CN105103920B - A kind of Chinese rose of cut flower tree-shaped breeding method - Google Patents
A kind of Chinese rose of cut flower tree-shaped breeding method Download PDFInfo
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- CN105103920B CN105103920B CN201510593392.1A CN201510593392A CN105103920B CN 105103920 B CN105103920 B CN 105103920B CN 201510593392 A CN201510593392 A CN 201510593392A CN 105103920 B CN105103920 B CN 105103920B
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- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of Chinese rose of cut flower tree-shaped breeding method, comprise the following steps：(1) when plant strain growth is to 40~50cm, in the pinching of branch of excessive growth bottom, first order branch is formed；(2) when plant strain growth is to 80~100cm, in the shearing of branch bottom, second-order branching is formed；(3) when plant strain growth is to 120~140cm, in the shearing of branch bottom, third level branch is formed；(4) when plant strain growth is to 160~180cm, in the shearing of branch bottom, fourth stage branch is formed；(5) when plant strain growth is to 200~220cm, in the shearing of branch bottom, level V branch is formed.The method of the present invention improves the yield of Chinese rose of cut flower, and relative long shoot quantity increase, and brachyplast quantity is reduced；Meanwhile, this method makes the skeleton formation level of Chinese rose of cut flower plant, and the growth of branch is in good order, and tree-shaped is neat, tree vigo(u)r enhancing.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of tree-shaped breeding method, more specifically to a kind of Chinese rose of cut flower tree-shaped breeding method.
Background technology
Chinese rose of cut flower is the wait-a-bit of rose family Rosa, is some kinds for suitably making cut-flower cultivation in modern distance education system
General name, be also a kind of efficient agricultural crops, market comsupton potentiality are big, in great demand.Chinese rose of cut flower in growth period it is noted that
Trimming, dredge flower bud, and remove the root in the lateral bud on Flowering Branches, the bud sent on stock and scion in time, with promote plant type rationally,
Bloom concentration, large flower and brilliant color.3 can be carried out according to the Growth and anthesis habit in 1 year by establishing the trimming period of Chinese rose of cut flower plant type
To 5 trimmings, i.e., trim for the first time on the sturdy branch of excessive growth sent in spring and carry out pinching, the flowers are in blossom at first batch for second of trimming
Later trimmed, for the third time to the 5th time trimming the like.Growth period is bent to the branch for causing growth disorderly,
It is not required to fracture.The trimming of Chinese rose of cut flower can be divided into light pruning, moderate pruning and heavy pruning.Light pruning, which is also known as, to be pruned off, that is, retains whole strain more
Sturdy export-oriented branch and the trimming at the 1/3 of branch, other such as the old,weak,sick and disabled's bad branch should be wiped out simultaneously, and light pruning can make
Plant strain growth obtains elongated all the more, Reproduction of this trimming suitable for Chinese rose, and is unsuitable for Chinese rose exemplary view area.Moderate pruning is
Only retain the half of plant height, its strong branch weak can be cut, and weak branch can be cut by force, moderate pruning is suitable to northern spring i.e. by rudiment
Chinese rose adult strain, heavy pruning is several trunks (not emphasizing the specific number retained) 15 to 20cm on a reservation.
The plant type of Chinese rose should just carry out moulding for plant type from cultivation, and the growth of every kind of plant is irreversible, so one
The golden period of denier trimming is crossed, and the culture to plant type is difficult to.But trimming of many places to Chinese rose of cut flower now is not bery advised
Model, only focuses on the trimming in phase in midsummer and winter, without focusing on moulding Chinese rose of cut flower tree-shaped, causes low quality, tree-shaped disorderly
Disorderly, tree vigo(u)r weakens, so that the yield of Chinese rose of cut flower can not be effectively improved.
The content of the invention
Goal of the invention：Tree vigo(u)r is protected it is an object of the present invention to provide one kind, improves the yield and quality and makes tree-shaped in good order
Chinese rose of cut flower tree-shaped breeding method.
Technical scheme：Chinese rose of cut flower tree-shaped breeding method of the present invention comprises the following steps：
(1) when plant strain growth is to 40~50cm, pinching at 2~4 5~7 leaflets of section is stayed in branch of excessive growth bottom, 2 points are stayed
Branch is bloomed, and forms first order branch；The joint number left to branch bottom preferably can preferably may be used for 2~3 sections, plant strain growth
To 45~50cm.
(2) when plant strain growth is to 80~100cm, stay and sheared at 2~4 5~7 leaflets of section in branch bottom, stay 2 branches
Bloom, form second-order branching；It is preferred that, plant strain growth to 80~90cm.
(3) when plant strain growth is to 120~140cm, stay and sheared at 2~4 5~7 leaflets of section in branch bottom, stay 2 points
Branch is bloomed, and forms third level branch；It is preferred that, plant strain growth to 120~130cm.
(4) when plant strain growth is to 160~180cm, stay and sheared at 2~4 5~7 leaflets of section in branch bottom, stay 2 points
Branch is bloomed, and forms fourth stage branch；It is preferred that, plant strain growth to 170~180cm.
(5) when plant strain growth is to 200~220cm, stay and sheared at 2~4 5~7 leaflets of section in branch bottom, stay 2 points
Branch is bloomed, and forms level V branch；It is preferred that, plant strain growth to 200~210cm.
It is preferred that, step (2) of the present invention is into (5), and the joint number left in branch bottom is 2~3 sections.
Furtherly, above-mentioned shearing is carried out in growth period, during shearing, and the clip of shearing branch is smooth, with clip
Bud angle inclined-plane at 45 °.
Beneficial effect：Compared with prior art, a kind of Chinese rose of cut flower tree-shaped breeding method that the present invention is provided, by flower yield
More than half is improved, long shoot quantity adds more than 2 times, and relative long shoot quantity increase, brachyplast quantity is reduced, improved
The yield and quantity of Chinese rose of cut flower；Meanwhile, the present invention uses special pruning method, makes the skeleton forming layer of Chinese rose of cut flower plant
It is secondary, make the growth of branch in good order, tree-shaped is neat, tree vigo(u)r enhancing.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is trimming form of the plant in 45cm；
Fig. 2 a, 2b are trimming form of the plant in 80cm；
Fig. 3 a, 3b are trimming form of the plant in 120cm；
Fig. 4 is trimming form of the plant in 180cm；
Fig. 5 is trimming form of the plant in 200cm.
Embodiment
Technical scheme is described further below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
A kind of Chinese rose of cut flower tree-shaped breeding method of the present invention, comprises the following steps：
(1) when plant strain growth is to 40~50cm, 2~4 5~7 leaflets of section are stayed in the prosperous branch of excessive growth bottom of a root growth gesture
Locate pinching, cultivate the female branch of cut-flower, then stay 2 branches to bloom, form first order branch.
(2) when plant strain growth is to 80~100cm, branch bottom is stayed and sheared at 2~4 5~7 leaflets of section, then equally
Staying 2 healthy and strong branches makes it bloom, and forms second-order branching.
(3) when plant strain growth is to 120~140cm, equally stay and sheared at 2~4 5~7 leaflets of section in branch bottom, stay 2
Individual healthy and strong branch makes it bloom, and forms third level branch.
(4) when plant strain growth is to 160~180cm, equally stay and sheared at 2~4 5~7 leaflets of section in branch bottom, stay 2
Individual healthy and strong branch makes it bloom, and forms fourth stage branch.
(5) when plant strain growth is to 200~220cm, equally stay and sheared at 2~4 5~7 leaflets of section in branch bottom, stay 2
Individual healthy and strong branch makes it bloom, and forms level V branch.
In above-mentioned pinching and shear history, if the number of blade left to branch bottom is very few, the plant type of plant can be made disorderly
Disorderly, tree vigo(u)r weakens, so as to reduce the yield and quality of Chinese rose of cut flower.
Above-mentioned shearing is carried out in growth period, during shearing, and the clip of shearing branch is smooth, with clip bud angle at 45 °
Inclined-plane.
Embodiment 1
(1) when plant strain growth is to 45cm, the prosperous branch of excessive growth of one root growth gesture of selection is plucked at its most 5 vanelets of lower 2 section
The heart, cultivates the female branch of cut-flower, then stays 2 branches to bloom, form first order branch, as shown in Figure 1.
(2) when plant strain growth is to 80cm, now, sheared when picking flowers at branch most 5 leaflets of lower 2 section, then equally stay 2
Individual healthy and strong branch makes it bloom, and second-order branching is formed, as shown in Fig. 2 a, 2b.
(3) when plant strain growth is to 120cm, sheared when picking flowers at branch most 5 leaflets of lower 2 section, stay 2 healthy and strong branches to make
It is bloomed, and third level branch is formed, as shown in Fig. 3 a, 3b.
(4) when plant strain growth is to 180cm, sheared when picking flowers at branch most 5 leaflets of lower 2 section, stay 2 healthy and strong branches to make
It is bloomed, and forms fourth stage branch, as shown in Figure 4.
(5) when plant strain growth is to 200cm, sheared when picking flowers at branch most 5 leaflets of lower 2 section, stay 2 healthy and strong branches to make
It is bloomed, and forms level V branch, as shown in Figure 5.
Above-mentioned shearing is carried out in growth period, during shearing, and the clip of shearing branch is smooth, with clip bud angle at 45 °
Inclined-plane.
Embodiment 2
The Chinese rose of cut flower plant of above-mentioned same batch is taken, is trimmed according to conventional pruning method, comparison of design experiment.
Embodiment 3
(1) when plant strain growth is to 40cm, the prosperous branch of excessive growth of one root growth gesture of selection is plucked at its most 7 vanelets of lower 3 section
The heart, cultivates the female branch of cut-flower, then stays 2 branches to bloom, form first order branch.
(2) when plant strain growth is to 100cm, now, shear, then equally stayed at branch most 7 leaflets of lower 3 section when picking flowers
2 healthy and strong branches make it bloom, and form second-order branching.
(3) when plant strain growth is to 140cm, sheared when picking flowers at branch most 7 leaflets of lower 3 section, stay 2 healthy and strong branches to make
It is bloomed, and forms third level branch.
(4) when plant strain growth is to 160cm, sheared when picking flowers at branch most 7 leaflets of lower 3 section, stay 2 healthy and strong branches to make
It is bloomed, and forms fourth stage branch.
(5) when plant strain growth is to 220cm, sheared when picking flowers at branch most 7 leaflets of lower 3 section, stay 2 healthy and strong branches to make
It is bloomed, and forms level V branch.
Above-mentioned shearing is carried out in growth period, during shearing, and the clip of shearing branch is smooth, with clip bud angle at 45 °
Inclined-plane.
Embodiment 4
(1) when plant strain growth is to 50cm, the prosperous branch of excessive growth of one root growth gesture of selection is plucked at its most 7 vanelets of lower 4 section
The heart, cultivates the female branch of cut-flower, then stays 2 branches to bloom, form first order branch.
(2) when plant strain growth is to 90cm, now, sheared when picking flowers at branch most 7 leaflets of lower 4 section, then equally stay 2
Individual healthy and strong branch makes it bloom, and forms second-order branching.
(3) when plant strain growth is to 130cm, sheared when picking flowers at branch most 7 leaflets of lower 4 section, stay 2 healthy and strong branches to make
It is bloomed, and forms third level branch.
(4) when plant strain growth is to 170cm, sheared when picking flowers at branch most 7 leaflets of lower 4 section, stay 2 healthy and strong branches to make
It is bloomed, and forms fourth stage branch.
(5) when plant strain growth is to 210cm, sheared when picking flowers at branch most 7 leaflets of lower 4 section, stay 2 healthy and strong branches to make
It is bloomed, and forms level V branch.
Above-mentioned shearing is carried out in growth period, during shearing, and the clip of shearing branch is smooth, with clip bud angle at 45 °
Inclined-plane.
The Chinese rose of cut flower plant performance comparison table that the embodiment 1~4 of table 1 is obtained
As shown in Table 1, for flower yield, the flower yield of embodiment 1 is higher than embodiment 2~4, and embodiment 1
Flower yield is than the raising more than 50% of embodiment 2, raising more than 43% of the flower yield than embodiment 2 of embodiment 3, embodiment 4
Raising more than 44% of the flower yield than embodiment 2；For the quality of cut-flower branch, the flower quality of embodiment 1 is higher than real
Apply example 2~4, and the long 80cm of cut-flower branch of embodiment 1 many 1 times of the long quantity of branch than embodiment 2, the cut-flower branch of embodiment 3,4
The long 80cm long quantity of branch is than many more than 0.5 times of embodiment 2, while relative long shoot quantity is more, brachyplast negligible amounts.
Embodiment 5
The Chinese rose of cut flower plant of same batch is taken, Chinese rose of cut flower in 5 groups of parallel laboratory tests, step (1) is designed and grows to respectively
35cm, 40cm, 45cm, 50cm, 55cm, the pruning method of remaining step are same as Example 1.
The Chinese rose of cut flower plant performance comparison table that different growing height trimmings are obtained in the step of table 2 (1)
As shown in Table 2, the 2nd~4 group of production flower quantity and spray length are better than the 1st group and the 5th up to 80cm branch quantity
Group, wherein, sheared when plant strain growth is to 45cm, the Chinese rose of cut flower quantity and spray length obtained reaches 80cm branch quantity
At most.This is due to be sheared when the growing height of plant is more than 50cm, not only can integral raising plant height, and can disappear
The excessive nutrient of consumption, so as to reduce the yield and quality of Chinese rose of cut flower；When the growing height of plant is less than 40cm, branch can be caused
Leaf is dense, improper ventilation, easy sick insect pest, reduces the yield and quality of Chinese rose of cut flower.
Embodiment 6
The Chinese rose of cut flower plant of same batch is taken, Chinese rose of cut flower in 5 groups of parallel laboratory tests, step (2) is designed and grows to respectively
75cm, 80cm, 90cm, 100cm, 105cm, the pruning method of remaining step are same as Example 1.
The Chinese rose of cut flower plant performance table of comparisons that different growing height trimmings are obtained in the step of table 3 (2)
As shown in Table 3, the 2nd~4 group of production flower quantity and spray length are better than the 1st group and the 5th up to 80cm branch quantity
Group, wherein, sheared when plant strain growth is to 80cm, the Chinese rose of cut flower quantity and spray length obtained reaches 80cm branch quantity
At most.The growing height of plant is more appropriate to second branch when this is due to the 2nd~4 group of shearing, is stayed on this height
Bud is healthy and strong, and is conducive to third level Flowering Branches.
Embodiment 7
The Chinese rose of cut flower plant of same batch is taken, Chinese rose of cut flower in 5 groups of parallel laboratory tests, step (3) is designed and grows to respectively
110cm, 120cm, 130cm, 140cm, 150cm, the pruning method of remaining step are same as Example 1.
The Chinese rose of cut flower plant performance comparison table that different growing height trimmings are obtained in the step of table 4 (3)
As shown in Table 4, the 2nd~4 group of production flower quantity and spray length are better than the 1st group and the 5th up to 80cm branch quantity
Group, wherein, sheared when plant strain growth is to 120cm, the Chinese rose of cut flower quantity and spray length obtained reaches 80cm branch number
Amount is most.The growing height of plant is more appropriate to three-level Branching Ratio when this is due to the 2nd~4 group of shearing, is stayed on this height
Bud be healthy and strong, and be conducive to fourth stage Flowering Branches.
Embodiment 8
The Chinese rose of cut flower plant of same batch is taken, Chinese rose of cut flower in 3 groups of parallel laboratory tests, step (4) is designed and grows to respectively
150cm, 160cm, 170cm, 180cm, 190cm, the pruning method of remaining step are same as Example 1.
The Chinese rose of cut flower plant performance table of comparisons that different growing height trimmings are obtained in the step of table 5 (4)
As shown in Table 5, the 2nd~4 group of production flower quantity and spray length are better than the 1st group and the 5th up to 80cm branch quantity
Group, wherein, sheared when plant strain growth is to 180cm, the Chinese rose of cut flower quantity and spray length obtained reaches 80cm branch number
Amount is most.The growing height of plant is more appropriate to level Four Branching Ratio when this is due to the 2nd~4 group of shearing, is stayed on this height
Bud be healthy and strong, and be conducive to level V Flowering Branches.
Embodiment 9
The Chinese rose of cut flower plant of same batch is taken, Chinese rose of cut flower in 5 groups of parallel laboratory tests, step (5) is designed and grows to respectively
190cm, 200cm, 210cm, 220cm, 230cm, the pruning method of remaining step are same as Example 1.
The Chinese rose of cut flower plant performance table of comparisons that different growing height trimmings are obtained in the step of table 6 (5)
As shown in Table 6, the 2nd~4 group of production flower quantity and spray length are better than the 1st group and the 5th up to 80cm branch quantity
Group, wherein, sheared when plant strain growth is to 200cm, the Chinese rose of cut flower quantity and spray length obtained reaches 80cm branch number
Amount is most.This be due to the 2nd~4 group of plant growing height it is more appropriate to Pyatyi Branching Ratio, the bud stayed on this height is
Healthy and strong, and be conducive to later stage Flowering Branches.
Embodiment 10
The Chinese rose of cut flower plant of same batch is taken, designs in 3 groups of parallel laboratory tests, step (1) and stays 1,2,3 points respectively
Branch is bloomed, and remaining step is same as Example 1.By the experiment, stay 2 branches to bloom resulting plant type preferably, plant
Strain skeleton has stereovision in shape, at the same the output increased of Chinese rose of cut flower more than half, long shoot quantity add 2 times with
On, with respect to the increase of long shoot quantity, brachyplast quantity is reduced, and shoot growth is in good order, and tree-shaped is neat, tree vigo(u)r enhancing；Stay 1 point
When branch is bloomed, although tree-shaped is more neat, and the growth of branch is in good order, but flower yield is but significantly reduced, relative long shoot
Quantity is also reduced accordingly；When staying 3 branches to bloom, resulting plant type is intricate, without stereovision, and tree-shaped is disorderly,
Tree vigo(u)r weakens, and the flower yield and quality of Chinese rose of cut flower are substantially reduced.
Change the branch amount stayed in step (2)~(5) respectively, design corresponding parallel laboratory test, remaining step is with implementing
Example 1 is identical, and the result of the test of gained is consistent with embodiment 10.
Embodiment 11
The Chinese rose of cut flower plant of same batch is taken, apprentice prosperous to plant strain growth gesture in 5 groups of parallel laboratory tests, step (1) is designed
The pinching when joint number left under long shoot bottom is respectively 1 section, 2 sections, 3 sections, 4 sections, 5 section, remaining step is same as Example 1.It is logical
Cross the experiment to understand, carry out pinching compared to when being respectively kept with 1 section and 5 section, the plant height that pinching is obtained when staying 2~4 section
Just, shoot growth is in good order, and flower yield and long shoot quantity are obtained for very big raising, and this is due to when to the branch of excessive growth
When the joint number left under bottom is less, then 2 branches will not be formed, that is, be not easy to make the skeleton forming layer of Chinese rose of cut flower plant
Secondary, tree-shaped is disorderly, yield and the quality reduction of Chinese rose of cut flower.Shear, can make when the joint number left to branch of excessive growth bottom is more
The height increase of plant, so that excessive nutrient will be consumed, reduces the yield and quality of Chinese rose of cut flower.
Embodiment 12
Change respectively to the joint number stayed under branch bottom in step (2)~(5), design corresponding parallel laboratory test, remaining step
Rapid same as Example 1, the result of the test obtained is consistent with embodiment 11.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of Chinese rose of cut flower tree-shaped breeding method, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
(1) when plant strain growth is to 40~50cm, pinching at 2~4 5~7 leaflets of section is stayed in branch of excessive growth bottom, stays 2 branches to open
Flower, forms first order branch；
(2) stay and sheared at 2~4 5~7 leaflets of section in branch bottom when plant strain growth is to 80~100cm, when picking flowers, stay 2 points
Branch is bloomed, and forms second-order branching；
(3) stay and sheared at 2~4 5~7 leaflets of section in branch bottom when plant strain growth is to 120~140cm, when picking flowers, stay 2
Branch is bloomed, and forms third level branch；
(4) stay and sheared at 2~4 5~7 leaflets of section in branch bottom when plant strain growth is to 160~180cm, when picking flowers, stay 2
Branch is bloomed, and forms fourth stage branch；
(5) stay and sheared at 2~4 5~7 leaflets of section in branch bottom when plant strain growth is to 200~220cm, when picking flowers, stay 2
Branch is bloomed, and forms level V branch.
2. a kind of Chinese rose of cut flower tree-shaped breeding method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：It is described to plant in step (1)
Strain grows to 45~50cm.
3. a kind of Chinese rose of cut flower tree-shaped breeding method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：In step (1), it is described
The joint number that branch of excessive growth bottom is left is 2~3 sections.
4. a kind of Chinese rose of cut flower tree-shaped breeding method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：In step (2)~(5),
The joint number left in branch bottom is 2~3 sections.
5. a kind of Chinese rose of cut flower tree-shaped breeding method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：It is described to plant in step (2)
Strain grows to 80~90cm.
6. a kind of Chinese rose of cut flower tree-shaped breeding method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：It is described to plant in step (3)
Strain grows to 120~130cm.
7. a kind of Chinese rose of cut flower tree-shaped breeding method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：It is described to plant in step (4)
Strain grows to 170~180cm.
8. a kind of Chinese rose of cut flower tree-shaped breeding method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：It is described to plant in step (5)
Strain grows to 200~210cm.
9. a kind of Chinese rose of cut flower tree-shaped breeding method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Step (2) is to step (5)
In, the shearing is carried out in growth period.
10. a kind of Chinese rose of cut flower tree-shaped breeding method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Step (2) is to step
(5) in, during the shearing, the clip of shearing branch is smooth, with clip bud angle inclined-plane at 45 °.
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| CN106718722A (en) * | 2016-11-24 | 2017-05-31 | 广西大学 | A kind of potted plant Chinese rose of cut flower soilless culture method |
| CN110521481B (en) * | 2019-09-21 | 2021-11-02 | 云南省农业科学院花卉研究所 | Method for cultivating flowering branches of cut-flower Chinese roses at high yield quickly |
| CN117243103B (en) * | 2023-11-15 | 2024-02-20 | 云南省农业科学院花卉研究所 | Method for cultivating flowers and branches at stump openings of cut-flower rose matrix cultivation tree |
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