CN107278792A - Red Ba Ladi grapes two crops a year implantation methods in a kind of intelligent greenhouse - Google Patents

Red Ba Ladi grapes two crops a year implantation methods in a kind of intelligent greenhouse Download PDF

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Publication number
CN107278792A
CN107278792A CN201710615685.4A CN201710615685A CN107278792A CN 107278792 A CN107278792 A CN 107278792A CN 201710615685 A CN201710615685 A CN 201710615685A CN 107278792 A CN107278792 A CN 107278792A
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Prior art keywords
fruit
year
crops
ladi
grapes
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CN201710615685.4A
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Inventor
傅文辉
王学才
窦磊
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Pingdu Vocational Secondary Specialized School
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Pingdu Vocational Secondary Specialized School
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Priority to CN201710615685.4A priority Critical patent/CN107278792A/en
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G17/00Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
    • A01G17/02Cultivation of hops or vines
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01CPLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
    • A01C1/00Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01CPLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
    • A01C21/00Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
    • A01C21/005Following a specific plan, e.g. pattern
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G7/00Botany in general
    • A01G7/06Treatment of growing trees or plants, e.g. for preventing decay of wood, for tingeing flowers or wood, for prolonging the life of plants
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G9/00Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
    • A01G9/24Devices or systems for heating, ventilating, regulating temperature, illuminating, or watering, in greenhouses, forcing-frames, or the like
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02ATECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A40/00Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
    • Y02A40/10Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
    • Y02A40/25Greenhouse technology, e.g. cooling systems therefor

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Soil Sciences (AREA)
  • Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
  • Ecology (AREA)
  • Forests & Forestry (AREA)
  • Botany (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
  • Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)

Abstract

The invention belongs to agricultural plantation technology field, it is related to red Ba Ladi grapes two crops a year implantation methods in a kind of intelligent greenhouse, the various condition advantages that can be provided by intelligent greenhouse, Effective Regulation is carried out to grape each growth period temperature, illumination, watered by the rational application of fertilizer, stay the control measures such as tip pinching, priming leaf trimming, broken dormancy vernalization, hibernaculum is promoted to sprout then, second growth cycle in year is opened, vinegrowing is realized and is transplanting the target that obtains economic flow rate then and reach since next year two crops a year then.First season fruit listed in listing late June, second season fruit after New Year's Day before the Spring Festival, avoided the concentration listing phase of northern outdoor cultivating grape, and the sales price of product improves 3~5 times, two times result total output increase by 50%.First season fruit and the wheat harvesting period of maturation time interval 6 of second season fruit, grape tree body have the accumulated time nutrient of abundance, both ensure that the quality and yield of each season grape, also do not interfere with the grape production in the coming year.

Description

Red Ba Ladi grapes two crops a year implantation methods in a kind of intelligent greenhouse
Technical field
The invention belongs to agricultural plantation technology field, it is related to a kind of implantation methods of grape, and in particular to a kind of intelligent temperature Indoor red Ba Ladi grapes two crops a year implantation methods.
Background technology
Grape is one of Main Cultivation fruit tree of China, in existing more than the 2000 years cultivation history of China.Its fruits nutrition Value is high, and fresh fruit sugar content is 10~30%, containing a variety of minerals and vitamins beneficial to human body, is loved by people. From middle and later periods 1990s, after vitis vinifera is successful using rain shelter cultivation in the Changjiang river areas to the south, grape production Industry is quickly grown, and cultivated area expands year by year, and yield is also improved constantly.But, main breed is excessively single, storage tolerance difference with And the reason such as the limitation of climatic environment, the maturity period Relatively centralized of grape, cause that the supply of production busy season is excessive, production dull season is not for It should ask, have a strong impact on economic benefit.Therefore, off-season production is carried out to grape, extends its listing phase, the economy to improving grape Benefit, the development of acceleration grape industry have particularly important meaning.
Grape is to mix bud, including hibernaculum and summer bud, the characteristic with several times a year result.Upper production at present is profit mostly Second fruit cultivation is carried out with summer bud sublateral shoot, but because summer bud differentiation speed is fast, divergaence time is short and insufficient, the flower often generated Sequence is small, of poor quality, and the fruit ear born is small, bad quality, therefore can not meet the production requirement of second fruit.The energy that hibernaculum yields positive results Power is significantly stronger than summer bud, and carrying out caulocarpic success rate using hibernaculum is higher than summer bud.
Red Ba Ladi grapes are Japanese new incubation, Main Agronomic Characteristics:Extremely early mature, cerise, the growing way golden mean of the Confucian school is partially prosperous, easy shape Into bud, disease-resistant high yield, grain weighs 9~12 grams, oblong, the sharp and clear sweet tea of meat, and sugar content is high up to 23%, quality extremely on, nothing Fragrance, fringe weighs more than 750 grams, ripe at the beginning of northern August, and the fruit extension tree time is long after ripe by the end of July, be ripe in south, hangs tree Up to 1 month, flavor quality was more preferably.No-dehiscent fruit, threshing phenomenon, easily form second fruit, and fringe grain is no less than an inferior fruit, is colored as purple It is red.Kind saving of labor, time saving in production, grain is not dredged manually, bears fruit uniform and lax, can save a large amount of labours.But Be red Ba Ladi grapes in northern area, be limited by temperature factor, can only be harvested for one time each year, be cultivated later by intelligent greenhouse, energy Enough realize is yielded two crops a year, but lacks effective control management at present, and causing second season fruit to occur, upper aberration, pol be low, yield Low the problem of, it also can further have influence on the cultivation of first season fruit.
The content of the invention
According to above the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides red Ba Ladi grapes two crops a year kind in a kind of intelligent greenhouse Plant method, using intelligent greenhouse cultural method, seeks an effective control management method, it is ensured that grape is in two seasons of one year every year steady Determine result and quality is high, increase economic benefit.
Red Ba Ladi grapes two crops a year implantation methods in a kind of intelligent greenhouse of the present invention, it is characterised in that according to Following methods are carried out:
(1) first season fruit:
1) after being ploughed after winter the previous year fruit harvesting through dormancy, Qing Yuan, sterilizing, soil application, the progress winter cuts, every master Climing to stay 3~5 fruitful branches, each bearing basal shoot is at a distance of 30~40 centimetres, based on the trimming of the middle tip;
2) start to warm up by the end of January or at the beginning of 2 months, break dormancy vernalization with chemicals for breaking dormancy, the tip is determined in bud picking after germination, and each fruitful branch is apart 12 cms;
3) young sprout stays 10~12 leaf pinching more than fruit ear, while to tie up in time climing and erase pair slightly;
4) fruit ear is adjusted after fruit setting, larger fruit ear will pinch fringe point, by fruit ear control after maturation at 600~800 grams;
5) during fruit expands veraison, on 25~30 DEG C of control temperature daytime, 18~22 DEG C of night, air humidity control exists 50~70%, every mu is applied each 30 kilograms of Diammonium phosphate (DAP), potassium sulfate, sprays foliar fertilizer, photosynthetic micro- fertilizer and light respiring inhibitor, and spread If reflective membrane;
6) during the berry maturity period, 28~30 DEG C of control temperature daytime, 15~16 DEG C of night, air humidity control 40~ 60%;
7) first season fruit harvests after mid or late June is ripe;
(2) second season fruit:
1) clear garden, sterilizing immediately after first season fruit harvests, every mu imposes 2000 kilograms of decomposed manure, and composite fertilizer 150 is public Jin.Starting the summer mid-August is cut, based on long cane pruning, stays 6~8 buds under clip, every 20~30 centimetres of spacing, and weak branch is removed. Top is extractd after cutting, exposes hibernaculum and smears lime nitrogen, promotees its sprouting.
2) whole growth cycle is carried out according to following standard:10~12 DEG C of rudiment;Bloom 14~16 DEG C;Fruit growth period 20 ~22 DEG C;25~30 DEG C of fructescence daytime, 15~16 DEG C of night;
3) other control measures are with first season fruit;
4) second season fruit harvests in mid or late December maturation, and can cool processing after harvesting, into deep-sleep, temperature control System is at 0~7.2 DEG C.
Wherein, preferred scheme is as follows:
The cultivation mode of described red Ba Ladi grapes is using the fan-shaped shaping of hedge frame, and north and south row is to 1.6 meters of line-spacing, spacing in the rows 0.8 meter.
The standard of soil application is every mu and applies 2000kg decomposed manures in described first season fruit.
Described chemicals for breaking dormancy is lime nitrogen or cyanamide.
1~2 bud on reserved top is only urged in described vernalization.
The lime nitrogen vernalization stirs evenly standing 5 hours for lime nitrogen is diluted into 20% with 45 DEG C of warm water, uses supernatant Smeared.
It must pour once permeable in three days after described vernalization.
Described foliar fertilizer is the blue leaves of PBO and Kang Piao.
Described light respiring inhibitor is sodium hydrogensulfite.
Advantage for present invention is:(1) by Effective Regulation of the intelligent greenhouse to each growth period temperature of grape, lead to Cross reasonable watering, fertilizing, pinching and stay the administrative skill measures such as the tip, fallen leaves trimming, broken dormancy vernalization, stimulate hibernaculum to sprout then, open Second growth cycle in year, realizes grape first planting fruit and transplants high yield then then and yield two crops a year, and the life of two inferior fruits Educate phase and harvest time completely not overlapping.Meanwhile, by the rational temperature adjusting of intelligent greenhouse, twice the maturity period avoid the north The concentration listing phase of outdoor grape, second of maturity period is even more the investment during the Spring Festival on New Year's Day that the north is listed without any fruit Period of investment return is greatly shortened, and planting benefit is significantly improved.(2) the maturation time interval of first season fruit and second season fruit 6 months, have and fill The accumulated time nutrient of foot, that is, ensure that the quality and yield of each season grape, and the grape production in the coming year is not interfered with more.
Embodiment
The present invention is described further with reference to embodiments.
Embodiment 1:
Red Ba Ladi grapes two crops a year implantation methods in a kind of intelligent greenhouse, it is characterised in that enter in accordance with the following methods OK:
(1) first season fruit:
1) ploughed after winter the previous year fruit harvesting through dormancy, Qing Yuan, sterilizing, soil application, apply 2000kg for every mu and become thoroughly decomposed Organic fertilizer, cultivation mode is using the fan-shaped shaping of hedge frame, and north and south row is to, 1.6 meters of line-spacing, 0.8 meter of spacing in the rows, at 0.5 meter away from ground, Keep main stem parallel distribution from south to north, in main stem give birth to fruitful branch, every main stem stays 3~5 fruitful branches, and fruitful branch stays 5~6 Individual bud, trimming soaks chemicals for breaking dormancy immediately after terminating, and chemicals for breaking dormancy is lime nitrogen;
2) start to warm up by the end of January or at the beginning of 2 months, 20% is diluted to lime nitrogen with 45 DEG C of warm water, stir evenly standing 5 hours, make Smearing vernalization is carried out with supernatant, 2~3 buds on reserved top are only urged in vernalization, must pour once permeable in three days after vernalization, The tip is determined in bud picking after germination;
3) young sprout stays 10~12 leaf pinching more than fruit ear, while to tie up in time climing and erase pair slightly
4) fruit ear is adjusted after fruit setting, larger fruit ear will pinch fringe point, by fruit ear control after maturation at 600~800 grams;
5) during fruit expands veraison, on 25~30 DEG C of control temperature daytime, 18~22 DEG C of night, air humidity control exists 50~70%, every mu is applied each 30 kilograms of Diammonium phosphate (DAP), potassium sulfate, sprays the blue leaves of Kang Piao, PBO, photosynthetic micro- fertilizer and sodium hydrogensulfite, And lay reflex film;
6) during the berry maturity period, 28~30 DEG C of control temperature daytime, 15~16 DEG C of night, air humidity control 40~ 60%;
7) first season fruit harvests after mid or late June is ripe;
(2) second season fruit:
1) clear garden, sterilizing immediately after first season fruit harvests, every mu imposes 2000 kilograms of organic fertilizer, 150 kilograms of composite fertilizer.8 The middle of the month starts the summer and cut, based on long cane pruning, stays 6~8 buds under clip, every 20~30 centimetres of spacing, and weak branch is removed.After cutting Top is extractd, exposes hibernaculum and smears lime nitrogen, promotees its sprouting.
2) whole growth cycle is carried out according to following standard:10~12 DEG C of rudiment;Bloom 14~16 DEG C;Fruit growth period 20 ~22 DEG C;25~30 DEG C of fructescence daytime, 15~16 DEG C of night;
3) other control measures are with first season fruit;
4) second season fruit harvests in mid or late December maturation, and can cool processing after harvesting, into deep-sleep, temperature control System is at 0~7.2 DEG C.
Using the above method, applicant carries out three warmhouse booth experiments in Qingdao Pingdu area, as a result as follows:
Greenhouse one:The fruit of the first season in 2016 is in maturation on June 20, average single weight 9.8g, average spike weight 781g, containing sugar Amount 22.7%.Second season fruit is in maturation on December 19, average single weight 9.6g, average spike weight 769g, sugar content 22.0%.
Greenhouse two:The fruit of the first season in 2016 is in maturation on June 23, and average single weight 11.4g, average spike weight 787g contain Sugar amount 22.5%.Second season fruit is in maturation on December 23, average single weight 11.0g, average spike weight 767g, sugar content 21.4%.
Greenhouse three:The fruit of the first season in 2016 is in maturation on June 18, and average single weight 10.5g, average spike weight 765g contain Sugar amount 23.1%.Second season fruit is in maturation on December 25, average single weight 10.9g, average spike weight 743g, sugar content 21.6%.
In summary, implantation methods of the invention are scientific and effective, realize red Ba Ladi grapes and yield two crops a year, and yield is steady Fixed, quality is high.

Claims (9)

1. red Ba Ladi grapes two crops a year implantation methods in a kind of intelligent greenhouse, it is characterised in that carry out in accordance with the following methods:
(1) first season fruit:
1) after being ploughed after winter the previous year fruit harvesting through dormancy, Qing Yuan, sterilizing, soil application, the progress winter is cut, and every main stem is stayed 3~5 fruitful branches, each bearing basal shoot is at a distance of 30~40 centimetres, based on the trimming of the middle tip;
2) start to warm up by the end of January or at the beginning of 2 months, dormancy vernalization is broken with chemicals for breaking dormancy, the tip is determined in bud picking after germination, and each fruitful branch is at a distance of 12 lis Rice or so;
3) young sprout stays 10~12 leaf pinching more than fruit ear, while to tie up in time climing and erase pair slightly;
4) fruit ear is adjusted after fruit setting, by fruit ear control after maturation at 600~800 grams;
5) during fruit expands veraison, 25~30 DEG C of control temperature daytime, 18~22 DEG C of night, air humidity control 50~ 70%, every mu is applied each 30 kilograms of Diammonium phosphate (DAP), potassium sulfate, sprays foliar fertilizer, photosynthetic micro- fertilizer and light respiring inhibitor, and lay anti- Light film;
6) during the berry maturity period, 28~30 DEG C of control temperature daytime, 15~16 DEG C of night, air humidity control 40~ 60%;
7) first season fruit harvests after mid or late June is ripe;
(2) second season fruit:
1) clear garden, sterilizing immediately after first season fruit harvests, every mu imposes 2000 kilograms of decomposed manure, 150 kilograms of composite fertilizer.8 The middle of the month starts the summer and cut, based on long cane pruning, stays 6~8 buds under clip, every 20~30 centimetres of spacing, and weak branch is removed.After cutting Top is extractd, exposes hibernaculum and smears lime nitrogen, promotees its sprouting.
2) whole growth cycle is carried out according to following standard:10~12 DEG C of rudiment;Bloom 14~16 DEG C;Fruit growth period 20~22 ℃;25~30 DEG C of fructescence daytime, 15~16 DEG C of night;
3) other control measures are with first season fruit;
4) second season fruit harvests in mid or late December maturation, and can cool processing after harvesting, and into deep-sleep, temperature control exists 0~7.2 DEG C.
2. red Ba Ladi grapes two crops a year implantation methods in a kind of intelligent greenhouse according to claim 1, its feature exists In:The cultivation mode of described red Ba Ladi grapes is using the fan-shaped shaping of hedge frame, and north and south row is to 1.6 meters of line-spacing, 0.8 meter of spacing in the rows.
3. red Ba Ladi grapes two crops a year implantation methods in a kind of intelligent greenhouse according to claim 1, its feature exists In:The standard of soil application is every mu and applies 2000kg decomposed manures in first season fruit.
4. red Ba Ladi grapes two crops a year implantation methods in a kind of intelligent greenhouse according to claim 1, its feature exists In:Described chemicals for breaking dormancy is lime nitrogen or cyanamide.
5. red Ba Ladi grapes two crops a year implantation methods in a kind of intelligent greenhouse according to claim 1, its feature exists In:1~2 bud on reserved top is only urged in described vernalization.
6. red Ba Ladi grapes two crops a year implantation methods in a kind of intelligent greenhouse according to claim 4, its feature exists In:The lime nitrogen vernalization stirs evenly standing 5 hours for lime nitrogen is diluted into 20% with 45 DEG C of warm water, is carried out using supernatant Smear.
7. red Ba Ladi grapes two crops a year implantation methods in a kind of intelligent greenhouse according to claim 1, its feature exists In:It must pour once permeable in three days after described vernalization.
8. red Ba Ladi grapes two crops a year implantation methods in a kind of intelligent greenhouse according to claim 1, its feature exists In:Described foliar fertilizer is the blue leaves of PBO and Kang Piao..
9. red Ba Ladi grapes two crops a year implantation methods in a kind of intelligent greenhouse according to claim 1, its feature exists In:Described light respiring inhibitor is sodium hydrogensulfite.
CN201710615685.4A 2017-07-26 2017-07-26 Red Ba Ladi grapes two crops a year implantation methods in a kind of intelligent greenhouse Pending CN107278792A (en)

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Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107593259A (en) * 2017-10-31 2018-01-19 广西壮族自治区农业科学院 A kind of high-quality and safety cultural method of Table Grape
CN107820990A (en) * 2017-11-10 2018-03-23 马鞍山市心洲葡萄专业合作社 A kind of cultural method of kyoto grape result in two seasons of one year
CN108617395A (en) * 2018-05-03 2018-10-09 宋培华 A kind of grape planting process of two crops a year
CN109089719A (en) * 2018-09-03 2018-12-28 镇江万山红遍农业园 A kind of cultural method of grape second fruiting
CN109168939A (en) * 2018-09-14 2019-01-11 江苏润易农业科技有限公司 Sunlight rose grape two crops a year greenhouse cultivation method and application
CN109744063A (en) * 2017-11-02 2019-05-14 云南省农业科学院热区生态农业研究所 A kind of dry-hot valley grape 1 year two cultural method received

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103210764A (en) * 2013-04-12 2013-07-24 北京市农林科学院林业果树研究所 Double-cropping greenhouse cultivation method for xiangfei grapes
CN106258779A (en) * 2015-05-18 2017-01-04 韦炳合 A kind of double-cropped grape cultivation method
CN106718625A (en) * 2016-11-27 2017-05-31 元谋原生源农业科技有限责任公司 The cultural method that a kind of grape yields two crops a year

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103210764A (en) * 2013-04-12 2013-07-24 北京市农林科学院林业果树研究所 Double-cropping greenhouse cultivation method for xiangfei grapes
CN106258779A (en) * 2015-05-18 2017-01-04 韦炳合 A kind of double-cropped grape cultivation method
CN106718625A (en) * 2016-11-27 2017-05-31 元谋原生源农业科技有限责任公司 The cultural method that a kind of grape yields two crops a year

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107593259A (en) * 2017-10-31 2018-01-19 广西壮族自治区农业科学院 A kind of high-quality and safety cultural method of Table Grape
CN109744063A (en) * 2017-11-02 2019-05-14 云南省农业科学院热区生态农业研究所 A kind of dry-hot valley grape 1 year two cultural method received
CN107820990A (en) * 2017-11-10 2018-03-23 马鞍山市心洲葡萄专业合作社 A kind of cultural method of kyoto grape result in two seasons of one year
CN108617395A (en) * 2018-05-03 2018-10-09 宋培华 A kind of grape planting process of two crops a year
CN109089719A (en) * 2018-09-03 2018-12-28 镇江万山红遍农业园 A kind of cultural method of grape second fruiting
CN109168939A (en) * 2018-09-14 2019-01-11 江苏润易农业科技有限公司 Sunlight rose grape two crops a year greenhouse cultivation method and application

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Application publication date: 20171024