CN112088741A

CN112088741A - Astragalus cultivation mode and astragalus branch and leaf trimmer thereof

Info

Publication number: CN112088741A
Application number: CN202010898620.7A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 寇文辉
Original assignee: Inner Mongolia Lvyaoyuan Traditional Chinese Medicine Co ltd
Current assignee: Inner Mongolia Lvyaoyuan Traditional Chinese Medicine Co ltd
Priority date: 2020-08-31
Filing date: 2020-08-31
Publication date: 2020-12-18

Abstract

The invention relates to a medicinal material planting mode and a special machine tool, namely an astragalus cultivation mode and a branch and leaf trimmer thereof, wherein the mode is as follows: in the middle stage of astragalus growth, branches and leaves of astragalus are trimmed, so that the branches and leaves of astragalus in adjacent rows or ridges are prevented from being entangled with each other. The trimmer is provided with a vertical cutting knife (4) which can be connected with the walking machine (1) and can trim the outer side of the astragalus root in the process of advancing along with the walking machine. The beneficial effects are that: pruning through the both sides to the astragalus plant makes the plant of two adjacent lines keep the distance, avoids the branch and leaf to hang the knot, improves the ventilation and light-transmitting condition, restraines the plant and grows vain, promotes the growth of root system, improves the output and the quality of astragalus medicinal material by a wide margin.

Description

Astragalus cultivation mode and astragalus branch and leaf trimmer thereof

Technical Field

The invention relates to a medicinal material planting mode and a special machine thereof, in particular to an astragalus cultivation mode and an astragalus branch and leaf trimmer thereof.

Background

The astragalus is a common traditional Chinese medicine, and is endowed with the theory of 'nine ingredients and astragalus' due to wide application and remarkable curative effect. In addition, the health-care tea has the effects of nourishing and building body, is known as a product with homology of medicine and food, and has very vigorous market demand. In the past, astragalus membranaceus is wild, and has a shortage of resources and is in short supply. In recent years, astragalus membranaceus has been grown everywhere in order to meet market demand. The astragalus membranaceus is short and suitable for close planting, the row spacing is 250-300 mm mostly, and the plant spacing is about 100mm mostly. In the middle stage of growth, the branches and leaves of the plants among rows or ridges are hung together, so that the plants are tight and cannot be ventilated, the illumination is hindered, and the growth of root systems is inhibited. The root system is just the part used as the medicine, and the weak root system can reduce the income of planting the astragalus.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide an astragalus cultivation mode and a special branch and leaf trimmer thereof, which can prevent two adjacent rows of astragalus plants from being mutually connected, enhance the ventilation and light transmission performance and increase the root yield and quality.

The above purpose is realized by the following technical scheme: a cultivation mode of astragalus membranaceus is characterized in that: during the growth process of the astragalus membranaceus, branches and leaves outside the astragalus membranaceus are trimmed, and the branches and leaves of the astragalus membranaceus in adjacent rows or ridges are prevented from being entangled with each other.

The astragalus membranaceus plants grow on ridge platforms with trapezoidal cross sections, the width of the lower bottom of the ridge platforms ranges from 640 mm to 660mm, the height of the ridge platforms ranges from 180 mm to 200mm, the width of the upper bottom of the ridge platforms ranges from 200mm to 400mm, two rows of plants are arranged on each ridge platform, the row spacing of the two rows of plants ranges from 170 mm to 190mm, the row spacing of the plants in each row ranges from 50mm to 70mm, and the gap between two adjacent ridges of the trimmed astragalus membranaceus plants is more.

The pruned branches and leaves of Astragalus membranaceus are used as feed.

The utility model provides a astragalus branches and leaves clipping machine which characterized in that: the trimmer is provided with a vertical cutting knife which can be connected with the walking machine and can trim the outer side of the astragalus root in the process of advancing along with the walking machine.

The walking machine is a cultivator capable of being connected with a tractor in a hanging mode, a transmission shaft is transversely arranged on the back of a frame of the cultivator, the vertical cutters are arranged on the transmission shaft, and two vertical cutters are arranged at the positions between rows or between ridges of each astragalus membranaceus.

The vertical cutting knife is disc-shaped, and a plurality of sawteeth are arranged around the vertical cutting knife.

A grass collecting box is arranged below the vertical cutter.

The bottom surface of the grass collecting box is in a long strip shape, and a land wheel is arranged below the grass collecting box.

The machine frame is provided with a cutter bar parallel to the transmission shaft, the cutter bar is provided with a flat cutter opposite to the top of the astragalus plant, and a crank connecting rod structure capable of driving the cutter bar to reciprocate and translate is arranged between the transmission shaft and the cutter bar.

The flat cutter is in a strip shape, and a plurality of sawteeth are arranged on the front side of the flat cutter.

The invention has the beneficial effects that: through pruning the both sides of the astragalus root plant, the plant of two adjacent lines or two ridges keeps the distance, avoids the branch and leaf to hang the knot, improves the ventilation and light transmission condition, inhibits the plant from growing excessively, promotes the growth of root system, improves the output and the quality of astragalus root medicinal material by a wide margin.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a front view of the first embodiment;

FIG. 2 is a top view of the first embodiment;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing the operation state of the first embodiment;

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram illustrating the operation effect of the first embodiment;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view showing another operational effect of the first embodiment;

FIG. 6 is a front view of the second embodiment;

FIG. 7 is a top view of the second embodiment;

FIG. 8 is a front view of the third embodiment;

fig. 9 is a top view of the third embodiment.

It can be seen in the figure that: the device comprises a walking machine 1, a rack 2, a transmission shaft 3, a vertical cutter 4, a transmission case 5, an input shaft 6, a grass collecting case 7, a land wheel 8, a cutter bar 9, a flat cutter 10 and a crank connecting rod structure 11.

Detailed Description

The first embodiment: introduces an astragalus planting mode and an astragalus branch and leaf trimmer capable of completing the mode.

The astragalus planting mode is mainly used for pruning branches and leaves between astragalus rows or between ridges so as to avoid the mutual entanglement of the branches and leaves of the astragalus between adjacent rows or between ridges.

At present, the flourishing branches and leaves of astragalus are always regarded as the megahead of high yield and harvest. However, in practice it is gradually recognised that: because luxuriant branches and leaves are wound together, the branches and leaves are tight and windproof, sunlight is shielded, the leaf area of photosynthesis is greatly reduced, the growth of root systems is also inhibited, the yield of medicinal materials is low, and the quality is poor. The outer sides of the astragalus membranaceus plants are trimmed, so that the plants in two adjacent rows keep a gap, the adhesion of branches and leaves can be avoided, the ventilation and light transmission conditions are improved, the growth of root systems is facilitated, and the yield and the quality of astragalus membranaceus medicinal materials can be greatly improved.

Fig. 4 illustrates the planting mode of one row per ridge: generally speaking, the width of the astragalus root ridge in each ridge row is 250-300 mm, and the plant spacing is 80-100 mm. Because the row spacing is small, a manual machine or a microminiature power machine is needed for ridging and trimming. Although the effect of increasing the yield is also obvious, the operation cost is higher.

Fig. 5 illustrates a planting pattern of two rows per ridge: the astragalus membranaceus plants grow on the ridge platforms, the cross sections of the ridge platforms are trapezoidal, the width of the lower bottom of the ridge platforms is 640-660 mm, the height of the ridge platforms is 180-200 mm, the width of the upper bottom of the ridge platforms is 200-400 mm, two rows of plants are arranged on the ridges, the row spacing of the two rows of plants is 170-190 mm, the row spacing of the plants is 50-70 mm, the gap between two ridges of the astragalus membranaceus plants after trimming reaches more than 50mm, and therefore hanging of branches and leaves between ridges can be avoided.

Because the distance between two rows of one ridge is large, the transplanter is suitable for the running operation of machines and tools, ridge platforms with trapezoidal cross sections can be formed by the special transplanter, and the shape of the tall-platform large ridge is further maintained by the cultivator.

Experiments prove that the high-platform large ridges can prevent seedlings from being soaked in water and rotten in the early growth stage of astragalus membranaceus, increase the light receiving area and improve the ground temperature. The method can prevent accumulated water from eroding the root system in the middle and later periods, prevent root rot, improve the growth condition of the root because the furrows are also ventilation channels at the bottom of the plant, and is a planting mode with great popularization value. On the basis, by pruning branches and leaves among ridges of the astragalus, the ventilation and light transmission conditions are improved, the leaf area of photosynthesis is increased, and the effect is more remarkable. According to statistics: compared with the original planting mode, the root rot is reduced by 80-90%, the astragaloside IV component is increased by 15-18% through testing and detection, the yield is increased by about 20%, the first-grade product rate is increased by about 46%, and the method is valued and praised by domestic colleagues.

For small-scale astragalus cultivation, manual instruments can be used for plant pruning. For large-area planting, the efficiency of manual operation is low, and the cost is high. Therefore, a branch and leaf pruning machine capable of pruning the astragalus membranaceus plant needs to be adopted. The pruning machine is a branch and leaf pruning machine which can be connected with a walking machine 1 and prunes the outer side of the astragalus root in the advancing process along with the walking machine.

The walking machine can be various, and the walking machine can be used for dragging the branch and leaf trimmer to move. The embodiment recommends an astragalus root cultivator which can be towed by a tractor. The cultivation of astragalus root is long, and needs to be started from the seedling stage and continued to the middle stage. The operation items are many, including weeding, fertilizing, ridging and other operations. This time is the most vigorous growth stage of Astragalus membranaceus, and is also the most easily growing and hanging stage of Astragalus membranaceus branches and leaves. The branch and leaf trimmer is carried on the cultivator, and can serve multiple purposes.

As shown in fig. 1 and 2: the walking machine adopts a cultivator, and the frame 2 is the traction frame of the cultivator. For the cultivator with larger operation width, the traction frame can adopt a double-beam structure. For the cultivator with smaller operation width, a cross beam can be adopted. The traction frame of the cultivator is provided with a transmission case 5, an input shaft 6 of the transmission case can be connected with a power output shaft of the tractor, and the output end of the transmission case drives a transmission shaft 3 through a transmission part. The transmission component can be a gear, a chain or other transmission modes. The transmission shaft is transversely mounted on the traction frame, namely is mounted in parallel with a cross beam of the traction frame, and can also be perpendicular to the advancing direction of the machine tool. The transmission shaft is provided with a plurality of pairs of vertical cutters 4. Namely, two vertical cutters are arranged between every two ridges. For one row of plants planted in one ridge, a pair of vertical cutters is arranged between the two rows. For a planting mode of one ridge and two rows, a pair of vertical cutters is arranged between two ridges. The vertical cutting knife is preferably in a disc shape, and a plurality of saw teeth are arranged on the periphery of the vertical cutting knife. The cutting tool can be replaced by a commercially available circular saw without being manufactured separately. The mounting position of the vertical cutter can be adjusted according to the requirement.

When in work, as shown in figure 3, the cultivator is hung at the back of the tractor, and a plurality of furrowing ploughshares are arranged in front of the traction frame. The upper part of the traction frame is also provided with a fertilizer box, and the lower end of a fertilizer conveying pipe of the fertilizer box is arranged at the rear side of the plough share. Can carry out fertilization operation while ditching. The traction frame can also be provided with a depth limiting wheel to support the weight of the cultivator and adjust the tilling depth of the plough share. A transmission shaft is arranged behind the traction frame, and a plurality of pairs of vertical cutters are arranged on the transmission shaft. When the tractor runs, the power of the tractor drives the transmission shaft and the vertical cutter to rotate at a high speed, so that the branches and leaves of the astragalus membranaceus on two sides can be trimmed, and the state shown in fig. 4 or 5 is formed.

The second embodiment: as shown in fig. 6 and 7, a grass collecting box 7 is arranged below the vertical cutter. The bottom surface of the grass collecting box is in a long strip shape, the front end of the grass collecting box is upwarped, walking is facilitated, and the grass collecting box can be directly dragged on the ground. In order to prevent the bottom of the tank from wearing, land wheels 8 may be installed. In order to increase the capacity, the rear-section box body of the grass collecting box can be heightened. In order to prevent the trimmed branches and leaves from flying out, the rear part of the grass collecting box is preferably provided with an upper cover. When the grass collecting box works, the pruned branches and leaves fall into the grass collecting box, and collection is facilitated. The collected branches and leaves can be used as feed. Two years of experiments prove that the astragalus branches and leaves used as the feed have good effects when being used for feeding poultry and livestock such as chicken, duck, goose, pig, cattle and sheep. Wherein, the effect of feeding sheep is particularly remarkable. The mutton yield is increased by 12-15% in a same ratio, the mutton grade is obviously improved, and the mutton has the functional components of the astragalus.

Third embodiment: improved on the basis of the previous embodiment. As shown in fig. 8 and 9, a cutter bar 10 parallel to the transmission shaft is arranged on the machine frame, and a flat cutter is arranged on the cutter bar opposite to the top of the astragalus membranaceus plant. The shape of the flat cutter may be various, and the flat cutter is illustrated as a long bar shape, and the front side thereof is provided with a plurality of saw teeth. After the transmission direction of one end of the transmission shaft is changed through the bevel gear, the crank link mechanism 11 drives the cutter bar and the flat cutter 9 to make reciprocating translation, and then the top of the astragalus membranaceus can be trimmed.

Experiments prove that the top of the astragalus is trimmed, so that the plant is kept at about 500mm, the overgrowth of branches and leaves of the astragalus can be effectively inhibited, and the growth of root systems is facilitated. Particularly, the combination of the cutting knife and the vertical cutting knife can simultaneously trim the outer side and the top of the astragalus membranaceus plant, and the effects of increasing yield and improving quality are more remarkable.

Claims

1. A cultivation mode of astragalus membranaceus is characterized in that: during the growth process of the astragalus membranaceus, branches and leaves outside the astragalus membranaceus are trimmed, and the branches and leaves of the astragalus membranaceus in adjacent rows or ridges are prevented from being entangled with each other.

2. The astragalus cultivation mode of claim 1, wherein: the astragalus membranaceus plants grow on ridge platforms with trapezoidal cross sections, the width of the lower bottom of the ridge platforms ranges from 640 mm to 660mm, the height of the ridge platforms ranges from 180 mm to 200mm, the width of the upper bottom of the ridge platforms ranges from 200mm to 400mm, two rows of plants are arranged on each ridge platform, the row spacing of the two rows of plants ranges from 170 mm to 190mm, the row spacing of the plants in each row ranges from 50mm to 70mm, and the gap between two adjacent ridges of the trimmed astragalus membranaceus plants is more.

3. The astragalus cultivation mode as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein: the pruned branches and leaves of Astragalus membranaceus are used as feed.

4. The utility model provides an astragalus branch and leaf clipping machine which characterized in that: the trimmer is provided with a vertical cutting knife (4) which can be connected with the walking machine (1) and can trim the outer side of the astragalus root in the process of advancing along with the walking machine.

5. The astragalus branch and leaf trimmer of claim 4, wherein: the walking machine (1) is a cultivator capable of being connected with a tractor in a hanging mode, a transmission shaft (3) is transversely installed on the rear face of a frame (2) of the cultivator, the vertical cutters (4) are installed on the transmission shaft (3), and two vertical cutters (4) are installed at the positions between rows or between ridges of each astragalus relatively.

6. The astragalus membranaceus branch and leaf trimmer of claim 5, wherein: the vertical cutting knife (4) is disc-shaped, and a plurality of sawteeth are arranged around the vertical cutting knife.

7. The astragalus branch and leaf trimmer of claim 4, wherein: a grass collecting box (7) is arranged below the vertical cutter (4).

8. The astragalus branch and leaf trimmer of claim 7, wherein: the bottom surface of the grass collecting box (7) is strip-shaped, and a land wheel (8) is arranged below the grass collecting box.

9. The astragalus membranaceus branch and leaf trimmer of claim 5, wherein: the machine is characterized in that a cutter bar (10) parallel to the transmission shaft (3) is arranged on the machine frame (2), a flat cutter (9) is arranged on the cutter bar opposite to the top of the astragalus plant, and a crank connecting rod structure (11) capable of driving the cutter bar to reciprocate and translate is arranged between the transmission shaft (3) and the cutter bar (10).

10. The astragalus membranaceus branch and leaf trimmer of claim 9, wherein: the flat cutting knife (9) is in a strip shape, and a plurality of sawteeth are arranged on the front side of the flat cutting knife.