CN102850128B

CN102850128B - Reusable seedling substrate and preparation method thereof

Info

Publication number: CN102850128B
Application number: CN201210333241.9A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 侯毛毛; 邵孝侯; 陈竞楠; 张程
Original assignee: Hohai University HHU
Current assignee: Hohai University HHU
Priority date: 2012-09-10
Filing date: 2012-09-10
Publication date: 2014-03-12
Anticipated expiration: 2032-09-10
Also published as: CN102850128A

Abstract

The invention discloses a reusable seedling substrate and a preparation method thereof. The reusable seedling substrate comprises a corn straw fermentation product, perlite, mushroom dreg, and an EM culture solution. The corn straw fermentation product is a fermentation product of corn straw, cow dung and water. The invention also provides a preparation method of the seedling substrate. The seedling substrate has rich raw material source, low cost, and balanced nutrition. With the seedling substrate, seedling nutritional requirements can be satisfied. Because of a fermentation material which is the EM nutrient solution, a reuse effect is good.

Description

A kind of reusable seedling medium and preparation method thereof

Technical field

The invention belongs to agricultural cultivation field, particularly a kind of reusable seedling medium, also relates to the preparation method of this matrix.

Background technology

The main component of tradition seedling medium is the peat composed of rotten mosses and peat, and as Nonrenewable resources, excessively exploitation has badly influenced the balance of the ecosystem.Seedling medium is mixed by the different raw material of textural property mostly at present, comprising organic raw material as bark, wood sawdust, stalk, rice husk, bagasse, liver moss, coconut husk, compost, natural pond slag, rock chaff ash etc., also comprise that inorganic raw material enters sand, gravel, haydite, slag, polystyrene foam, float stone, rock wool, vermiculite, perlite etc., thereby can maximize favourable factors and minimize unfavourable ones, water, gas, fertilizer are coordinated mutually.Yet existing matrix is poor effect not only, be difficult to again utilize, and use after stain environment owing to once using to cause.

Summary of the invention

Goal of the invention: the object of this invention is to provide a kind of reusable seedling medium and preparation method thereof.

Technical scheme: a kind of reusable seedling medium provided by the invention, is characterized in that: comprise maize straw fermented product, perlite, bacterium slag and EM nutrient solution, described maize straw fermented product is the tunning of maize straw, cow dung and water.

The volume ratio of described maize straw fermented product, perlite, bacterium slag and EM nutrient solution is (6-10): (3-5): (1-3): 1, and preferably, be 8:4:2:1; Thereby make nutrition more balanced, be applicable to seedling early growth, be also conducive to matrix and reuse simultaneously.

Described bacterium slag is one or both in agaricus bisporus mushroom slag and golden mushroom slag.

Described EM nutrient solution comprises the component of following volume ratio: EM stoste 5-15 part, and preferably 8 parts, molasses 5-15 part, preferably 10 parts, distilled water 75-90 part, preferably 82 parts, pH is 3.5-4.5; Thereby make nutrition more balanced, be applicable to seedling early growth.

A preparation method for reusable seedling medium, comprises the following steps:

(1) preparation of maize straw fermented product: after corn straw smashing, with cow dung, water mixed fermentation, oven dry, drip washing, dry, obtain maize straw fermented product;

(2) preparation of EM nutrient solution: after EM stoste, molasses and distilled water are mixed, constant temperature culture, adjusts pH to 3.5-4.5, obtains EM nutrient solution;

(3) preparation of reusable seedling medium: after maize straw fermented product, perlite and bacterium slag mix, spray EM nutrient solution on its surface, obtain.

Wherein, in step (1), the weight ratio of described maize straw, water and cow dung is (5-10): (15-25): 1, and preferably, be 8:20:1; Thereby make nutrition more balanced, be applicable to seedling early growth, be also conducive to matrix and reuse simultaneously.

In step (1), fermentation condition is high temperature 65-75 ℃ of fermentation 6-8 days, middle temperature 50-60 ℃ of fermentation 10-15 days, normal temperature afterripening fermentation 75-85 days, the preferred 20-30 ℃ of described normal temperature temperature.

In step (2), each component volume parts is: EM stoste 5-15 part, molasses 5-15 part, distilled water 75-90 part; Thereby make nutrition more balanced, be applicable to seedling early growth.

In step (2), culture temperature is 25-30 ℃, and incubation time is 5-10 days.

In step (3), the volume ratio of described maize straw fermented product, perlite, bacterium slag and EM nutrient solution is (6-10): (3-5): (1-3): 1, and preferably, be 8:4:2:1; Thereby make nutrition more balanced, be applicable to seedling early growth, be also conducive to matrix and reuse simultaneously.

Beneficial effect: reusable seedling medium raw material sources provided by the invention are abundant, with low cost, balanced in nutrition, can meet the nutritional needs of growing seedlings, simultaneously because fermented product is EM nutritive medium, reuses effect better.The present invention takes full advantage of agriculture waste resource, can alleviate disease and pest, greatly improves the seedling rate of the recycling of matrix in Chinese cabbage, tomato seedling.

Preparation method's technique of reusable seedling medium provided by the invention is simple, with low cost, easy to operate, and production efficiency is high.

Accompanying drawing explanation

Fig. 1 is the reusable seedling medium preparation method's of the present invention schema.

Embodiment

According to following embodiment, the present invention may be better understood.Yet, those skilled in the art will readily understand, the described concrete material proportion of embodiment, processing condition and result thereof be only for the present invention is described, and should also can not limit the present invention described in detail in claims.

Described in the present invention, raw material sources are as follows:

Embodiment 1

Seedling medium formula: the volume ratio of maize straw fermented product, perlite, agaricus bisporus mushroom slag and EM nutrient solution is 8:4:2:1.

Its preparation method, is shown in Fig. 1, and technique is as follows:

(1) preparation of maize straw fermented product: maize straw, water and cow dung after pulverizing are put into small-sized temperature controlled fermentation equipment by weight 8:20:1,70 ℃ of fermentations of high temperature 7 days, 55 ℃ of fermentations of middle temperature 14 days, 20-30 ℃ of normal temperature afterripening fermentation 80d, takes out and dries.Product reduces pH and EC value through drip washing, and nutritive ingredient can fully be absorbed by seedling, adopts saturated extraction, by tunning drip washing to pH 6.5 left and right, EC 2.5mscm ^-1left and right, takes out and is placed on plastics film, under ventilation state, dries;

(2) preparation of EM nutrient solution: by the raw material blending of following volume ratio: 8 parts of EM stostes, 10 parts, molasses, 82 parts of distilled water, put into 28 ℃ of constant incubators and cultivate after 7 days, take out stand-byly, adjust PH to 3.5-4.5;

(3) preparation of reusable seedling medium: maize straw, perlite, agaricus bisporus mushroom slag are first mixed according to 8:4:2 volume, then spray the EM nutrient solution of 1 volume with atomizer on its surface.

Embodiment 2

Seedling medium formula: the volume ratio of maize straw fermented product, perlite, golden mushroom slag and EM nutrient solution is 6:5:1:1.

Its preparation method, is shown in Fig. 1, and technique is as follows:

(1) preparation of maize straw fermented product: maize straw, water and cow dung after pulverizing are put into small-sized temperature controlled fermentation equipment by weight 5:15:1,75 ℃ of fermentations of high temperature 6 days, 60 ℃ of fermentations of middle temperature 10 days, 20-30 ℃ of normal temperature afterripening fermentation 85d, takes out and dries.Product reduces pH and EC value through drip washing, and nutritive ingredient can fully be absorbed by seedling, adopts saturated extraction, by tunning drip washing to pH 6.5 left and right, EC 2.5mscm ^-1left and right, takes out and is placed on plastics film, under ventilation state, dries;

(2) preparation of EM nutrient solution: by the raw material blending of following volume ratio: 5 parts of EM stostes, 15 parts, molasses, 70 parts of distilled water, put into 25 ℃ of constant incubators and cultivate after 10 days, take out stand-byly, adjust pH to 3.5-4.5;

(3) preparation of reusable seedling medium: maize straw, perlite, golden mushroom slag are first mixed according to 6:5:1 volume, then spray the EM nutrient solution of 1 volume with atomizer on its surface.

Embodiment 3

Seedling medium formula: the mixture of maize straw fermented product, perlite, agaricus bisporus mushroom slag and golden mushroom slag and the volume ratio of EM nutrient solution are 10:3:3:1.

Its preparation method, is shown in Fig. 1, and technique is as follows:

(1) preparation of maize straw fermented product: maize straw, water and cow dung after pulverizing are put into small-sized temperature controlled fermentation equipment by weight 10:25:1,65 ℃ of fermentations of high temperature 8 days, 50 ℃ of fermentations of middle temperature 10 days, 20-30 ℃ of normal temperature afterripening fermentation 75d, takes out and dries.Product reduces pH and EC value through drip washing, and nutritive ingredient can fully be absorbed by seedling, adopts saturated extraction, by tunning drip washing to pH 6.5 left and right, EC 2.5mscm ^-1left and right, takes out and is placed on plastics film, under ventilation state, dries;

(2) preparation of EM nutrient solution: by the raw material blending of following volume ratio: 15 parts of EM stostes, 5 parts, molasses, 90 parts of distilled water, put into 30 ℃ of constant incubators and cultivate after 5 days, take out stand-byly, adjust PH to 3.5-4.5;

(3) preparation of reusable seedling medium: the mixture of maize straw, perlite and agaricus bisporus mushroom slag golden mushroom slag is first mixed according to 0:3:3 volume, then spray the EM nutrient solution of 1 volume with atomizer on its surface.

Embodiment 4

Test:

After the matrix of embodiment 1 is planted to a season flue-cured tobacco, regather, with this, make Chinese cabbage and tomato seedling substrate, plant 12 batches of substrate seedlings after the season, seedling rate is in Table 1.T1-T6 is that Chinese cabbage seeds is grown seedlings, and T7-T12 is that tomato seeds is grown seedlings.

Table a kind is planted the substrate seedling seedling rate after the season

	T1	T2	T3	T4	T5	T6	T7	T8	T9	T10	T11	T12
													Plantation	100	100	100	100	100	100	100	100	100	100	100	100
Emerge	90	93	92	91	94	95	93	91	90	92	91	93
													Seedling rate	90%	93%	92%	91%	94%	95%	93%	91%	90%	92%	91%	93%

After matrix is collected after above-mentioned T1 is grown seedlings, with this, make Chinese cabbage and tomato seedling substrate, grow seedlings 12 batches, plant matrix seedling rate after two seasons in Table 2.S1-S6 is that Chinese cabbage seeds is grown seedlings, and S7-S12 is that tomato seeds is grown seedlings.

Table 2 kind is planted the substrate seedling seedling rate after two seasons

	S1	S2	S3	S4	S5	S6	S7	S8	S9	S10	S11	S12
													Plantation	100	100	100	100	100	100	100	100	100	100	100	100
Emerge	89	91	88	88	90	91	93	87	89	91	88	89
													Seedling rate	89%	91%	88%	88%	90%	91%	93%	87%	89%	91%	88%	89%

Claims

1. a reusable seedling medium, is characterized in that: comprise maize straw fermented product, perlite, bacterium slag and EM nutrient solution; The volume ratio of described maize straw fermented product, perlite, bacterium slag and EM nutrient solution is (6-10): (3-5): (1-3): 1; Described maize straw fermented product is the tunning of maize straw, cow dung and water, and the weight ratio of described maize straw, water and cow dung is (5-10): (15-25): 1; Described bacterium slag is selected from one or both in agaricus bisporus mushroom slag and golden mushroom slag; Described EM nutrient solution comprises the component of following volume ratio: EM stoste 5-15 part, molasses 5-15 part, distilled water 75-90 part, pH is 3.5-4.5.

2. the preparation method of reusable seedling medium claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: comprise the following steps:

(1) preparation of maize straw fermented product: after corn straw smashing, with cow dung, water mixed fermentation, oven dry, drip washing, dry, obtain maize straw fermented product; The weight ratio of described maize straw, water and cow dung is (5-10): (15-25): 1; Fermentation condition is 65-75 ℃ of fermentation 6-8 days, 50-60 ℃ of fermentation 10-15 days, normal temperature afterripening fermentation 75-85 days;

(2) preparation of EM nutrient solution: after EM stoste, molasses and distilled water are mixed, constant temperature culture, adjust pH, to 3.5-4.5, obtains EM nutrient solution; Each component volume parts is: EM stoste 5-15 part, molasses 5-15 part, distilled water 75-90 part; Culture temperature is 25-30 ℃, and incubation time is 5-10 days;

(3) preparation of reusable seedling medium: after maize straw fermented product, perlite and bacterium slag mix, spray EM nutrient solution on its surface, obtain; The volume ratio of described maize straw fermented product, perlite, bacterium slag and EM nutrient solution is (6-10): (3-5): (1-3): 1.