然后,利用片成型法成型为陶瓷生片。然后,通过印刷等将会成为内部电极的导电性糊剂涂布在多个陶瓷生片中预定的陶瓷生片上。然后,将多个陶瓷生片层叠后进行压接,得到未加工的层叠体。然后,对未加工的层叠体进行烧成。在该烧成的工序中,烧成电介质陶瓷的原料粉末,可以得到由电介质陶瓷构成的电介质层。然后,通过烘烤等在层叠体的端面上形成外部电极。
接下来,基于本发明对所实施的实验例进行说明。
[实验例1]
在实验例1中,使用以钛酸钡为主成分,并且使用La、Mg及Mn相对于主成分的含量发生变化的电介质陶瓷制作层叠陶瓷电容器,实施高温负荷寿命试验。
(A)电介质陶瓷的原料粉末的制作
作为主成分的起始材料,准备BaCO3和TiO2的各粉末。然后,对它们进行称量,使Ba相对于Ti的摩尔比为1.01,并以水作为介质,使用球磨机混合一定时间。然后,在1000℃下煅烧,粉碎,得到主成分的陶瓷粉末。
接下来,作为副成分的起始材料,准备La2O3、MgCO3、MnCO3及SiO2的各粉末。然后,称量这些粉末,从而相对于主成分的陶瓷粉末中的Ti100摩尔份使La的含量为a摩尔份、使Mg的含量为b摩尔份、使Mn的含量为c摩尔份、使Si的含量为1.5摩尔份,并将它们与主成分的陶瓷粉末配合,使用球磨机在水中进行混合。然后,进行蒸发和干燥,并使La、Mg及Mn相对于主成分的含量发生变化,得到电介质陶瓷的原料粉末。表1中示出了各实验条件的试样中a、b、c的值。
需要说明的是,对所得的原料粉末进行ICP发光光谱分析,结果确认与表1所示的调制组成基本相同。
(B)层叠陶瓷电容器的制作
首先,形成会成为电介质层的陶瓷生片。具体而言,向上述原料粉末中加入聚乙烯醇缩丁醛系粘合剂和乙醇,并使用球磨机进行湿式混合。然后,利用刮刀法使该浆料成型为片状,得到陶瓷生片。
接下来,形成未加工的层叠体。具体而言,将包含Ni作为主成分的导电性糊剂丝网印刷在特定的陶瓷生片上,形成会成为内部电极的导电性糊剂膜。然后,以使导电性糊剂膜的拉出侧彼此交错的方式层叠多片形成了导电性糊剂膜的陶瓷生片,然后进行压接,形成未加工的层叠体。
接下来,对未加工的层叠体进行烧成。具体而言,首先在还原气氛中加热至300℃的温度,使粘合剂燃烧。然后,在氧分压为10-10MPa的含有H2-N2-H2O气体所形成的还原性气氛中,在1250℃的温度下烧成3小时。
使用溶剂溶解该烧成后的层叠体,并进行ICP发光光谱分析,结果确认除了内部电极成分的Ni以外,与表1所示的调制组成基本相同。
接下来,形成外部电极。具体而言,在层叠体的两端面上涂布含有B2O3-Li2O-SiO2-BaO系玻璃粉的Cu糊剂。然后,在氮气气氛中在800℃的温度下进行加热,烘烤Cu糊剂。
以上述方式操作而制作的层叠陶瓷电容器的外形尺寸为长度1.6mm、宽度3.2mm、厚度0.7mm,并且有效电介质层的层数为100层,每1层电介质层的内部电极的相向面积为2.5mm2。此外,存在于内部电极间的电介质层的厚度为3.0μm,内部电极的厚度为0.8μm。
(C)高温负荷寿命试验
对所得的层叠陶瓷电容器实施高温负荷寿命试验。
首先,在150℃的温度下,对各试样的层叠陶瓷电容器施加90V的电压,测定其绝缘电阻的经时变化。然后,用100个试样实施高温负荷寿命试验,将绝缘电阻值达到10kΩ以下的试样判定为故障,并由故障时间的威布尔分析求出50%的平均故障时间(MTTF)。此处,将MTTF为500小时以上设为良好的条件。
在表1中表示各实验条件的试样的高温负荷寿命试验的MTTF结果。需要说明的是,试样编号中带有*的试样,是本发明范围以外的试样。
[表1]
就试样编号1而言,相对于Ti100摩尔份,La的含量为1.0摩尔份,结果MTTF小。此外,就试样编号5而言,La的含量为8.0摩尔份,结果MTTF小。
就试样编号6而言,Mg的含量为2.0摩尔份,结果MTTF小。此外,就试样编号10而言,Mg的含量为6.0摩尔份,结果MTTF小。
就试样编号11而言,Mn的含量为0.5摩尔份,结果MTTF小。此外,就试样编号14而言,Mn的含量为3.5摩尔份,结果MTTF小。
另一方面,就试样编号2~4、7~9、12、13而言,La的含量为2~6摩尔份,Mg的含量为3~5摩尔份,并且Mn的含量为1.5~3摩尔份的范围,它们显示出MTTF为880小时以上的良好的寿命特性。特别是就试样编号3、4而言,La的含量为4~6摩尔份,显示出MTTF为1350小时以上的良好的寿命特性。
[实验例2]
在实验例2中,使用使La的含量、以及Re(Ce、Pr、Nd、Sm、Eu、Gd、Tb、Dy、Y、Ho、Er、Tm、Yb、Lu)元素相对于La的摩尔比的电介质陶瓷,制作层叠陶瓷电容器。
(A)电介质陶瓷的原料粉末的制作
首先,使用与实验例1相同的方法,得到主成分的陶瓷粉末。
接下来,作为副成分的起始材料,除了实验例1中示出的粉末以外,准备Ce2O3、Pr2O3、Nd2O3、Sm2O3、Eu2O3、Gd2O3、Tb2O3、Dy2O3、Y2O3、Ho2O3、Er2O3、Tm2O3、Yb2O3、Lu2O3的各粉末,并且称量这些粉末,从而相对于主成分的陶瓷粉末中的Ti100摩尔份使La的含量为a1摩尔份、使Re的含量为a2摩尔份、使Mg的含量为3摩尔份、使Mn的含量为2摩尔份、使Si的含量为1.5摩尔份,并将它们与主成分的陶瓷粉末配合,得到电介质陶瓷的原料粉末。在表2中示出各实验条件的试样中的a1、a2的值。
需要说明的是,对所得的原料粉末进行ICP发光光谱分析,确认与表2所示的调制组成基本相同。
(B)层叠陶瓷电容器的制作
使用上述电介质陶瓷的原料粉末,通过和实验例1相同的方法制作层叠陶瓷电容器。
使用溶剂溶解烧成后的层叠体,并进行ICP发光光谱分析,确认除了内部电极成分的Ni以外,与表2所示的调制组成基本相同。
(C)高温负荷寿命试验
使用与实验例1相同的方法,对所得的层叠陶瓷电容器实施高温负荷寿命试验。在表2中示出各实验条件的试样的高温负荷寿命试验的MTTF结果。
[表2]
试样编号21~35在任一条件下都显示出MTTF为510小时以上的良好的寿命特性。
特别是就试样编号21~24而言,Ce、Pr及Nd相对于La的摩尔比为0.2以下,MTTF达到800小时以上。此外,就试样编号26~30而言,Sm、Eu、Gd、Tb、Dy、Y、Ho及Er相对于La的摩尔比为0.1以下,MTTF达到790小时以上。此外,就试样编号32~34而言,Tm、Yb及Lu相对于La的摩尔比为0.05以下,MTTF达到700小时以上。
符号说明
1    层叠陶瓷电容器
2    电介质层
3、4 内部电极
5    层叠体
6、7 外部电极

Claims (12)

1.一种层叠陶瓷电容器,其具备层叠体和多个外部电极,所述层叠体具有层叠的多个电介质层和沿着所述电介质层间的界面形成的多个内部电极,所述外部电极形成于所述层叠体的外表面、并与所述内部电极电连接,所述层叠陶瓷电容器的特征在于,
所述层叠体的组成以含有Ba和Ti的钙钛矿型化合物为主成分,并且还含有La、Mg和Mn,其中,一部分Ba任选地用Ca和Sr中的至少一者来代替,一部分Ti任选地用Zr来代替,
在将使用溶剂溶解所述层叠体时的Ti和Zr的合计含量设为100摩尔份时,各元素的摩尔份含量为
La:4~6摩尔份、
Mg:3~5摩尔份、
Mn:1.5~3摩尔份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的层叠陶瓷电容器,其特征在于,在将使用溶剂溶解所述层叠体时的La的含量设为100摩尔份时,Ce、Pr及Nd的合计含量为20摩尔份以下且包括0摩尔份。
3.根据权利要求1所述的层叠陶瓷电容器,其特征在于,在将使用溶剂溶解所述层叠体时的La的含量设为100摩尔份时,Sm、Eu、Gd、Tb、Dy、Y、Ho及Er的合计含量为10摩尔份以下且包括0摩尔份。
4.根据权利要求1所述的层叠陶瓷电容器,其特征在于,在将使用溶剂溶解所述层叠体时的La的含量设为100摩尔份时,Tm、Yb及Lu的合计含量为5摩尔份以下且包括0摩尔份。
5.一种层叠陶瓷电容器,其具备层叠体和多个外部电极,所述层叠体具有层叠的多个电介质层和沿着所述电介质层间的界面形成的多个内部电极,所述外部电极形成于所述层叠体的外表面、并与所述内部电极电连接,所述层叠陶瓷电容器的特征在于,
所述电介质层的组成以含有Ba和Ti的钙钛矿型化合物为主成分,并且还含有La、Mg和Mn,其中,一部分Ba任选地用Ca和Sr中的至少一者来代替,一部分Ti任选地用Zr来代替,
在将Ti和Zr的合计含量设为100摩尔份时,各元素的摩尔份含量为
La:4~6摩尔份、
Mg:3~5摩尔份、
Mn:1.5~3摩尔份。
6.根据权利要求5所述的层叠陶瓷电容器,其特征在于,就所述电介质层的组成而言,在将La的含量设为100摩尔份时,Ce、Pr及Nd的合计含量为20摩尔份以下且包括0摩尔份。
7.根据权利要求5所述的层叠陶瓷电容器,其特征在于,所述电介质层的组成是,在将La的含量设为100摩尔份时,Sm、Eu、Gd、Tb、Dy、Y、Ho及Er的合计含量为10摩尔份以下且包括0摩尔份。
8.根据权利要求5所述的层叠陶瓷电容器,其特征在于,就所述电介质层的组成而言,在将La的含量设为100摩尔份时,Tm、Yb及Lu的合计含量为5摩尔份以下且包括0摩尔份。
9.一种层叠陶瓷电容器的制造方法,其特征在于,包括如下工序:
准备以含有Ba和Ti的钙钛矿型化合物为主成分的主成分粉末的工序,其中,一部分Ba任选地用Ca和Sr中的至少一者来代替,一部分Ti任选地用Zr来代替,
准备La化合物、Mg化合物、Mn化合物的工序,
对所述主成分粉末、所述La化合物、Mg化合物、Mn化合物进行混合,之后,得到陶瓷浆料的工序,
由所述陶瓷浆料得到陶瓷生片的工序,
叠置所述陶瓷生片和内部电极层,得到烧成前的层叠体的工序,以及
对所述烧成前的层叠体进行烧成,得到在电介质层间形成有内部电极的层叠体的工序,
在将Ti和Zr的合计含量设为100摩尔份时,各元素的摩尔份含量为
La:4~6摩尔份、
Mg:3~5摩尔份、
Mn:1.5~3摩尔份。
10.根据权利要求9所述的层叠陶瓷电容器的制造方法,其特征在于,在将La的含量设为100摩尔份时,Ce、Pr及Nd的合计含量为20摩尔份以下且包括0摩尔份。
11.根据权利要求9所述的层叠陶瓷电容器的制造方法,其特征在于,在将La的含量设为100摩尔份时,Sm、Eu、Gd、Tb、Dy、Y、Ho及Er的合计含量为10摩尔份以下且包括0摩尔份。
12.根据权利要求9所述的层叠陶瓷电容器的制造方法,其特征在于,在将La的含量设为100摩尔份时,Tm、Yb及Lu的合计含量为5摩尔份以下且包括0摩尔份。
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