CN103004539A - Preparation method of tobacco stem mulching film for cultivating cured tobacco - Google Patents
Preparation method of tobacco stem mulching film for cultivating cured tobacco Download PDFInfo
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- CN103004539A CN103004539A CN2012105622609A CN201210562260A CN103004539A CN 103004539 A CN103004539 A CN 103004539A CN 2012105622609 A CN2012105622609 A CN 2012105622609A CN 201210562260 A CN201210562260 A CN 201210562260A CN 103004539 A CN103004539 A CN 103004539A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a preparation method of a tobacco stem mulching film for cultivating cured tobacco, which relates to the technical field of agricultural production materials. The technical process of the preparation method comprises: (1) pretreating; (2) disinfecting; (3) pulping; (4) preparing a film; (5) drying; and (6) cutting. The method has the characteristics of simple and practicable production process, no pollution in a production process, low water consumption in a preparation process, and the like; and the mulching film prepared by applying the method has the same heat preserving and water holding functions as a plastic mulching film, can be degraded automatically in the same season, has the effects of improving the soil structure, replenishing soil trace elements and preventing and controlling underground pests and crop smothering, and is suitable for covered cultivation of cured tobacco and other crops.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the capital goods in the agricultural sector technical field, particularly a kind of flue-cured tobacco cultivation preparation method of offal mulch film.
Background technology
Plastic mulching is a larger technology of tobacco cultivation popularization amount, uses film-mulching technique, effectively insulation, moisturizing and fertilizer conservation, and be conducive to reduce the generation of disease pest and weed, improve output and the quality of tobacco leaf.But the mulch film of using at present mostly is polyethylene ground film, and this membrane stability is high, be difficult for degraded, cause serious environment and soil white pollution, cause the hardening soil, penetrating ability, soil fertility descends, and overlay film and to take off the required manpower of film more, simultaneously, the abuse of weed killer herbicide, agrochemical, more aggravate the deterioration of soil, directly had influence on people's healthy and crop growthing development and output.In recent years, some mulch films of being made by axis, stalk bar have appearred, such as Chinese patent (number of patent application is 201010213944.9) " a kind of preparation method of novel roll-in method multifunction organic environmental-protection thin slice mulch film ", stem, the stalk of crops used in this invention, broken end, leaves etc. are raw material, make thin slice multifunction organic environmental-protection paper mulch film with roll-in method technique; Process can be carried out effectively controlled according to the desired mechanical strength of mulch film, printing opacity, ventilative, insulation, soil moisture conservation or other special efficacies (as adding disinfection sanitizer, extra-nutrition element, release and release control fertilizer etc.); Concrete processing technology can be selected according to actual conditions; The characteristics such as the slice method paper mulch film advantage that the present invention makes is its economic environmental protection characteristic, and its raw material sources are abundant, cheapness, biodegradability, improvement soil, time and labour saving, controllability are strong.But the method is to adopt the principle of papermaking, at a large amount of water of making beating worker's process need.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of preparation method of mulch film, its production technology is simple, and production process is pollution-free, and water requirement is less in preparation process; So mulch film and the plastic film of using the method preparation have insulation, water retention equally, but and this season degrade voluntarily, have improvement soil structure, additional soil trace element and prevent and treat the effect of soil insect and crop smothering.
For achieving the above object, the technical solution used in the present invention is the preparation method that a kind of flue-cured tobacco cultivation of invention is used the offal mulch film, and its technical process is as follows:
1., preliminary treatment: offal through hammering into shape, rub, rub with the hands, is processed into filament diameter and is the chip raw material that 0.2-0.3mm, soft velvet-like raw material and particle diameter are 0.2-0.3mm, for subsequent use;
2., sterilization:
A, for subsequent use placed sterilizing room with velvet-like raw material, make it be loose condition (of surface) then, adopt atmospheric steam to carry out disinfection, time 20-30min becomes the velvet-like material of sterilization, and is for subsequent use;
B, chip raw material for subsequent use is divided in sterilizing room, adopted atmospheric steam to carry out disinfection, then time 20-30min, with the upset of chip raw material, adopts atmospheric steam to carry out disinfection again, and time 20-30min becomes sterilization chip material, and is for subsequent use;
3., slurrying: according to the velvet-like material of sterilization: sterilization chip material: biological binding agent is 1: the ratio of 3-6: 0.2-0.4, the velvet-like material of will sterilize, sterilization chip material and the mixing of biological binding agent, and stir into thick slurry, for subsequent use;
4., masking: to be pressed into thickness be that 0.4-0.6mm, width are that 600-1000mm, water content are the offal wet film of 40-60% by rubbing with thick slurry, for subsequent use;
5., oven dry: with offal wet film oven dry, make its water content be down to 5-7%, become the offal dry film, for subsequent use;
6., cut: with the side cut of offal dry film, rolling or bundling, the offal mulch film.
The 5. behind the step baking operation, the before 6. step cuts operation, also be provided with the moisture regain operation, that is: water is carried out the normal temperature atomizing, make the indoor water-vapo(u)r saturation state that is of moisture regain, absorb moisture regain, the water content of offal dry film is gone up to 18-20%.
5. behind the step baking operation, before 6. step cuts operation, also be provided with the moisture regain operation, that is: a kind of in water-soluble little fertilizer, weed killer herbicide, the insecticide or two kinds or three kinds are dissolved in the water, then, carry out the normal temperature atomizing, make the indoor water-vapo(u)r saturation state that is of moisture regain, absorb moisture regain, absorb moisture regain, the water content of offal dry film is gone up to 18-20%.
Described biological binding agent is the paste that corn starch or starch from sweet potato are made, its preparation method is as follows: extracting corn starch or starch from sweet potato, adopt heating method, ratio according to corn starch or starch from sweet potato and water is 10-15: 80-90, corn starch or starch from sweet potato are added to the water, stir, then heat while stirring, during to 90 ℃, continue 8-12min and get final product.
Flue-cured tobacco cultivation of the present invention is with the preparation method of offal mulch film, utilizes the waste tobacco stem behind the tobacco leaf rebaking factory beating and double roasting, and the general length of this offal is at 2-5cm, and its fiber content is 37-40%, and himself fiber can guarantee tensile strength and the burst after the film forming; Offal through fully beat and rub, the physical action such as stranding, make wherein contained fiber become the velvet-like of a sample, wherein contained non-fibrous material becomes the powdery chip, then, it is carried out the normal temperature steam sterilization, it is fully felt like jelly, be convenient to roll-in, powdery chip wherein then plays a part fill material; Simultaneously, because in the disinfecting process, that it can be carried kills such as viruses such as mosaic disease, prevents propagation and the generation of disease; The biological binding agent (such as corn starch or starch from sweet potato paste) that adds can satisfy offal ground film strength needs, the too high offal ground film density that causes of unlikely its intensity is excessive, quality is really up to the mark, make its water imbibition variation, the time that degraded needs is longer, have nontoxic, pollution-free, and can be degradable, fully stir and form thick slurry; Utilize rolling equipment to be pressed into wet film, the recycling drying plant is dried, make its water content lower, like this, make offal mulch film quality harder crisp, then, utilize atomization plant with water-soluble little fertilizer, the solution atomization such as weed killer herbicide or insecticide (can be according to producing actual the preparation, as lacking the vega of trace element, dispose little fertilizer, the vega that the cutworm generating capacity is larger, configurable insecticide, the vega that weeds are more, configurable preemergence herbicide), utilize humidity after the atomizing to the processing that gets damp again of the offal mulch film of drying, its water content is gone up, like this, make offal mulch film quality soft, be unlikely to again to issue the change of mildewing in situation about storing; Adopt cutting equipment that it is cut into about width 800mm, length can be determined according to the needs of bundled weight, also can adopt the mode of rolling, is wound into web-like.
Advantage of the present invention is: production technology is simple, production process is pollution-free, the reluctant discarded object recycling of tobacco leaf rebaking factory, and cost is lower, this mulch film is the environment-friendly products of avirulence, pollution-free, degradable, and has the gas permeability that plastic film can not have; Use this mulch film, solved following problem: the reluctant discarded object-offal of (1) tobacco leaf rebaking factory is rationally utilized; (2) have the same insulation of plastic film, water retention; (3) this mulch film is the organic matter of degradable, not only plays the effect of improvement soil, and increases the consumption that soil fertility reduces fertilizer; (4) thickness of this mulch film is larger, has certain interception, can suppress the growth of weeds; (5) add little fertilizer, weed killer herbicide or insecticide etc., can replenish trace element, raising medication effect in the soil, reduce the usage amount of agricultural chemicals; The user can determine according to the actual conditions that result or the cigarette strain in former years of the overall survey of soil are grown the nutritional deficiency situation of soil, if magnesium deficiency then when the offal mulch film is produced, adds Adlerika, moisture regain atomizes; If lack molybdenum, then when the offal mulch film is produced, add ammonium molybdate solution, moisture regain atomizes; If lack zinc, then when the offal mulch film is produced, add solution of zinc sulfate, moisture regain atomizes; Etc..If need controlling weeds or soil insect, then when producing, adds the offal mulch film water soluble herbicide or insecticide solution, and moisture regain atomizes.Therefore, this mulch film application that suits large area to popularize.
Embodiment:
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention is described further.Following explanation is the mode that exemplifies, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited to this.
Embodiment one:
A kind of flue-cured tobacco cultivation of present embodiment preparation method of offal mulch film, the technical process of employing is as follows:
1., preliminary treatment: the reluctant discarded object of tobacco leaf rebaking factory-offal is collected, then, adopted Feed crusher, through hammer, rub, the physical action such as stranding, fiber process contained in the offal is become silk velvet-like raw material sample, soft, and its filament diameter is controlled at 0.2-0.3mm, and is for subsequent use; Simultaneously, contained non-fibrous material is processed into the chip raw material that particle diameter is 0.2-0.3mm, for subsequent use;
2., sterilization:
A, velvet-like raw material is placed sterilizing room, note allowing velvet-like raw material not want the compacting tension, make it be loose condition (of surface), then, inject atmospheric steam, carry out disinfection, time 20-30min fully feels like jelly it, so that follow-up masking roll-in;
B, the chip raw material is divided in sterilizing room, adopted atmospheric steam to carry out disinfection, time 20-30min, then, with the upset of chip raw material, again adopt atmospheric steam to carry out disinfection, time 20-30min, it is fully felt like jelly, as fill material, become sterilization chip material;
In the steam sterilization process, also can with entrained killing such as viruses such as mosaic disease in velvet-like raw material and the chip raw material, prevent propagation and the generation of disease;
3., slurrying:
A, prepare biological binding agent: extracting corn starch or starch from sweet potato are 15: 85 according to the ratio of corn starch or starch from sweet potato and water, and corn starch or starch from sweet potato are added to the water, stir, then heat while stirring, during to 90 ℃, continue 10min biological binding agent;
B, slurrying: according to the velvet-like material of sterilization: sterilization chip material: biological binding agent is 1: 5: 0.3 ratio, and the velvet-like material of will sterilize, sterilization chip material and the mixing of biological binding agent stir, make it be half moisture state, hold agglomeratingly, be not and be scattered or flow-like gets final product, become thick slurry, for subsequent use;
4., masking: (two roller width of used rolling equipment are 900-1000mm by rolling equipment with thick slurry, pressure is 50-100Mp, be furnished with perching knife, diaphragm pinch spalling from the pressure roller can be got off) rub that to be pressed into thickness be that 0.5mm, width are that 800mm, weight per unit area are 200g/m
2About, water content is about 50% offal wet film, and is for subsequent use;
5., oven dry: the offal wet film is adopted the bakeries such as fire coal or combustion gas dry, during oven dry, the offal wet film is hung in the bakery, it is parallel with the wind direction in the bakery to hang direction, fast barn dry-bulb temperature is risen to about 65 ℃ wet-bulb temperature 40-42 ℃, continue 15-20h, make its water content be down to 5-7%, become the offal dry film, for subsequent use;
6., cut: the both sides of offal dry film are cut burr, then are wound into reel, or break into the bundle shape, the offal mulch film.
Embodiment two:
A kind of flue-cured tobacco cultivation of present embodiment preparation method of offal mulch film, the technical process and the embodiment one that adopt are basic identical, its difference is: 5. behind the step baking operation, before 6. step cuts operation, also be provided with the 5. ` step moisture regain operation, that is: the offal dry film is sent in the moisture regain chamber, and with the hydromining atomization plant, carry out the normal temperature atomizing, make the moisture regain chamber be the water-vapo(u)r saturation state, absorb moisture regain, generally speaking, through behind the 30-40min water content of offal dry film is gone up to 18-20%.
Embodiment three:
A kind of flue-cured tobacco cultivation of present embodiment preparation method of offal mulch film, the technical process and the embodiment one that adopt are basic identical, its difference is: 5. behind the step baking operation, before 6. step cuts operation, also be provided with the 5. `` step moisture regain operation, that is: with water-soluble little fertilizer, it (is the indispensable trace element of tobacco such as magnesium that weed killer herbicide or insecticide are dissolved in the water, the soil of magnesium deficiency needs fertiliser containing magnesium, can determine according to the magnesium deficiency degree of soil the consumption of magnesium sulfate, again according to mu offal mulch film 80Kg, the about 8Kg of moisture regain water absorption, then the magnesium sulfate of determining is dissolved in the 8Kg water, adopt again the atomizing moisture regain, allow the offal dry film absorb; Other trace element or microelement fertilizer also can adopt this method to add; Weed killer herbicide can adopt alachlor or other weeding medicine, insecticide can adopt chlorophos or other deinsectization medicine, all can be configured by the pharmacy application requirement, and the moisture regain that atomizes again allows the offal dry film absorb.), make moisture regain liquid; Then, the offal dry film is sent in the moisture regain chamber, the liquid that will get damp again adopts atomization plant to carry out the normal temperature atomizing, make the indoor water-vapo(u)r saturation state that is of moisture regain, absorb moisture regain, generally speaking, through behind the 30-40min water content of offal dry film is gone up to 18-20%.
During use, before cured tobacco seedling is transplanted or after transplanting, carry out the offal plastic mulching.When covering before transplanting, can be directly with the offal plastic mulching on the ridge, if meet antecedent soil moisture and wind when large, during wet or rainy day of the suitable flanging of can fetching earth, soil, the offal mulch film is easy to and soil adhesion, when cured tobacco seedling is transplanted, tearing an osculum with transplanting the corresponding position, cave, after cured tobacco seedling is planted, the mouth of tearing is being covered, water again normal root water, like this, offal mulch film and soil are adjacent to fully, are conducive to water conservation, fertilizer conservation; When covering after transplanting, after cured tobacco seedling is transplanted end, directly with the offal plastic mulching on the ridge, if meet antecedent soil moisture and wind when large, the suitable flanging of can fetching earth, during wet or rainy day of soil, the offal mulch film is easy to and soil adhesion, when tobacco seedling growth arrives teleblem, the offal mulch film is torn an osculum, after drawing out the cigarette seedling, the mouth of tearing is covered and gets final product.
The flue-cured tobacco cultivation of the present invention preparation method of offal mulch film, prepared offal mulch film both had been suitable for the flue-cured tobacco culture underglass, also was suitable for other crops culture underglasses.
Claims (4)
1. a flue-cured tobacco cultivation is characterized in that technical process is as follows with the preparation method of offal mulch film:
1., preliminary treatment: offal through hammering into shape, rub, rub with the hands, is processed into filament diameter and is the chip raw material that 0.2-0.3mm, soft velvet-like raw material and particle diameter are 0.2-0.3mm, for subsequent use;
2., sterilization:
A, for subsequent use placed sterilizing room with velvet-like raw material, make it be loose condition (of surface) then, adopt atmospheric steam to carry out disinfection, time 20-30min becomes the velvet-like material of sterilization, and is for subsequent use;
B, chip raw material for subsequent use is divided in sterilizing room, adopted atmospheric steam to carry out disinfection, then time 20-30min, with the upset of chip raw material, adopts atmospheric steam to carry out disinfection again, and time 20-30min becomes sterilization chip material, and is for subsequent use;
3., slurrying: according to the velvet-like material of sterilization: sterilization chip material: biological binding agent is 1: the ratio of 3-6: 0.2-0.4, the velvet-like material of will sterilize, sterilization chip material and the mixing of biological binding agent, and stir into thick slurry, for subsequent use;
4., masking: to be pressed into thickness be that 0.4-0.6mm, width are that 600-1000mm, water content are the offal wet film of 40-60% by rubbing with thick slurry, for subsequent use;
5., oven dry: with offal wet film oven dry, make its water content be down to 5-7%, become the offal dry film, for subsequent use;
6., cut: with the side cut of offal dry film, rolling or bundling, the offal mulch film.
According to claim 1 described flue-cured tobacco cultivation with the preparation method of offal mulch film, it is characterized in that: 5. behind the step baking operation, before 6. step cuts operation, also be provided with the moisture regain operation, that is: water being carried out normal temperature atomizes, make the indoor water-vapo(u)r saturation state that is of moisture regain, absorb moisture regain, the water content of offal dry film is gone up to 18-20%.
3. the offal mulch film and the preparation method that use of flue-cured tobacco cultivation according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: 5. behind the step baking operation, before 6. step cuts operation, also be provided with the moisture regain operation, that is: a kind of in water-soluble little fertilizer, weed killer herbicide, the insecticide or two kinds or three kinds are dissolved in the water, then, carry out the normal temperature atomizing, make the indoor water-vapo(u)r saturation state that is of moisture regain, absorb moisture regain, absorb moisture regain, the water content of offal dry film is gone up to 18-20%.
4. according to claim 1 and 2 or 3 described flue-cured tobacco cultivations the offal mulch film and the preparation method that use, it is characterized in that: described biological binding agent is the paste that corn starch or starch from sweet potato are made.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN2012105622609A CN103004539B (en) | 2012-12-07 | 2012-12-07 | Preparation method of tobacco stem mulching film for cultivating cured tobacco |
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| CN2012105622609A CN103004539B (en) | 2012-12-07 | 2012-12-07 | Preparation method of tobacco stem mulching film for cultivating cured tobacco |
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| CN103004539A true CN103004539A (en) | 2013-04-03 |
| CN103004539B CN103004539B (en) | 2013-12-11 |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| TWI593347B (en) * | 2014-09-16 | 2017-08-01 | Linberg Health Enterprise Co Ltd | Multi-purpose fertilizer cover film and its manufacturing method |
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| CN1343743A (en) * | 2000-09-21 | 2002-04-10 | 徐华 | Degradable plant fibre film for agriculture purpose |
| CN101333774A (en) * | 2007-06-29 | 2008-12-31 | 褚全慧 | Process for making full-degradable paper mulching film for agricultural use from agronomic crop stalks |
| CN201504457U (en) * | 2009-09-27 | 2010-06-16 | 昆明春叶塑料制成品有限公司 | Plastic film for tobacco made of tobacco wastes |
| CN102283058A (en) * | 2010-06-18 | 2011-12-21 | 福建中烟工业公司 | Novel method for producing multifunctional, environmental-friendly, organic and thin-slice mulching film by using roll-in method |
| CN102668934A (en) * | 2011-03-15 | 2012-09-19 | 漳州仂元工业有限公司 | Organic mulching film manufactured by fibers of plant shell or branch and stem |
-
2012
- 2012-12-07 CN CN2012105622609A patent/CN103004539B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1343743A (en) * | 2000-09-21 | 2002-04-10 | 徐华 | Degradable plant fibre film for agriculture purpose |
| CN101333774A (en) * | 2007-06-29 | 2008-12-31 | 褚全慧 | Process for making full-degradable paper mulching film for agricultural use from agronomic crop stalks |
| CN201504457U (en) * | 2009-09-27 | 2010-06-16 | 昆明春叶塑料制成品有限公司 | Plastic film for tobacco made of tobacco wastes |
| CN102283058A (en) * | 2010-06-18 | 2011-12-21 | 福建中烟工业公司 | Novel method for producing multifunctional, environmental-friendly, organic and thin-slice mulching film by using roll-in method |
| CN102668934A (en) * | 2011-03-15 | 2012-09-19 | 漳州仂元工业有限公司 | Organic mulching film manufactured by fibers of plant shell or branch and stem |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| TWI593347B (en) * | 2014-09-16 | 2017-08-01 | Linberg Health Enterprise Co Ltd | Multi-purpose fertilizer cover film and its manufacturing method |
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