CN102856691B - 无屏蔽、高速、低串音电连接器 - Google Patents

无屏蔽、高速、低串音电连接器 Download PDF

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CN102856691B
CN102856691B CN201210314445.8A CN201210314445A CN102856691B CN 102856691 B CN102856691 B CN 102856691B CN 201210314445 A CN201210314445 A CN 201210314445A CN 102856691 B CN102856691 B CN 102856691B
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electrical contact
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difference signal
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CN102856691A (zh
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S·米尼克
J·E·巴克
D·M·约内司库
S·H·塞尔屈
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FCI SA
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01RELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R24/00Two-part coupling devices, or either of their cooperating parts, characterised by their overall structure
    • H01R24/28Coupling parts carrying pins, blades or analogous contacts and secured only to wire or cable
    • H01R24/30Coupling parts carrying pins, blades or analogous contacts and secured only to wire or cable with additional earth or shield contacts
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01RELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R13/00Details of coupling devices of the kinds covered by groups H01R12/70 or H01R24/00 - H01R33/00
    • H01R13/646Details of coupling devices of the kinds covered by groups H01R12/70 or H01R24/00 - H01R33/00 specially adapted for high-frequency, e.g. structures providing an impedance match or phase match
    • H01R13/6461Means for preventing cross-talk
    • H01R13/6471Means for preventing cross-talk by special arrangement of ground and signal conductors, e.g. GSGS [Ground-Signal-Ground-Signal]
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01RELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R13/00Details of coupling devices of the kinds covered by groups H01R12/70 or H01R24/00 - H01R33/00
    • H01R13/646Details of coupling devices of the kinds covered by groups H01R12/70 or H01R24/00 - H01R33/00 specially adapted for high-frequency, e.g. structures providing an impedance match or phase match
    • H01R13/6473Impedance matching
    • H01R13/6477Impedance matching by variation of dielectric properties
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10STECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S439/00Electrical connectors
    • Y10S439/941Crosstalk suppression

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  • Coupling Device And Connection With Printed Circuit (AREA)

Abstract

一种电连接器,其包括:第一电触头和第二电触头,它们都连接至直角连接器并且都至少部分地沿着第一中心线定位,所述第一电触头与所述第二电触头相邻,其中,所述第一电触头限定了在远离第一中心线的第一方向上行进的尾端,并且第二电触头限定了在与第一方向相反的第二方向上行进的尾端;以及第三电触头和第四电触头,它们都连接至直角连接器并且都至少部分地沿着与所述第一中心线相邻的第二中心线定位,所述第三电触头与所述第四电触头相邻,其中,所述第三电触头限定了在第二方向上行进的尾端,并且第四电触头限定了在第一方向上行进的尾端,其中,所述第一和第二电触头的尾端处于作为所述第三和第四电触头的尾端的镜像的方位中。

Description

无屏蔽、高速、低串音电连接器
本发明是2007年12月18日提交的申请号为200780051466.2的中国发明专利“无屏蔽、高速、低串音电连接器”的分案申请。
技术领域
本发明涉及电连接器。
背景技术
电连接器在使用导电触头的电子设备中提供信号连接。在一些场合中,电连接器在一个或多个基板(例如,印刷电路板)之间提供可连接接口。这种电连接器可包括安装至第一基板的端座连接器(headerconnector)以及安装至第二基板的互补的插孔连接器。通常,端座连接器中的第一多个触头适合于与插孔连接器中的相应多个触头相配合。
电触头的差分信号对之间不期望的电信号干扰随着信号密度增大而增大,尤其在缺乏金属串音护罩的电连接器中。信号密度是重要的,因为硅芯片随着时钟速度增大而经受热限制。获得更大信号通过量的一种方式,不管硅基芯片的局限,是同时并行地操作几个芯片及其相应的传输路径。这个方案需要分配给电连接器更多的背板、中平面以及子卡空间。
因此,需要一种具有平衡配合特性的正交差分信号电连接器,其占据最小量的基板空间,然而仍以高于4Gb/秒的速度操作,并且在没有金属串音护罩下具有百分之六或更少的最差情况(worst-case)、多源串扰(multi-active crosstalk)。
发明内容
一种电连接器,其包括:多个电隔离的电触头,它们沿着共同中心线至少部分一致地布置,其中相邻的、交替的(alternating)触头由配合连接器的相应刀片触头(blade contacts)在相反方向上偏斜。一种电连接器,其包括:沿着共同中心线至少部分一致地布置的多个电隔离的电触头,其中所述多个电隔离的电触头中的至少两个每个限定配合端部,所述配合端部在与共同中心线横向的第一方向上由配合连接器的相应刀片触头偏斜,所述多个电隔离的电触头中的至少一个与所述多个电隔离的电触头中的所述至少两个之一相邻,并且限定在与共同中心线横向并且与第一方向相反的第二方向上由所述配合连接器的相应刀片触头偏斜的相应配合端部,并且所述多个电隔离的电触头中的至少一个包括在相反的方向上偏斜的两个相邻的电隔离的电触头。所述多个电隔离的电触头中的所述至少两个彼此相邻,并且所述多个电隔离的电触头中的所述至少两个每个在所述第一方向上偏斜。所述多个电隔离的电触头中的所述至少一个包括两个相邻的电隔离的电触头。所述多个电隔离的电触头中的所述至少两个包括至少三个电隔离的电触头,所述至少三个电隔离的电触头彼此相邻并且每个限定在与共同中心线横向的第一方向上由配合连接器的相应刀片触头偏斜的配合端部。所述多个电隔离的电触头中的所述至少一个包括三个相邻的电隔离的电触头。所述多个电隔离的电触头中的所述至少两个包括至少四个电隔离的电触头,所述四个电隔离的电触头彼此相邻并且每个限定在与共同中心线横向的第一方向上由配合连接器的相应刀片触头偏斜的配合端部。所述多个电隔离的电触头中的所述至少一个包括四个相邻的电隔离的电触头。
一种电连接器,其包括:电触头阵列,阵列中的相邻电触头沿着相应的中心线成对布置为差分信号对,所述差分信号对沿着相应中心线由接地触头彼此隔开,其中,电连接器没有金属板并且每英寸卡边缘包括多于82个差分信号对,所述多于82个差分信号对中的一个是受害方差分信号对(victim differential signal pair),并且在距离上最接近受害方差分信号对的8个入侵方差分信号对(aggressor differentialsignal pair)中具有70皮秒上升时间的差分信号在受害方差分信号对上产生不超过百分之六的最差情况的多源串扰。限定差分信号对的相邻电触头隔开第一距离,并且所述差分信号对与接地触头隔开比第一距离大的第二距离。所述第二距离是所述第一距离的大约1.5倍、2倍、或超过所述第一距离的2倍。电触头阵列中的每个电触头包括插孔配合部,并且电触头阵列中的插孔配合部被限制在大约400平方毫米或更小的虚拟周长内。电触头阵列中的每个电触头包括插孔顺从部(compliant portion),并且电触头阵列中的插孔顺从部被限制在大约400平方毫米或更小的虚拟周长内。所述电连接器从基板的安装表面延伸不超过20毫米。在第一方向上布置的触头的中心线的每个之间限定间距。所述中心线的每个之间的所述间距大约是1.2毫米至1.8毫米。
一种电连接器,其包括:至少部分地沿着第一中心线定位的第一电触头和第二电触头,所述第一电触头与所述第二电触头相邻,其中,所述第一电触头限定了在远离第一中心线的第一方向上行进(jog)的尾端,并且第二电触头限定了在与第一方向相反的第二方向上行进的尾端;以及至少部分地沿着与所述第一中心线相邻的第二中心线定位的第三电触头和第四电触头,所述第三电触头与所述第四电触头相邻,其中,所述第三电触头限定了在第二方向上行进的尾端,并且第四电触头限定了在第一方向上行进的尾端,其中,所述第一和第二电触头的尾端处于作为所述第三和第四电触头的尾端的镜像的方位中。所述第一和第二电触头形成差分信号对,并且所述第三和第四电触头形成差分信号对。所述电连接器还包括沿着第一中心线与所述第二电触头相邻的接地触头。
一种基板,其包括:至少部分地沿着第一中心线定位的第一电通道和第二电通道,所述第一电通道与所述第二电通道相邻,其中,所述第一电通道在远离所述第一中心线的第一方向上行进,并且所述第二电通道在与所述第一方向相反的第二方向上行进;以及至少部分地沿着与所述第一中心线相邻的第二中心线定位的第三电通道和第四电通道,所述第三电通道与所述第四电通道相邻,其中,所述第三电通道在第二方向上行进,并且所述第四电通道在第一方向上行进,其中,所述第一和第二电通道处于作为第三和第四电通道的镜像的方位中。
一种电连接器,其包括:差分信号对,其包括保持于绝缘壳体中的第一电触头以及保持于所述壳体中与所述第一信号触头相邻的第二电触头,其中(i)所述第一电触头在第一方向上具有第一长度,(ii)所述第二电触头在第一方向上具有第二长度,(iii)所述第一长度小于所述第二长度,并且(iv)第二信号触头中的电信号传播通过比第一信号触头中的电信号所传播通过的第一长度要长的第二长度以纠正配合直角连接器中配合差分信号对的扭曲(skew)。
附图说明
图1A和1B示出竖直端座连接器和直角插孔连接器。
图1C示出直角插孔壳体,其接受每一中心线具有六个差分信号对和相关接地触头的插孔嵌件成型引线框组件(IMLA)。
图1D示出每一中心线具有六个差分信号对和相关接地触头的竖直端座连接器。
图2示出安装至相应基板的竖直端座连接器和直角插孔连接器。
图3示出正交连接器印迹区(footprint)和定位于正交印迹区上的电触头。
图4A和4B分别是具有插孔壳体的直角插孔连接器的正视图和轴测视图。
图5A和5B分别是直角插孔连接器在没有插孔壳体情况下的正视图和轴测视图。
图6A和6B分别是用于直角插孔连接器的四个差分信号对IMLA的俯视图和侧视图。
图7A和7B分别是插孔壳体的正视图和轴测视图。
图8A和8B示出接收于插孔壳体中IMLA。
图9是在图1A和1B中示出的配合电连接器的侧视图。
图10A和10B示出与第一实施例插孔IMLA配合的电触头阵列。
图11A和11B示出与第二实施例插孔IMLA配合的电触头阵列。
图12A和12B示出与第三实施例插孔IMLA配合的电触头阵列。
图13A和13B示出与的第四实施例插孔IMLA配合的电触头阵列。
图14示出在塑料介电材料移除情况下的配合直角插孔IMLA。
图15是图14的直角插孔IMLA的一部分的细节图。
图16示出端座IMLA和直角插孔IMLA。
图17示出与直角电触头配合的电触头阵列。
具体实施方式
图1A和1B示出第一电连接器110和第二电连接器210。如所示,第一电连接器110可以是竖直端座连接器。即,第一电连接器110可限定彼此平行的配合和安装区域。第二电连接器210可以是直角连接器,或与第一电连接器110配合的某些其它适合的配合连接器。即,第二电连接器210可限定彼此垂直的配合和安装区域。尽管这里所示的实施例示出竖直端座连接器和直角插孔连接器,应当理解,第一或第二电连接器110、210的任一个能是竖直连接器(vertical connector)或直角连接器,第一或第二电连接器110、210的任一个能是端座连接器或插孔连接器,并且第一和第二电连接器110、210都能是夹层连接器(mezzanine connector)。
第一和第二电连接器110和210可以是无屏蔽高速电连接器,也就是,连接器在4Gb/秒(Gigabits/秒)或高于4Gb/秒的数据传输速度下操作而没有金属串音板,并且通常在6.25至12.5Gb/秒或更多之间(大约80至35皮秒上升时间),在不超过百分之六的受害方对上具有可接受的最差情况、多源串扰。最差情况、多源串扰可由最接近受害方差分信号对的六个或八个入侵方差分信号对的绝对值之和确定(图3)。上升时间≈0.35/带宽,其中带宽大约等于数据传输速度的一半。每个差分信号对可具有大约85至100欧姆正负10%的差分阻抗。差分阻抗可与系统(比如举例来说,连接器可附接于此的印刷电路板或集成电路)的阻抗相匹配。连接器110和210可具有大约-1dB或小到大约5千兆赫操作频率以及大约-2dB或小到大约10千兆赫操作频率的插入损耗。
再次参照图1A和1B,第一电连接器110可包括承载电触头130的端座壳体120。电触头130包括端座配合部150和端座顺从部140。端座配合部150的每个可限定相应的第一宽面和与第一宽面相反的相应第二宽面。端座顺从部140可以是压配合尾部、表面安装尾部或可熔元件(比如焊球)。电触头130可在附接至端座壳体120或缝合入端座壳体120之前嵌件成型。电触头130的每个可具有大约等于其相应高度的材料厚度,不过高度可大于材料厚度。举例来说,电触头130可具有大约0.1毫米至0.45毫米的材料厚度以及大约0.1毫米至0.9毫米的触头高度。在沿着中心线CL1的边缘耦合结构中,限定差分信号对的相邻电触头130可与相邻的接地触头等距地隔开或不均衡地隔开。举例来说,第一差分信号触头和相邻的第二差分信号触头之间的间隔可比第二差分信号触头和相邻的接地触头之间的间隔小大约1.2至4倍。如图1D中所示,大约1毫米至2毫米的均匀X方向中心线间距CL1、CL2、CL3是期望的,并且大约1毫米至1.5毫米Y方向中心线间距CLA、CLB是期望的,优选为1.2毫米、1.3毫米或1.4毫米。相邻电触头130之间的间隔可对应于电触头130之间的介电材料。举例来说,其中介电材料是空气的电触头130可比其中介电材料是塑料的电触头彼此间更接近地隔开。
继续参照图1A和1B,第二电连接器210包括由插孔壳体240承载的嵌件成型引线框组件(IMLA)220。每个IMLA 220承载电触头,比如直角电触头250。任何适合的介电材料,比如空气或塑料,可用来将直角电触头250彼此绝缘。直角电触头250包括插孔配合部270和插孔顺从部260。插孔顺从部260可类似于端座顺从部140并且可包括压配合尾部、表面安装尾部或可熔元件(比如焊球)。直角电触头250可具有大约0.1毫米至0.5毫米的材料厚度以及大约0.1毫米至0.9毫米的触头高度。在直角电触头250的总体长度上触头高度可改变,以使得直角电触头250的配合端280具有大约0.9毫米的高度,而相邻的引线部分255(图14)变窄至大约0.2毫米的高度。通常,配合端部280的高度与引线部分255(图14)的高度的比值可以是大约5。第二电连接器210还可包括IMLA管理器(organizer)230,管理器230可以是电隔离的或导电的。导电IMLA管理器230可经由限定于IMLA管理器230中的缝隙280或任何其它适合的连接电连接至IMLA 220的导电部分。
图1A和1B中的第一和第二电连接器110、210可包括沿着中心线CL1边缘至边缘定位的四个差分信号对以及交替(interleaved)接地触头。然而,任何数目的差分信号对能沿着中心线CL1延伸。举例来说,两个、三个、四个、五个、六个或更多差分信号对是可能的,具有或不具有交替接地触头。沿着相邻中心线CL1的中心线定位的差分信号对可与沿着中心线CL2定位的差分信号对偏移。再次参照图1A,在第二电连接器210包括具有18个直角电触头250的IMLA 220时,第二电触头210具有小于46毫米的深度D,优选地为大约35毫米。
图1C示出插孔壳体240A,其构造为接收12个IMLA 220(图6A、6B),IMLA 220每个具有沿着共同的相应中心线CL1、CL2、CL3边缘至边缘地定位的六个差分对以及交替接地触头。每个IMLA具有大约十八个直角电触头,六个直角电触头单个地定位于/交替于专用于地面的差分信号对之间。在这个实施例中,每个IMLA的差分信号对和交替接地触头沿着相应的中心线CL1、CL2、CL3等在Y方向上延伸并且中心线CL1、CL2、CL3在X方向上隔开。插孔配合区域由全体插孔配合部270(图1A)限定,在IMLA附接至插孔端座240A时全体插孔配合部270占据X乘Y区域。中心线CL1、CL2、CL3上差分对之间的中心线间隔可以是大约1毫米至4毫米,优选地为1.5毫米或1.8毫米的中心线间隔。
继续参照图1C,构造有12个IMLA 220的第二电连接器210的插孔配合区域是在X方向上大约20毫米至25毫米的长度乘在Y方向上大约20毫米至27毫米的长度,每个IMLA 220包括边缘至边缘地定位的六个差分对和交替接地触头。举例来说,这个实施例中20毫米乘20毫米的插孔配合区域包括大约216个单个的插孔配合部,它们能配对为大约72个差分信号对。在X方向上测量的每英寸卡边缘的差分信号对的数目是这样的:即,在差分信号对处于1.8毫米的中心线CL1、CL2、CL3上时可以是大约84至85个(超过82个),并且在差分信号对处于1.5毫米的中心线CL1、CL2、CL3上时可以是大约101至102个。高度或Y方向长度以及深度D(图1A)优选地保持不变,而不管中心线间隔或IMLA的总数的增加或省略。
图1D示出具有电触头130的第一电连接器110A,电触头130布置成每一中心线CL1、CL2、CL3具有六个差分信号对S+、S-以及交替接地触头G。第一电连接器110A能与图1C中所示的插孔壳体240A相配合。
如图2中所示,第一电连接器110的端座配合区域由与电触头1、2、3、4横向交叉的虚拟方形或矩形周长P1限定并且包括由虚拟周长P1限定的端座配合部150。虽然在图2中示出12个触头的四个中心线CL1、CL2、CL3、CL4,但是对于每一中心线的总共四个差分信号对和四个交替接地触头,端座配合区域能通过增加更多电触头中心线或更多Y方向上电触头130来扩展总面积。对于每一中心线的四个差分信号对和交替接地触头,每英寸卡边缘或X方向的差分信号对的数量是在1.8毫米中心线间隔时为大约56个并且在1.5毫米中心线间隔时为大约68个。顺序堆叠在背板或中平面上的子卡之间的卡间距小于25毫米,并且优选地大约是18毫米或更小。对于每一中心线的5个差分信号对和交替接地触头,每英寸卡边缘X的差分信号对的数目在1.8毫米中心线间隔时为大约71个差分信号对并且在1.5毫米中心线间隔时为大约85对。卡间距小于25毫米,并且优选地是大约21毫米。对于每一中心线6个差分信号对和交替接地触头,每英寸差分信号对的数量与上面所讨论的相同。卡间距小于35毫米,并且优选地是大约25毫米或更小。每一中心线具有三个差分信号对和交替接地触头的电连接器在15毫米卡间距内配合。
通常,对于在Y方向上沿着相应的中心线添加的每个差分信号对和相邻接地触头,卡间距增加大约3毫米,并且在差分信号对和相邻接地触头省略时大致减少相同量。对于每个差分信号对添加至中心线或从中心线省略,卡边缘的每英寸差分信号对增加大约14至17个差分信号对,假定中心线间隔和中心线的数目保持不变。
继续参照图2,第二电连接器210的插孔印迹区由虚拟方形或矩形周长P2限定,周长P2通过插孔顺从部尾部5、6、7和8并且将插孔顺从部260限制在P2周长内。第二电连接器的插孔印迹区对于六个差分信号对连接器而言优选地是大约20毫米乘20毫米。相配合的6对第一电连接器110的非正交端座印迹区优选地也是大约20毫米乘20毫米。如图2中所示,第一电连接器110可安装至第一基板105,比如背板或中平面。第二电连接器210可安装至第二基板205,比如子卡。
图3是连接器以及相应通道印迹区的正视图,比如安装在第一基板105上的第一电连接器110A(图1D)。为了清楚,端座壳体120在图3中隐藏。第一电连接器110A包括如上所述沿着中心线布置的电触头130,并且每个端座顺从部140可包括相应的尾部部分265。然而,端座顺从部140和第一基板105上的相应印迹区都布置用于穿过第一基板105(比如背板或中平面)正交安装的共享通道。差分信号对275的尾部部分265和相应的基板通道可相对于彼此在相反方向上行进。即,差分信号对275的一个尾部部分和通道在X方向上行进,并且差分信号对275的第二触头的第二尾部部分和通道可在X方向上行进。与差分信号对相邻的接地触头G相对于中心线CL1可以行进或不行进。
更具体地,沿着中心线CL1定位的差分信号对275的尾部部分265可具有尾部和相应通道方位,这个方位与沿着相邻中心线CL2定位的差分信号对285的尾部部分265的尾部和相应通道方位相反。因而,沿着第一中心线CL1定位的第一差分信号对275的第一触头的尾部部分265和相应通道可在X方向上行进。第二中心线CL2上的第二差分信号对285的相应第一触头的尾部部分265和相应通道可在X方向上行进。而且,沿着第一中心线CL1定位的第一差分信号对275的第二触头的尾部部分265和相应通道可在X方向上行进,并且第二中心线上的第二差分信号对285的第二触头的尾部部分265和相应通道可在X方向上行进。因而,沿着第一中心线CL1定位的尾部部分265和相应通道能以与沿着中心线CL2定位的触头的终端的尾部部分265和相应通道的模式相反的模式行进。这个模式能重复用于其余中心线。
图3中示出的基板通道印迹区和相应第一电连接器110A提供用于沿着11个中心线CL1、CL2、CL3等中的每一个定位的至少六个差分信号对275、285。上述中心线的每一个另外可包括布置于中心线的信号对之间的相应接地触头/通道G。基板可限定相邻中心线CL1、CL2之间的中心线间距Pc。基板的中心线间距Pc举例来说可以是在相应中心线内的通道或电触头130间隔的1.5倍。第一电连接器110和通道优选地具有由虚拟周长P3限定的方形或矩形印迹区,虚拟周长P3穿过1A、1B、1C、1D并且限制端座顺从部140或内部通道。差分信号对A能是可能的入侵方对,并且差分信号对V能是可能的受害方差分信号对。
图4A和4B是图1A和1B中所示的第二电连接器210的正视图。
图5A和5B分别是图1A和1B中所示的第二电连接器210在没有插孔壳体240情况下的正视图和轴测视图。如在没有插孔壳体240情况下最好地看到的,直角电触头250的插孔配合部270可限定引线部分290和配合端部280。配合端部280可从中心线CL1偏移以完全接受电触头130的相应端部配合部150。即,每个配合端部280可在与中心线CL1的延伸方向垂直的方向上偏移。交错的配合端部280可在交错的方向上偏移。即,第一个直角电触头250的配合端部280可在与中心线CL1垂直的第一方向上从中心线CL1偏移,并且沿着相同中心线CL1定位的相邻直角电触头250的配合端部280可在与第一方向相反的第二方向上从中心线CL1偏移。配合端部280可朝着中心线CL1弯曲。因而,直角电触头250的配合端部280可适合啮合来自第一电连接器110的第一电触头130的刀片形端座配合部150(图1),第一电连接器110如上所述可沿着与图5A中所示的中心线CL1相一致的中心线对准。
图6A和6B分别是IMLA 220的俯视图和侧视图。如图6B中所示,每个引线框架250可限定在插孔配合部270和插孔顺从部260之间延伸的引线部分255(图14)。直角电触头250可限定一个或多个角度。理论上,形成差分信号对295的直角电触头250的长度的变化应当为2毫米或更少以使得信号扭曲(偏斜,skew)小于10皮秒。IMLA220还可包括相应凸片330,其可限定于塑料介电材料301中的凹陷340中或者不然的话暴露。举例来说,介电材料310可具有相应的顶表面350。凹陷340可限定于介电材料310的顶表面350中以使得凸片330暴露于凹陷340中。
如图6B中所示,介电材料310可包括一个或多个突起320。每个突起320可以是可选的有键特征,其在IMLA 220接收于插孔壳体240(图7B)的腔380(图7B)中的方向上从介电材料310延伸。应当理解IMLA 220能具有腔,该腔接受与从插孔壳体240延伸的突起320类似的突起以最小化垂直于配合方向的相对运动。
图7A和7B分别是插孔壳体240的正视图和轴测视图。如图7A中所示,插孔壳体240可限定一个或多个配合窗360、一个或多个配合腔370以及一个或多个腔380。插孔壳体240可进一步包括壁390,壁390沿着中心线分开相邻的直角电触头350(图1A)以防止短路。每个配合窗360如图8A中所示可在第一电连接器110和第二电连接器210配合时从第一电连接器110接收相应第一电触头130的刀片形端部配合部150。
再次参照图8A和8B,来自第二电连接器210的相应直角电触头250的插孔配合部270(图1A)可延伸进入配合腔370的每个并且可预装载偏移的配合端部280。配合腔370可彼此偏移以容纳直角电触头250的偏移配合端部280。腔380的每个可接收相应的突起320(图6B)。插孔壳体240可包括闩锁400以将IMLA 220(图6A和6B中所示)紧固入插孔壳体240。
多个IMLA 220可布置于插孔壳体240中以使得每个IMLA 220在至少一个侧面上与另一个IMLA 220相邻。举例来说,直角电触头250的配合部270可接收于配合腔370中。IMLA 220可接收于配合腔370中直到每个相应的突起320插入相应的腔380。IMLA管理器230(图9)然后可组装至IMLA 220以完成第二电连接器210的组装。
图9是图1A和1B中所示的配合的第一和第二电连接器110、210的侧视图。如所示,可限定于IMLA管理器230的弯曲部分410中的相应插槽280的每个可从IMLA 220中的凹陷340接收相应的凸片330。举例来说,凸片330的每个可限定第一侧面和与第一侧面相反的第二侧面。
图10A-15B示出第一电触头130配合以及直角电触头250的插孔配合部270的阵列。来自第一电连接器110(图1A)的第一电触头130的刀片形端座配合部150的每个可与来自第二电连接器210(图1A)的直角电触头250IMLA220的相应配合端部280相配合。配合端部280的每个可在至少一个位置处,并且优选地在至少两个位置处,接触相应的端座配合部150。
如图10A和10B中所示,第一电触头130的刀片形端座安装部分150的第一宽面可在中心线方向CLD上限定第一平面。第一电触头130的刀片形安装部分150的第二宽面可限定可从第一平面偏移并且与第一平面平行的第二平面。插孔配合部270的一些配合端部280可物理接触相应刀片形端座配合部150的第一宽面,而不是相同刀片形端座配合部150的第二宽面。其它的配合端部280可物理地接触相应端座配合部150的第二宽面,而不是相反的第一宽面。因而,在第一和第二电连接器110、210配合时可产生更平衡的净力。
图11A和11B类似于图10A和10B。IMLA 220A承载直角电触头250。然而,在这个实施例中,两个相邻的配合端部280接触两个相邻端座配合部150的第一宽面,并且两个另外的相邻配合端部280接触两个另外的相邻端部配合部150的相应第二宽面。
图12A和12B类似于图10A和10B。IMLA 220B承载直角电触头250。然而,在这个实施例中,三个相邻的配合端部280接触三个相邻端座配合部150的相应第一宽面,并且三个另外的相邻配合端部280接触三个另外的相邻端座配合部150的相应第二宽面。
图13A和13B类似于图10A和10B。IMLA 220C承载直角电触头250。然而,在这个实施例中,四个相邻的配合端部280接触四个相邻端座配合部150的相应第一宽面,并且四个另外的相邻配合端部280接触四个另外的相邻端座配合部150的相应第二宽面。
应当理解,虽然图10A至13B的实施例示出相邻的配合端部物理地接触相应端部配合部150的相反宽面,但是端座配合部150。
图14示出多个直角电触头250,其中为了清楚而移除了塑料介电材料。直角电触头250可包括多个差分信号对420以及一个或多个导电的接地触头450。每个直角电触头250可限定在插孔配合部270和插孔顺从部260之间延伸的引线部分255。在第二电连接器210是直角连接器时,引线部分255可限定一个或多个角度。每个引线部分255可具有相应的长度L-r。直角电触头250如所示,可具有不同的长度,这可引起信号扭曲(偏斜)。理论上,形成差分信号对420的直角电触头250的长度L-r的变化应当为大约1毫米或更小以使得信号偏斜小于10皮秒。
部分460在图15中更详细地示出。图15是图14中所示的差分信号对420和接地触头450的细节图。如图15中所示,差分信号对420的每个可包括第一信号触头430和第二信号触头440。第一和第二信号触头430、440可间隔开距离D1以使得第一和第二信号触头430、440彼此紧密地电耦合。第一信号触头430和第二信号触头440之间在塑料中的间隙根据触头的高度和材料厚度可大约是0.2至0.8毫米。大约0.25毫米至0.4毫米的间隙是优选的。在空气中,间隙可以更小。相邻的接地触头450在IMLA 220内可与差分信号对间隔开距离D2。距离D2可以是距离D1的大约1.5至4倍。第二信号触头440和接地触头450之间在塑料中的距离D2可以是大约0.3至0.8毫米。大约0.4毫米的距离D2是优选的。在空气中,这个值可以更小。如上面所讨论的,第一信号触头430和第二信号触头440的高度或宽度可大约等于材料厚度,不过其也可以大于材料厚度。举例来说,高度可在大约0.1毫米至0.9毫米之间变化。
接地触头450在尺寸上可类似于第一和第二信号触头430、440以优化信号触头和接地触头之间的间隔,从而产生这样一种电连接器,该电连接器的差分信号对的密度大于卡边缘每英寸82个差分信号对,堆叠卡间距小于大约35毫米或31毫米(优选地大约25毫米),并且背板至后部连接器的长度小于大约37毫米(优选地大约35毫米)。另外,具有直角电触头和卡边缘每英寸超过82个差分信号对以及相关的交替接地触头450的第二连接器从子卡安装表面上升小于20毫米,并且仅占据大约400平方毫米的子卡表面积。
图16示出第一电连接器110的电触头130可具有与端座配合部150相邻的嵌件成型壳体480。嵌件成型壳体480可保持不同的电气和物理长度的电触头130。
图17示出图16的电触头130和IMLA220在没有嵌件成型壳体480情况下的阵列。电触头130可在每个端座顺从部140和每个端座配合部150之间限定相应的端座引线部分135。相邻触头的端座引线部分135的长度可改变。举例来说,第一电触头470可包括具有第一物理和电气长度L1的端座引线部分135,并且与第一电触头470相邻的第二电触头480可包括具有第二物理和电气长度L2的端座引线部分135。在示例实施例中,第一长度L1可小于第二长度L2以纠正第三和第四电触头490和500中的扭曲(偏斜)。
举例来说,第三电触头490可具有第三物理和电气长度L3,并且与第三电触头490相邻的第四电触头500可具有第四物理和电气长度。在示例实施例中,第四物理和电气长度可小于第三长度。第三电触头490可与第一电触头470配合,并且第四电触头500可与第二电触头480相配合以使得第一物理和电气长度与第三物理和电气长度的总和可大约等于第二物理和电气长度与第四物理和电气长度的总和。即,差分信号对中两个触头之间的总电气长度可以针对扭曲(偏斜)进行纠正。

Claims (2)

1.一种电连接器,其包括:
第一电触头和第二电触头,所述第一电触头和第二电触头每个具有插孔配合部,所述第一电触头和第二电触头的各个插孔配合部都连接至直角连接器并且都至少部分地沿着第一中心线定位,所述第一电触头与所述第二电触头相邻,其中,所述第一电触头进一步限定了在远离第一中心线的第一方向上行进的尾端,并且第二电触头进一步限定了在与第一方向相反的第二方向上行进的尾端;以及
第三电触头和第四电触头,所述第三电触头和第四电触头每个具有插孔配合部,所述第三电触头和第四电触头的各个插孔配合部都连接至直角连接器并且都至少部分地沿着与所述第一中心线相邻的第二中心线定位,所述第三电触头与所述第四电触头相邻,其中,所述第三电触头限定了在第二方向上行进的尾端,并且第四电触头限定了在第一方向上行进的尾端,
其中,所述第一和第二电触头的尾端处于作为所述第三和第四电触头的尾端的镜像的方位中。
2.如权利要求1所述的电连接器,其中所述第一和第二电触头形成差分信号对,并且所述第三和第四电触头形成差分信号对。
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US8382521B2 (en) 2013-02-26
WO2008082548A8 (en) 2009-10-08
US8678860B2 (en) 2014-03-25
CN102856692B (zh) 2017-01-18
US20130183869A1 (en) 2013-07-18
CN102856692A (zh) 2013-01-02
EP2122789A4 (en) 2011-07-20
US7762843B2 (en) 2010-07-27
US20100291806A1 (en) 2010-11-18
US20120083155A1 (en) 2012-04-05
WO2008082548A1 (en) 2008-07-10
US20090159314A1 (en) 2009-06-25
EP2122789A1 (en) 2009-11-25
US20080176453A1 (en) 2008-07-24
US8096832B2 (en) 2012-01-17
US7497736B2 (en) 2009-03-03
CN102856691A (zh) 2013-01-02
EP2122789B1 (en) 2013-08-07

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