CN102835236A

CN102835236A - Semi-wild astragalus mongholicus sowing method

Info

Publication number: CN102835236A
Application number: CN2012103095521A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 刘俊希
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2012-08-28
Filing date: 2012-08-28
Publication date: 2012-12-26

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of crop sowing, in particular to a semi-wild astragalus mongholicus sowing method which solves the problems that existing stragalus mongholicus sowing adopts natural growth and reproduction mode, period is long, output is low and the like. Steps are adopted as follows. Step (1): seeds are selected. Step (2): grains of sand are mixed into the seeds and are filtered out after the seeds and the grains of sand are roughly processed on a rice removing mill for once. Step (3): a land is selected and managed by being deeply ploughed 3-45 centimeters from the ground surface, base fertilizer is applied, farmyard manure is applied 2000 kilograms per mu, and bio-organic fertilizer is applied 50 kilograms per mu. Step (4): seeds are planted in arid lands, and processed seeds are sowed in ditches in a directed mode; the arid lands are irrigated, pregermination are first carried out on the processed seeds through boiling water, when the seeds expand or husks of the seeds rupture, the seeds are sown while the lands are wet. Step (5): field management is carried out. The semi-wild astragalus mongholicus sowing method gives preference to wild Mongolia stragalus mongholicus seeds, germination rate and germination speed are improved by means of special processes; sowing are carried out in a targeted mode according to two cases of arid lands and irrigated lands, so that the germination rate is further improved, and output of the stragalus mongholicus is improved, uniform field management is adopted, and operability of implementation methods is high.

Description

A kind of semi-wild astragalus cultivation method

Technical field

The present invention relates to the proportion of crop planting field, be specially a kind of semi-wild astragalus cultivation method.

Background technology

The Radix Astragali has another name called arrow stilbene, ball stilbene; Be the perennial tall and big herbal root system of pulse family, nutrient component is complete, is rich in multiple bioactivators such as polysaccharose, flavonoids, saponins, amino acids, trace element; Not only has the bidirectional modulation body's immunity; Health-care efficacies such as antibiotic, antifatigue and delaying cell aging, enhancing body resistance against diseases also have tonifying Qi and lifting yang, functions such as strengthening exterior and reducing sweat, detoxification apocenosis, inducing diuresis for removing edema; Being one of the most frequently used clinically tonifying Qi medicine, is one of maximum traditional Chinese medicine of consumption figure.Western Loess Plateau and northern territory are the main producing regions of the Radix Astragali, and the Radix Astragali of cultivation is mainly astragalus mongolicus at present, and production scale accounts for 70 ~ 80% of national Radix Astragali gross yield.In recent years, China's astragalus cultivation area is in continuous decline, and output constantly reduces; Its main cause is that Radix Astragali growth cycle is long, and mainly adopts the disseminate seeds mode of self-sow breeding of land for growing field crops, and the plantation administrative skill falls behind; Yield poorly, slackened the enthusiasm at plantation family to a great extent.Therefore high-yield high-grade culture technique, the raising output of studying the Radix Astragali are the urgent subject matter that solves.

Summary of the invention

The present invention adopts land for growing field crops self-sow modes of reproduction, the growth cycle problem such as grow, yield poorly that disseminates seeds in order to solve existing astragalus cultivation, and a kind of semi-wild astragalus cultivation method is provided.

The present invention adopts following technical scheme to realize: a kind of semi-wild astragalus cultivation method may further comprise the steps: (1) seed selection, and select wild astragalus mongolicus seed with Lu Yashan or mountain range, Hengshan Mountain to carry out semi-wild and foster; (2) seed treatment uses that percentage by weight is 10%, the grains of sand the same with the astragalus membranaceus seed particle size, evenly is stirred in the seed, slightly goes over taking off on the rice stone roller, then the grains of sand is selected; (3) ground is put in order on choosing ground, the plantation of the semi-wild Radix Astragali selects that soil layer is deep, fertile soil, draining well, sand irrigated land or nonirrigated farmland, 3 ~ 45cm deep ploughs; Apply base fertilizer; Every mu applies 2000 kilograms of farmyard manures, and 50 kilograms of biological organic fertilizers are ploughed deeply back polishing leveling; (4) plantation, A, in the nonirrigated farmland, start apart from for 28cm, be the furrow of 2 ~ 3cm deeply, with 4 kilograms every mu, through the seed that step (2) was handled, evenly broadcast in the ditch, covering seed soil layer is no more than 1cm, stone moves seamless; B, in the irrigated land, will pass through the astragalus membranaceus seed that step (2) handled earlier and carry out boiling water vernalization with 4 kilograms every mu, specific practice is: get seed and place container, add boiling water; Be as the criterion to flood seed, do not stop to stir one minute, add cold water then, water transfer temperature to 40 degree; Placed 2 hours, water is contained out, reserve seed for planting son in container, leave standstill; With boiling in a covered pot over a slow fire 8 ~ 10 hours after the seal of vessel, when treating that seed expands or crust breaks, take advantage of the moist sowing in soil immediately; (5) field management, the semi-wild Radix Astragali be planted in 1 year seedling length to 5 ~ 8 slice leaf the time, begin to hoe up weeds, seedling thinning, with weeding hoe to the greatest extent after, press the fat big seedling of the high selection of 8cm ~ 10cm and decide strain, self-sow, during carry out disease control work.

Compare with traditional cultivation method, the present invention is that master's wild astragalus mongolicus seed carries out semi-wild and fosters with Lu Yashan or mountain range, Hengshan Mountain preferably, through special seed treatment; Improved germination rate and the speed of sprouting, and, planted targetedly in plantation time-division nonirrigated farmland and the two kinds of situation in irrigated land; Especially before in the irrigated land, planting,, further improved germination rate through boiling water vernalization operation; Improve the output of the Radix Astragali greatly, in addition, adopted fertilizer and farmyard manure to combine; Satisfied the Radix Astragali fully and produced necessary nutritive element, and adopted unified field management, implementation method is workable.The traditional Chinese medicine Radix Astragali that adopts the method for the invention plantation through the fundamental research of Chinese department of traditional Chinese medicine institute and the check of Beijing general Buddhist nun's physico-chemical analysis test center; Its main content Astragaloside content is 0.158%; Be higher than national regulation more than 0.040% 4 times, auxiliary characteristicss such as ash content, residual, the heavy metal of farming are also well below national regulation, and the drug effect of this Radix Astragali and quality all are superior to like product; In a word, according to the invention kind of method for planting has certain popularization value and practical value.

Embodiment

A kind of semi-wild astragalus cultivation method may further comprise the steps:

(1) seed selection, selecting with Lu Yashan or mountain range, Hengshan Mountain (Shanxi Province is northern) is that master's wild astragalus mongolicus seed carries out semi-wild and fosters;

(2) seed treatment uses that percentage by weight is 10%, the grains of sand the same with the astragalus membranaceus seed particle size, evenly is stirred in the seed, slightly goes over taking off on the rice stone roller, then the grains of sand is selected; Because astragalus membranaceus seed is coated with thin film, generally is not easy infiltration water, be difficult to germinate; The present invention adopts the hardness height, has the grains of sand of corner angle and seed to be mixed together, and rolls through taking off the mixing of rice stone roller, in this process; The corner angle of the grains of sand can puncture the film of astragalus membranaceus seed outer surface; When germinateing, water advances seed with regard to porous like this, improves germination rate.

(3) ground is put in order on choosing ground, the plantation of the semi-wild Radix Astragali should select that soil layer is deep, fertile soil, draining well, sand irrigated land or nonirrigated farmland, because of astragalus mongolicus is a phreatophyte; So must plough deeply ground; Deep ploughing 3 ~ 45cm, set applies base fertilizer, and every mu applies 2000 kilograms of farmyard manures; 50 kilograms of biological organic fertilizers are ploughed deeply back polishing leveling; The fecaluria of the optional personnel selection of farmyard manure, the fecaluria of livestock breeding etc., biological organic fertilizer can be chosen the fertilizer that the Yuncheng fertile industry of rich happiness is produced;

(4) plantation,

A, in the nonirrigated farmland, putting in order in the ground, start apart from for 28cm, be the furrow of 2 ~ 3cm deeply, with 4 kilograms every mu, through the seed that step (2) was handled, evenly broadcast in the ditch, covering seed soil layer is no more than 1cm, stone moves seamless, can germinate behind the rain;

B, in the irrigated land, will pass through the astragalus membranaceus seed that step (2) handled earlier and carry out boiling water vernalization with 4 kilograms every mu, specific practice is: get seed and place container; Add certain amount of boiling water, be as the criterion, do not stop to stir one minute to flood seed; Add cold water then, water transfer temperature to 40 degree was placed 2 hours; Water is contained out, reserved seed for planting son in container, leave standstill; To boil in a covered pot over a slow fire 8 ~ 10 hours after the seal of vessel; When treating that seed expands or crust breaks, take advantage of the moist sowing of the apprentice immediately, do not add seamless behind the earthing;

(5) field management, the semi-wild Radix Astragali be planted in 1 year seedling length to 5 ~ 8 slice leaf the time, begin to hoe up weeds; Seedling thinning, with weeding hoe to the greatest extent after, select fat big seedling to decide strain by 8 ~ 10cm is high; A uprooting weed seedling thinning in the growth afterwards lets its self-sow, but will carry out the infringement that prevents underground mouse; Also will carry out disease, worm, evil work in the prevention semi-wild Radix Astragali process of growth, the semi-wild Radix Astragali production cycle was at 3 years to 8 years.

(6) excavate and preliminary working, the semi-wild Radix Astragali excavate when the time of the year when autumn changes into winter, cauline leaf was withered and yellow or do not carry out when sprouting is unearthed early spring, the Radix Astragali of extraction is gone the pure land; Take advantage of and bright the reed head is cut, remove fibrous root, put outdoor airing half an hour; Root made in order tie into handle; Shine to absolutely dry again, break into bale then, wait for and selling.

Claims

1. semi-wild astragalus cultivation method is characterized in that may further comprise the steps:

(1) seed selection is selected wild astragalus mongolicus seed with Lu Yashan or mountain range, Hengshan Mountain to carry out semi-wild and is fostered;

(2) seed treatment uses that percentage by weight is 10%, the grains of sand the same with the astragalus membranaceus seed particle size, evenly is stirred in the seed, slightly goes over taking off on the rice stone roller, then the grains of sand is selected;

(3) ground is put in order on choosing ground, the plantation of the semi-wild Radix Astragali selects that soil layer is deep, fertile soil, draining well, sand irrigated land or nonirrigated farmland, 3 ~ 45cm deep ploughs; Apply base fertilizer; Every mu applies 2000 kilograms of farmyard manures, and 50 kilograms of biological organic fertilizers are ploughed deeply back polishing leveling;

(4) plantation,

A, in the nonirrigated farmland, start apart from for 28cm, be the furrow of 2 ~ 3cm deeply, with 4 kilograms every mu, through the seed that step (2) was handled, evenly broadcast in the ditch, covering seed soil layer is no more than 1cm, stone moves seamless;

B, in the irrigated land, will pass through the astragalus membranaceus seed that step (2) handled earlier and carry out boiling water vernalization with 4 kilograms every mu, specific practice is: get seed and place container; Add boiling water, be as the criterion, do not stop to stir one minute to flood seed; Add cold water then, water transfer temperature to 40 degree was placed 2 hours; Water is contained out; Reserve seed for planting son in container, leave standstill, will boil in a covered pot over a slow fire 8 ~ 10 hours after the seal of vessel; When treating that seed expands or crust breaks, take advantage of the moist sowing in soil immediately;

(5) field management, the semi-wild Radix Astragali be planted in 1 year seedling length to 5 ~ 8 slice leaf the time, begin to hoe up weeds, seedling thinning, with weeding hoe to the greatest extent after, select fat big seedling to decide strain by 8 ~ 10cm is high, self-sow, during carry out disease control work.

2. a kind of semi-wild astragalus cultivation method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that treating that the Radix Astragali grows up to after, when the time of the year when autumn changes into winter, cauline leaf was withered and yellow or do not excavate when sprouting is unearthed early spring; The Radix Astragali of extraction is gone the pure land, take advantage of aquatic foods the reed head is cut, remove fibrous root; Put outdoor airing half an hour; Root made in order tie into handle, shine to absolutely dry, breaking into bale then can sell.