CN103238442A - Method for culturing vegetative shoot of rosa hybrida - Google Patents
Method for culturing vegetative shoot of rosa hybrida Download PDFInfo
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- CN103238442A CN103238442A CN2013101840967A CN201310184096A CN103238442A CN 103238442 A CN103238442 A CN 103238442A CN 2013101840967 A CN2013101840967 A CN 2013101840967A CN 201310184096 A CN201310184096 A CN 201310184096A CN 103238442 A CN103238442 A CN 103238442A
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Abstract
The invention provides a method for culturing a vegetative shoot of rosa hybrida. The method includes: cultivating rosa hybrida cutting seeding, growing and trimming a first-class branch, enabling a second-class branch to sprout on the first-class branch trimming position, growing and trimming the second-class branch, twisting the first-class branch portion 3-4cm away from a base portion when the second-class branch is matured to damage the inside of the branch in a mode that the cortex cannot be damaged and the branch cannot be broken, enabling the twisted portion of the branch to be bent and drop naturally due to the fact that no supporting exists, performing medicine prevention on the twisted position, enabling the vegetations to grow until a sprout grows on the base portion of the first-class branch and obtaining the vegetative shoot. By means of the method for culturing the vegetative shoot of rosa hybrida, the sprouting time of rosa hybrida branches is shortened by utilizing the sprouting characteristics of the rosa hybrida branches, the problem of difficult pest management and high cost caused by multiple layering and branch overlapping can be solved, continuous photosynthetic capacity can be provided to growing of the branches, and quality and yield of the rosa hybrida can be improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of cultural method of Chinese rose of cut flower cultivation vegetative shoot in seedling stage, belong to plant
The standardization plantationTechnical field.
Background technology
Chinese rose (
Rosa hybrida) be rose family Rosa woody plant, be the big cut-flower of the first in the world.The Chinese rose fresh cut-flowers is produced and is developed into the intensive High-efficient Production of facility gradually from initial outdoor cropping, and on the basis that ensures product quality, high yield is the main target that the countries in the world producer pursues.
The cultivation of folding branch is that the ideal cultivation mode that draws is summed up by for many years the Chinese rose of cut flower production technology being explored in countries in the world, has played important function to improving the Chinese rose of cut flower yield and quality.Function and purposes according to cut rose flower plant branch are divided into cut-flower branch and vegetative shoot.Behind the seedling plant folding branch, the pin bud that sends from the plant base portion claims the one-level branch, and the branch that sends on the one-level branch is the secondary branch, and the branch that sends on the secondary branch is three grades of branches.In the Chinese rose of cut flower production process, common folding branch is in order to cultivate bloom branch, vegetative shoot and regulation florescence, and it is vegetative shoot that the thinner and more delicate branch folding branch in the folding branch process except the branch of blooming is cultivated.
The vegetative shoot of Chinese rose of cut flower refers to that the plant side that favours that forms by press strip only carries out photosynthesis provides nutrient for plant branch in the cut-flower production process.The state of Chinese rose of cut flower vegetative shoot directly affects growing way, output and the product quality of plant, and healthy reasonably vegetative shoot has decisive role to realizing Chinese rose of cut flower production extra earning.
At present more common vegetative shoot cultural method is that single branch layer becomes vegetative shoot, and firm existing bud is extractd in cuttage seeding new first order shoot growth to 40～50 of sprouting in seedling stage centimetre, treats that branch is formed to carry out layer after ripe, as vegetative shoot; The thicker conduct of branch of sprouting from the base portion branch of blooming, thinner continuation layer is as vegetative shoot.The downward kinking of exerting oneself of the position that need roll over a holds branch during operation, another hand is pressed on branch under the layer rope, can depress after distance root 10 centimeters are with the branch kinking thick branch again, and the branch that fractures is avoided in bimanualness when noting kinking.The cultural method of this kind vegetative shoot needs layer rope (iron wire or nylon wire) in distance seedling 25～30 centimeters, strains and fixes with iron stake or timber on the both sides of field planting furrow, and all branches of making vegetative shoot all are pressed on layer rope below.There are the following problems for this kind vegetative shoot cultural method: 1. plant strain growth is slow relatively, and the cuttage seeding one-level divides branch growth slow, and it is slow to sprout a speed behind the layer, and single vegetative shoot majority is more thin and weak, and the photosynthetic usefulness supply of a large amount of sprays can not be satisfied the plant demand to the later stage; 2. the repetition layer of vegetative shoot, mechanical wound is many, and radical leaves is untreated etc. and causes the production management workload big, and damage by disease and insect prevention and control cost is higher, can form to drop into and the vicious circle of output, and it is lower that production efficiency is more drilled, the purpose of inaccessible High-efficient Production; 3. need the layer rope, the medicament in the later stage damage by disease and insect prevention and control process is sprayed brought huge difficulty, especially in the harm process of the main insect two spotted spider mite of Chinese rose, the prevention and control cost is too high and effect is not thorough.
Summary of the invention
For overcome plant strain growth slow, be difficult to problems such as high yield and damage by disease and insect prevention and control effect be bad, the present invention utilizes growth characteristics and the efficient cultivation management demand of Chinese rose of cut flower kind, a kind of vegetative shoot cultural method in seedling stage of Chinese rose of cut flower High-efficient Production is provided, to reducing the production management cost, improve the Chinese rose of cut flower quality and yield and play an important role, especially provide technical support for Chinese rose of cut flower standardization High-efficient Production.
The present invention realizes by following technical proposal: a kind of method of Chinese rose of cut flower high-efficient culture vegetative shoot is characterized in that through the following step:
(1) the Chinese rose seedling of long 2～4 centimetres of the female leaf of well developed root system, plugged ear is intact, spray is cultivated routinely, carry out water management therebetween routinely, keep ground moistening, grow to 10～15 centimetres until the spray of Chinese rose seedling, and the spray upper blade is launched, and becomes the one-level branch;
(2) from the 5 leaflet positions excision of the one-level branch of step (1) upper end and abandon, allow the plant continued growth, sprout from the position of being pruned and become the secondary branch until new spray;
(3) treat secondary branch growth to 30～45 centimetre of step (2), and when bud occurring, excise in the lump and abandon together with bud from secondary branch upper end 3 little leaf sites, allow the continued growth of secondary branch;
When (4) the secondary branch for the treatment of step (3) grows to full maturity routinely, the one-level branch is all extractd apart from the blade in base portion 8～10 cm range, and the one-level branch position of distance base portion 3～4 centimeters twisted, make the branch internal sabotage, but do not injure cortex, the branch that do not fracture makes branch sprain the position and does not hang because there being the natural torsion of support;
(5) comprehensive medicament prevention is carried out at the position of spraining of the branch that hangs of step (4), and along with the growth of plant, when one-level branch base portion is sprouted sprouting, namely obtained vegetative shoot.
In the described step (1) during conventional water management, be that 50～70% sunshade net shades at high temperature season with the rate of shading, prevent the tender shoots necrosis.
The secondary branch full maturity of described step (4) refers to: the secondary branch back branches and leaves of pinching are cultured to that branch is strong, blade is abundant and be bottle green, and have blind blastogenesis to become at the most advanced and sophisticated 3 little leaf sites of branch.
When in the described step (4) branch being twisted, need regularly to clean both hands, prevent that germ from alternately infecting.
The position of spraining to the branch that hangs in the described step (5) is carried out the prevention of comprehensive medicament and is referred to: be diluted to 1500～8000 times solution with the tpn wetting powder, spray spraining the position, perhaps finish spraining the medicament sterilization at position in conjunction with conventional greenhouse prevention of damage by disease.
The present invention possesses following advantage and effect:
(1) the present invention has taken full advantage of Chinese rose branch sprouting characteristic, once pruning from one-level branch 5 leaflets promotes shoot to sprout, second pruning suppresses spray from secondary branch 3 leaflets to be sprouted, and has shortened the sprout time that produces spray, accelerates to enter the production phase;
(2) the disposable vegetative shoot of cultivating individual plant cut-flower plant of the present invention, do not need vegetative shoot to press rope, base portion has been removed plant leaf for 6～10 centimetres, increase thick after the layer gradually with growth, ensure the efficient provision of nutrient, avoided repeatedly the big and too high problem of production cost of the overlapping pest management difficulty of bringing of layer and branch;
(3) Chang Gui cultivation mode directly selects thin and delicate branch as vegetative shoot, vegetative shoot in seedling stage of the present invention vegetative shoot cultural method is made of second branch, the one-level branch is treated after the second branch growth and maturity comparatively sturdy, ensured the efficient provision of nutrient, though spent the more time in the vegetative shoot cultivation in early stage, but vegetative shoot will provide photosynthetic production capacity endlessly for the growth of spray, and the cut-flower quality and yield in later stage is had significant facilitation.
Embodiment
The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with embodiment.
Embodiment 1
(1) the Chinese rose seedling of long 2 centimetres of the female leaf of well developed root system, plugged ear is intact, spray is cultivated routinely, carry out water management therebetween routinely, keep ground moistening, be that 50% shade net shades at high temperature season with the rate of shading, prevent the tender shoots necrosis, spray until the Chinese rose seedling grows to 10 centimetres, and the expansion of spray upper blade, becomes the one-level branch;
(2) from the 5 leaflet positions excision of the one-level branch of step (1) upper end and abandon, allow the plant continued growth, sprout from the position of being pruned and become the secondary branch until new spray;
(3) treat the secondary branch growth to 30 centimetre of step (2), and when bud occurring, excise in the lump and abandon together with bud from secondary branch upper end 3 little leaf sites, produce spray to suppress it, also reduced simultaneously the consumption of soil nutrient, allowed the continued growth of secondary branch afterwards;
(4) the secondary branch for the treatment of step (3) grows to routinely that branch is strong, blade is abundant and be bottle green, and when the most advanced and sophisticated 3 little leaf sites of branch have blind blastogenesis to become, the one-level branch is all extractd apart from the blade in base portion 8 cm range, and the one-level branch position of distance base portion 3 centimeters is twisted, make the branch internal sabotage, but do not injure cortex, the branch that do not fracture makes branch sprain the position and does not hang because there being the natural torsion of support, during twisting, need regularly to clean both hands, prevent that germ from alternately infecting;
(5) to the position of spraining of the branch that hangs of step (4), be diluted to 1500 times solution with the tpn wetting powder, spray spraining the position, to carry out comprehensive medicament prevention, and along with the growth of plant, when one-level branch base portion is sprouted sprouting, namely obtain vegetative shoot.
Embodiment 2
(1) the Chinese rose seedling of long 4 centimetres of the female leaf of well developed root system, plugged ear is intact, spray is cultivated routinely, carry out water management therebetween routinely, keep ground moistening, be that 70% shade net shades at high temperature season with the rate of shading, prevent the tender shoots necrosis, spray until the Chinese rose seedling grows to 15 centimetres, and the expansion of spray upper blade, becomes the one-level branch;
(2) from the 5 leaflet positions excision of the one-level branch of step (1) upper end and abandon, allow the plant continued growth, sprout from the position of being pruned and become the secondary branch until new spray;
(3) treat the secondary branch growth to 45 centimetre of step (2), and when bud occurring, excise in the lump and abandon together with bud from secondary branch upper end 3 little leaf sites, produce spray to suppress it, also reduced simultaneously the consumption of soil nutrient, allowed the continued growth of secondary branch afterwards;
(4) the secondary branch for the treatment of step (3) grows to routinely that branch is strong, blade is abundant and be bottle green, and when the most advanced and sophisticated 3 little leaf sites of branch have blind blastogenesis to become, the one-level branch is all extractd apart from the blade in base portion 10 cm range, and the one-level branch position of distance base portion 4 centimeters is twisted, make the branch internal sabotage, but do not injure cortex, the branch that do not fracture makes branch sprain the position and does not hang because there being the natural torsion of support, during twisting, need regularly to clean both hands, prevent that germ from alternately infecting;
(5) to the position of spraining of the branch that hangs of step (4), be diluted to 8000 times solution with the tpn wetting powder, spray spraining the position, to carry out comprehensive medicament prevention, and along with the growth of plant, when one-level branch base portion is sprouted sprouting, namely obtain vegetative shoot.
Embodiment 3
(1) the Chinese rose seedling of long 3 centimetres of the female leaf of well developed root system, plugged ear is intact, spray is cultivated routinely, carry out water management therebetween routinely, keep ground moistening, be that 60% shade net shades at high temperature season with the rate of shading, prevent the tender shoots necrosis, spray until the Chinese rose seedling grows to 12 centimetres, and the expansion of spray upper blade, becomes the one-level branch;
(2) from the 5 leaflet positions excision of the one-level branch of step (1) upper end and abandon, allow the plant continued growth, sprout from the position of being pruned and become the secondary branch until new spray;
(3) treat the secondary branch growth to 40 centimetre of step (2), and when bud occurring, excise in the lump and abandon together with bud from secondary branch upper end 3 little leaf sites, produce spray to suppress it, also reduced simultaneously the consumption of soil nutrient, allowed the continued growth of secondary branch afterwards;
(4) the secondary branch for the treatment of step (3) grows to routinely that branch is strong, blade is abundant and be bottle green, and when the most advanced and sophisticated 3 little leaf sites of branch have blind blastogenesis to become, the one-level branch is all extractd apart from the blade in base portion 9 cm range, and the one-level branch position of distance base portion 3 centimeters is twisted, make the branch internal sabotage, but do not injure cortex, the branch that do not fracture makes branch sprain the position and does not hang because there being the natural torsion of support, during twisting, need regularly to clean both hands, prevent that germ from alternately infecting;
(5) to the position of spraining of the branch that hangs of step (4), the greenhouse prevention of damage by disease is finished spraining the medicament sterilization at position routinely, and along with the growth of plant, when one-level branch base portion is sprouted sprouting, namely obtains vegetative shoot.
Claims (5)
1. the method for a Chinese rose of cut flower high-efficient culture vegetative shoot is characterized in that through the following step:
(1) the Chinese rose seedling of long 2～4 centimetres of the female leaf of well developed root system, plugged ear is intact, spray is cultivated routinely, carry out water management therebetween routinely, keep ground moistening, grow to 10～15 centimetres until the spray of Chinese rose seedling, and the spray upper blade is launched, and becomes the one-level branch;
(2) from the 5 leaflet positions excision of the one-level branch of step (1) upper end and abandon, allow the plant continued growth, sprout from the position of being pruned and become the secondary branch until new spray;
(3) treat secondary branch growth to 30～45 centimetre of step (2), and when bud occurring, excise in the lump and abandon together with bud from secondary branch upper end 3 little leaf sites, allow the continued growth of secondary branch;
When (4) the secondary branch for the treatment of step (3) grows to full maturity routinely, the one-level branch is all extractd apart from the blade in base portion 8～10 cm range, and the one-level branch position of distance base portion 3～4 centimeters twisted, make the branch internal sabotage, but do not injure cortex, the branch that do not fracture makes branch sprain the position and does not hang because there being the natural torsion of support;
(5) comprehensive medicament prevention is carried out at the position of spraining of the branch that hangs of step (4), and along with the growth of plant, when one-level branch base portion is sprouted sprouting, namely obtained vegetative shoot.
2. the method for Chinese rose of cut flower high-efficient culture vegetative shoot according to claim 1 is characterized in that: in the described step (1) during conventional water management, be that 50～70% sunshade net shades at high temperature season with the rate of shading, prevent the tender shoots necrosis.
3. the method for Chinese rose of cut flower high-efficient culture vegetative shoot according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the secondary branch full maturity of described step (4) refers to: the secondary branch back branches and leaves of pinching are cultured to that branch is strong, blade is abundant and be bottle green, and have blind blastogenesis to become at the position of most advanced and sophisticated 3 leaflets of branch.
4. the method for Chinese rose of cut flower high-efficient culture vegetative shoot according to claim 1 is characterized in that: when in the described step (4) branch being twisted, need regularly to clean both hands, prevent that germ from alternately infecting.
5. the method for Chinese rose of cut flower high-efficient culture vegetative shoot according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the position of spraining to the branch that hangs in the described step (5) is carried out the prevention of comprehensive medicament and is referred to: be diluted to 1500～8000 times solution with the tpn wetting powder, spray spraining the position, perhaps finish spraining the medicament sterilization at position in conjunction with conventional greenhouse prevention of damage by disease.
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Cited By (11)
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| CN103947471A (en) * | 2014-04-04 | 2014-07-30 | 焦作市新区新绿种植专业合作社 | Treatment method for planting cut rose in high-temperature environment |
| CN104255307A (en) * | 2014-08-29 | 2015-01-07 | 周景龙 | Grafting method of Chinese roses |
| CN104542040A (en) * | 2015-02-04 | 2015-04-29 | 云南丰德生物科技有限公司 | Pruning method of oil rose |
| CN104541887A (en) * | 2015-01-09 | 2015-04-29 | 云南云秀花卉有限公司 | Film-covered Chinese rose single bud cutting propagation method |
| CN104686116A (en) * | 2013-12-06 | 2015-06-10 | 江苏省中国科学院植物研究所 | Topping and cutting propagation method for energy crop--silvergrass |
| CN105103920A (en) * | 2015-09-17 | 2015-12-02 | 江苏农林职业技术学院 | Cut rose tree shape cultivation method |
| CN105830693A (en) * | 2016-03-29 | 2016-08-10 | 赵洋 | High stubble flower cutting technology for cold region roses |
| CN106718722A (en) * | 2016-11-24 | 2017-05-31 | 广西大学 | A kind of potted plant Chinese rose of cut flower soilless culture method |
| CN110521481A (en) * | 2019-09-21 | 2019-12-03 | 云南省农业科学院花卉研究所 | A kind of Chinese rose of cut flower spray breeding method of high-yield quick |
| CN114467602A (en) * | 2022-01-21 | 2022-05-13 | 江苏省农业科学院宿迁农科所 | Method for rapidly rejuvenating Chinese rose seedlings |
| CN117243103A (en) * | 2023-11-15 | 2023-12-19 | 云南省农业科学院花卉研究所 | Method for cultivating flowers and branches at stump openings of cut-flower rose matrix cultivation tree |
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| CN104686116A (en) * | 2013-12-06 | 2015-06-10 | 江苏省中国科学院植物研究所 | Topping and cutting propagation method for energy crop--silvergrass |
| CN104686116B (en) * | 2013-12-06 | 2018-05-11 | 江苏省中国科学院植物研究所 | Energy crop reed topping cuttage breeding method |
| CN103947471A (en) * | 2014-04-04 | 2014-07-30 | 焦作市新区新绿种植专业合作社 | Treatment method for planting cut rose in high-temperature environment |
| CN104255307A (en) * | 2014-08-29 | 2015-01-07 | 周景龙 | Grafting method of Chinese roses |
| CN104541887A (en) * | 2015-01-09 | 2015-04-29 | 云南云秀花卉有限公司 | Film-covered Chinese rose single bud cutting propagation method |
| CN104542040A (en) * | 2015-02-04 | 2015-04-29 | 云南丰德生物科技有限公司 | Pruning method of oil rose |
| CN104542040B (en) * | 2015-02-04 | 2016-11-30 | 云南丰德生物科技有限公司 | A kind of pruning method of rose for oil |
| CN105103920A (en) * | 2015-09-17 | 2015-12-02 | 江苏农林职业技术学院 | Cut rose tree shape cultivation method |
| CN105103920B (en) * | 2015-09-17 | 2017-07-11 | 江苏农林职业技术学院 | A kind of Chinese rose of cut flower tree-shaped breeding method |
| CN105830693B (en) * | 2016-03-29 | 2018-12-11 | 赵洋 | Cold ground rose height stake cut-flower method |
| CN105830693A (en) * | 2016-03-29 | 2016-08-10 | 赵洋 | High stubble flower cutting technology for cold region roses |
| CN106718722A (en) * | 2016-11-24 | 2017-05-31 | 广西大学 | A kind of potted plant Chinese rose of cut flower soilless culture method |
| CN110521481A (en) * | 2019-09-21 | 2019-12-03 | 云南省农业科学院花卉研究所 | A kind of Chinese rose of cut flower spray breeding method of high-yield quick |
| CN110521481B (en) * | 2019-09-21 | 2021-11-02 | 云南省农业科学院花卉研究所 | Method for cultivating flowering branches of cut-flower Chinese roses at high yield quickly |
| CN114467602A (en) * | 2022-01-21 | 2022-05-13 | 江苏省农业科学院宿迁农科所 | Method for rapidly rejuvenating Chinese rose seedlings |
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| CN117243103B (en) * | 2023-11-15 | 2024-02-20 | 云南省农业科学院花卉研究所 | Method for cultivating flowers and branches at stump openings of cut-flower rose matrix cultivation tree |
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