CN105103920A - Cut rose tree shape cultivation method - Google Patents
Cut rose tree shape cultivation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN105103920A CN105103920A CN201510593392.1A CN201510593392A CN105103920A CN 105103920 A CN105103920 A CN 105103920A CN 201510593392 A CN201510593392 A CN 201510593392A CN 105103920 A CN105103920 A CN 105103920A
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- chinese rose
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
Abstract
The invention discloses a cut rose tree shape cultivation method. The method includes the following steps that (1) when a plant grows to 40-50 cm, pinching is conducted on the bottom end of a water sprout, so that a first-order branch is formed; (2) when the plant grows to 80-100 cm, the bottom end of the branch is cut, so that a second-order branch is formed; (3) when the plant grows to 120-140 cm, the bottom end of the branch is cut, so that a third-order branch is formed; (4) when the plant grows to 160-180 cm, the bottom end of the branch is cut, so that a fourth-order branch is formed; (5) when the plant grows to 200-220 cm, the bottom end of the branch is cut, so that a fifth-order branch is formed. By the adoption of the method, the yield of cut roses is increased; the number of long branches is increased, and the number of short branches is decreased; meanwhile, frameworks of cut rose plants can be layered through the method, the branches can grow in order, the tree shape is neat and the tree vigor is enhanced.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of tree-shaped breeding method, relate to a kind of Chinese rose of cut flower tree-shaped breeding method in particular.
Background technology
Chinese rose of cut flower is the wait-a-bit of rose family Rosa, is the general name being suitable for some kinds doing cut-flower cultivation in modern distance education system, and be also a kind of agricultural crops efficiently, market comsupton potentiality are large, in great demand.Chinese rose of cut flower will be noted pruning, dredging flower bud in vegetative period, and the root in the bud that lateral bud in time on removing Flowering Branches, stock send and scion, with impel plant type rationally, concentrated, large flower and brilliant color of blooming.The pruning establishing Chinese rose of cut flower plant type can carry out 3 to 5 prunings according to the Growth and anthesis habit in a year period, namely first time prunes and carry out pinching on the sturdy water sprout sent spring, second time prunes at first batch that the flowers are in blossom prunes later, and third time is to prune for the 5th time.Growing period bends causing the disorderly branch of growth, does not need to fracture.The pruning of Chinese rose of cut flower can be divided into light pruning, moderate pruning and heavy pruning.Light pruning is also known as pruning off, namely retain the comparatively sturdy export-oriented branch of whole strain and prune at 1/3 place of branch, other should wipe out as bad branches such as the old,weak,sick and disableds simultaneously, and it is elongated all the more that light pruning can make plant strain growth obtain, this pruning is suitable for the Reproduction of Chinese rose, and is unsuitable for Chinese rose exemplary view district.Namely moderate pruning only retains the half of plant height, its strong branch can weakly be cut, weak branch can be cut by force, and moderate pruning is suitable for growing up strain by the Chinese rose of rudiment in north spring, several trunk (not emphasizing the concrete number retained) 15 to 20cm on a heavy pruning i.e. reservation.
The plant type of Chinese rose just should carry out moulding of plant type from cultivation, and the growth of every Plants is irreversible, so once the golden period pruned has been crossed, is just difficult to the cultivation of plant type.But present a lot of local pruning not bery specification to Chinese rose of cut flower, only focus on the pruning in phase in midsummer and winter, and do not focus on moulding Chinese rose of cut flower tree-shaped, cause that low quality, tree-shaped are disorderly, tree vigo(u)r weakens, thus effectively can not improve the output of Chinese rose of cut flower.
Summary of the invention
Goal of the invention: the object of the invention is to provide a kind of protection tree vigo(u)r, improves the yield and quality and makes tree-shaped well-regulated Chinese rose of cut flower tree-shaped breeding method.
Technical scheme: Chinese rose of cut flower tree-shaped breeding method of the present invention comprises the following steps:
(1) when plant strain growth to 40 ~ 50cm, stay 2 ~ 4 joint 5 ~ 7 leaflet place pinching in water sprout bottom, stay 2 branches to bloom, form first order branch; The described joint number left branch bottom can be preferably 2 ~ 3 joints, and plant strain growth preferably can to 45 ~ 50cm.
(2) when plant strain growth to 80 ~ 100cm, stay in branch bottom 2 ~ 4 joint 5 ~ 7 leaflet places to shear, stay 2 branches to bloom, form second-order branching; Preferably, plant strain growth to 80 ~ 90cm.
(3) when plant strain growth to 120 ~ 140cm, stay in branch bottom 2 ~ 4 joint 5 ~ 7 leaflet places to shear, stay 2 branches to bloom, form third level branch; Preferably, plant strain growth to 120 ~ 130cm.
(4) when plant strain growth to 160 ~ 180cm, stay in branch bottom 2 ~ 4 joint 5 ~ 7 leaflet places to shear, stay 2 branches to bloom, form fourth stage branch; Preferably, plant strain growth to 170 ~ 180cm.
(5) when plant strain growth to 200 ~ 220cm, stay in branch bottom 2 ~ 4 joint 5 ~ 7 leaflet places to shear, stay 2 branches to bloom, form level V branch; Preferably, plant strain growth to 200 ~ 210cm.
Preferably, step of the present invention (2) is in (5), and the described joint number left in branch bottom is 2 ~ 3 joints.
Furtherly, above-mentioned shearing is carried out at growing period, and during shearing, the clip shearing branch wants level and smooth, with inclined-plane, clip bud angle at 45 °.
Beneficial effect: compared with prior art, a kind of Chinese rose of cut flower tree-shaped breeding method provided by the invention, improves over half by flower yield, long shoot quantity adds more than 2 times, and long shoot quantity increases relatively, brachyplast quantity reduces, and improves output and the quantity of Chinese rose of cut flower; Meanwhile, the present invention adopts special trimming method, and make the skeleton of Chinese rose of cut flower plant form level, make the growth of branch in good order, tree-shaped is neat, and tree vigo(u)r strengthens.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the pruning form of plant when 45cm;
Fig. 2 a, 2b are the pruning form of plant when 80cm;
Fig. 3 a, 3b are the pruning form of plant when 120cm;
Fig. 4 is the pruning form of plant when 180cm;
Fig. 5 is the pruning form of plant when 200cm.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, technical scheme of the present invention is described further.
A kind of Chinese rose of cut flower tree-shaped breeding method of the present invention, comprises the steps:
(1) when plant strain growth to 40 ~ 50cm, stay 2 ~ 4 joint 5 ~ 7 leaflet place pinching in the water sprout bottom that a root growth gesture is prosperous, cultivate the female branch of cut-flower, then stay 2 branches to bloom, form first order branch.
(2) when plant strain growth to 80 ~ 100cm, stay 2 ~ 4 joint 5 ~ 7 leaflet places to shear to branch bottom, then stay 2 healthy and strong branches to make it bloom equally, form second-order branching.
(3) when plant strain growth to 120 ~ 140cm, stay in branch bottom 2 ~ 4 joint 5 ~ 7 leaflet places to shear equally, stay 2 healthy and strong branches to make it bloom, form third level branch.
(4) when plant strain growth to 160 ~ 180cm, stay in branch bottom 2 ~ 4 joint 5 ~ 7 leaflet places to shear equally, stay 2 healthy and strong branches to make it bloom, form fourth stage branch.
(5) when plant strain growth to 200 ~ 220cm, stay in branch bottom 2 ~ 4 joint 5 ~ 7 leaflet places to shear equally, stay 2 healthy and strong branches to make it bloom, form level V branch.
In above-mentioned pinching and shear history, if the number of blade left branch bottom is very few, the plant type of plant can be made disorderly, and tree vigo(u)r weakens, thus reduces the quantity and quality of Chinese rose of cut flower.
Above-mentioned shearing is carried out at growing period, and during shearing, the clip shearing branch wants level and smooth, with inclined-plane, clip bud angle at 45 °.
Embodiment 1
(1) when plant strain growth is to 45cm, the water sprout selecting a root growth gesture prosperous, in its most lower 2 joint 5 vanelets place pinching, is cultivated the female branch of cut-flower, is then stayed 2 branches to bloom, form first order branch, as shown in Figure 1.
(2) when plant strain growth is to 80cm, now, shear at the most lower 2 joint 5 leaflet places of branch when picking flowers, then stay 2 healthy and strong branches to make it bloom equally, form second-order branching, as shown in Fig. 2 a, 2b.
(3) when plant strain growth is to 120cm, shear at the most lower 2 joint 5 leaflet places of branch when picking flowers, stay 2 healthy and strong branches to make it bloom, form third level branch, as shown in Fig. 3 a, 3b.
(4) when plant strain growth is to 180cm, shear at the most lower 2 joint 5 leaflet places of branch when picking flowers, stay 2 healthy and strong branches to make it bloom, form fourth stage branch, as shown in Figure 4.
(5) when plant strain growth is to 200cm, shear at the most lower 2 joint 5 leaflet places of branch when picking flowers, stay 2 healthy and strong branches to make it bloom, form level V branch, as shown in Figure 5.
Above-mentioned shearing is carried out at growing period, and during shearing, the clip shearing branch wants level and smooth, with inclined-plane, clip bud angle at 45 °.
Embodiment 2
Get the Chinese rose of cut flower plant of above-mentioned same batch, conveniently trimming method is pruned, and comparison of design is tested.
Embodiment 3
(1) when plant strain growth is to 40cm, the water sprout selecting a root growth gesture prosperous, in its most lower 3 joint 7 vanelets place pinching, is cultivated the female branch of cut-flower, is then stayed 2 branches to bloom, form first order branch.
(2) when plant strain growth is to 100cm, now, shear at the most lower 3 joint 7 leaflet places of branch when picking flowers, then stay 2 healthy and strong branches to make it bloom equally, form second-order branching.
(3) when plant strain growth is to 140cm, shear at the most lower 3 joint 7 leaflet places of branch when picking flowers, stay 2 healthy and strong branches to make it bloom, form third level branch.
(4) when plant strain growth is to 160cm, shear at the most lower 3 joint 7 leaflet places of branch when picking flowers, stay 2 healthy and strong branches to make it bloom, form fourth stage branch.
(5) when plant strain growth is to 220cm, shear at the most lower 3 joint 7 leaflet places of branch when picking flowers, stay 2 healthy and strong branches to make it bloom, form level V branch.
Above-mentioned shearing is carried out at growing period, and during shearing, the clip shearing branch wants level and smooth, with inclined-plane, clip bud angle at 45 °.
Embodiment 4
(1) when plant strain growth is to 50cm, the water sprout selecting a root growth gesture prosperous, in its most lower 4 joint 7 vanelets place pinching, is cultivated the female branch of cut-flower, is then stayed 2 branches to bloom, form first order branch.
(2) when plant strain growth is to 90cm, now, shear at the most lower 4 joint 7 leaflet places of branch when picking flowers, then stay 2 healthy and strong branches to make it bloom equally, form second-order branching.
(3) when plant strain growth is to 130cm, shear at the most lower 4 joint 7 leaflet places of branch when picking flowers, stay 2 healthy and strong branches to make it bloom, form third level branch.
(4) when plant strain growth is to 170cm, shear at the most lower 4 joint 7 leaflet places of branch when picking flowers, stay 2 healthy and strong branches to make it bloom, form fourth stage branch.
(5) when plant strain growth is to 210cm, shear at the most lower 4 joint 7 leaflet places of branch when picking flowers, stay 2 healthy and strong branches to make it bloom, form level V branch.
Above-mentioned shearing is carried out at growing period, and during shearing, the clip shearing branch wants level and smooth, with inclined-plane, clip bud angle at 45 °.
The Chinese rose of cut flower plant performance comparison table that table 1 embodiment 1 ~ 4 obtains
As shown in Table 1, for flower yield, the flower yield of embodiment 1 is higher than embodiment 2 ~ 4, and the flower yield of embodiment 1 is than the raising more than 50% of embodiment 2, the flower yield of embodiment 3 is than the raising more than 43% of embodiment 2, and the flower yield of embodiment 4 is than the raising more than 44% of embodiment 2; For the quality of cut-flower branch, the flower quality of embodiment 1 is higher than embodiment 2 ~ 4, and many 1 times of the branch long number ratio embodiment 2 of the long 80cm of cut-flower branch of embodiment 1, many more than 0.5 times of the branch long number ratio embodiment 2 of the long 80cm of cut-flower branch of embodiment 3,4, long shoot quantity is many relatively simultaneously, brachyplast negligible amounts.
Embodiment 5
Get the Chinese rose of cut flower plant of same batch, design 5 groups of parallel laboratory tests, in step (1), Chinese rose of cut flower grows to 35cm, 40cm, 45cm, 50cm, 55cm respectively, and the trimming method of all the other steps is identical with embodiment 1.
In table 2 step (1), different growing height prunes the Chinese rose of cut flower plant performance comparison table obtained
As shown in Table 2, the branch quantity that the product flower quantity of 2nd ~ 4 groups and spray length reach 80cm is better than the 1st group and the 5th group, and wherein, when plant strain growth is sheared to during 45cm, the branch quantity that the Chinese rose of cut flower quantity obtained and spray length reach 80cm is maximum.This is because the growing height when plant is sheared more than during 50cm, not only can the height of integral raising plant, and can consume too much nutrient, thus reduces the seed output and quality of Chinese rose of cut flower; When the growing height of plant is lower than 40cm, can causes and be thick with leaves, improper ventilation, easy sick insect pest, reduce the seed output and quality of Chinese rose of cut flower.
Embodiment 6
Get the Chinese rose of cut flower plant of same batch, design 5 groups of parallel laboratory tests, in step (2), Chinese rose of cut flower grows to 75cm, 80cm, 90cm, 100cm, 105cm respectively, and the trimming method of all the other steps is identical with embodiment 1.
In table 3 step (2), different growing height prunes the Chinese rose of cut flower plant performance table of comparisons obtained
As shown in Table 3, the branch quantity that the product flower quantity of 2nd ~ 4 groups and spray length reach 80cm is better than the 1st group and the 5th group, and wherein, when plant strain growth is sheared to during 80cm, the branch quantity that the Chinese rose of cut flower quantity obtained and spray length reach 80cm is maximum.This is that the bud stayed on this height is healthy and strong, and is conducive to third level Flowering Branches because the growing height of plant during 2nd ~ 4 groups of shearings is relatively more suitable to second branch.
Embodiment 7
Get the Chinese rose of cut flower plant of same batch, design 5 groups of parallel laboratory tests, in step (3), Chinese rose of cut flower grows to 110cm, 120cm, 130cm, 140cm, 150cm respectively, and the trimming method of all the other steps is identical with embodiment 1.
In table 4 step (3), different growing height prunes the Chinese rose of cut flower plant performance comparison table obtained
As shown in Table 4, the branch quantity that the product flower quantity of 2nd ~ 4 groups and spray length reach 80cm is better than the 1st group and the 5th group, and wherein, when plant strain growth is sheared to during 120cm, the branch quantity that the Chinese rose of cut flower quantity obtained and spray length reach 80cm is maximum.This is that the bud stayed on this height is healthy and strong, and is conducive to fourth stage Flowering Branches because the growing height of plant during 2nd ~ 4 groups of shearings is relatively more suitable to three grades of branches.
Embodiment 8
Get the Chinese rose of cut flower plant of same batch, design 3 groups of parallel laboratory tests, in step (4), Chinese rose of cut flower grows to 150cm, 160cm, 170cm, 180cm, 190cm respectively, and the trimming method of all the other steps is identical with embodiment 1.
In table 5 step (4), different growing height prunes the Chinese rose of cut flower plant performance table of comparisons obtained
As shown in Table 4, the branch quantity that the product flower quantity of 2nd ~ 4 groups and spray length reach 80cm is better than the 1st group and the 5th group, and wherein, when plant strain growth is sheared to during 180cm, the branch quantity that the Chinese rose of cut flower quantity obtained and spray length reach 80cm is maximum.This is that the bud stayed on this height is healthy and strong, and is conducive to level V Flowering Branches because the growing height of plant during 2nd ~ 4 groups of shearings is comparatively suitable to level Four Branching Ratio.
Embodiment 9
Get the Chinese rose of cut flower plant of same batch, design 5 groups of parallel laboratory tests, in step (5), Chinese rose of cut flower grows to 190cm, 200cm, 210cm, 220cm, 230cm respectively, and the trimming method of all the other steps is identical with embodiment 1.
In table 6 step (5), different growing height prunes the Chinese rose of cut flower plant performance table of comparisons obtained
As shown in Table 3, the branch quantity that the product flower quantity of 2nd ~ 4 groups and spray length reach 80cm is better than the 1st group and the 5th group, and wherein, when plant strain growth is sheared to during 200cm, the branch quantity that the Chinese rose of cut flower quantity obtained and spray length reach 80cm is maximum.This is that the bud stayed on this height is healthy and strong, and is conducive to later stage Flowering Branches because the growing height of 2nd ~ 4 groups of plant is comparatively suitable to Pyatyi Branching Ratio.
Embodiment 10
Get the Chinese rose of cut flower plant of same batch, design 3 groups of parallel laboratory tests, stay 1,2,3 branches to bloom in step (1) respectively, all the other steps are identical with embodiment 1.Known by this experiment, stay 2 branches obtained plant type of blooming best, plant skeleton has stereovision in shape, simultaneously the output increased of Chinese rose of cut flower is over half, and long shoot quantity adds more than 2 times, relative long shoot quantity increases, brachyplast quantity reduces, and shoot growth is in good order, tree-shaped is neat, and tree vigo(u)r strengthens; When staying 1 branch to bloom, although tree-shaped is relatively more neat, the growth of branch is in good order, and flower yield but obviously reduces, and relative long shoot quantity also reduces accordingly; When staying 3 branches to bloom, the plant type obtained is intricate, does not have stereovision, and tree-shaped is disorderly, and tree vigo(u)r weakens, and flower yield and the quality of Chinese rose of cut flower reduce greatly.
Change the branch amount stayed in step (2) ~ (5) respectively, design corresponding parallel laboratory test, all the other steps are identical with embodiment 1, and the result of the test of gained is consistent with embodiment 10.
Embodiment 11
Get the Chinese rose of cut flower plant of same batch, design 5 groups of parallel laboratory tests, pinching when being respectively 1 joint, 2 joints, 3 joints, 4 joints, 5 joint to the joint number left under the prosperous water sprout bottom of plant strain growth gesture in step (1), all the other steps are identical with embodiment 1.Known by this experiment, pinching is carried out compared to when leaving 1 joint and 5 joint respectively, the plant height that when staying 2 ~ 4 to save, pinching obtains just in time, shoot growth is in good order, and flower yield and long shoot quantity are obtained for very large raising, this be joint number owing to leaving under to water sprout bottom less time, then can not form 2 branches, namely also not easily make the skeleton of Chinese rose of cut flower plant form level, tree-shaped is disorderly, and the seed output and quality of Chinese rose of cut flower reduces.Shear when the joint number left water sprout bottom is more, the height of plant can be made to increase, thus will too much nutrient be consumed, reduce the seed output and quality of Chinese rose of cut flower.
Embodiment 12
Change respectively to the joint number stayed under branch bottom in step (2) ~ (5), design corresponding parallel laboratory test, all the other steps are identical with embodiment 1, and the result of the test obtained is consistent with embodiment 11.
Claims (10)
1. a Chinese rose of cut flower tree-shaped breeding method, is characterized in that comprising the steps:
(1) when plant strain growth to 40 ~ 50cm, stay 2 ~ 4 joint 5 ~ 7 leaflet place pinching in water sprout bottom, stay 2 branches to bloom, form first order branch;
(2) when plant strain growth to 80 ~ 100cm, stay in branch bottom 2 ~ 4 joint 5 ~ 7 leaflet places to shear, stay 2 branches to bloom, form second-order branching;
(3) when plant strain growth to 120 ~ 140cm, stay in branch bottom 2 ~ 4 joint 5 ~ 7 leaflet places to shear, stay 2 branches to bloom, form third level branch;
(4) when plant strain growth to 160 ~ 180cm, stay in branch bottom 2 ~ 4 joint 5 ~ 7 leaflet places to shear, stay 2 branches to bloom, form fourth stage branch;
(5) when plant strain growth to 200 ~ 220cm, stay in branch bottom 2 ~ 4 joint 5 ~ 7 leaflet places to shear, stay 2 branches to bloom, form level V branch.
2. a kind of Chinese rose of cut flower tree-shaped breeding method according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in step (1), described plant strain growth to 45 ~ 50cm.
3. a kind of Chinese rose of cut flower tree-shaped breeding method according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in step (1), and the described joint number left in water sprout bottom is 2 ~ 3 joints.
4. a kind of Chinese rose of cut flower tree-shaped breeding method according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in step (2) ~ (5), and the described joint number left in branch bottom is 2 ~ 3 joints.
5. a kind of Chinese rose of cut flower tree-shaped breeding method according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in step (2), described plant strain growth to 80 ~ 90cm.
6. a kind of Chinese rose of cut flower tree-shaped breeding method according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in step (3), described plant strain growth to 120 ~ 130cm.
7. a kind of Chinese rose of cut flower tree-shaped breeding method according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in step (4), described plant strain growth to 170 ~ 180cm.
8. a kind of Chinese rose of cut flower tree-shaped breeding method according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in step (5), described plant strain growth to 200 ~ 210cm.
9. a kind of Chinese rose of cut flower tree-shaped breeding method according to claim 1, is characterized in that: step (2) is in step (5), and described shearing is carried out at growing period.
10. a kind of Chinese rose of cut flower tree-shaped breeding method according to claim 1, is characterized in that: step (2) is in step (5), and during described shearing, the clip shearing branch wants level and smooth, with inclined-plane, clip bud angle at 45 °.
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| CN106718722A (en) * | 2016-11-24 | 2017-05-31 | 广西大学 | A kind of potted plant Chinese rose of cut flower soilless culture method |
| CN110521481A (en) * | 2019-09-21 | 2019-12-03 | 云南省农业科学院花卉研究所 | A kind of Chinese rose of cut flower spray breeding method of high-yield quick |
| CN117243103A (en) * | 2023-11-15 | 2023-12-19 | 云南省农业科学院花卉研究所 | Method for cultivating flowers and branches at stump openings of cut-flower rose matrix cultivation tree |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106718722A (en) * | 2016-11-24 | 2017-05-31 | 广西大学 | A kind of potted plant Chinese rose of cut flower soilless culture method |
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| CN110521481B (en) * | 2019-09-21 | 2021-11-02 | 云南省农业科学院花卉研究所 | Method for cultivating flowering branches of cut-flower Chinese roses at high yield quickly |
| CN117243103A (en) * | 2023-11-15 | 2023-12-19 | 云南省农业科学院花卉研究所 | Method for cultivating flowers and branches at stump openings of cut-flower rose matrix cultivation tree |
| CN117243103B (en) * | 2023-11-15 | 2024-02-20 | 云南省农业科学院花卉研究所 | Method for cultivating flowers and branches at stump openings of cut-flower rose matrix cultivation tree |
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| CN105103920B (en) | 2017-07-11 |
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