CN107396712A - A kind of implantation methods of winter soybean - Google Patents

Abstract

A kind of implantation methods of winter soybean, including being planted using crop rotation method, it is characterised in that including deep ploughing site preparation, rational application of fertilizers, rhizobium collections, seed treatment, the sowing time, seeding method, seedling management, cross winter management, early spring period management, bear pods period management, drum grain maturation period management, the disease pest and weed of blooming is prevented and treated；Its advantage is to be used for the soybean of new plantation after the plant rhizobium in a upper season are gathered and prepared, and soybean can be made to accelerate to obtain required nutrient；Carrying out rational application of fertilizers can make soybean planting obtain the nutrient for being adapted to its physiological property；Rational close planted can make full use of and create illumination, air-flow, heat, Nutrient Environment in the winter time, accelerate soybean growth；The soybean growth stage is divided into and blooms fruiting period and rouse the progress weeding of grain maturity period, apply fertilizer and apply water management, and the appropriate prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control, it is ensured that soybean normal growth, improves the quality and yield of soybean.

Description

A kind of implantation methods of winter soybean

Technical field

The present invention relates to agricultural plantation technology field, particularly a kind of implantation methods of winter soybean.

Background technology

Soybean belongs to Papilionaceae, Glycine.Alias soya bean.Once soybean is referred to as bean on many ancient book in China,《The Book of Songs》In just have：The record of " in original bean, the common people adopt it "；Western Jin Dynasty Du is pre- to be annotated to bean word：" bean, soybean "；Qin Han just replaces bean word with beans word later.Soybean originates in China, it is estimated that, the history of China's plantation soybean for many years.The history of European and American countries the cultivated soybean is very short, is sent from China, at present, soybean culture various countries all over the world.

Soybean has become the source of most important vegetable protein and edible vegetable oil in the world today, is formed in world cereal crops and occupies critical role in international oil crops.

The planting patterns of soybean is directly connected to its group size, and group size is then an important factor for determining yield per unit area, the general principle of soybean high-yield cultivation is on the basis of reasonable utilization and reform of nature condition, with the cultivation technique measure of science, to create the well-grown light of soybean, temperature, heat, fertile condition, the yield and qualitative genetics potentiality for making soybean varieties are not fully exerted, and reach high yield, high-quality, efficient purpose.Natural conditions are usually uncontrollable, can only be deacclimatized by rational method；Implantation methods are controllable, its essence is the influences of the ecological factor to soybean physiology process and growing process such as light, temperature, heat, fertilizer are improved, so as to improve the yield of soybean and quality.

Soybean presses the difference of its sowing season, can be divided into early soybean, summer soybean, autumn soybean and the class of winter soybean four；Winter soybean is typically sowed in winter, next year harvest.But existing winter soybean is not planted according to its Seasonal Characteristics.

The content of the invention

The technical problems to be solved by the invention are to provide according to seasonal characteristic to plant the method for winter soybean, so that winter soybean can better adapt to environment and utilize environmental condition, and obtain and preferably grow up, improve the yield and quality of soybean.

In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is a kind of implantation methods of winter soybean, including planted using crop rotation method, it is characterised in that including following method.

(1) deep plough site preparation：Soybean is deep ploughed prior to seeding site preparation and combines organic fertilizer, but also wants shallow winter breaking before sowing, for soybean growth one good environment of creation.

(2) rational application of fertilizers：The method that applies fertilizers scientifically that fertilization compositions based on earth measurement is combined with layer by layer manuring is carried out, according to different habitant situation and local natural climate condition, by chemical examination and calculates, determines chemical fertilizer time of application and dosage；Layered deep placement is taken, i.e. base fertilizer is applied under ridge at 16~18cm, and dosage accounts for the 60% of total dose；For seed-fertilizer applying under kind at 4cm, dosage accounts for the 40% of total dose.

(3) rhizobium are collected：Select and remain the plant more than root nodule from last year soybean plant strain to air-dry, the used time takes root fungus, and it is standby to wear into bacterium powder.

(4) seed treatment：To dry, screen before soybean planting, remove solids, foreign particle, infected seed, blighted grain, grain of damaging by worms；Root nodule bacterium powder is poured into a small amount of clear water, even rear seed dressing is stirred well and dries in the shade；Then the coating clay fertilizer for the ratio making of 100kg fertile soil and 3kg water being mixed with 1kg NPKs wraps up seed.

(5) the sowing time：Mid-November to early December, using greenhouse or middle canopy two-membrane process seeding and seedling raising.

(6) seeding method：To ensure seeding quality, sowing is unsuitable too deep, also should not be too shallow, accomplishes that the depth is consistent, otherwise will influence the regularity of germination and plant；Equidistant precision point sowing is carried out using soybean seeder, plant is evenly distributed, depth of planting is 3~5cm；Ridge culture soybean takes compact planting in narrow row technology, the row of 70cm micro-ridges kind 3, the big rows of ridge kind 5 of 110cm, small line-spacing 10cm, increase in density to 40.5 ten thousand~47.5 ten thousand plant/hm2.

(7) seedling management：Carry out looking into seedling, be short of seedling and fill the gaps with seedlings after soybean emergence, it is ensured that Miao Quan, and timely thinning, reject pimple seedling, reach that seedling is complete, robust seedling；It can be reseeded when filling the gaps with seedlings or sprout is transplanted；Intertillage is carried out immediately in an after seedling to hoe up weeds, the time of infertility at least intertills 3 ~ 4 times, intertills with root growth situation according to shallow mode is carried out again from shallow to deep；Hoed up weeds with intertillage, soil is gathered around to root, gradually trained the low bank of earth between fields, beneficial to drought-enduring, anti-fall, water drainage；What unfertile land did not applied fertilizer to the subsoil, can be in Seedling Stage top dressing, to promoting branch formation and bud differentiation to have fine effect, and favourable rhizobium develop and enhancing nitrogen fixing capacity；If lacking moisture in the soil wants Rational Irrigation, high yield plant shape is formed to promote bud differentiation；If seedling has the excessive growth impetus, bean seedlings are suppressed along ridge in fine day noon when the 1st compound leaf deploys, seedling promoting root growth can be pressed, increase yield.

(8) winter management is crossed：Winter rainwater is few, is poured using underground water；Getting up early is watered less, and so that root system grows downwards, the middle and later periods waters more；Canopy covers use simultaneously in, keeps soil to have certain temperature.

(9) early spring period management：Early spring, general rain was more, it should be noted that prevention waterlogging.

(10) bloom the period management that bears pods：See seedling management, protect control and combine, high-yield field avoids sealing that ridge is strongly fragrant to cover too early based on controlling, and reaches maximum leaf area preferably in latter stage of blooming；Envelope continues to hoe up weeds before ridge, as one sees fit to liquid manure, weak seedling initial bloom stage top dressing, strong sprout not top dressing, to prevent excessive growth；The flower pod phase chases after phosphate fertilizer；When old green, noon blade, which occurs, in leaf color wilts, to water in time；6-7cm is beaten in full blossom latter stage It is top；Foliage application can be carried out according to growing way in first flower to whole florescence.

(11) grain maturation period management is roused：The drum grain maturity period is that soybean accumulates dry most period, and the important period of yield composition；Promote nutrient to be shifted into seed, promote the full increase grain-weight of grain, the center of period management when optimum period precocity is then this；The period water shortage can increase not plump pod, blighted grain, and 100-grain weight declines.

(12) disease pest and weed is prevented and treated：Soybean diseases and insect pests mainly have root rot, graywall, cyst roundworm, eating-core bean worm, aphid etc.；Root rot, cyst roundworm etc. are prevented and treated in which can be suited measures to local conditions according to edaphic condition using seed coat agent coating, from 50% thiram or 50% formulation of Duofu mixture by methods such as 0.4% seed dressings of seed weight；Aphid takes fumigation control method, reduces Pesticide use amount；Soybean in field weeds are a lot, and chemical weed control will filter out low toxicity, the efficient, chemical herbicide of low-residual, control amount of application as far as possible；Intertillage is combined before sowing or before emergence and carries out 1 soil chemistry closing weeding, fruiting period sprays 1 herbicide again, and latter stage to fruiting period can spray chemical regulator according to soybean growing way blooming.

The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows the soybean for being used for new plantation after the plant rhizobium in a upper season are gathered and prepared, soybean can be made to accelerate to obtain required nutrient；Carrying out rational application of fertilizers can make soybean planting obtain the nutrient for being adapted to its physiological property；Rational close planted can make full use of and create illumination, air-flow, heat, Nutrient Environment in the winter time, accelerate soybean growth；The soybean growth stage is divided into and blooms fruiting period and rouse the progress weeding of grain maturity period, apply fertilizer and apply water management, and the appropriate prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control, it is ensured that soybean normal growth, improves the quality and yield of soybean.

Embodiment

With reference to embodiment, the invention will be further described, and following examples are intended to illustrate invention rather than limitation of the invention further, should not be limited the scope of the invention with this.

Embodiment 1.

Winter soybean is planted, is planted using crop rotation method, mainly with the following method.

(1) deep plough site preparation：Soybean is deep ploughed prior to seeding site preparation and combines organic fertilizer, but also wants shallow winter breaking before sowing, for soybean growth one good environment of creation.

(2) rational application of fertilizers：The method that applies fertilizers scientifically that fertilization compositions based on earth measurement is combined with layer by layer manuring is carried out, according to different habitant situation and local natural climate condition, by chemical examination and calculates, determines chemical fertilizer time of application and dosage；Layered deep placement is taken, i.e. base fertilizer is applied under ridge at 16cm, and dosage accounts for the 60% of total dose；For seed-fertilizer applying under kind at 4cm, dosage accounts for the 40% of total dose.

(3) rhizobium are collected：Select and remain the plant more than root nodule from last year soybean plant strain to air-dry, the used time takes root fungus, and it is standby to wear into bacterium powder.

(4) seed treatment：To dry, screen before soybean planting, remove solids, foreign particle, infected seed, blighted grain, grain of damaging by worms；Root nodule bacterium powder is poured into a small amount of clear water, even rear seed dressing is stirred well and dries in the shade；Then the coating clay fertilizer for the ratio making of 100kg fertile soil and 3kg water being mixed with 1kg NPKs wraps up seed.

(5) the sowing time：Mid-November to early December, using greenhouse or middle canopy two-membrane process seeding and seedling raising.

(6) seeding method：To ensure seeding quality, sowing is unsuitable too deep, also should not be too shallow, accomplishes that the depth is consistent, otherwise will influence the regularity of germination and plant；Equidistant precision point sowing is carried out using soybean seeder, plant is evenly distributed, depth of planting 3cm；Ridge culture soybean takes compact planting in narrow row technology, the row of 70cm micro-ridges kind 3, the big rows of ridge kind 5 of 110cm, small line-spacing 10cm, increase in density to 40.5 hundred million plants/hm2.

(7) seedling management：Carry out looking into seedling, be short of seedling and fill the gaps with seedlings after soybean emergence, it is ensured that Miao Quan, and timely thinning, reject pimple seedling, reach that seedling is complete, robust seedling；It can be reseeded when filling the gaps with seedlings or sprout is transplanted；Intertillage is carried out immediately in an after seedling to hoe up weeds, the time of infertility at least intertills 3 ~ 4 times, intertills with root growth situation according to shallow mode is carried out again from shallow to deep；Hoed up weeds with intertillage, soil is gathered around to root, gradually trained the low bank of earth between fields, beneficial to drought-enduring, anti-fall, water drainage；What unfertile land did not applied fertilizer to the subsoil, can be in Seedling Stage top dressing, to promoting branch formation and bud differentiation to have fine effect, and favourable rhizobium develop and enhancing nitrogen fixing capacity；If lacking moisture in the soil wants Rational Irrigation, high yield plant shape is formed to promote bud differentiation；If seedling has the excessive growth impetus, bean seedlings are suppressed along ridge in fine day noon when the 1st compound leaf deploys, seedling promoting root growth can be pressed, increase yield.

(8) winter management is crossed：Winter rainwater is few, is poured using underground water；Getting up early is watered less, and so that root system grows downwards, the middle and later periods waters more；Canopy covers use simultaneously in, keeps soil to have certain temperature.

(9) early spring period management：Early spring, general rain was more, it should be noted that prevention waterlogging.

(10) bloom the period management that bears pods：See seedling management, protect control and combine, high-yield field avoids sealing that ridge is strongly fragrant to cover too early based on controlling, and reaches maximum leaf area preferably in latter stage of blooming；Envelope continues to hoe up weeds before ridge, as one sees fit to liquid manure, weak seedling initial bloom stage top dressing, strong sprout not top dressing, to prevent excessive growth；The flower pod phase chases after phosphate fertilizer；When old green, noon blade, which occurs, in leaf color wilts, to water in time；It is top that 6cm is beaten in full blossom latter stage；Foliage application can be carried out according to growing way in first flower to whole florescence.

(11) grain maturation period management is roused：The drum grain maturity period is that soybean accumulates dry most period, and the important period of yield composition；Promote nutrient to be shifted into seed, promote the full increase grain-weight of grain, the center of period management when optimum period precocity is then this；The period water shortage can increase not plump pod, blighted grain, and 100-grain weight declines.

(12) disease pest and weed is prevented and treated：Soybean diseases and insect pests mainly have root rot, graywall, cyst roundworm, eating-core bean worm, aphid etc.；Root rot, cyst roundworm etc. are prevented and treated in which can be suited measures to local conditions according to edaphic condition using seed coat agent coating, from 50% thiram or 50% formulation of Duofu mixture by methods such as 0.4% seed dressings of seed weight；Aphid takes fumigation control method, reduces Pesticide use amount；Soybean in field weeds are a lot, and chemical weed control will filter out low toxicity, the efficient, chemical herbicide of low-residual, control amount of application as far as possible；Intertillage is combined before sowing or before emergence and carries out 1 soil chemistry closing weeding, fruiting period sprays 1 herbicide again, and latter stage to fruiting period can spray chemical regulator according to soybean growing way blooming.

Embodiment 2.

Winter soybean is planted, is planted using crop rotation method, mainly with the following method.

(1) deep plough site preparation：Soybean is deep ploughed prior to seeding site preparation and combines organic fertilizer, but also wants shallow winter breaking before sowing, for soybean growth one good environment of creation.

(2) rational application of fertilizers：The method that applies fertilizers scientifically that fertilization compositions based on earth measurement is combined with layer by layer manuring is carried out, according to different habitant situation and local natural climate condition, by chemical examination and calculates, determines chemical fertilizer time of application and dosage；Layered deep placement is taken, i.e. base fertilizer is applied under ridge at 17cm, and dosage accounts for the 60% of total dose；For seed-fertilizer applying under kind at 4cm, dosage accounts for the 40% of total dose.

(3) rhizobium are collected：Select and remain the plant more than root nodule from last year soybean plant strain to air-dry, the used time takes root fungus, and it is standby to wear into bacterium powder.

(4) seed treatment：To dry, screen before soybean planting, remove solids, foreign particle, infected seed, blighted grain, grain of damaging by worms；Root nodule bacterium powder is poured into a small amount of clear water, even rear seed dressing is stirred well and dries in the shade；Then the coating clay fertilizer for the ratio making of 100kg fertile soil and 3kg water being mixed with 1kg NPKs wraps up seed.

(5) the sowing time：Mid-November to early December, using greenhouse or middle canopy two-membrane process seeding and seedling raising.

(6) seeding method：To ensure seeding quality, sowing is unsuitable too deep, also should not be too shallow, accomplishes that the depth is consistent, otherwise will influence the regularity of germination and plant；Equidistant precision point sowing is carried out using soybean seeder, plant is evenly distributed, depth of planting 4cm；Ridge culture soybean takes compact planting in narrow row technology, the row of 70cm micro-ridges kind 3, the big rows of ridge kind 5 of 110cm, small line-spacing 10cm, increase in density to 43.5 ten thousand plants/hm2.

(7) seedling management：Carry out looking into seedling, be short of seedling and fill the gaps with seedlings after soybean emergence, it is ensured that Miao Quan, and timely thinning, reject pimple seedling, reach that seedling is complete, robust seedling；It can be reseeded when filling the gaps with seedlings or sprout is transplanted；Intertillage is carried out immediately in an after seedling to hoe up weeds, the time of infertility at least intertills 3 ~ 4 times, intertills with root growth situation according to shallow mode is carried out again from shallow to deep；Hoed up weeds with intertillage, soil is gathered around to root, gradually trained the low bank of earth between fields, beneficial to drought-enduring, anti-fall, water drainage；What unfertile land did not applied fertilizer to the subsoil, can be in Seedling Stage top dressing, to promoting branch formation and bud differentiation to have fine effect, and favourable rhizobium develop and enhancing nitrogen fixing capacity；If lacking moisture in the soil wants Rational Irrigation, high yield plant shape is formed to promote bud differentiation；If seedling has the excessive growth impetus, bean seedlings are suppressed along ridge in fine day noon when the 1st compound leaf deploys, seedling promoting root growth can be pressed, increase yield.

(8) winter management is crossed：Winter rainwater is few, is poured using underground water；Getting up early is watered less, and so that root system grows downwards, the middle and later periods waters more；Canopy covers use simultaneously in, keeps soil to have certain temperature.

(9) early spring period management：Early spring, general rain was more, it should be noted that prevention waterlogging.

(10) bloom the period management that bears pods：See seedling management, protect control and combine, high-yield field avoids sealing that ridge is strongly fragrant to cover too early based on controlling, and reaches maximum leaf area preferably in latter stage of blooming；Envelope continues to hoe up weeds before ridge, as one sees fit to liquid manure, weak seedling initial bloom stage top dressing, strong sprout not top dressing, to prevent excessive growth；The flower pod phase chases after phosphate fertilizer；When old green, noon blade, which occurs, in leaf color wilts, to water in time；6.5cm is beaten in full blossom latter stage It is top；Foliage application can be carried out according to growing way in first flower to whole florescence.

(11) grain maturation period management is roused：The drum grain maturity period is that soybean accumulates dry most period, and the important period of yield composition；Promote nutrient to be shifted into seed, promote the full increase grain-weight of grain, the center of period management when optimum period precocity is then this；The period water shortage can increase not plump pod, blighted grain, and 100-grain weight declines.

(12) disease pest and weed is prevented and treated：Soybean diseases and insect pests mainly have root rot, graywall, cyst roundworm, eating-core bean worm, aphid etc.；Root rot, cyst roundworm etc. are prevented and treated in which can be suited measures to local conditions according to edaphic condition using seed coat agent coating, from 50% thiram or 50% formulation of Duofu mixture by methods such as 0.4% seed dressings of seed weight；Aphid takes fumigation control method, reduces Pesticide use amount；Soybean in field weeds are a lot, and chemical weed control will filter out low toxicity, the efficient, chemical herbicide of low-residual, control amount of application as far as possible；Intertillage is combined before sowing or before emergence and carries out 1 soil chemistry closing weeding, fruiting period sprays 1 herbicide again, and latter stage to fruiting period can spray chemical regulator according to soybean growing way blooming.

Embodiment 3.

Winter soybean is planted, is planted using crop rotation method, mainly with the following method.

(1) deep plough site preparation：Soybean is deep ploughed prior to seeding site preparation and combines organic fertilizer, but also wants shallow winter breaking before sowing, for soybean growth one good environment of creation.

(2) rational application of fertilizers：The method that applies fertilizers scientifically that fertilization compositions based on earth measurement is combined with layer by layer manuring is carried out, according to different habitant situation and local natural climate condition, by chemical examination and calculates, determines chemical fertilizer time of application and dosage；Layered deep placement is taken, i.e. base fertilizer is applied under ridge at 18cm, and dosage accounts for the 60% of total dose；For seed-fertilizer applying under kind at 4cm, dosage accounts for the 40% of total dose.

(3) rhizobium are collected：Select and remain the plant more than root nodule from last year soybean plant strain to air-dry, the used time takes root fungus, and it is standby to wear into bacterium powder.

(4) seed treatment：To dry, screen before soybean planting, remove solids, foreign particle, infected seed, blighted grain, grain of damaging by worms；Root nodule bacterium powder is poured into a small amount of clear water, even rear seed dressing is stirred well and dries in the shade；Then the coating clay fertilizer for the ratio making of 100kg fertile soil and 3kg water being mixed with 1kg NPKs wraps up seed.

(5) the sowing time：Mid-November to early December, using greenhouse or middle canopy two-membrane process seeding and seedling raising.

(6) seeding method：To ensure seeding quality, sowing is unsuitable too deep, also should not be too shallow, accomplishes that the depth is consistent, otherwise will influence the regularity of germination and plant；Equidistant precision point sowing is carried out using soybean seeder, plant is evenly distributed, depth of planting 5cm；Ridge culture soybean takes compact planting in narrow row technology, the row of 70cm micro-ridges kind 3, the big rows of ridge kind 5 of 110cm, small line-spacing 10cm, increase in density to 47.5 ten thousand plants/hm2.

(7) seedling management：Carry out looking into seedling, be short of seedling and fill the gaps with seedlings after soybean emergence, it is ensured that Miao Quan, and timely thinning, reject pimple seedling, reach that seedling is complete, robust seedling；It can be reseeded when filling the gaps with seedlings or sprout is transplanted；Intertillage is carried out immediately in an after seedling to hoe up weeds, the time of infertility at least intertills 3 ~ 4 times, intertills with root growth situation according to shallow mode is carried out again from shallow to deep；Hoed up weeds with intertillage, soil is gathered around to root, gradually trained the low bank of earth between fields, beneficial to drought-enduring, anti-fall, water drainage；What unfertile land did not applied fertilizer to the subsoil, can be in Seedling Stage top dressing, to promoting branch formation and bud differentiation to have fine effect, and favourable rhizobium develop and enhancing nitrogen fixing capacity；If lacking moisture in the soil wants Rational Irrigation, high yield plant shape is formed to promote bud differentiation；If seedling has the excessive growth impetus, bean seedlings are suppressed along ridge in fine day noon when the 1st compound leaf deploys, seedling promoting root growth can be pressed, increase yield.

(8) winter management is crossed：Winter rainwater is few, is poured using underground water；Getting up early is watered less, and so that root system grows downwards, the middle and later periods waters more；Canopy covers use simultaneously in, keeps soil to have certain temperature.

(9) early spring period management：Early spring, general rain was more, it should be noted that prevention waterlogging.

(10) bloom the period management that bears pods：See seedling management, protect control and combine, high-yield field avoids sealing that ridge is strongly fragrant to cover too early based on controlling, and reaches maximum leaf area preferably in latter stage of blooming；Envelope continues to hoe up weeds before ridge, as one sees fit to liquid manure, weak seedling initial bloom stage top dressing, strong sprout not top dressing, to prevent excessive growth；The flower pod phase chases after phosphate fertilizer；When old green, noon blade, which occurs, in leaf color wilts, to water in time；It is top that 7cm is beaten in full blossom latter stage；Foliage application can be carried out according to growing way in first flower to whole florescence.

(11) grain maturation period management is roused：The drum grain maturity period is that soybean accumulates dry most period, and the important period of yield composition；Promote nutrient to be shifted into seed, promote the full increase grain-weight of grain, the center of period management when optimum period precocity is then this；The period water shortage can increase not plump pod, blighted grain, and 100-grain weight declines.

(12) disease pest and weed is prevented and treated：Soybean diseases and insect pests mainly have root rot, graywall, cyst roundworm, eating-core bean worm, aphid etc.；Root rot, cyst roundworm etc. are prevented and treated in which can be suited measures to local conditions according to edaphic condition using seed coat agent coating, from 50% thiram or 50% formulation of Duofu mixture by methods such as 0.4% seed dressings of seed weight；Aphid takes fumigation control method, reduces Pesticide use amount；Soybean in field weeds are a lot, and chemical weed control will filter out low toxicity, the efficient, chemical herbicide of low-residual, control amount of application as far as possible；Intertillage is combined before sowing or before emergence and carries out 1 soil chemistry closing weeding, fruiting period sprays 1 herbicide again, and latter stage to fruiting period can spray chemical regulator according to soybean growing way blooming.

Claims (1)

1. a kind of implantation methods of winter soybean, including planted using crop rotation method, it is characterised in that including following method：

(1) deep plough site preparation：Soybean is deep ploughed prior to seeding site preparation and combines organic fertilizer, but also wants shallow winter breaking before sowing, for soybean growth one good environment of creation；

(2) rational application of fertilizers：The method that applies fertilizers scientifically that fertilization compositions based on earth measurement is combined with layer by layer manuring is carried out, according to different habitant situation and local natural climate condition, by chemical examination and calculates, determines chemical fertilizer time of application and dosage；Layered deep placement is taken, i.e. base fertilizer is applied under ridge at 16~18cm, and dosage accounts for the 60% of total dose；For seed-fertilizer applying under kind at 4cm, dosage accounts for the 40% of total dose；

(3) rhizobium are collected：Select and remain the plant more than root nodule from last year soybean plant strain to air-dry, the used time takes root fungus, and it is standby to wear into bacterium powder；

(4) seed treatment：To dry, screen before soybean planting, remove solids, foreign particle, infected seed, blighted grain, grain of damaging by worms；Root nodule bacterium powder is poured into a small amount of clear water, even rear seed dressing is stirred well and dries in the shade；Then the coating clay fertilizer for the ratio making of 100kg fertile soil and 3kg water being mixed with 1kg NPKs wraps up seed；

(5) the sowing time：Mid-November to early December, using greenhouse or middle canopy two-membrane process seeding and seedling raising；

(6) seeding method：To ensure seeding quality, sowing is unsuitable too deep, also should not be too shallow, accomplishes that the depth is consistent, otherwise will influence the regularity of germination and plant；Equidistant precision point sowing is carried out using soybean seeder, plant is evenly distributed, depth of planting is 3~5cm；Ridge culture soybean takes compact planting in narrow row technology, the row of 70cm micro-ridges kind 3, the big rows of ridge kind 5 of 110cm, small line-spacing 10cm, increase in density to 40.5 ten thousand~47.5 ten thousand plant/hm2；

(7) seedling management：Carry out looking into seedling, be short of seedling and fill the gaps with seedlings after soybean emergence, it is ensured that Miao Quan, and timely thinning, reject pimple seedling, reach that seedling is complete, robust seedling；It can be reseeded when filling the gaps with seedlings or sprout is transplanted；Intertillage is carried out immediately in an after seedling to hoe up weeds, the time of infertility at least intertills 3 ~ 4 times, intertills with root growth situation according to shallow mode is carried out again from shallow to deep；Hoed up weeds with intertillage, soil is gathered around to root, gradually trained the low bank of earth between fields, beneficial to drought-enduring, anti-fall, water drainage；What unfertile land did not applied fertilizer to the subsoil, can be in Seedling Stage top dressing, to promoting branch formation and bud differentiation to have fine effect, and favourable rhizobium develop and enhancing nitrogen fixing capacity；If lacking moisture in the soil wants Rational Irrigation, high yield plant shape is formed to promote bud differentiation；If seedling has the excessive growth impetus, bean seedlings are suppressed along ridge in fine day noon when the 1st compound leaf deploys, seedling promoting root growth can be pressed, increase yield；

(8) winter management is crossed：Winter rainwater is few, is poured using underground water；Getting up early is watered less, and so that root system grows downwards, the middle and later periods waters more；Canopy covers use simultaneously in, keeps soil to have certain temperature；

(9) early spring period management：Early spring, general rain was more, it should be noted that prevention waterlogging；

(10) bloom the period management that bears pods：See seedling management, protect control and combine, high-yield field avoids sealing that ridge is strongly fragrant to cover too early based on controlling, and reaches maximum leaf area preferably in latter stage of blooming；Envelope continues to hoe up weeds before ridge, as one sees fit to liquid manure, weak seedling initial bloom stage top dressing, strong sprout not top dressing, to prevent excessive growth；The flower pod phase chases after phosphate fertilizer；When old green, noon blade, which occurs, in leaf color wilts, to water in time；It is top that 6-7cm is beaten in full blossom latter stage；Foliage application can be carried out according to growing way in first flower to whole florescence；

(11) grain maturation period management is roused：The drum grain maturity period is that soybean accumulates dry most period, and the important period of yield composition；Promote nutrient to be shifted into seed, promote the full increase grain-weight of grain, the center of period management when optimum period precocity is then this；The period water shortage can increase not plump pod, blighted grain, and 100-grain weight declines；

(12) disease pest and weed is prevented and treated：Soybean diseases and insect pests mainly have root rot, graywall, cyst roundworm, eating-core bean worm, aphid etc.；Root rot, cyst roundworm etc. are prevented and treated in which can be suited measures to local conditions according to edaphic condition using seed coat agent coating, from 50% thiram or 50% formulation of Duofu mixture by methods such as 0.4% seed dressings of seed weight；Aphid takes fumigation control method, reduces Pesticide use amount；Soybean in field weeds are a lot, and chemical weed control will filter out low toxicity, the efficient, chemical herbicide of low-residual, control amount of application as far as possible；Intertillage is combined before sowing or before emergence and carries out 1 soil chemistry closing weeding, fruiting period sprays 1 herbicide again, and latter stage to fruiting period can spray chemical regulator according to soybean growing way blooming.