Method live body arbor or stub plantation glossy ganoderma
Technical field
The present invention relates to lucidum strain with preciousness and be implanted in method on live body arbor and/or the stub.
Background technology
Glossy ganoderma has very high medical value, is likened to celestial grass by people in the legend, is signifying lucky, rich and honour and good health and a long life.Glossy ganoderma is a kind of saprophytic fungus in fact, and Wild ganoderma is on long broad-leaved tree in the woods rotten the stub butt and tree root, and is very rare.And China's research Ganoderma Lucidum is historical existing decades, to the growth characteristics of Ganoderma Lucidum, manually cultivate bacterial classification and artificial cultivation method successful research arranged: Ganoderma Lucidum and other fungi maximums different are that its mycelia and 15 ℃-35 ℃ of being more or less the same of the optimum temperature of sporophore growth can both grow, and about 25 ℃ of optimum temperatures, the suitableeest air humidity is about 90%, Mycelium Growth of Ganoderma lucidum needs unglazed condition, sporophore growth then needs diffused light, glossy ganoderma is very responsive to CO2, must often ventilate otherwise the difficult cap that forms.
Glossy ganoderma and gives birth on live body arbor or stub, and this is very rare and rare in natural world, just is being that thing which is rare is dear.Ganoderma Lucidum is divided into that bottle is planted and Duan Mu buries two kinds of methods of soil cultivation, and the bacterial classification of manually cultivating glossy ganoderma also is divided into Saw-dust and a section wood fungus kind, and bacterium culture medium will keep slant acidity, and composts or fertilisers of cultivating PH is that 5-6.5 is advisable.
Existing ganoderma lucidum cultivation method, for example Chinese invention patent 85100417 discloses a kind of greenhouse cultivation of ganoderma lucidum, and control temperature, humidity, illumination, ventilation that it is artificial reach the needed growing environment of glossy ganoderma, can carry out long-term batch production production.It is 25 ℃ to 28 ℃ that cultivation of glossy ganoderma is sent out the bacterium temperature usually, goes out flower bud to the ripe natural scattering light that adopts of fruit body, it is characterized in that the bacteria developing period temperature is low temperature, goes out flower bud to fruit body maturation and adopts the people according to scattered light.
Chinese invention patent 200910041707.6 discloses a kind of method for cultivating lucid ganoderma, contains eucalyptus in its planting material.Wherein, the bark or tree bar or the bark tree bar mixture that more preferably contain eucalyptus.It has selected those skilled in the art to think the eucalyptus that is unsuitable for cultivation of glossy ganoderma as planting material in method for cultivating lucid ganoderma always, has obtained faster ganoderma lucidum fruitbody of growth rate, and wherein contained effective component of glossy ganoderma content approaches in the fruit body.In addition, because Eucalyptus is fast, rotation is short, timber yield is high, so its price is lower than other broadleaf tree, and owing to need not add other compositions such as cotton seed hulls, bagasse, so this method for cultivating lucid ganoderma cost is cheaper comparatively speaking.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to propose a kind of diverse with prior art, glossy ganoderma the method for giving birth on live body arbor or stub.
Realize above-mentioned purpose, the present invention includes following step:
Step 1: the moulding live body trees of the large tree of arbor such as the seeds that adopt to be fit to such as ginkgo, osmanthus fragrans, strawberry tree, maple, tangerine tree, teak, peach or upper basin, or stub, adopt existing tree-like or carry out artificial appearance;
Step 2: the branch of preparing inoculation is partly carried out preliminary treatment: the first, the thick branch of preparing to inoculate the creature sesame separated to keep corresponding length more than the fork place sawed-off; The second, with processings of hanging of near one circle of the band girdle sawed-off branch crotch or strand, and remove band girdle or strand hang place above branch and tiny branches and leaves, make disconnected of whole preparation appearance to be desiccation; Band girdle or strand are hung and are sentenced down the new branches and leaves that grow and then can give reservation;
Step 3: inoculation is processed, and in the time that trees begin to grow, by the figure that designs in advance, disconnected branch boring or ditch in the wish inoculation are inoculated into glossy ganoderma tree fungus or Saw-dust in boring or the ditch again;
Step 4: postvaccinal management: first, after the inoculation immediately with columnar half ventilative thin-film covering at disconnected scion grafting kind place, first the film cylinder lower end is tightened, then fill up moistening culture matrix, again the reel like film upper end is tightened, film soil ball is fixed, fixed again at an upper portion thereof a protection canopy or cover after the inoculation;
Step 5: bacterial classification is grown in the disconnected branch xylem after inoculating about one month, inoculation place film is scratched gradually about 1-2 month the time afterwards in inoculation, remove gradually the culture matrix of inoculation place, allow and grow fruit body above it, under suitable temperature, moistening air and diffused light, in 3 to 6 months time, just can grow glossy ganoderma according to design.
According to the further optimization to technique scheme, in the step 2, the thick branch of preparing to inoculate the creature sesame separated keep corresponding length more than the fork place for more than at least 10 centimetres;
Be the fast dehydration of disconnected branch, the exsiccation that makes inoculation in the step 2, except adopting hang method and removing the methods such as all old branches and leaves on the disconnected branch of band girdle or strand, also should constantly in time erase the tender shoots that newly grows on the disconnected branch, spray, tender leaf in order to avoid consume nitrogen and a carbon nutrition in the disconnected branch, guarantee the nutrition supply of Ganoderma Lucidum growth.
After the glossy ganoderma cap grew in the step 3, answering the adjusting ambient air themperature was 20 ~ 32 ℃, and air humidity is 80 ~ 90%, and by the protection canopy or cover and cover sunshade net and reach the diffused light effect, impelled the glossy ganoderma cap to grow up to Expected Results.
The time that trees begin to grow in the step 3 is to begin when Daily minimum temperature is greater than 15 ℃ in 1 year.
Except keeping the suitable temperature of inoculation position mycelia and sporophore growth, humidity, ventilation, shading, preventing rain wash etc. condition, also should prevent the harm of other fungi, damage by disease and insect and birds and beasts etc. after inoculating in the step 4.
Culture matrix described in the step 4 is the mixture of humus soil, moss and wood chip.
Suitable temperature is 20 ~ 32 ℃ described in the step 5.Technique effect of the present invention is:
The present invention adopts the bottle that is different from present Ganoderma Lucidum to plant and segment wood cultivated mode, but adopt on the stub and bonsai of live body, and can be according to our the pre-designed precious lucidum strain of pattern inoculation, form the effect of Zhu Lianhebi, compare with existing cultivating ganoderma method, fully different, have significant economic and social benefit.
Embodiment
The present invention the method for giving birth on live body arbor or stub with glossy ganoderma, comprises following step:
Step 1: adopt the large tree of arbor of suitable seeds such as ginkgo, osmanthus fragrans, strawberry tree, maple etc. or the moulding live body trees of upper basin, or stub, employing has tree-like or carries out artificial appearance.
Step 2: the branch of preparing inoculation is partly carried out preliminary treatment: the first, the thick branch of preparing to inoculate the creature sesame separated to keep corresponding length (more than at least 10 centimetres) more than the fork place sawed-off; The second, with processings of hanging of near one circle of the band girdle sawed-off branch crotch or strand, and remove band girdle or strand hang place above branch and tiny branches and leaves, make disconnected of whole preparation appearance to be desiccation; Band girdle or strand are hung and are sentenced down the new branches and leaves that grow and then can give reservation.For making the fast dehydration of disconnected branch, the exsiccation of inoculation, except adopting hang method and removing the methods such as all old branches and leaves on the disconnected branch of band girdle or strand, also should constantly in time erase the tender shoots that newly grows on the disconnected branch, spray, tender leaf in order to avoid consume nitrogen and a carbon nutrition in the disconnected branch, guarantee the nutrition supply of Ganoderma Lucidum growth.
Step 3: inoculation is processed, and in the time (Daily minimum temperature is greater than 15 ℃ in 1 year) that trees begin to grow, by the figure that designs in advance, disconnected branch boring or ditch in the wish inoculation are inoculated into glossy ganoderma tree fungus or Saw-dust in boring or the ditch again.After the glossy ganoderma cap grew, answering the adjusting ambient air themperature was 20 ~ 32 ℃, and air humidity is 80 ~ 90%, and by the protection canopy or cover and cover sunshade net and reach the diffused light effect, impelled the glossy ganoderma cap to grow up to Expected Results.
Step 4: postvaccinal management: first; after the inoculation immediately with columnar half ventilative thin-film covering at disconnected scion grafting kind place; first the film cylinder lower end is tightened; then fill up moistening culture matrix (for example humus soil+moss+wood chip mixture); again the reel like film upper end is tightened; film soil ball is fixed, fixed again at an upper portion thereof a protection canopy or cover after the inoculation.Except keeping inoculation position mycelia and the only temperature of sporophore growth, humidity, ventilation, shading, preventing rain wash etc. condition, also should prevent the harm of other fungi, damage by disease and insect and birds and beasts etc. after the inoculation.Culture matrix described in the step 4 is the mixture of humus soil, moss and wood chip.
Step 5: bacterial classification is grown in the disconnected branch xylem after inoculating about one month, inoculation place film is scratched gradually about 1-2 month the time afterwards in inoculation, remove gradually the culture matrix of inoculation place, allow and grow fruit body above it, under suitable temperature (20 ~ 32 ℃), moistening air (humidity is 80 ~ 90%) and diffused light, in 3 to 6 months time, just can grow glossy ganoderma according to design.
Aspect the selection of seeds, the inventor finds all can adopt such as ginkgo, osmanthus fragrans, strawberry tree, maple, tangerine tree, teak, peach etc. except pine, China fir, cypress, camphor tree are not suitable for through years of researches, experiment.