CN103238442B - Method for culturing vegetative shoot of rosa hybrida - Google Patents
Method for culturing vegetative shoot of rosa hybrida Download PDFInfo
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- CN103238442B CN103238442B CN201310184096.7A CN201310184096A CN103238442B CN 103238442 B CN103238442 B CN 103238442B CN 201310184096 A CN201310184096 A CN 201310184096A CN 103238442 B CN103238442 B CN 103238442B
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Abstract
The invention provides a method for culturing a vegetative shoot of rosa hybrida. The method includes: cultivating rosa hybrida cutting seeding, growing and trimming a first-class branch, enabling a second-class branch to sprout on the first-class branch trimming position, growing and trimming the second-class branch, twisting the first-class branch portion 3-4cm away from a base portion when the second-class branch is matured to damage the inside of the branch in a mode that the cortex cannot be damaged and the branch cannot be broken, enabling the twisted portion of the branch to be bent and drop naturally due to the fact that no supporting exists, performing medicine prevention on the twisted position, enabling the vegetations to grow until a sprout grows on the base portion of the first-class branch and obtaining the vegetative shoot. By means of the method for culturing the vegetative shoot of rosa hybrida, the sprouting time of rosa hybrida branches is shortened by utilizing the sprouting characteristics of the rosa hybrida branches, the problem of difficult pest management and high cost caused by multiple layering and branch overlapping can be solved, continuous photosynthetic capacity can be provided to growing of the branches, and quality and yield of the rosa hybrida can be improved.
Description
Technical field
The cultural method that the present invention relates to a kind of Chinese rose of cut flower cultivation vegetative shoot in seedling stage, belongs to plant
standardization plantationtechnical field.
Background technology
Chinese rose (
rosa hybrida) be rose family Rosa woody plant, be the large cut-flower of the first in the world.Rose Cutting is produced and is developed into gradually the intensive High-efficient Production of facility from initial outdoor cropping, is ensureing on the basis of product quality, and high yield is the main target that the countries in the world producer pursues.
Folding branch cultivation be countries in the world by the ideal cultivation mode for many years Chinese rose of cut flower production technology Exploration and conclusion being drawn, played important function to improving Chinese rose of cut flower yield and quality.According to function and the purposes of cut rose flower plant branch, be divided into cut-flower branch and vegetative shoot.After seedling plant folding branch, the pin bud sending from plant base portion claims Their First Branch, and the branch sending on Their First Branch is secondary branch, and the branch sending on secondary branch is three grades of branches.In Chinese rose of cut flower production process, common folding branch is in order to cultivate Flowering Branches, vegetative shoot and regulation florescence, and the thinner and more delicate branch folding branch in folding branch process except Flowering Branches is cultivated as vegetative shoot.
The vegetative shoot of Chinese rose of cut flower refers to that the plant side that favours forming by press strip in cut-flower production process only carries out photosynthesis and provide the branch of nutrient for plant.The state of Chinese rose of cut flower vegetative shoot directly affects growing way, output and the product quality of plant, and healthy reasonably vegetative shoot has decisive role to realizing Chinese rose of cut flower production extra earning.
At present more common vegetative shoot cultural method is that single branch layer becomes vegetative shoot, and cuttage seeding new first order shoot growth to 40～50 centimetre of sprouting in seedling stage, extract just existing bud, forms after ripe and carries out layer, as vegetative shoot until branch; From base portion sprout branch thicker as Flowering Branches, thinner continuation layer is as vegetative shoot.The position that need to roll over a holds branch when operation, the downward kinking of exerting oneself of another hand, is pressed on branch under layer rope, can will after branch kinking, depress apart from root 10 centimeters thick branch again, and while noting kinking, the branch that fractures is avoided in bimanualness.The cultural method of this kind of vegetative shoot needs layer rope (iron wire or nylon wire) apart from seedling 25～30 centimeters, strains and fixes with iron stake or timber on the both sides of field planting furrow, and all branches of making vegetative shoot are all pressed on layer rope below.There are the following problems for this kind of vegetative shoot cultural method: 1. plant strain growth is relatively slow, and cuttage seeding one-level divides branch growth slow, sprouts a speed slow after layer, and single vegetative shoot majority is more thin and weak, and to the later stage, the Photosynthetic Efficiency supply of a large amount of sprays can not meet plant demand; 2. the repetition layer of vegetative shoot, Mechanical wound is many, and the untreated grade of radical leaves causes production management workload large, and damage by disease and insect prevention and control cost is higher, can form the vicious circle of input and output, and production efficiency is more drilled lower, is difficult to reach the object of High-efficient Production; 3. need layer rope, the medicament in later stage damage by disease and insect prevention and control process is sprayed and brought huge difficulty, especially, in the harm process of the main insect two spotted spider mite of Chinese rose, prevention and control high cost and effect are not thorough.
Summary of the invention
For overcome plant strain growth slow, be difficult to high yield and the problem such as damage by disease and insect control effect is bad, the present invention utilizes growth characteristics and the Efficient Cultivation regulatory requirement of Chinese rose of cut flower kind, a kind of vegetative shoot cultural method in seedling stage of Chinese rose of cut flower High-efficient Production is provided, to reducing production management cost, improve Chinese rose of cut flower quality and yield and play an important role, especially for Chinese rose of cut flower standardization High-efficient Production provides technical support.
The present invention realizes by following technical proposal: a kind of method of Chinese rose of cut flower high-efficient culture vegetative shoot, is characterized in that through the following step:
(1) the Chinese rose seedling of long 2～4 centimetres of intact female to well developed root system, cuttings leaf, spray is cultivated routinely, carry out routinely water management therebetween, keep ground moistening, until the spray of Chinese rose seedling grows to 10～15 centimetres, and spray upper blade is launched, and becomes Their First Branch;
(2) excise and abandon from the 5 leaflet positions, Their First Branch upper end of step (1), allow plant continued growth, become secondary branch until new spray is sprouted from the position of being pruned;
(3) treat secondary branch growth to 30～45 centimetre of step (2), and while there is bud, excise in the lump and abandon together with bud from secondary branch upper end 3 little leaf sites, allow the continued growth of secondary branch;
(4) in the time that the secondary branch of step (3) grows to full maturity routinely, Their First Branch is all extractd apart from the blade in base portion 8～10 cm range, and to twisting apart from the Their First Branch position of base portion 3～4 centimeters, make branch internal sabotage, but do not injure cortex, the branch that do not fracture, makes branch sprain position because hanging without supporting natural torsion;
(5) comprehensive medicament prevention is carried out at the position of spraining of the branch that hangs to step (4), and along with the growth of plant, in the time that Their First Branch base portion is sprouted sprouting, obtains vegetative shoot.
In described step (1), when conventional water management, shade with the sunshade net that the rate of shading is 50～70% at high temperature season, prevent tender shoots necrosis.
The secondary branch full maturity of described step (4) refers to: secondary branch pinch after branches and leaves be cultured to that branch is strong, blade is abundant and be bottle green, and have blind blastogenesis to become at the little leaf site of shoot tip 3.
When branch twisting in described step (4), need periodic cleaning both hands, prevent that germ from alternately infecting.
The position of spraining to the branch that hangs in described step (5) is carried out the prevention of comprehensive medicament and is referred to: be diluted to the solution of 1500～8000 times with tpn wetting powder, spray spraining position, or complete the medicament sterilizing to spraining position in conjunction with normal greenhouse prevention of damage by disease.
The present invention possesses following advantages and effect:
(1) the present invention takes full advantage of Chinese rose branch Germination characteristics, once pruning from Their First Branch 5 leaflets promotes shoot to sprout, second pruning suppresses spray from secondary branch 3 leaflets to be sprouted, and has shortened the sprout time that produces spray, accelerates to enter the production phase;
(2) batch cultur of the present invention the vegetative shoot of individual plant cut-flower plant, do not need vegetative shoot to press rope, 6～10 centimetres of base portions have been removed plant leaf, after layer, increase gradually thick with growth, ensure the efficient provision of nutrient, avoided repeatedly the large and production cost too high problem of pest management difficulty that layer and branch are overlapping brought;
(3) conventional cultivation mode directly selects thin and delicate branch as vegetative shoot, vegetative shoot in seedling stage of the present invention vegetative shoot cultural method is made up of second branch, one-level branch is comparatively sturdy after second branch growth and maturity, ensure the efficient provision of nutrient, though cultivate and spent the more time in early stage at vegetative shoot, but vegetative shoot, by photosynthetic production capacity is endlessly provided for the growth of spray, has significant facilitation to the cut-flower quality and yield in later stage.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention will be further described.
Embodiment 1
(1) the Chinese rose seedling of long 2 centimetres of intact female to well developed root system, cuttings leaf, spray is cultivated routinely, carry out routinely water management therebetween, keep ground moistening, shade with the shade net that the rate of shading is 50% at high temperature season, prevent tender shoots necrosis, until the spray of Chinese rose seedling grows to 10 centimetres, and the expansion of spray upper blade, Their First Branch become;
(2) excise and abandon from the 5 leaflet positions, Their First Branch upper end of step (1), allow plant continued growth, become secondary branch until new spray is sprouted from the position of being pruned;
(3) treat the secondary branch growth to 30 centimetre of step (2), and while there is bud, excise in the lump and abandon together with bud from secondary branch upper end 3 little leaf sites, producing spray to suppress it, also reduce the consumption of soil nutrient simultaneously, allowed afterwards the continued growth of secondary branch;
(4) the secondary branch for the treatment of step (3) grows to that branch is strong, blade is abundant and be bottle green routinely, and in the time that the little leaf site of shoot tip 3 has blind blastogenesis to become, Their First Branch is all extractd apart from the blade in base portion 8 cm range, and to twisting apart from the Their First Branch position of base portion 3 centimeters, made branch internal sabotage, but do not injure cortex, the branch that do not fracture, makes branch sprain position because hanging without supporting natural torsion, when twisting, need periodic cleaning both hands, prevent that germ from alternately infecting;
(5) branch that hangs to step (4) sprain position, be diluted to the solution of 1500 times with tpn wetting powder, spray spraining position, to carry out comprehensive medicament prevention, and along with the growth of plant, in the time that Their First Branch base portion is sprouted sprouting, obtain vegetative shoot.
Embodiment 2
(1) the Chinese rose seedling of long 4 centimetres of intact female to well developed root system, cuttings leaf, spray is cultivated routinely, carry out routinely water management therebetween, keep ground moistening, shade with the shade net that the rate of shading is 70% at high temperature season, prevent tender shoots necrosis, until the spray of Chinese rose seedling grows to 15 centimetres, and the expansion of spray upper blade, Their First Branch become;
(2) excise and abandon from the 5 leaflet positions, Their First Branch upper end of step (1), allow plant continued growth, become secondary branch until new spray is sprouted from the position of being pruned;
(3) treat the secondary branch growth to 45 centimetre of step (2), and while there is bud, excise in the lump and abandon together with bud from secondary branch upper end 3 little leaf sites, producing spray to suppress it, also reduce the consumption of soil nutrient simultaneously, allowed afterwards the continued growth of secondary branch;
(4) the secondary branch for the treatment of step (3) grows to that branch is strong, blade is abundant and be bottle green routinely, and in the time that the little leaf site of shoot tip 3 has blind blastogenesis to become, Their First Branch is all extractd apart from the blade in base portion 10 cm range, and to twisting apart from the Their First Branch position of base portion 4 centimeters, made branch internal sabotage, but do not injure cortex, the branch that do not fracture, makes branch sprain position because hanging without supporting natural torsion, when twisting, need periodic cleaning both hands, prevent that germ from alternately infecting;
(5) branch that hangs to step (4) sprain position, be diluted to the solution of 8000 times with tpn wetting powder, spray spraining position, to carry out comprehensive medicament prevention, and along with the growth of plant, in the time that Their First Branch base portion is sprouted sprouting, obtain vegetative shoot.
Embodiment 3
(1) the Chinese rose seedling of long 3 centimetres of intact female to well developed root system, cuttings leaf, spray is cultivated routinely, carry out routinely water management therebetween, keep ground moistening, shade with the shade net that the rate of shading is 60% at high temperature season, prevent tender shoots necrosis, until the spray of Chinese rose seedling grows to 12 centimetres, and the expansion of spray upper blade, Their First Branch become;
(2) excise and abandon from the 5 leaflet positions, Their First Branch upper end of step (1), allow plant continued growth, become secondary branch until new spray is sprouted from the position of being pruned;
(3) treat the secondary branch growth to 40 centimetre of step (2), and while there is bud, excise in the lump and abandon together with bud from secondary branch upper end 3 little leaf sites, producing spray to suppress it, also reduce the consumption of soil nutrient simultaneously, allowed afterwards the continued growth of secondary branch;
(4) the secondary branch for the treatment of step (3) grows to that branch is strong, blade is abundant and be bottle green routinely, and in the time that the little leaf site of shoot tip 3 has blind blastogenesis to become, Their First Branch is all extractd apart from the blade in base portion 9 cm range, and to twisting apart from the Their First Branch position of base portion 3 centimeters, made branch internal sabotage, but do not injure cortex, the branch that do not fracture, makes branch sprain position because hanging without supporting natural torsion, when twisting, need periodic cleaning both hands, prevent that germ from alternately infecting;
(5) branch that hangs to step (4) sprain position, greenhouse prevention of damage by disease completes the medicament sterilizing to spraining position routinely, and along with the growth of plant, in the time that Their First Branch base portion is sprouted sprouting, obtains vegetative shoot.
Claims (5)
1. a method for Chinese rose of cut flower high-efficient culture vegetative shoot, is characterized in that through the following step:
(1) the Chinese rose seedling of long 2～4 centimetres of intact female to well developed root system, cuttings leaf, spray is cultivated routinely, carry out routinely water management therebetween, keep ground moistening, until the spray of Chinese rose seedling grows to 10～15 centimetres, and spray upper blade is launched, and becomes Their First Branch;
(2) excise and abandon from the 5 leaflet positions, Their First Branch upper end of step (1), allow plant continued growth, become secondary branch until new spray is sprouted from the position of being pruned;
(3) treat secondary branch growth to 30～45 centimetre of step (2), and while there is bud, excise in the lump and abandon together with bud from secondary branch upper end 3 little leaf sites, allow the continued growth of secondary branch;
(4) in the time that the secondary branch of step (3) grows to full maturity routinely, Their First Branch is all extractd apart from the blade in base portion 8～10 cm range, and to twisting apart from the Their First Branch position of base portion 3～4 centimeters, make branch internal sabotage, but do not injure cortex, the branch that do not fracture, makes branch sprain position because hanging without supporting natural torsion;
(5) comprehensive medicament prevention is carried out at the position of spraining of the branch that hangs to step (4), and along with the growth of plant, in the time that Their First Branch base portion is sprouted sprouting, obtains vegetative shoot.
2. the method for Chinese rose of cut flower high-efficient culture vegetative shoot according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in described step (1), when conventional water management, shade with the sunshade net that the rate of shading is 50～70% at high temperature season, prevent tender shoots necrosis.
3. the method for Chinese rose of cut flower high-efficient culture vegetative shoot according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the secondary branch full maturity of described step (4) refers to: secondary branch pinch after branches and leaves be cultured to that branch is strong, blade is abundant and be bottle green, and have blind blastogenesis to become at the position of shoot tip 3 leaflets.
4. the method for Chinese rose of cut flower high-efficient culture vegetative shoot according to claim 1, is characterized in that: when branch twisting in described step (4), need periodic cleaning both hands, prevent that germ from alternately infecting.
5. the method for Chinese rose of cut flower high-efficient culture vegetative shoot according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the position of spraining to the branch that hangs in described step (5) is carried out the prevention of comprehensive medicament and referred to: be diluted to the solution of 1500～8000 times with tpn wetting powder, spray spraining position.
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| CN104686116B (en) * | 2013-12-06 | 2018-05-11 | 江苏省中国科学院植物研究所 | Energy crop reed topping cuttage breeding method |
| CN103947471B (en) * | 2014-04-04 | 2015-10-07 | 焦作市新区新绿种植专业合作社 | A kind of processing method of planting cut-flower rose in hot environment |
| CN104255307A (en) * | 2014-08-29 | 2015-01-07 | 周景龙 | Grafting method of Chinese roses |
| CN104541887B (en) * | 2015-01-09 | 2017-03-22 | 云南云秀花卉有限公司 | Film-covered Chinese rose single bud cutting propagation method |
| CN104542040B (en) * | 2015-02-04 | 2016-11-30 | 云南丰德生物科技有限公司 | A kind of pruning method of rose for oil |
| CN105103920B (en) * | 2015-09-17 | 2017-07-11 | 江苏农林职业技术学院 | A kind of Chinese rose of cut flower tree-shaped breeding method |
| CN105830693B (en) * | 2016-03-29 | 2018-12-11 | 赵洋 | Cold ground rose height stake cut-flower method |
| CN106718722A (en) * | 2016-11-24 | 2017-05-31 | 广西大学 | A kind of potted plant Chinese rose of cut flower soilless culture method |
| CN110521481B (en) * | 2019-09-21 | 2021-11-02 | 云南省农业科学院花卉研究所 | Method for cultivating flowering branches of cut-flower Chinese roses at high yield quickly |
| CN114467602A (en) * | 2022-01-21 | 2022-05-13 | 江苏省农业科学院宿迁农科所 | Method for rapidly rejuvenating Chinese rose seedlings |
| CN117243103B (en) * | 2023-11-15 | 2024-02-20 | 云南省农业科学院花卉研究所 | Method for cultivating flowers and branches at stump openings of cut-flower rose matrix cultivation tree |
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Denomination of invention: Method for culturing vegetative shoot of rosa hybrida Effective date of registration: 20181221 Granted publication date: 20140611 Pledgee: Yunnan agricultural credit Company limited by guarantee Pledgor: Yunnan Yunxiu Flower Co., Ltd. Registration number: 2018530000016 |