CN103004539B - Preparation method of tobacco stem mulching film for cultivating cured tobacco - Google Patents
Preparation method of tobacco stem mulching film for cultivating cured tobacco Download PDFInfo
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- CN103004539B CN103004539B CN2012105622609A CN201210562260A CN103004539B CN 103004539 B CN103004539 B CN 103004539B CN 2012105622609 A CN2012105622609 A CN 2012105622609A CN 201210562260 A CN201210562260 A CN 201210562260A CN 103004539 B CN103004539 B CN 103004539B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a preparation method of a tobacco stem mulching film for cultivating cured tobacco, which relates to the technical field of agricultural production materials. The technical process of the preparation method comprises: (1) pretreating; (2) disinfecting; (3) pulping; (4) preparing a film; (5) drying; and (6) cutting. The method has the characteristics of simple and practicable production process, no pollution in a production process, low water consumption in a preparation process, and the like; and the mulching film prepared by applying the method has the same heat preserving and water holding functions as a plastic mulching film, can be degraded automatically in the same season, has the effects of improving the soil structure, replenishing soil trace elements and preventing and controlling underground pests and crop smothering, and is suitable for covered cultivation of cured tobacco and other crops.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the capital goods in the agricultural sector technical field, particularly the preparation method of offal mulch film for a kind of flue-cured tobacco cultivation.
Background technology
Plastic mulching is the technology that tobacco cultivation popularization amount is larger, the application film-mulching technique, and insulation effectively, moisturizing and fertilizer conservation, and be conducive to reduce the generation of disease pest and weed, improve output and the quality of tobacco leaf.But the mulch film of application is mostly polyethylene ground film at present, this membrane stability is high, be difficult for degraded, cause serious environment and soil white pollution, cause the hardening soil, penetrating ability, soil fertility descends, and overlay film and to take off the required manpower of film more, simultaneously, the abuse of weed killer herbicide, agrochemical, more aggravate the deterioration of soil, directly had influence on people's healthy and crop growthing development and output.In recent years, some mulch films of being made by axis, stalk bar have appearred, as Chinese patent (number of patent application is 201010213944.9) " a kind of preparation method of novel roll-in method multifunction organic environmental-protection thin slice mulch film ", stem, the stalk of crops used in this invention, broken end, leaves etc. are raw material, by roll-in method technique, make thin slice multifunction organic environmental-protection paper mulch film; Process can be carried out effectively controlled according to the desired mechanical strength of mulch film, printing opacity, ventilative, insulation, soil moisture conservation or other special efficacies (as added disinfection sanitizer, extra-nutrition element, release and release control fertilizer etc.); Concrete processing technology can be selected according to actual conditions; The characteristics such as the slice method paper mulch film advantage that the present invention makes is its economic environmental protection characteristic, and its raw material sources are abundant, cheapness, biodegradability, improvement soil, time and labour saving, controllability are strong.But the method is the principle that adopts papermaking, at a large amount of water of making beating work process need.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of preparation method of mulch film, its production technology is simple, and production process is pollution-free, and water requirement is less in preparation process; So application the method mulch film and the plastic film that prepare have insulation, water retention equally, but and this season degrade voluntarily, there is improvement soil structure, supplementary soil trace element and prevent and treat the effect of soil insect and crop smothering.
For achieving the above object, the technical solution used in the present invention is the preparation method of a kind of flue-cured tobacco cultivation of invention with the offal mulch film, and its technical process is as follows:
1., pretreatment: offal through hammering into shape, rub, rub with the hands, is processed into to filament diameter and is the chip raw material that 0.2-0.3mm, soft velvet-like raw material and particle diameter are 0.2-0.3mm, standby;
2., sterilization:
A, standby is placed in to sterilizing room by velvet-like raw material, makes it be loose condition (of surface) then, adopt atmospheric steam to carry out disinfection, time 20-30min, become the velvet-like material of sterilization, standby;
B, standby chip raw material is divided in sterilizing room, adopted atmospheric steam to carry out disinfection, time 20-30min, then, by the upset of chip raw material, adopt atmospheric steam to carry out disinfection again, and time 20-30min becomes sterilization chip material, standby;
3., slurrying: according to the velvet-like material of sterilization: sterilization chip material: biological binding agent is 1: the ratio of 3-6: 0.2-0.4, the velvet-like material of sterilize, sterilization chip material and the mixing of biological binding agent, and stir into thick slurry, standby;
4., masking: by thick slurry, by rubbing, to be pressed into thickness be that 0.4-0.6mm, width are the offal wet film that 600-1000mm, water content are 40-60%, standby;
5., dry: the offal wet film is dried, makes its water content be down to 5-7%, become the offal dry film, standby;
6., cut: by the trimming of offal dry film, rolling or bundling, the offal mulch film.
5. after the step baking operation, before 6. step cuts operation, also be provided with the moisture regain operation, that is: water is carried out to the normal temperature atomization, the indoor water-vapo(u)r saturation state that is that makes to get damp again, absorb moisture regain, and the water content of offal dry film is gone up to 18-20%.
5. after the step baking operation, before 6. step cuts operation, also be provided with the moisture regain operation, that is: a kind of in water-soluble micro-fertilizer, weed killer herbicide, insecticide or two kinds or three kinds are dissolved in the water, then, carry out the normal temperature atomization, the indoor water-vapo(u)r saturation state that is that makes to get damp again, absorb moisture regain, absorb moisture regain, the water content of offal dry film is gone up to 18-20%.
Described biological binding agent is the paste that corn starch or starch from sweet potato are made, its preparation method is as follows: extracting corn starch or starch from sweet potato, adopt heating method, ratio according to corn starch or starch from sweet potato and water is 10-15: 80-90, corn starch or starch from sweet potato are added to the water, stir, then heat while stirring, during to 90 ℃, continue 8-12min and get final product.
The preparation method of offal mulch film for flue-cured tobacco cultivation of the present invention, utilize the waste tobacco stem after the tobacco leaf rebaking factory beating and double roasting, and the general length of this offal is at 2-5cm, and its fiber content is 37-40%, and himself fiber can guarantee tensile strength and the burst after film forming, offal through fully beating and rub, the physical action such as stranding, make wherein contained fiber become the velvet-like of a sample, wherein contained non-fibrous material becomes the powdery chip, then, it is carried out to the normal temperature steam sterilization, it is fully felt like jelly, be convenient to roll-in, powdery chip wherein plays a part fill material, simultaneously, in disinfecting process, that it can be carried kills as viruses such as mosaic disease, prevents propagation and the generation of disease, the biological binding agent (as corn starch or starch from sweet potato paste) added can meet offal ground film strength needs, the too high offal ground film density that causes of unlikely its intensity is excessive, quality is really up to the mark, make its water imbibition variation, the time that degraded needs is longer, have nontoxic, pollution-free, and can be degradable, fully stir and form thick slurry, utilize rolling equipment to be pressed into wet film, the recycling drying plant is dried, make its water content lower, like this, make offal mulch film quality harder crisp, then, utilize atomization plant by water-soluble micro-fertilizer, the solution atomization such as weed killer herbicide or insecticide (can be according to producing actual the preparation, as lacked micro-vega, configure micro-fertilizer, the vega that the cutworm generating capacity is larger, configurable insecticide, the vega that weeds are more, configurable preemergence herbicide), utilize humidity after atomization to the processing that gets damp again of dry offal mulch film, its water content is gone up, like this, make offal mulch film quality soft, be unlikely to again to issue in situation about storing the change of mildewing, adopt cutting equipment that it is cut into to width 800mm left and right, length can be determined according to the needs of bundled weight, also can adopt the mode of rolling, is wound into web-like.
Advantage of the present invention is: production technology is simple, production process is pollution-free, the reluctant discarded object recycling of tobacco leaf rebaking factory, and cost is lower, the environment-friendly products that this mulch film is avirulence, pollution-free, degradable, and there is the gas permeability that plastic film can not have; Use this mulch film, solved following problem: the reluctant discarded object-offal of (1) tobacco leaf rebaking factory is rationally utilized; (2) there is the same insulation of plastic film, water retention; (3) organic matter that this mulch film is degradable, not only play the effect of improvement soil, and increase the consumption that soil fertility reduces fertilizer; (4) thickness of this mulch film is larger, has certain interception, can suppress the growth of weeds; (5) add micro-fertilizer, weed killer herbicide or insecticide etc., can supplement trace element, raising medication effect in soil, reduce the usage amount of agricultural chemicals; The actual conditions that the user can grow according to result or the cigarette strain in former years of the overall survey of soil are determined the nutritional deficiency situation of soil, if magnesium deficiency, when the offal mulch film is produced, adds Adlerika, carry out the atomization moisture regain; If lack molybdenum,, when the offal mulch film is produced, add ammonium molybdate solution, carry out the atomization moisture regain; If lack zinc,, when the offal mulch film is produced, add solution of zinc sulfate, carry out the atomization moisture regain; Etc..If need controlling weeds or soil insect, when producing, adds the offal mulch film water soluble herbicide or insecticide solution, carry out the atomization moisture regain.Therefore, this mulch film application that suits large area to popularize.
Embodiment:
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention is described further.Following explanation is the mode exemplified, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited to this.
Embodiment mono-:
The preparation method of offal mulch film for a kind of flue-cured tobacco cultivation of the present embodiment, the technical process of employing is as follows:
1., pretreatment: the reluctant discarded object of tobacco leaf rebaking factory-offal is collected, then, adopted Feed crusher, through hammering into shape, rub, the physical action such as stranding, fiber process contained in offal is become to sample, the soft velvet-like raw material of silk, and its filament diameter is controlled at 0.2-0.3mm, standby; Simultaneously, contained non-fibrous material is processed into to the chip raw material that particle diameter is 0.2-0.3mm, standby;
2., sterilization:
A, velvet-like raw material is placed in to sterilizing room, notes allowing velvet-like raw material not want the compacting tension, make it be loose condition (of surface), then, inject atmospheric steam, carry out disinfection, time 20-30min, fully feel like jelly it, so that follow-up masking roll-in;
B, the chip raw material is divided in sterilizing room, adopted atmospheric steam to carry out disinfection, time 20-30min, then, by the upset of chip raw material, again adopt atmospheric steam to carry out disinfection, time 20-30min, it is fully felt like jelly, as fill material, become sterilization chip material;
In the steam sterilization process, also can, by entrained killing as viruses such as mosaic disease in velvet-like raw material and chip raw material, prevent propagation and the generation of disease;
3., slurrying:
A, prepare biological binding agent: extracting corn starch or starch from sweet potato are 15: 85 according to the ratio of corn starch or starch from sweet potato and water, and corn starch or starch from sweet potato are added to the water, stir, then heat while stirring, during to 90 ℃, continue 10min biological binding agent;
B, slurrying: according to the velvet-like material of sterilization: sterilization chip material: the ratio that biological binding agent is 1: 5: 0.3, the velvet-like material of sterilize, sterilization chip material and the mixing of biological binding agent, stir, make it be half moisture state, hold agglomeratingly, be not and be scattered or flow-like gets final product, become thick slurry, standby;
4., masking: by thick slurry, by rolling equipment, (two roller width of rolling equipment used are 900-1000mm, pressure is 50-100Mp, be furnished with perching knife, diaphragm pinch spalling from pressure roller can be got off) rub that to be pressed into thickness be that 0.5mm, width are that 800mm, weight per unit area are 200g/m
2the offal wet film that left and right, water content are 50% left and right, standby;
5., dry: the offal wet film is adopted the bakeries such as fire coal or combustion gas dried, during oven dry, the offal wet film is hung in bakery, hang direction parallel with the wind direction in bakery, fast barn dry-bulb temperature is risen to 65 ℃ of left and right, wet-bulb temperature 40-42 ℃, continue 15-20h, make its water content be down to 5-7%, become the offal dry film, standby;
6., cut: the both sides of offal dry film are cut to burr, then are wound into reel, or break into the bundle shape, the offal mulch film.
Embodiment bis-:
The preparation method of offal mulch film for a kind of flue-cured tobacco cultivation of the present embodiment, the technical process and the embodiment mono-that adopt are basic identical, its difference is: 5. after the step baking operation, before 6. step cuts operation, also be provided with the 5. ` step moisture regain operation, that is: the offal dry film is sent in the moisture regain chamber, and by the hydromining atomization plant, carry out the normal temperature atomization, make the chamber of moisture regain be the water-vapo(u)r saturation state, absorb moisture regain, generally, after 30-40min, can make the water content of offal dry film go up to 18-20%.
Embodiment tri-:
The preparation method of offal mulch film for a kind of flue-cured tobacco cultivation of the present embodiment, the technical process and the embodiment mono-that adopt are basic identical, its difference is: 5. after the step baking operation, before 6. step cuts operation, also be provided with the 5. `` step moisture regain operation, that is: by water-soluble micro-fertilizer, weed killer herbicide or insecticide are dissolved in the water (as magnesium is the trace element that tobacco is indispensable, the soil of magnesium deficiency needs fertiliser containing magnesium, can determine according to the magnesium deficiency degree of soil the consumption of magnesium sulfate, again according to offal mulch film 80Kg for mu, the about 8Kg of moisture regain water absorption, then definite magnesium sulfate is dissolved in 8Kg water, adopt again the atomization moisture regain, allow the offal dry film absorb, other trace element or microelement fertilizer, also can adopt this method to add, weed killer herbicide can adopt alachlor or other weeding medicine, insecticide can adopt chlorophos or other deinsectization medicine, all can be configured by the pharmacy application requirement, then carry out the atomization moisture regain, allows the offal dry film absorb.), make moisture regain liquid; Then, the offal dry film is sent in the moisture regain chamber, the liquid that will get damp again adopts atomization plant to carry out the normal temperature atomization, the indoor water-vapo(u)r saturation state that is makes to get damp again, absorb moisture regain, generally, after 30-40min, can make the water content of offal dry film go up to 18-20%.
During use, before cured tobacco seedling is transplanted or after transplanting, carry out the offal plastic mulching.While covering before transplanting, can be directly by the offal plastic mulching on ridge, if meet antecedent soil moisture and wind when large, the suitable flanging of can fetching earth, during wet or rainy day of soil, the offal mulch film is easy to and soil adhesion, when cured tobacco seedling is transplanted, tearing an osculum with transplanting the corresponding position, cave, after cured tobacco seedling is planted, the mouth of tearing is being covered, watered again normal root water, like this, offal mulch film and soil are adjacent to fully, are conducive to water conservation, fertilizer conservation; While covering after transplanting, after cured tobacco seedling is transplanted end, directly by the offal plastic mulching on ridge, if meet antecedent soil moisture and wind when large, the suitable flanging of can fetching earth, during wet or rainy day of soil, the offal mulch film is easy to and soil adhesion, when tobacco seedling growth arrives teleblem, the offal mulch film is torn to an osculum, after drawing out the cigarette seedling, the mouth of tearing is covered and gets final product.
The preparation method of offal mulch film for flue-cured tobacco cultivation of the present invention, prepared offal mulch film, both be suitable for the flue-cured tobacco culture underglass, also is suitable for other crops culture underglasses.
Claims (4)
1. the preparation method of offal mulch film for a flue-cured tobacco cultivation is characterized in that technical process is as follows:
1., pretreatment: offal through hammering into shape, rub, rub with the hands, is processed into to filament diameter and is the chip raw material that 0.2-0.3mm, soft velvet-like raw material and particle diameter are 0.2-0.3mm, standby;
2., sterilization:
A, standby velvet-like raw material is placed in to sterilizing room, makes it be loose condition (of surface), then, adopt atmospheric steam to carry out disinfection, time 20-30min, become the velvet-like material of sterilization, standby;
B, standby chip raw material is divided in sterilizing room, adopted atmospheric steam to carry out disinfection, time 20-30min, then, by the upset of chip raw material, adopt atmospheric steam to carry out disinfection again, and time 20-30min becomes sterilization chip material, standby;
3., slurrying: according to the velvet-like material of sterilization: sterilization chip material: the ratio that biological binding agent is 1:3-6:0.2-0.4, the velvet-like material of sterilize, sterilization chip material and the mixing of biological binding agent, and stir into thick slurry, standby;
4., masking: by thick slurry, by rubbing, to be pressed into thickness be that 0.4-0.6mm, width are the offal wet film that 600-1000mm, water content are 40-60%, standby;
5., dry: the offal wet film is dried, makes its water content be down to 5-7%, become the offal dry film, standby;
6., cut: by the trimming of offal dry film, rolling or bundling, the offal mulch film.
2. the preparation method of offal mulch film for flue-cured tobacco cultivation according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: 5. after the step baking operation, before 6. step cuts operation, also be provided with the moisture regain operation, that is: water is carried out to the normal temperature atomization, the indoor water-vapo(u)r saturation state that is makes to get damp again, absorb moisture regain, the water content of offal dry film is gone up to 18-20%.
3. the preparation method of offal mulch film for flue-cured tobacco cultivation according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: 5. after the step baking operation, before 6. step cuts operation, also be provided with the moisture regain operation, that is: a kind of in water-soluble micro-fertilizer, weed killer herbicide, insecticide or two kinds or three kinds are dissolved in the water, then, carry out the normal temperature atomization, the indoor water-vapo(u)r saturation state that is makes to get damp again, absorb moisture regain, the water content of offal dry film is gone up to 18-20%.
4. according to the preparation method of claim 1 or 2 or 3 described flue-cured tobacco cultivations use offal mulch films, it is characterized in that: described biological binding agent is the paste that corn starch or starch from sweet potato are made.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN2012105622609A CN103004539B (en) | 2012-12-07 | 2012-12-07 | Preparation method of tobacco stem mulching film for cultivating cured tobacco |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN2012105622609A CN103004539B (en) | 2012-12-07 | 2012-12-07 | Preparation method of tobacco stem mulching film for cultivating cured tobacco |
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| CN103004539A CN103004539A (en) | 2013-04-03 |
| CN103004539B true CN103004539B (en) | 2013-12-11 |
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| CN2012105622609A Expired - Fee Related CN103004539B (en) | 2012-12-07 | 2012-12-07 | Preparation method of tobacco stem mulching film for cultivating cured tobacco |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| TWI593347B (en) * | 2014-09-16 | 2017-08-01 | Linberg Health Enterprise Co Ltd | Multi-purpose fertilizer cover film and its manufacturing method |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1130429C (en) * | 2000-09-21 | 2003-12-10 | 徐华 | Degradable plant fibre film for agriculture purpose |
| CN101333774B (en) * | 2007-06-29 | 2011-02-09 | 褚全慧 | Process for making full-degradable paper mulching film for agricultural use from agronomic crop stalks |
| CN201504457U (en) * | 2009-09-27 | 2010-06-16 | 昆明春叶塑料制成品有限公司 | Plastic film for tobacco made of tobacco wastes |
| CN102283058B (en) * | 2010-06-18 | 2013-08-07 | 福建中烟工业有限责任公司 | Novel method for producing multifunctional, environmental-friendly, organic and thin-slice mulching film by using roll-in method |
| CN102668934A (en) * | 2011-03-15 | 2012-09-19 | 漳州仂元工业有限公司 | Organic mulching film manufactured by fibers of plant shell or branch and stem |
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