CN109156297A - A kind of wild genuine Radix Astragali artificial method for planting - Google Patents

A kind of wild genuine Radix Astragali artificial method for planting Download PDF

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Publication number
CN109156297A
CN109156297A CN201811112941.9A CN201811112941A CN109156297A CN 109156297 A CN109156297 A CN 109156297A CN 201811112941 A CN201811112941 A CN 201811112941A CN 109156297 A CN109156297 A CN 109156297A
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seed
radix astragali
selection
deeply
year
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刘俊希
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G22/00Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
    • A01G22/25Root crops, e.g. potatoes, yams, beet or wasabi
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01BSOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
    • A01B79/00Methods for working soil
    • A01B79/02Methods for working soil combined with other agricultural processing, e.g. fertilising, planting

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Botany (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Soil Sciences (AREA)
  • Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)

Abstract

The invention belongs to Chinese medicine planting technology fields, to improve the quality that artificial growth cultivates Radix Astragali, provide a kind of wild genuine Radix Astragali artificial method for planting.Selection of land site preparation, seed selection, seed treatment, Precise sowing, intertillage management, seed collection, is ploughed deeply, is completely cured, harvesting seed, rhizome harvesting, preliminary working;Radix Astragali is planted using the method for the invention, the method germination percentage processed with sand cutting is up to 85% or so.Substantially increase the effect of seed treatment.The thin soil of pine is ploughed deeply, changes environment for young plant, for the system for destroying zokor infringement building;Young plant has additional nutrients;The longitudinal toward Shenzhen Development Bank of rhizome is cut off, makes it laterally toward girth growth.It ploughs deeply after being completely cured, countless hair roots can be separated from bottom, absorb nutrient for main root, the speed of main root growth is obviously accelerated, and reduces growth year, improves yield, increase benefit.It is completely cured and also lays the foundation for digging.

Description

A kind of wild genuine Radix Astragali artificial method for planting
Technical field
The invention belongs to Chinese medicine planting technology fields, and in particular to a kind of wild genuine Radix Astragali artificial method for planting.
Background technique
Usually the Radix Astragali for being grown in mountain or hills area in history is called ecosystem Radix Astragali by we, is mainly distributed on mountain The ground such as west, the Inner Mongol, Gansu, northeast;By artificial seeding, the Radix Astragali grown naturally is called natural cultivation Radix Astragali, and the period is 8 Year or more, it is mainly distributed on the ground such as Shanxi, Shaanxi, northeast;Using artificial breeding, the Radix Astragali manually transplanted, we are called it Fast-growing transplanting stilbene, the period 2 years.The natural cultivation Radix Astragali and standardized planting technology that we say are referred to planting in nonirrigated farmland and be covered The process of ancient Radix Astragali (Astragalus mongholicus Bunge), by artificial plantation, wild is fostered, and reaches primary The quality of state Radix Astragali.
Summary of the invention
The present invention provides a kind of wild genuine Radix Astragali artificial growth side to improve the quality that artificial growth cultivates Radix Astragali Method.
The present invention is realized by following technical solution: a kind of wild genuine Radix Astragali artificial method for planting, selection of land, site preparation, choosing Kind seed treatment, Precise sowing, intertillage management, seed collection, is ploughed deeply, is completely cured, harvesting seed, rhizome harvesting, preliminary working;Tool Steps are as follows for body:
(1) selection of land, site preparation: soil layer is deep for selection, fertile soil, the sand loam easily drained, the mountainous region of easy mechanization, hilly ground Or level land, 40-50cm is ploughed deeply in spring soil, is applied 1-2 cubic metres of farmyard manures per acre, is added potassium persulfate content per acre 40 kilograms of compound fertilizer is uniformly manured into soil as base fertilizer, and rake polishes whole;
(2) seed selection, seed treatment: selection is carried out screening and is dried in the air with Lu Yashan, the natural cultivation astragalus mongolicus seed on Hengshan Mountain mountain range Shine, then mix 10% with the consistent sand grains of astragalus membranaceus seed partial size, uniformly admix in astragalus membranaceus seed, on de- rice machine just mistake one Time, wait sowing;
(3) Precise sowing: more than latter week, soil is steady and sure for site preparation;It is sowed before rainfall, with line-spacing 30cm, mu kind 2.5 Kilogram finished seed, with six row seeders, seed is uniformly sown into ditch, earthing 1cm in ditch, after rainfall by ditch depth 3cm Wait emergence;
(4) intertillage management: when Radix Astragali seedling to 5-8 piece leaf, start first pass and hoe up weeds seedling thinning, seedling thinning is selected fat with spacing in the rows 22-28cm Big healthy and strong seedling is retained;Early spring in next year when seedling is to 10-15cm, hoe up weeds for second time, grows naturally after hoeing up weeds, there is big grass Shi Rengong is pulled out, and in later intertillage management, to prevent and treat based on the zokor of underground, prevention and treatment zokor is filled with water or machine is catched and killed;
(5) seed collection: third year starts to produce seeds, and when 70% or more fruit angle is yellow dry, the inside seed blacks, and uses combine harvester Harvest, falls early stage mellow fruit angle on the ground, then brought back with dust catcher, then threshing, screening, sunning, storage, wait plant Or sale;
(6) it ploughs deeply, be completely cured: growing to the 4th year early spring naturally, after soil thaws, plough deeply 80-100cm, Radix Astragali rhizome is cut off, And 40 kilograms of compound fertilizers per acre are applied, ground is flattened;
(7) harvesting seed: Radix Astragali, which is grown to the 5th year, to be started to get bumper crops, and is collected seed and is manually picked or recycled with high-intensitive dust catcher;
(8) rhizome harvests: after the 5th year collects seed, with cooling off for weather, Radix Astragali, which enters, withers, and starts to excavate after White Dew, with list Turnplow is ploughed deeply, then Radix Astragali rhizome is picked, it is whole it is suitable, bundled, transport processing base to, to preliminary working;As the 5th autumn and winter did not rose Person can leave the digging of the 6th early spring;If the 6th year early spring has not played person, it can also leave and beat kind, continue to excavate after White Dew;
(9) preliminary working: ground stalk is removed;Then side shoot to be cut and is separated, mobile jib and side shoot form single branch regardless of length, When shining half-dried, when stilbene body softness, is smoothed out with the fingers straight, bundle handle;Thick diameter in 8-12cm, straight cone is formed, then It puts up big row, dry, it is for sale to separate grade.
Radix Astragali is planted using fast-growing, the period is 2 years, and the time is short, and investment is high, and quality is low, the average 200 kilograms of hairs system of per mu yield.It presses 2015,3 years 2016,2017 average market prices are 18 yuan, 3600 yuan of per mu yield value, averagely 1800 yuan of mu annual income;It is wild Radix Astragali is fostered to need for eight years, 500 kilograms of fresh goods of average yield per mu tear dry more than 160 kilograms of hairs system open.By the every public affairs of the flat fare of the first three years Jin hair is united 100 yuan 1.6 ten thousand yuan of value of calculating per mu yield, average 2000 yuan or so of mu annual income.
Radix Astragali is planted using the method for the invention, is calculated with seeding row spacing 25cm × 30cm, more than 8000 plants of per mu yield, by five Year growth, plant weight be averaged 200g, and 1600 kilograms of fresh goods of per mu yield calculate, mu by 18 yuan of flat fare per kilogram fresh goods of the first three years 2.88 ten thousand yuan of the output value, 5700 yuan of mu annual income, deduct cost of investment, 4500 yuan of net income or so of mu year.
The coating membrane that astragalus membranaceus seed has one layer of human eye can't see does not go to process if it is new seed, and bud case tests germination percentage 50% or so, so people are before the planting, seed is processed with different methods.Wherein there is boiled water to pour method, Sulfuric acid infusion method;The former is only limited to water and irrigates the fields plantation, and the latter is residual to agriculture is left in soil.The medicine people have largely selected in de- rice Just into one time on machine, germination percentage is increased to 70% or more.
The key technology of standardized planting is that we uniformly admix 10% sand grains similar with astragalus membranaceus seed size It in astragalus membranaceus seed, is just gone on de- rice machine, allows the corner angle of sand grains, scratch the coating membrane of seed, encroached water point roots. It was verified that the method germination percentage processed with sand cutting is up to 85% or so.Substantially increase the effect of seed treatment.
Site preparation ploughs deeply 40cm -50cm, is to turn over brokenly the hardening layer in former years to thicken arable layer of loosening the soil, root can be made straight It extends downwardly.When will appear Radix Astragali rhizome if do not ploughed deeply and be elongated to hardening layer, due to the soft or hard variation of soil property, rhizome will appear point Trouble, influences commercial specification.
With six row planting with sowing machine, sowing is accurate, and the depth is controllable, and earthing is uniform, and furrow iron tyre jolt-squeeze, saving of work and time reaches To optimum efficiency.
Plough deeply, be completely cured be natural cultivation Radix Astragali and standardized planting most critical link.Ploughing deeply is to dredge soil for pine, is strain Seedling changes environment, the more system of destruction zokor infringement building;Fertilising is had additional nutrients for young plant;80cm -100cm is completely cured, and is The longitudinal toward Shenzhen Development Bank of rhizome is cut off, makes it laterally toward girth growth.It ploughs deeply after being completely cured, countless hair roots can be separated from bottom, based on Root absorbs nutrient, and the speed of main root growth is obviously accelerated, and reduces growth year, improves yield, increase benefit.It is completely cured and is also Digging lays the foundation.
Specific embodiment
A kind of wild genuine Radix Astragali artificial method for planting, selection of land, site preparation, seed selection, seed treatment, Precise sowing, intertillage pipe Reason seed collection, is ploughed deeply, is completely cured, harvesting seed, rhizome harvesting, preliminary working;Specific step is as follows:
(1) selection of land, site preparation: soil layer is deep for selection, fertile soil, the sand loam easily drained, the mountainous region of easy mechanization, hilly ground Or level land, 40-50cm is ploughed deeply in spring soil, is applied 1-2 cubic metres of farmyard manures per acre, is preferred with chicken pig manure;It adds per acre 40 kilograms of the compound fertilizer of potassium persulfate content is uniformly manured into soil as base fertilizer, and rake polishes whole;
(2) seed selection, seed treatment: selection is carried out screening and is dried in the air with Lu Yashan, the natural cultivation astragalus mongolicus seed on Hengshan Mountain mountain range Shine, then mix 10% with the consistent sand grains of astragalus membranaceus seed partial size, uniformly admix in astragalus membranaceus seed, on de- rice machine just mistake one Time, wait sowing;
(3) Precise sowing: more than latter week, soil is steady and sure for site preparation;It is sowed before rainfall, with line-spacing 30cm, mu kind 2.5 Kilogram finished seed, with six row seeders, seed is uniformly sown into ditch, then ditch slightly jolt-squeeze, ditch by ditch depth 3cm Earthing 1cm in moat waits emergence after rainfall;
(4) intertillage management: when Radix Astragali seedling to 5-8 piece leaf, start first pass and hoe up weeds seedling thinning, seedling thinning is selected fat with spacing in the rows 22-28cm Big healthy and strong seedling is retained;Early spring in next year when seedling is to 10-15cm, hoe up weeds for second time, grows naturally after hoeing up weeds, there is big grass Shi Rengong is pulled out, and in later intertillage management, to prevent and treat based on the zokor of underground, prevention and treatment zokor is filled with water or machine is catched and killed;
(5) seed collection: third year starts to produce seeds, and when 70% or more fruit angle is yellow dry, the inside seed blacks, and uses combine harvester Harvest, falls early stage mellow fruit angle on the ground, then brought back with dust catcher, then threshing, screening, sunning, storage, wait plant Or sale;
(6) it ploughs deeply, be completely cured: growing to the 4th year early spring naturally, after soil thaws, help single ploughshare with the height that Inner Mongol Tu Zuoqi is produced Plough, ploughs deeply 80-100cm, Radix Astragali rhizome is cut off, and applies 40 kilograms of compound fertilizers per acre, and ground is flattened;
(7) harvesting seed: Radix Astragali, which is grown to the 5th year, to be started to get bumper crops, and is collected seed and is manually picked or recycled with high-intensitive dust catcher;
(8) rhizome harvests: after the 5th year collects seed, with cooling off for weather, Radix Astragali, which enters, withers, and starts to excavate after White Dew, with list Turnplow is ploughed deeply, then Radix Astragali rhizome is picked, it is whole it is suitable, bundled, transport processing base to, to preliminary working;As the 5th autumn and winter did not rose Person can leave the digging of the 6th early spring;If the 6th year early spring has not played person, it can also leave and beat kind, continue to excavate after White Dew;
(9) preliminary working: ground stalk is removed;Then side shoot to be cut and is separated, mobile jib and side shoot form single branch regardless of length, When shining half-dried, when stilbene body softness, is smoothed out with the fingers straight, bundle handle;Thick diameter in 8-12cm, straight cone is formed, then It puts up big row, dry, it is for sale to separate grade.
Radix Astragali is planted using the method, is calculated with seeding row spacing 25cm × 30cm, more than 8000 plants of per mu yield, by life in 5 years Long, plant weight be averaged 200g, and 1600 kilograms of fresh goods of per mu yield calculate, per mu yield value by 18 yuan of flat fare per kilogram fresh goods of the first three years 2.88 ten thousand yuan, 5700 yuan of mu annual income, deduct cost of investment, 4500 yuan of net income or so of mu year.
The coating membrane that astragalus membranaceus seed has one layer of human eye can't see does not go to process if it is new seed, and bud case tests germination percentage 50% or so, so people are before the planting, seed is processed with different methods.Wherein there is boiled water to pour method, Sulfuric acid infusion method;The former is only limited to water and irrigates the fields plantation, and the latter is residual to agriculture is left in soil.The medicine people have largely selected in de- rice Just into one time on machine, germination percentage is increased to 70% or more.
The key technology of standardized planting is that we uniformly admix 10% sand grains similar with astragalus membranaceus seed size It in astragalus membranaceus seed, is just gone on de- rice machine, allows the corner angle of sand grains, scratch the coating membrane of seed, encroached water point roots. It was verified that the method germination percentage processed with sand cutting is up to 85% or so.Substantially increase the effect of seed treatment.
Site preparation ploughs deeply 40cm -50cm, is to turn over brokenly the hardening layer in former years to thicken arable layer of loosening the soil, root can be made straight It extends downwardly.When will appear Radix Astragali rhizome if do not ploughed deeply and be elongated to hardening layer, due to the soft or hard variation of soil property, rhizome will appear point Trouble, influences commercial specification.
With six row planting with sowing machine, sowing is accurate, and the depth is controllable, and earthing is uniform, and furrow iron tyre jolt-squeeze, saving of work and time reaches To optimum efficiency.
Plough deeply, be completely cured be natural cultivation Radix Astragali and standardized planting most critical link.Ploughing deeply is to dredge soil for pine, is strain Seedling changes environment, the more system of destruction zokor infringement building;Fertilising is had additional nutrients for young plant;80cm -100cm is completely cured, and is The longitudinal toward Shenzhen Development Bank of rhizome is cut off, makes it laterally toward girth growth.It ploughs deeply after being completely cured, countless hair roots can be separated from bottom, based on Root absorbs nutrient, and the speed of main root growth is obviously accelerated, and reduces growth year, improves yield, increase benefit.It is completely cured and is also Digging lays the foundation.

Claims (1)

1. a kind of wild genuine Radix Astragali artificial method for planting, selection of land, site preparation, seed selection, seed treatment, Precise sowing, intertillage management, Seed collection is ploughed deeply, is completely cured, harvesting seed, rhizome harvesting, preliminary working;It is characterized by: specific step is as follows:
(1) selection of land, site preparation: soil layer is deep for selection, fertile soil, the sand loam easily drained, the mountainous region of easy mechanization, hilly ground Or level land, 40-50cm is ploughed deeply in spring soil, is applied 1-2 cubic metres of farmyard manures per acre, is added potassium persulfate content per acre 40 kilograms of compound fertilizer is uniformly manured into soil as base fertilizer, and rake polishes whole;
(2) seed selection, seed treatment: selection is carried out screening and is dried in the air with Lu Yashan, the natural cultivation astragalus mongolicus seed on Hengshan Mountain mountain range Shine, then mix 10% with the consistent sand grains of astragalus membranaceus seed partial size, uniformly admix in astragalus membranaceus seed, on de- rice machine just mistake one Time, wait sowing;
(3) Precise sowing: more than latter week, soil is steady and sure for site preparation;It is sowed before rainfall, with line-spacing 30cm, mu kind 2.5 Kilogram finished seed, with six row seeders, seed is uniformly sown into ditch, earthing 1cm in ditch, after rainfall by ditch depth 3cm Wait emergence;
(4) intertillage management: when Radix Astragali seedling to 5-8 piece leaf, start first pass and hoe up weeds seedling thinning, seedling thinning is selected fat with spacing in the rows 22-28cm Big healthy and strong seedling is retained;Early spring in next year when seedling is to 10-15cm, hoe up weeds for second time, grows naturally after hoeing up weeds, there is big grass Shi Rengong is pulled out, and in later intertillage management, to prevent and treat based on the zokor of underground, prevention and treatment zokor is filled with water or machine is catched and killed;
(5) seed collection: third year starts to produce seeds, and when 70% or more fruit angle is yellow dry, the inside seed blacks, and uses combine harvester Harvest, falls early stage mellow fruit angle on the ground, then brought back with dust catcher, then threshing, screening, sunning, storage, wait plant Or sale;
(6) it ploughs deeply, be completely cured: growing to the 4th year early spring naturally, after soil thaws, plough deeply 80-100cm, Radix Astragali rhizome is cut off, And 40 kilograms of compound fertilizers per acre are applied, ground is flattened;
(7) harvesting seed: Radix Astragali, which is grown to the 5th year, to be started to get bumper crops, and is collected seed and is manually picked or recycled with high-intensitive dust catcher;
(8) rhizome harvests: after the 5th year collects seed, with cooling off for weather, Radix Astragali, which enters, withers, and starts to excavate after White Dew, with list Ploughshare helps plough to plough deeply deeply, then Radix Astragali rhizome is picked, it is whole it is suitable, bundled, transport processing base to, to preliminary working;Not such as the 5th autumn and winter The person of having risen can leave the digging of the 6th early spring;If the 6th year early spring has not played person, it can also leave and beat kind, continue to excavate after White Dew;
(9) preliminary working: ground stalk is removed;Then side shoot to be cut and is separated, mobile jib and side shoot form single branch regardless of length, When shining half-dried, when stilbene body softness, is smoothed out with the fingers straight, bundle handle;Thick diameter in 8-12cm, straight cone is formed, then It puts up big row, dry, it is for sale to separate grade.
CN201811112941.9A 2018-09-25 2018-09-25 A kind of wild genuine Radix Astragali artificial method for planting Pending CN109156297A (en)

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112088741A (en) * 2020-08-31 2020-12-18 内蒙古绿药园中药材有限公司 Astragalus cultivation mode and astragalus branch and leaf trimmer thereof
CN112514753A (en) * 2020-12-30 2021-03-19 内蒙古蒙草生态环境(集团)股份有限公司 Field management method for prolonging seed collection period of Chinese chives

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CN103718789A (en) * 2013-07-25 2014-04-16 王运海 Radix astragali planting method
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CN108552000A (en) * 2018-01-29 2018-09-21 彭阳县利康药业有限公司 Astragalus cultivation processing method

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CN103718789A (en) * 2013-07-25 2014-04-16 王运海 Radix astragali planting method
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CN106538101A (en) * 2016-09-26 2017-03-29 袁玥 A kind of high-quality implantation methods of the Radix Astragali
CN106717883A (en) * 2016-12-08 2017-05-31 应剑军 A kind of method that Chinese medicine is planted in salt-soda soil
CN108552000A (en) * 2018-01-29 2018-09-21 彭阳县利康药业有限公司 Astragalus cultivation processing method

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112088741A (en) * 2020-08-31 2020-12-18 内蒙古绿药园中药材有限公司 Astragalus cultivation mode and astragalus branch and leaf trimmer thereof
CN112514753A (en) * 2020-12-30 2021-03-19 内蒙古蒙草生态环境(集团)股份有限公司 Field management method for prolonging seed collection period of Chinese chives

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