CN103081687A - Out-of-season facility seedling raising method for astragalus membranaceus - Google Patents
Out-of-season facility seedling raising method for astragalus membranaceus Download PDFInfo
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- CN103081687A CN103081687A CN2013100343172A CN201310034317A CN103081687A CN 103081687 A CN103081687 A CN 103081687A CN 2013100343172 A CN2013100343172 A CN 2013100343172A CN 201310034317 A CN201310034317 A CN 201310034317A CN 103081687 A CN103081687 A CN 103081687A
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Abstract
The invention provides an out-of-season facility seedling raising method for astragalus membranaceus. A quadrature arc bamboo type ordinary sunlight greenhouse is adopted as a seedling raising greenhouse. The condition includes an altitude of 1000-2500m, and sandy soil with abundant organic matter is better to be selected as the soil. In the process of seedling raising in the out-of-season (from October to the year ensuing March), average sunshine duration is 3.5-4.2d/h, and percentage of sunshine is 40%-45%. The method is that in the process of the seedling raising, daylight room temperature of the sunlight greenhouse is controlled between 17 DEG C and 25 DEG C, nighttime room temperature of the sunlight greenhouse is controlled between 10 DEG C and 15 DEG C, and humidity of the sunlight greenhouse is controlled between 65 % and 85 %. Astragalus membranaceus germchit cultivated by the method is good in appearance quality, high and stable in yield and strong in operability of the method. The purposes of modernization, standardization and large-scale production of traditional Chinese medicinal materials can be achieved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of anti-season breeding and seedling nursing with equipment method of the traditional Chinese medicine Radix Astragali, belong to genuine traditional Chinese medicine material high-efficiency high-quality production field.
Background technology
In recent years; the breeding and seedling nursing with equipment industry is a dark horse in agricultural planting adjustment of agricultural stracture process; develop rapidly; becoming gets rich increases income the point of economic increase that has much potentiality, is being agriculture field-transplanting large-scale production, breaks away to a certain extent meteorological adverse effect to agricultural production; alleviate freeze, the meteorological disaster such as wind, frost; increase vigilance against risks, guarantee the stable aspect of agricultural production, shown powerful vitality and vast potential for future development.Day by day maturation along with the technology of nursing young plants in hothouses; the industrialization level of traditional Chinese medicine seedling raising and transplanting is also improving constantly; especially the success that obtains of the technology of nursing young plants in hothouses; to effectively raise comprehensive utilization of resources efficient; promoted the efficient and healthful development of industry; increase peasant's income, realized pursuing protection ecology and developed the economy, pursued long-term interest and the combination of demand in the recent period.
The Radix Astragali [Astragalus membranaceus Fisch.) Bge.Var.mongholicus (Bge.) Hsiao] be pulse family Astragalus perennial herb rare Chinese medicine plant, be used as medicine with root.The effect of invigorating qi for strengthening superficies, diuresis holder poison, apocenosis and expelling pus and promoting granulation is arranged, and main product is in China North China, northeast and the Northwest, and also there are distribution in the former Soviet Union, Korea and Mongolia.Recent research shows, the Radix Astragali is regulated blood pressure at the protection cardiac muscle, improves the aspect such as body immunity and has good curative effect.
One of famous and precious bulk medicinal materials in Radix Astragali conduct in medical drugs, along with deepening continuously of research, from the meals health-care to the clinical medical, the scope of its application is more and more wide, and consumption also increases year by year.Day by day reducing and the hysteresis of artificial introducing and planting of wild Radix Astragali resource makes the market demand state that is in for a long time that supply falls short of demand, causes its price to go up year after year.For meeting the need of market, enlarge the medicine source, bring about a prosperous economy, in recent years, various places go from strength to strength to the artificial cultivation production of the Radix Astragali, and cultural area and area increase gradually.But because the special genuineness of Milkvetch Root distributes and perennial habit of growth requirement, cause its land resources utilization inefficiency, production capacity is on the low side, and economic benefit is not high.Radix Astragali anti-season breeding and seedling nursing with equipment technology makes the growth cycle of the Radix Astragali shorten to 1 year from traditional 2 years, can effectively improve comprehensive utilization of resources efficient, increase economic well-being of workers and staff, it simultaneously is also performance modern agriculture science and technology strength, expand production capacity, meet the need of market, produce new way and the new method of the high-efficiency high-quality Radix Astragali.
The efficient breeding and seedling nursing with equipment method that the anti-season breeding and seedling nursing with equipment method, particularly suitable modernization, standardization, standardization that not yet has at present public technology to relate to the Radix Astragali produced.
Summary of the invention
The Radix Astragali anti-season breeding and seedling nursing with equipment cultivation method that the purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of simple and easy to do, high-efficiency and economic.
Technical scheme of the present invention is: a kind of anti-season breeding and seedling nursing with equipment method of the Radix Astragali comprises the following steps:
1, a kind of anti-season breeding and seedling nursing with equipment method of the Radix Astragali comprises the following steps:
The common greenhouse by solar heat that is chosen in the semiarid sandy soil territory of height above sea level 1200～2500m is grown seedlings; Grow seedlings and ploughed deeply 25～30cm in front 20 days, with wholely every mu apply decomposed manure 4000～5000kg, water by every mu of 15～20t water yield; The shallow earth of digging of 5～10d, join and execute diammonium phosphate 10～20kg/ mu before growing seedlings, and joins and execute potassium sulphate 3～5kg/ mu, applies simultaneously 50% phoxim baythion 0.3g/m
2Desinsection is raked and is done furrow; Broadcast and front seed is processed; Again seed is processed during sowing;
October, early and middle ten days was sowed, and was 6～10kg/ mu according to seeding quantity, line-spacing 15cm, and every furrow 8 row carry out water furrow planting, ditch depth 3cm; Suppression of soil after planting, and shelter from heat or light with the black sunshade net on bed surface, inferior daily little spray mode is sprayed water by the amount of every 5～8t, to keep moistening; Emerge rear every 15～20d water spray once, each water 4～8t/ mu; When height of seedling 8～10cm, remove upper sunshade net, uprooting weed in good time; Spray respectively with urea and potassium dihydrogen phosphate in mid-December and topdress; Take off curtain, strqw cover and ventilation time by adjustment between nursery stage, and add a cover canopy film, straw screen or mat with heat-insulating and cold, carry out simultaneously the control of damage by disease and insect; Next year, late March unified lifting to early April.
Rearing condition in described step 1 be soil horizon thickness greater than 60cm, upper soll layer 10～15cm content of organic matter is that 8%～20%, pH is between 7.2～8.4, has preceding crop;
The decomposed manure of growing seedlings in described step 1 is that excrement of animals mixes the rear use of fully becoming thoroughly decomposed of 10%～15% soil;
The front seed treatment of broadcasting in described step 1 is that dry seeds is rubbed scratch and processed the fine sand Nylon Bag of packing into, till the above kind of stranding to 90% skin has obvious scratch, 4～the 5h in the warm water of 50 ℃ that soaks seed again makes imbibition seed rate reach 90% and washes in a pan out when above and dry, and is standby;
Dressing in described step 1 is watered 1kg being Isofenphos methyl missible oil 10ml with 20%, and the sub-10kg amount of dressing seed is dressed seed, or with 15% triadimefon pulvis 10g, is watered 1kg, and sub-10kg dresses seed;
Seedling cultivation greenhouse regulation and control in described step 1 are in seedling raising process, and average sunshine duration is 3.8～4.2h/d, and daytime, room temperature was controlled at 17～25 ℃ of left and right, and night, room temperature was controlled at 10～15 ℃ of left and right, and chamber humidity is controlled between 65%～85%;
Topdressing method in described step 1 is to spray with urea 5～10kg/ mu and 200～300 times of liquid of potassium dihydrogen phosphate respectively to topdress.
Pest control method in described step 1 is: spray with 500～600 times of liquid of 75% tpn wetting powder and prevent and treat powdery mildew; Spray control rust with 600～800 times of liquid of 80% mancozeb wettable powder; Select Aphox or 10% to kill 1000 times of liquid of chrysanthemum ester and spray pest control;
The furrow method of doing in described step 1 is furrow face width 120cm, furrow spacing 30cm, the high 20cm of furrow, the furrow length direction with greenhouse length to.
The present invention compared with prior art has the following advantages:
1, method provided by the invention can make the growth cycle of the Radix Astragali shorten to 1 year from traditional 2 years, can effectively improve land resources utilization efficient, increases economic well-being of workers and staff.
2, this method Radix Astragali seedling output of producing is high, quality better, and disease-resistant type is strong, transplants emergence rate high, and bright the producing of the average mu of the Radix Astragali seedling of cultivation reaches 1030kg, and average root reaches 22.5cm, average every hundred strains 286g that weighs.
3, provided by the invention method is simple, workable, can realize the production of modernization high-efficiency high-quality traditional Chinese medicine, is widely used in the modern agriculture with high efficiency productions such as traditional Chinese medicine cultivation.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1:
The common greenhouse by solar heat of profound arc bamboo wood formula that is chosen in the semiarid sandy soil territory of height above sea level 1920m is grown seedlings.Soil organic matter content is that 20%, pH is 7.6, and preceding crop is the original seed potato.The front 20d that grows seedlings ploughs deeply 25～30cm, with wholely every mu apply the cattle and sheep excrement mixing fertilizer 4500kg that becomes thoroughly decomposed, water by every mu of 20t water yield.The shallow earth of digging of 5d, join and execute diammonium phosphate 20kg/ mu before growing seedlings, and joins and execute potassium sulphate 5kg/ mu.Apply simultaneously 50% phoxim baythion 0.3g/m
2Desinsection is raked and is done furrow, furrow face width 120cm, furrow spacing 30cm, the high 20cm of furrow.Broadcast and front dry seeds is rubbed scratch and processed the fine sand Nylon Bag of packing into, rub with the hands to till 90% or more, the kind skin has obvious scratch, then the 4～5h in the warm water of 50 ℃ that soaks seed, make imbibition seed rate reach 90% and wash in a pan out when above and dry.With 20% Isofenphos methyl missible oil 10ml, be watered 1kg during sowing, the sub-10kg amount of dressing seed is dressed seed;
On October 15th, 2011 was 10kg/ mu according to the amount of broadcasting, line-spacing 15cm, and every furrow 8 row carry out water furrow planting, ditch depth 3cm.Suppression of soil after planting, and shelter from heat or light with the black sunshade net on bed surface.Inferior daily little spray mode is sprayed water by the amount of every 8t, to keep moistening.Emerge rear every 20d water spray once, try about every mu of water spray 5t of situation at every turn.When height of seedling 8～10cm, remove upper sunshade net, uprooting weed in good time.Sprayed respectively with urea 5kg/ mu and 200 times of liquid of potassium dihydrogen phosphate December 16 and topdress.Take off curtain, strqw cover and ventilation time by adjustment between nursery stage, and add a cover canopy film, straw screen or mat with heat-insulating and cold.In seedling raising process, average sunshine duration is 3.7h/d, and daytime, room temperature was controlled at 22 ℃ of left and right, and night, room temperature was controlled at 12 ℃ of left and right, and chamber humidity is controlled between 65%～85%.Unified lifting was surveyed and was produced on April 5th, 2012.
The bright output of the average mu of Radix Astragali seedling through above-mentioned seedling-cultivating method cultivation reaches 1080kg, and average root reaches 23.8cm, the heavy 298g of average every hundred strains.
Embodiment 2:
The common greenhouse by solar heat of profound arc bamboo wood formula that is chosen in the semiarid sandy soil territory of height above sea level 2250m is grown seedlings.Soil organic matter content is that 15%, pH is 8.0, and preceding crop is the original seed potato.Grow seedlings and ploughed deeply 25～30cm in front 20 days, with wholely every mu apply the Swine manure 4600kg that becomes thoroughly decomposed, water by every mu of 20t water yield.The shallow earth of digging of 5d, join and execute diammonium phosphate 20kg/ mu before growing seedlings, and joins and execute potassium sulphate 5kg/ mu.Apply simultaneously 50% phoxim baythion 0.3g/m
2Desinsection is raked and is done furrow, furrow face width 120cm, furrow spacing 30cm, the high 20cm of furrow.Broadcast and front dry seeds is rubbed scratch and processed the fine sand Nylon Bag of packing into, rub with the hands to till 90% or more, the kind skin has obvious scratch, then the 4～5h in the warm water of 50 ℃ that soaks seed, make imbibition seed rate reach 90% and wash in a pan out when above and dry.With 20% Isofenphos methyl missible oil 10ml, be watered 1kg during sowing, the sub-10kg amount of dressing seed is dressed seed, then uses 15% triadimefon pulvis 10g, is watered 1kg, and the sub-10kg that dresses seed is with preventing disease and pest;
On October 20th, 2011 was 10kg/ mu according to the amount of broadcasting, line-spacing 15cm, and every furrow 8 row carry out water furrow planting, ditch depth 3cm.Suppression of soil after planting, and shelter from heat or light with the black sunshade net on bed surface.Inferior daily little spray mode is sprayed water by the amount of every 8t, to keep moistening.Emerge rear every 20d water spray once, try about every mu of water spray 5t of situation at every turn.When height of seedling 8～10cm, remove upper sunshade net, uprooting weed in good time.Sprayed respectively with urea 8kg/ mu and 250 times of liquid of potassium dihydrogen phosphate December 20 and topdress.Take off curtain, strqw cover and ventilation time by adjustment between nursery stage, and add a cover canopy film, straw screen or mat with heat-insulating and cold.In seedling raising process, average sunshine duration is 3.8h/d, and daytime, room temperature was controlled at 22 ℃ of left and right, and night, room temperature was controlled at 12 ℃ of left and right, and chamber humidity is controlled between 65%～85%.Unified lifting was surveyed and was produced on April 5th, 2012.
Through the bright output 1025kg of the average mu of Radix Astragali seedling of above-mentioned seedling-cultivating method cultivation, average root reaches 23.1cm, the heavy 285g of average every hundred strains.
Embodiment 3:
The common greenhouse by solar heat of profound arc bamboo wood formula that is chosen in the semiarid sandy soil territory of height above sea level 1280m is grown seedlings.Soil organic matter content is that 12%, pH is 7.8, and preceding crop is Chinese cabbage.The front 20d that grows seedlings ploughs deeply 25～30cm, with wholely every mu apply the Swine manure 5000kg that becomes thoroughly decomposed, water by every mu of 20t water yield.The shallow earth of digging of 5d, join and execute diammonium phosphate 25kg/ mu before growing seedlings, and joins and execute potassium sulphate 5kg/ mu.Apply simultaneously 50% phoxim baythion 0.3g/m
2Desinsection is raked and is done furrow, furrow face width 120cm, furrow spacing 30cm, the high 20cm of furrow.Broadcast and front dry seeds is rubbed scratch and processed the fine sand Nylon Bag of packing into, rub with the hands to till 90% or more, the kind skin has obvious scratch, then the 4～5h in the warm water of 50 ℃ that soaks seed, make imbibition seed rate reach 90% and wash in a pan out when above and dry.With 15% triadimefon pulvis 10g, be watered 1kg during sowing, the sub-10kg that dresses seed is with preventing disease and pest;
On October 25th, 2011 was 10kg/ mu according to the amount of broadcasting, line-spacing 15cm, and every furrow 8 row carry out water furrow planting, ditch depth 3cm.Suppression of soil after planting, and shelter from heat or light with the black sunshade net on bed surface.Inferior daily little spray mode is sprayed water by the amount of every 8t, to keep moistening.Emerge rear every 20d water spray once, try about every mu of water spray 5t of situation at every turn.When height of seedling 8～10cm, remove upper sunshade net, uprooting weed in good time.Sprayed respectively with urea 10kg/ mu and 300 times of liquid of potassium dihydrogen phosphate December 20 and topdress.Take off curtain, strqw cover and ventilation time by adjustment between nursery stage, and add a cover canopy film, straw screen or mat with heat-insulating and cold.In seedling raising process, average sunshine duration is 4.0h/d, and daytime, room temperature was controlled at 22 ℃ of left and right, and night, room temperature was controlled at 12 ℃ of left and right, and chamber humidity is controlled between 65%～85%.Unified lifting was surveyed and was produced on April 5th, 2012.
Through the bright output 986kg of the average mu of Radix Astragali seedling of above-mentioned seedling-cultivating method cultivation, average root reaches 20.6cm, the heavy 276g of average every hundred strains.
Claims (9)
1. the anti-season breeding and seedling nursing with equipment method of a Radix Astragali comprises the following steps:
The common greenhouse by solar heat that is chosen in the semiarid sandy soil territory of height above sea level 1200～2500m is grown seedlings; Grow seedlings and ploughed deeply 25～30cm in front 20 days, with wholely every mu apply decomposed manure 4000～5000kg, water by every mu of 15～20t water yield; The shallow earth of digging of 5～10d, join and execute diammonium phosphate 10～20kg/ mu before growing seedlings, and joins and execute potassium sulphate 3～5kg/ mu, applies simultaneously 50% phoxim baythion 0.3g/m
2Desinsection is raked and is done furrow; Broadcast and front seed is processed; Again seed is processed during sowing;
October, early and middle ten days was sowed, and was 6～10kg/ mu according to seeding quantity, line-spacing 15cm, and every furrow 8 row carry out water furrow planting, ditch depth 3cm; Suppression of soil after planting, and shelter from heat or light with the black sunshade net on bed surface, inferior daily little spray mode is sprayed water by the amount of every 5～8t, to keep moistening; Emerge rear every 15～20d water spray once, each water 4～8t/ mu; When height of seedling 8～10cm, remove upper sunshade net, uprooting weed in good time; Spray respectively with urea and potassium dihydrogen phosphate in December and topdress; Take off curtain, strqw cover and ventilation time by adjustment between nursery stage, and add a cover canopy film, straw screen or mat with heat-insulating and cold, carry out simultaneously the control of damage by disease and insect; Unify lifting April next year, next year late March unify lifting to early April.
2. the anti-season breeding and seedling nursing with equipment method of the Radix Astragali as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: soil horizon thickness is greater than 60cm, and upper soll layer 10～15cm content of organic matter is that 8%～20%, pH is between 7.2～8.4, has preceding crop.
3. the anti-season breeding and seedling nursing with equipment method of the Radix Astragali as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: decomposed manure is excrement of animals, mixes 10%～15% soil and fully becomes thoroughly decomposed.
4. the anti-season breeding and seedling nursing with equipment method of the Radix Astragali as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: broadcast front seed treatment and refer to: dry seeds is rubbed scratch and is processed the fine sand Nylon Bag of packing into, till the above kind of stranding to 90% skin has obvious scratch, 4～5h again in the warm water of 50 ℃ soaks seed, make imbibition seed rate reach 90% and wash in a pan out when above and dry, standby.
5. the anti-season breeding and seedling nursing with equipment method of the Radix Astragali as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: Dressing refers to the Isofenphos methyl missible oil 10ml with 20%, is watered 1kg, the sub-10kg amount of dressing seed is dressed seed, or with 15% triadimefon pulvis 10g, being watered 1kg, sub-10kg dresses seed.
6. the anti-season breeding and seedling nursing with equipment method of the Radix Astragali as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: in seedling raising process, average sunshine duration is 3.8～4.2h/d, and daytime, room temperature was controlled at 17～25 ℃ of left and right, night, room temperature was controlled at 10～15 ℃ of left and right, and chamber humidity is controlled between 65%～85%.
7. the anti-season breeding and seedling nursing with equipment method of the Radix Astragali as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: topdress to spray with urea 5～10kg/ mu and 200～300 times of liquid of potassium dihydrogen phosphate respectively and topdress.
8. the anti-season breeding and seedling nursing with equipment method of the Radix Astragali as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: the extermination of disease and insect pest refers to: spray with 500～600 times of liquid of 75% tpn wetting powder and prevent and treat powdery mildew; Spray control rust with 600～800 times of liquid of 80% mancozeb wettable powder; Select Aphox or 10% to kill 1000 times of liquid of chrysanthemum ester and spray pest control.
9. the anti-season breeding and seedling nursing with equipment method of the Radix Astragali as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: furrow face width 100～120cm, furrow spacing 25～30cm, the high 15～20cm of furrow, the furrow length direction with greenhouse length to.
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| CN103621304A (en) * | 2013-12-17 | 2014-03-12 | 陇西县农业技术推广中心 | Outcrop cultivation method for Chinese herbal medicine by using 50cm mulch film |
| CN104488644A (en) * | 2015-01-08 | 2015-04-08 | 景泰县红砂岘生态农业有限公司 | Sandy land cherry off-season cultivation method |
| CN104620798A (en) * | 2013-11-12 | 2015-05-20 | 呼和浩特市通瑞科技有限责任公司 | Astragalus mongholicus bunge greenhouse seedling raising technique |
| CN104620799A (en) * | 2013-11-12 | 2015-05-20 | 呼和浩特市通瑞科技有限责任公司 | Astragalus mongholicus bunge high-ridge seedbed drop irrigation seedling raising technique |
| CN105794549A (en) * | 2014-12-30 | 2016-07-27 | 王德堂 | Control method of powdery mildew of radix astragali |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104620798A (en) * | 2013-11-12 | 2015-05-20 | 呼和浩特市通瑞科技有限责任公司 | Astragalus mongholicus bunge greenhouse seedling raising technique |
| CN104620799A (en) * | 2013-11-12 | 2015-05-20 | 呼和浩特市通瑞科技有限责任公司 | Astragalus mongholicus bunge high-ridge seedbed drop irrigation seedling raising technique |
| CN104620799B (en) * | 2013-11-12 | 2018-09-21 | 内蒙古瑞琛生物科技有限公司 | A kind of astragalus mongolicus high ridge seedbed trickle irrigation method for culturing seedlings |
| CN104620798B (en) * | 2013-11-12 | 2018-10-23 | 内蒙古瑞琛生物科技有限公司 | A kind of astragalus mongolicus is nursed young plants in hothouses method |
| CN103621304A (en) * | 2013-12-17 | 2014-03-12 | 陇西县农业技术推广中心 | Outcrop cultivation method for Chinese herbal medicine by using 50cm mulch film |
| CN103621304B (en) * | 2013-12-17 | 2015-03-25 | 陇西县农业技术推广中心 | Outcrop cultivation method for Chinese herbal medicine by using 50cm mulch film |
| CN105794549A (en) * | 2014-12-30 | 2016-07-27 | 王德堂 | Control method of powdery mildew of radix astragali |
| CN104488644A (en) * | 2015-01-08 | 2015-04-08 | 景泰县红砂岘生态农业有限公司 | Sandy land cherry off-season cultivation method |
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Application publication date: 20130508 |