CN104542040A - Pruning method of oil rose - Google Patents
Pruning method of oil rose Download PDFInfo
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- CN104542040A CN104542040A CN201510057891.9A CN201510057891A CN104542040A CN 104542040 A CN104542040 A CN 104542040A CN 201510057891 A CN201510057891 A CN 201510057891A CN 104542040 A CN104542040 A CN 104542040A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G7/00—Botany in general
- A01G7/06—Treatment of growing trees or plants, e.g. for preventing decay of wood, for tingeing flowers or wood, for prolonging the life of plants
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Abstract
The invention discloses a pruning method of oil rose. The method comprises the following steps: 1) when the growth length of the side branches of rose plants reaches 15-20cm, performing first topping; 2) remaining about 10-15cm bud stick after the first topping; 3) when the growth length of the new buds after the first topping reaches 20-25cm, performing second branch shaping and pruning; 4) when the average number of bud sticks on each plant is 20-40 and the plant is 55-65cm high after the second branch trimming, performing third pruning on the plant with fewer than 40 bud sticks; 5) performing seedling-stage topdressing on the whole-field plants before the third pruning; 6) basically keeping over 45-50 effectively-growing bud sticks for each plant; and 7) cutting the long branches from the base. According to the method, the forming time of rose is remarkably shortened, and an ideal single-plant crown structure can be effectively formed in a short period.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of trimming method of rose for oil.
Background technology
Rose for oil refers to all rose varieties extracted for Rosa Damascana, comprising: Damask Rose, Rosa centifolia, Ping Yin Rose, bitter water rose etc., this method is particularly useful for first two rose for oil.Because rose for oil mainly improves the quantity of branch of blooming in cultivation, to reach the object increasing flower output.
But the cultivation of rose for oil of the prior art is pruned process and be there is following defect:
1, infrastructure branch stays branch partially long, is unfavorable for the reasonable layout supporting major branch and flower bar branch.
2, conventional method does not emphasize that the pruning of Seedling Stage and branch control, and causes unnecessary long branch and nutrition waste.
3, too much emphasize that the pruning of old branch and water sprout controls, have ignored the reasonable management and control of newborn branch.
4, to retain basic branch long for early growth period, and cause upper and lower two parts out of proportion, crown type is unreasonable.
5, prune early stage and require that inconsistent and randomness is comparatively strong, be unfavorable for the middle and later periods management of plant.
6, prune greatly random full vegetative period, cause flower bar skewness, the flower amount at florescence reduces.
7, existing crown type is pruned finishing technique and is ignored the regulation and control of the plant nutrition before and after pruning.
8, the pruning technique extensively adopted now ignores the regulation and control that overground part and underground part are grown, and causes the considerable influence to plant development.
Existing trimming method and unordered pruning can cause larger injury to plant strain growth, and cause plant strain growth to delay, flower yield obviously reduces.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to provide a kind of trimming method of rose for oil, the method makes the shaping required time of rose significantly reduce, the adjustment of the time and space with coordinate compact, quantitative and qualitative is strictly reasonable, match technology means and method distinct perfect, form desirable individual plant crown structure the most in a short time.
For solving the problem, the present invention adopts following technical scheme:
A trimming method for rose for oil, comprises the following steps:
1) when the rose plant side of whole growing area 80%-86% send out shoot growth length reach 15-20 centimetre time, carry out first time to pinch, 5-6 days before pinching, carry out spraying of full field leaf nutritive agent, the total concentration of the leaf nutritive agent sprayed is 5-8 ‰, and use urge root liquid the strong sprout of preparation simultaneously, also need to spray bactericide under rainy season or the higher environment of temp. and humidity;
2) retain the budling length of about 10-15 centimetre after pinching for the first time, each budling retains at least 3 eyes; When 6-10 is grown in the newborn blastogenesis of every strain after 7-10 days, irrigate to join in conjunction with moisture and execute compound fertilizer, using the plot of base manure or base fertilizer can exempt to execute compound fertilizer;
3) until first time pinch after newly sprouting regrow length reach 20-25 centimetre time, carry out the pruning of second time branch, pruning before within 3-5 days, carry out spraying of full field leaf nutritive agent, spraying total concentration is 5-8 ‰, and uses urge root liquid the strong sprout of preparation simultaneously; Meet hot and humid weather environment and need use the pre-disease prevention of bactericide; During pruning, sprouting retains the length of 15-20 centimetre, 3-4 eye;
4), after the finishing of second time branch, average every strain budling is 20-40, during plant height 55-65 centimetre; Budling quantity is less than to the plant of 40, need to carry out third time and prune, third time is trimmed to selectivity and prunes, on the basis that second time is pruned, after the growth of 20-25 days, the budling selecting upper growth strong carries out pinching disconnected branch, leaves 3-4 eye; Carry out spraying of full field leaf nutritive agent immediately after pruning, spraying total concentration is 5-8 ‰, and uses urge root liquid the strong sprout of preparation simultaneously, and with the use of the pre-disease prevention of bactericide;
5) third time prunes front 5-7 days, tackle full field plant and carry out topdressing of seedling stage, topdress as nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer and potash fertilizer, the additional ratio of nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer and potash fertilizer is 15:15:15, every strain rose plant applies 50-60 gram, and combine water, object be promotes newborn budling ramp and but three times prune after branch sprouting;
6), after having pruned for the third time, full field individual plant plant keeps more than 45-50 effectively to grow budling substantially;
7) in pruning process, must cut for long shoot bar from branch base portion is short, retain eye 2-3, determine according to internode length, internode is long then stays eye less, and internode is short stays 3-4, is advisable in 35 centimetres with branch length.
As preferred technical scheme, urge root liquid constituent described strong sprout and comprise potassium para-nitrophenate (sodium), methyl α-naphthyl acetate potassium (sodium), butyric acid potassium (sodium), potassium dihydrogen phosphate, trace element compound fertilizer and amino-acid state composite fertilizer.
As preferred technical scheme, described bactericide is the one in inorganic fungicide, organosulfureous fungicide, organic phosphor arsenic bactericide, substituted beneze-group fungicides, azoles fungicide, Antibiotics bactericide.
As preferred technical scheme, described nutritional agents comprises full nutrient amino acids foliage fertilizer, the potassium dihydrogen phosphate of 0.5% concentration and the urea of 0.2% concentration.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: the shaping required time significantly reduces, the adjustment of the time and space with coordinate compact, quantitative and qualitative strictly rationally, match technology means and method distinct perfect, form desirable individual plant crown structure the most in a short time.
1. conventional produce in the pruning of plant too late, too much nutrient component has been consumed in the growth of invalid branch, and to the larger harmful effect of growing of plant, unit nutrient efficiency is being greatly reduced virtually.The present invention effectively facilitates the generation quantity of the effective spray of unit are at the plant strain growth initial stage, reduces labour intensity.
2. forming effective plant crown type and high-efficiency photosynthetic affected population as early as possible, no matter for the photosynthetic efficiency of individual plant or effectively nourishing and growing of colony, is all very favourable.The method can the utilization ratio of effective raising unit Mineral nutrients by a relatively large margin, and increases substantially production efficiency and the utilization ratio of plant organic nutrient.
3. the present invention changes conventional rose plant and Pruning model, emphasizes that early stage prunes, forms reasonable plant crown type rapidly.Avoid that full field plant branch amount in general planting is few and single branch growth is long, the defective mode that effective branch cannot be formed, avoid the long branch in field simultaneously and prune the overall damage of the plant of causing seriously, root system is pruned because of overground part the root system atrophy situation that causes and is occurred, and also effectively reduces a large amount of wastes of middle and later periods branch pruning to labour.
4. according to the method for the invention, because the optimum management technology of individual plant and colony is implemented early than conventional cultivation, no matter all effectively improve from mineral nutrition utilization and organotrophic combined coefficient, and the very effective waste avoiding plant organic nutrition synthesising part and the damage be subject to.When first time gathers in the crops full field fresh flower, average yield can improve more than 50-80% than conventional cultivation method.
Embodiment
A trimming method for rose for oil, draw together following steps:
1) when the rose plant side of whole growing area 80%-86% send out shoot growth length reach 15-20 centimetre time, carry out first time to pinch, 5-6 days before pinching, carry out spraying of full field leaf nutritive agent, the total concentration of the leaf nutritive agent sprayed is 5-8 ‰, and use urge root liquid the strong sprout of preparation simultaneously, also need to spray bactericide under rainy season or the higher environment of temp. and humidity;
2) retain the budling length of about 10-15 centimetre after pinching for the first time, each budling retains at least 3 eyes; When 6-10 is grown in the newborn blastogenesis of every strain after 7-10 days, irrigate to join in conjunction with moisture and execute compound fertilizer, using the plot of base manure or base fertilizer can exempt to execute compound fertilizer;
3) until first time pinch after newly sprouting regrow length reach 20-25 centimetre time, carry out the pruning of second time branch, pruning before within 3-5 days, carry out spraying of full field leaf nutritive agent, spraying total concentration is 5-8 ‰, and uses urge root liquid the strong sprout of preparation simultaneously; Meet hot and humid weather environment and need use the pre-disease prevention of bactericide; During pruning, sprouting retains the length of 15-20 centimetre, 3-4 eye;
4), after the finishing of second time branch, average every strain budling is 20-40, during plant height 55-65 centimetre; Budling quantity is less than to the plant of 40, need to carry out third time and prune, third time is trimmed to selectivity and prunes, on the basis that second time is pruned, after the growth of 20-25 days, the budling selecting upper growth strong carries out pinching disconnected branch, leaves 3-4 eye; Carry out spraying of full field leaf nutritive agent immediately after pruning, spraying total concentration is 5-8 ‰, and uses urge root liquid the strong sprout of preparation simultaneously, and with the use of the pre-disease prevention of bactericide;
5) third time prunes front 5-7 days, tackle full field plant and carry out topdressing of seedling stage, topdress as nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer and potash fertilizer, the additional ratio of nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer and potash fertilizer is 15:15:15, every strain rose plant applies 50-60 gram, and combine water, object be promotes newborn budling ramp and but three times prune after branch sprouting;
6), after having pruned for the third time, full field individual plant plant keeps more than 45-50 effectively to grow budling substantially;
7) in pruning process, must cut for long shoot bar from branch base portion is short, retain eye 2-3, determine according to internode length, internode is long then stays eye less, and internode is short stays 3-4, is advisable in 35 centimetres with branch length.
Urge root liquid constituent described strong sprout and comprise potassium para-nitrophenate (sodium), methyl α-naphthyl acetate potassium (sodium), butyric acid potassium (sodium), potassium dihydrogen phosphate, trace element compound fertilizer and amino-acid state composite fertilizer.
Described bactericide is the one in inorganic fungicide, organosulfureous fungicide, organic phosphor arsenic bactericide, substituted beneze-group fungicides, azoles fungicide, Antibiotics bactericide.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: the shaping required time significantly reduces, the adjustment of the time and space with coordinate compact, quantitative and qualitative strictly rationally, match technology means and method distinct perfect, form desirable individual plant crown structure the most in a short time.
1. conventional produce in the pruning of plant too late, too much nutrient component has been consumed in the growth of invalid branch, and to the larger harmful effect of growing of plant, unit nutrient efficiency is being greatly reduced virtually.The present invention effectively facilitates the generation quantity of the effective spray of unit are at the plant strain growth initial stage, reduces labour intensity.
2. forming effective plant crown type and high-efficiency photosynthetic affected population as early as possible, no matter for the photosynthetic efficiency of individual plant or effectively nourishing and growing of colony, is all very favourable.The method can the utilization ratio of effective raising unit Mineral nutrients by a relatively large margin, and increases substantially production efficiency and the utilization ratio of plant organic nutrient.
3. the present invention changes conventional rose plant and Pruning model, emphasizes that early stage prunes, forms reasonable plant crown type rapidly.Avoid that full field plant branch amount in general planting is few and single branch growth is long, the defective mode that effective branch cannot be formed, avoid the long branch in field simultaneously and prune the overall damage of the plant of causing seriously, root system is pruned because of overground part the root system atrophy situation that causes and is occurred, and also effectively reduces a large amount of wastes of middle and later periods branch pruning to labour.
4. according to the method for the invention, because the optimum management technology of individual plant and colony is implemented early than conventional cultivation, no matter all effectively improve from mineral nutrition utilization and organotrophic combined coefficient, and the very effective waste avoiding plant organic nutrition synthesising part and the damage be subject to.When first time gathers in the crops full field fresh flower, average yield can improve more than 50-80% than conventional cultivation method.
Embodiment 1
1) when the rose plant side of whole growing area 80% send out shoot growth length reach 15 centimetres time, carry out first time to pinch, pinch first 5 days, carry out spraying of full field leaf nutritive agent, the total concentration of the leaf nutritive agent sprayed is 5 ‰, and use urge root liquid the strong sprout of preparation simultaneously, also need to spray bactericide under rainy season or the higher environment of temp. and humidity;
2) retain the budling length of about 10 centimetres after pinching for the first time, each budling retains at least 3 eyes; When the newborn blastogenesis of every strain grows to 6 after 7 days, irrigate to join in conjunction with moisture and execute compound fertilizer, using the plot of base manure or base fertilizer can exempt to execute compound fertilizer;
3) until first time pinch after newly sprouting regrow length reach 20 centimetres time, carry out the pruning of second time branch, prune and carry out spraying of full field leaf nutritive agent in first 3 days, spraying total concentration is 5 ‰, and uses urge root liquid the strong sprout of preparation simultaneously; Meet hot and humid weather environment and need use the pre-disease prevention of bactericide; During pruning, sprouting retains the length of 15 centimetres, 3 eyes;
4), after the finishing of second time branch, average every strain budling is 20, during plant height 55 centimetres; Budling quantity is less than to the plant of 40, need to carry out third time and prune, third time is trimmed to selectivity and prunes, and on the basis that second time is pruned, after the growth of 20 days, the budling selecting upper growth strong carries out pinching disconnected branch, leaves 3 eyes; Carry out spraying of full field leaf nutritive agent immediately after pruning, spraying total concentration is 5 ‰, and uses urge root liquid the strong sprout of preparation simultaneously, and with the use of the pre-disease prevention of bactericide;
5) third time prunes first 5 days, tackle full field plant and carry out topdressing of seedling stage, topdress as nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer and potash fertilizer, the additional ratio of nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer and potash fertilizer is 15:15:15, every strain rose plant applies 50 grams, and combine water, object be promotes newborn budling ramp and but three times prune after branch sprouting;
6), after having pruned for the third time, full field individual plant plant has kept more than 45 effectively to grow budling substantially;
7) in pruning process, must cut for long shoot bar from branch base portion is short, retain eye 2, determine according to internode length, internode is long then stays eye less, and internode is short stays 3, is advisable in 35 centimetres with branch length.
After tested: according to the method for the invention, because the optimum management technology of individual plant and colony is implemented early than conventional cultivation, no matter all effectively improve from mineral nutrition utilization and organotrophic combined coefficient, and the very effective waste avoiding plant organic nutrition synthesising part and the damage be subject to.When first time gathers in the crops full field fresh flower, average yield improves more than 50% than conventional cultivation method.
Embodiment 2
1) when the rose plant side of whole growing area 86% send out shoot growth length reach 20 centimetres time, carry out first time to pinch, pinch first 6 days, carry out spraying of full field leaf nutritive agent, the total concentration of the leaf nutritive agent sprayed is 8 ‰, and use urge root liquid the strong sprout of preparation simultaneously, also need to spray bactericide under rainy season or the higher environment of temp. and humidity;
2) retain the budling length of about 15 centimetres after pinching for the first time, each budling retains at least 3 eyes; When the newborn blastogenesis of every strain grows to 10 after 10 days, irrigate to join in conjunction with moisture and execute compound fertilizer, using the plot of base manure or base fertilizer can exempt to execute compound fertilizer;
3) until first time pinch after newly sprouting regrow length reach 25 centimetres time, carry out the pruning of second time branch, prune and carry out spraying of full field leaf nutritive agent in first 5 days, spraying total concentration is 8 ‰, and uses urge root liquid the strong sprout of preparation simultaneously; Meet hot and humid weather environment and need use the pre-disease prevention of bactericide; During pruning, sprouting retains the length of 20 centimetres, 4 eyes;
4), after the finishing of second time branch, average every strain budling is 40, during plant height 65 centimetres; Budling quantity is less than to the plant of 40, need to carry out third time and prune, third time is trimmed to selectivity and prunes, and on the basis that second time is pruned, after the growth of 25 days, the budling selecting upper growth strong carries out pinching disconnected branch, leaves 4 eyes; Carry out spraying of full field leaf nutritive agent immediately after pruning, spraying total concentration is 8 ‰, and uses urge root liquid the strong sprout of preparation simultaneously, and with the use of the pre-disease prevention of bactericide;
5) third time prunes first 7 days, tackle full field plant and carry out topdressing of seedling stage, topdress as nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer and potash fertilizer, the additional ratio of nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer and potash fertilizer is 15:15:15, every strain rose plant applies 60 grams, and combine water, object be promotes newborn budling ramp and but three times prune after branch sprouting;
6), after having pruned for the third time, full field individual plant plant has kept more than 50 effectively to grow budling substantially;
7) in pruning process, must cut for long shoot bar from branch base portion is short, retain eye 3, determine according to internode length, internode is long then stays eye less, and internode is short stays 4, is advisable in 35 centimetres with branch length.
After tested: according to the method for the invention, because the optimum management technology of individual plant and colony is implemented early than conventional cultivation, no matter all effectively improve from mineral nutrition utilization and organotrophic combined coefficient, and the very effective waste avoiding plant organic nutrition synthesising part and the damage be subject to.When first time gathers in the crops full field fresh flower, average yield improves more than 70% than conventional cultivation method.
More than show and describe general principle of the present invention, principal character and advantage of the present invention.The technical staff of the industry should understand; the present invention is not restricted to the described embodiments; what describe in above-described embodiment and specification just illustrates principle of the present invention; the present invention also has various changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and these changes and improvements all fall in the claimed scope of the invention.Application claims protection domain is defined by appending claims and equivalent thereof.
Claims (4)
1. a trimming method for rose for oil, is characterized in that: comprise the following steps:
When the rose plant side of whole growing area 80%-86% send out shoot growth length reach 15-20 centimetre time, carry out first time to pinch, 5-6 days before pinching, carry out spraying of full field leaf nutritive agent, the total concentration of the leaf nutritive agent sprayed is 5-8 ‰, and use urge root liquid the strong sprout of preparation simultaneously, also need to spray bactericide under rainy season or the higher environment of temp. and humidity;
Retain the budling length of about 10-15 centimetre after pinching for the first time, each budling retains at least 3 eyes; When 6-10 is grown in the newborn blastogenesis of every strain after 7-10 days, irrigate to join in conjunction with moisture and execute compound fertilizer, using the plot of base manure or base fertilizer can exempt to execute compound fertilizer;
Until first time pinch after newly sprouting regrow length reach 20-25 centimetre time, carry out the pruning of second time branch, pruning before within 3-5 days, carry out spraying of full field leaf nutritive agent, spraying total concentration is 5-8 ‰, and uses urge root liquid the strong sprout of preparation simultaneously; Meet hot and humid weather environment and need use the pre-disease prevention of bactericide; During pruning, sprouting retains the length of 15-20 centimetre, 3-4 eye;
After the finishing of second time branch, average every strain budling is 20-40, during plant height 55-65 centimetre; Budling quantity is less than to the plant of 40, need to carry out third time and prune, third time is trimmed to selectivity and prunes, on the basis that second time is pruned, after the growth of 20-25 days, the budling selecting upper growth strong carries out pinching disconnected branch, leaves 3-4 eye; Carry out spraying of full field leaf nutritive agent immediately after pruning, spraying total concentration is 5-8 ‰, and uses urge root liquid the strong sprout of preparation simultaneously, and with the use of the pre-disease prevention of bactericide;
Third time prunes front 5-7 days, tackle full field plant and carry out topdressing of seedling stage, topdress as nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer and potash fertilizer, the additional ratio of nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer and potash fertilizer is 15:15:15, every strain rose plant applies 50-60 gram, and combine water, object be promotes newborn budling ramp and but three times prune after branch sprouting;
After having pruned for the third time, full field individual plant plant keeps more than 45-50 effectively to grow budling substantially;
In pruning process, must cut for long shoot bar from branch base portion is short, retain eye 2-3, determine according to internode length, internode is long then stays eye less, and internode is short stays 3-4, is advisable in 35 centimetres with branch length.
2. the trimming method of rose for oil according to claim 1, is characterized in that: urge root liquid constituent described strong sprout and comprise potassium para-nitrophenate (sodium), methyl α-naphthyl acetate potassium (sodium), butyric acid potassium (sodium), potassium dihydrogen phosphate, trace element compound fertilizer and amino-acid state composite fertilizer.
3. the trimming method of rose for oil according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described bactericide is the one in inorganic fungicide, organosulfureous fungicide, organic phosphor arsenic bactericide, substituted beneze-group fungicides, azoles fungicide, Antibiotics bactericide.
4. the trimming method of rose for oil according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described nutritional agents comprises full nutrient amino acids foliage fertilizer, the potassium dihydrogen phosphate of 0.5% concentration and the urea of 0.2% concentration.
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| CN111512868A (en) * | 2020-04-11 | 2020-08-11 | 云南省农业科学院花卉研究所 | Plant shaping culture method for promoting high yield of Yunnan red edible roses |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN105432344A (en) * | 2015-12-29 | 2016-03-30 | 银谷玫瑰科技有限公司 | Shaping method for promoting damask rose flower bud differentiation |
| CN111512868A (en) * | 2020-04-11 | 2020-08-11 | 云南省农业科学院花卉研究所 | Plant shaping culture method for promoting high yield of Yunnan red edible roses |
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