CN110999728B - Method for cultivating seedlings of daylily in saline water - Google Patents
Method for cultivating seedlings of daylily in saline water Download PDFInfo
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- CN110999728B CN110999728B CN201911359563.9A CN201911359563A CN110999728B CN 110999728 B CN110999728 B CN 110999728B CN 201911359563 A CN201911359563 A CN 201911359563A CN 110999728 B CN110999728 B CN 110999728B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/22—Improving land use; Improving water use or availability; Controlling erosion
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of plant planting, and particularly relates to a method for saline seedling culture and cultivation of a daylily. The method for breeding seedlings by using saline water comprises the steps of sowing seeds in early spring, collecting branches and leaves of the P.chrysosporium in the previous year before sowing, boiling the branches and leaves with fresh water, and soaking seeds to be sowed for 24-48 hours by keeping clear water; after sowing and before seed germination, fresh water is irrigated every 2-3 d; the subsequent irrigation water adopts salt water with the mineralization degree of 2-5 g/L. By using the method disclosed by the invention, seedling raising and field planting are carried out in extreme arid regions in northwest, the rate of emergence can reach more than 50%, the survival rate of seedlings can reach more than 70-80%, and the method can be suitable for saline water irrigation and can relieve the pressure of fresh water use in arid regions.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of plant planting, and particularly relates to a method for saline seedling and cultivation of a daylily.
Background
The daylily (herba Lissampelotis anachorii) is distributed in the gobi and desert areas of northwest arid areas. The plant has strong drought resistance, and golden yellow corolla can not fall off after blooming in spring and summer. In autumn, the whole flower catkin can become dry flowers along with the withered branches and leaves, most flower crowns can still be remained on the dry branches, the color change is small, and the ornamental value is still achieved. Therefore, the yellow soil is a sand ornamental plant which is drought-resistant, barren-resistant, has strong ornamental value and has great market development potential.
At present, due to shortage of fresh water resources, underground salt water, domestic sewage and the like are mostly utilized by water for some ecological construction projects, and reclaimed water is mostly utilized by urban ecological water. However, the water quality of the water resources is poor, and particularly the salt content in the water is high, so that the normal growth of plants is not facilitated.
The requirement of the daylily on soil is not high, the daylily can grow in saline-alkali soil and sand, but a saline water irrigation seedling raising technology is not reported. In extreme arid regions in northwest of China, ecological water use indexes are tight, and fresh water is hardly available, so that the problem of saline water seedling culture needs to be solved, the technical bottleneck of saline water seedling culture of limonium aureum in extreme arid regions is broken through, and technical support is provided for subsequent market development.
Disclosure of Invention
Technical problem to be solved
In order to relieve the use pressure of fresh water resources and ensure the emergence rate and the survival rate of seedlings of the los angelicae, the invention provides a saline water seedling and cultivation method of the los angelicae.
(II) technical scheme
The invention firstly provides a method for cultivating seedlings of the yellow pine in saline water, seeding in early spring,
before sowing, collecting the branches and leaves of the dried radix et rhizoma parthenoliae of the previous year, boiling with fresh water, keeping clear water, cooling, and soaking for 24-48 h;
after sowing and before seed germination, fresh water is irrigated every 2-3 d; the subsequent irrigation water adopts saline water with the mineralization degree of 2-5g/L, and after the seeds germinate, the irrigation period is prolonged to 5-7 d; after the leaves grow out, the irrigation period is prolonged to 9-11 d; after 2-3 true leaves grow out, the irrigation period is prolonged to 14-16 d; and in 8-9 months, the irrigation period is prolonged to 28-32d, and then water is not irrigated.
The invention discovers that the method can improve the emergence rate and the survival rate of the seedlings of the los angelicae after the seedlings are raised in saline water.
Preferably, the seedlings are lifted before sprouting at the beginning of 3 months of the 2 nd year after sowing, and 30-50 seedlings are bundled and heeled in after lifting, so that the survival rate of the seedlings can be further improved.
In order to optimize the emergence rate and the survival rate of seedlings, other detailed operations are explored and optimized by the method, and the following technical scheme is obtained:
as a preferable technical scheme, the saline water seedling method of the los angelicae comprises the following steps:
(1) selecting fertile loose loam or sandy soil as seedling raising soil, making flat beds on the seedling raising ground, wherein the width of each bed is 2-3m, applying farmyard manure on the ground, smashing, finely scattering, ploughing for 15-20cm, uniformly mixing the soil, raking finely and leveling;
(2) sowing in early spring, collecting the branches and leaves of the radix et rhizoma Jasmini sambac in the previous year before sowing, boiling with fresh water, cooling the juice to 40-50 deg.C, filtering with a screen, removing impurities, and soaking in clear water for 24-48 h;
(3) watering the seedbed thoroughly before sowing, and uniformly sowing seeds after no water is accumulated in the furrow; after sowing, beating the seedbed to make the seeds fully contact with the soil;
(4) after sowing and before seed germination, fresh water is irrigated every 2-3 d; the subsequent irrigation water adopts saline water with the mineralization degree of 2-5g/L, and after the seeds germinate, the irrigation period is prolonged to 5-7 d; after the leaves grow out, the irrigation period is prolonged to 9-11 d; after 2-3 true leaves grow out, the irrigation period is prolonged to 14-16 d; after 8-9 months, the irrigation period is prolonged to 28-32d, and then water is not irrigated;
(5) before the soil is frozen, the ridge is watered thoroughly, and a layer of dry branches and fallen leaves with the thickness of 5-10cm are covered, so that the soil moisture content can be increased, and the seedlings can pass the winter;
(6) at the beginning of 3 months of the 2 nd year after sowing, lifting seedlings before the seedlings germinate, and tying 30-50 plants after lifting the seedlings and heeling in.
The invention further provides a cultivation method of the los angelicae pine, and seedlings are planted after the saline water seedling cultivation method is used for seedling cultivation.
For a specific seedling in the present invention, preferably the planting specifically comprises:
before transplanting, watering the planting area thoroughly, keeping the root system stretched, planting according to the plant spacing of 20-30cm and the row spacing of 30-40cm, forming a gap-shaped planting hole on the planting point, then planting 1 seedling in each hole, keeping the root system stretched, vertically placing the seedling in the hole, closing the gap-shaped planting hole, then watering for 1 time immediately, and watering thoroughly.
Preferably, the irrigation water used in and after the field planting can be fresh water or saline water, and the mineralization degree of the irrigation water is only required to be controlled to be less than 8 g/L.
Preferably, when the seedlings are transported from a seedling raising place to a planting area, a wet sand layer with the water content of 5-10% is adopted to cover the seedlings, and the root systems of the seedlings are kept wet to prevent the seedlings from losing water.
The above-described preferred embodiments can be combined by one skilled in the art to provide preferred embodiments of the present invention.
(III) advantageous effects
By using the method disclosed by the invention, seedling raising and field planting are carried out in extreme arid regions in northwest, the rate of emergence can reach more than 50%, the survival rate of seedlings can reach more than 70-80%, and the method can be suitable for saline water irrigation and can relieve the pressure of fresh water use in arid regions.
Detailed Description
The following examples are intended to illustrate the invention but are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
The examples do not show the specific techniques or conditions, according to the technical or conditions described in the literature in the field, or according to the product specifications. The reagents or instruments used are conventional products available from regular distributors, not indicated by the manufacturer.
Example 1
The embodiment provides a method for cultivating and cultivating a daylily pine in saline water, wherein a seedling cultivation place is a plant garden in a tower in a takrama dry desert abdominal land, and a field planting place is a wind prevention and sand control workstation in the last county.
The specific process is as follows:
firstly, seedling raising stage:
(1) selecting fertile loose loam or sandy soil as seedling raising soil, making flat beds on the seedling raising land, wherein the width of each bed is 2m, applying farmyard manure on the ground, mashing, finely scattering, turning over for 15-20cm, uniformly mixing the soil, raking, finely leveling;
(2) sowing in early spring, collecting the branches and leaves of the radix et rhizoma Jasmini sambac in the previous year before sowing, boiling with fresh water, cooling the juice to 45 deg.C, filtering with a screen, removing impurities, and soaking in clear water for 48 h;
(3) watering the seedbed thoroughly before sowing, and uniformly sowing seeds after no water is accumulated in the furrow; after sowing, a brooms are used for beating the seedbed to ensure that the seeds are fully contacted with the soil;
(4) after sowing and before seed germination, fresh water is irrigated every 2 d; then, the irrigation water adopts saline water with the mineralization degree of 4g/L, and after the seeds germinate, the irrigation period is prolonged to 5 d; after the leaves grow out, the irrigation period is prolonged to 10 days; after 2-3 true leaves grow out, the irrigation period is prolonged to 15 days; after 8-9 months, the irrigation period is prolonged to 30d, and then no water is irrigated;
(5) before the land is frozen, watering thoroughly in the ridge, and covering a layer of dry branches and fallen leaves with the thickness of 10 cm;
(6) and observing the germination condition of the seedling branches at the beginning of 3 months in the 2 nd year after sowing. Before the seedlings germinate, lifting the seedlings, and tying every 50 seedlings and heeling in the seedlings;
(II) transportation phase
In the transportation from the seedling raising field to the planting area, a wet sand layer with the water content of about 8% is adopted for covering, and the root system of the nursery stock is kept moist to prevent the nursery stock from losing water.
(III) permanent planting stage
Before transplanting, watering thoroughly a planting area, keeping a root system unfolded, planting according to the plant spacing of 30cm and the row spacing of 30cm, inserting a shovel into soil on a planting point, shaking left and right to form a gap-shaped planting hole, planting 1 seedling in each hole, keeping the root system unfolded, vertically placing the seedling in the hole, treading left and right with feet to close the gap, immediately supplementing and watering (the mineralization is less than 8g/L) for 1 time, and thoroughly watering.
The emergence rate and the survival rate of seedlings are recorded and counted, after the method is adopted, the emergence rate of the radix pseudolaricis can reach more than 50%, the survival rate of the seedlings can reach more than 70%, the radix pseudolaricis can adapt to saline water irrigation, and the mineralization degree of irrigation water is controlled to be less than 8 g/L.
Comparative example 1
The comparative example provides a method for cultivating and cultivating the los angelicae in saline water, and the method is different from the method in example 1 in that: and (3) soaking the seeds to be sowed in fresh water in the step (2).
The emergence rate and the survival rate of seedlings are recorded and counted, and after the method, the emergence rate of the radix pseudolaricis is 40 percent, and the survival rate of the seedlings is 70 percent.
Comparative example 2
The comparative example provides a saline water seedling and cultivation method of the daylily pine, and a seedling growing land and a field planting land are plant gardens in a tower of a takrama dry desert abdominal land. The difference from example 1 is that: in the step (4), saline water with the degree of mineralization of 9g/L is adopted.
The emergence rate and the survival rate of seedlings are recorded and counted, and after the method, the emergence rate of the radix pseudolaricis is 45 percent, and the survival rate of the seedlings is 60 percent.
Although the invention has been described in detail hereinabove with respect to a general description and specific embodiments thereof, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that modifications or improvements may be made thereto based on the invention. Accordingly, such modifications and improvements are intended to be within the scope of the invention as claimed.
Claims (8)
1. The method for breeding the seedlings of the yellow soil in the saline water is characterized in that the yellow soil is sowed in early spring,
before sowing, collecting the branches and leaves of the dried radix et rhizoma parthenoliae of the previous year, boiling with fresh water, keeping clear water, cooling, and soaking for 24-48 h;
after sowing and before seed germination, fresh water is irrigated every 2-3 d; the subsequent irrigation water adopts saline water with the mineralization degree of 2-5g/L, and after the seeds germinate, the irrigation period is prolonged to 5-7 d; after the leaves grow out, the irrigation period is prolonged to 9-11 d; after 2-3 true leaves grow out, the irrigation period is prolonged to 14-16 d; and in 8-9 months, the irrigation period is prolonged to 28-32d, and then water is not irrigated.
2. The saline water seedling raising method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the seedlings are lifted before the seedlings sprout at the beginning of 3 months of the 2 nd year after sowing, and 30-50 plants are bundled and heeled in after the seedlings are lifted.
3. The saline water seedling raising method according to claim 1, which specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) selecting fertile loose loam or sandy soil as seedling raising soil, making flat beds on the seedling raising ground, wherein the width of each bed is 2-3m, applying farmyard manure on the ground, smashing, finely scattering, ploughing for 15-20cm, uniformly mixing the soil, raking finely and leveling;
(2) sowing in early spring, collecting the branches and leaves of the radix et rhizoma Jasmini sambac in the previous year before sowing, boiling with fresh water, cooling the juice to 40-50 deg.C, filtering with a screen, removing impurities, and soaking in clear water for 24-48 h;
(3) watering the seedbed thoroughly before sowing, and uniformly sowing seeds after no water is accumulated in the furrow; after sowing, beating the seedbed to make the seeds fully contact with the soil;
(4) after sowing and before seed germination, fresh water is irrigated every 2-3 d; the subsequent irrigation water adopts saline water with the mineralization degree of 2-5g/L, and after the seeds germinate, the irrigation period is prolonged to 5-7 d; after the leaves grow out, the irrigation period is prolonged to 9-11 d; after 2-3 true leaves grow out, the irrigation period is prolonged to 14-16 d; after 8-9 months, the irrigation period is prolonged to 28-32d, and then water is not irrigated;
(5) before freezing on the land, thoroughly watering in a ridge, and covering a layer of dry branches and fallen leaves with the thickness of 5-10 cm;
(6) at the beginning of 3 months of the 2 nd year after sowing, lifting seedlings before the seedlings germinate, and tying 30-50 plants after lifting the seedlings and heeling in.
4. A method for cultivating a plant of the genus Pseudolarix, characterized in that after the seedling is grown by the method of any one of claims 1 to 3, the seedling is planted.
5. The cultivation method according to claim 4, wherein the field planting specifically comprises:
before transplanting, watering the field planting area thoroughly, planting according to the plant spacing of 20-30cm and the row spacing of 30-40cm, forming a gap-shaped planting hole on the planting point, then planting 1 seedling in each hole, keeping the root system stretched, vertically placing the seedling in the hole, closing the gap-shaped planting hole, then watering for 1 time immediately, and watering thoroughly.
6. A method as claimed in claim 4 or 5, characterized in that the seedlings are covered with a layer of wet sand with a moisture content of 5-10% when they are transported from the nursery to the planting area.
7. The cultivation method according to claim 4 or 5, wherein the irrigation water used during and after planting is fresh water or salt water, and the mineralization degree of the irrigation water is controlled to be <8 g/L.
8. The cultivation method according to claim 6, wherein the irrigation water used during and after the planting is fresh water or salt water, and the mineralization degree of the irrigation water is controlled to be <8 g/L.
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| CN101971756B (en) * | 2010-08-27 | 2012-03-14 | 中国农业科学院兰州畜牧与兽药研究所 | Artificial cultivating method of limoniumau-reum |
| CN102057828A (en) * | 2010-10-22 | 2011-05-18 | 天津市农业资源与环境研究所 | Method for planting poplar trees on coast saline-alkali soil by utilizing saline water |
| CN105028123A (en) * | 2015-06-23 | 2015-11-11 | 潍坊友容实业有限公司 | Organic matter-enriched brackish water irrigation method for saline-alkali soil and application of irrigation method in planting of silphium perfoliatum |
| CN107197758A (en) * | 2017-05-10 | 2017-09-26 | 蚌埠市涂山村富民石榴专业合作社 | A kind of seeding growing seedlings method of ginkgo |
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