CN102845650B - Chinese herbal medicine feed additive for enhancing growth and preventing diseases of carp - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a Chinese herbal medicine feed additive for enhancing the growth and preventing diseases of carp, comprising the following components in parts by weight: 2-4 parts of malt, 2-4 parts of medicated leaven, 2-4 parts of pericarpium citri reticulatae, 2-4 parts of zeolite, 2-3 parts of sea buckthorn, 2-3 parts of garlic, 1-2 parts of acorus calamus, 2-3 parts of gallnut, 1-2 parts of eucalyptus leaves, 1-2 parts of summer purslane, 1-2 parts of red-knees herb and 1-2 parts of ruddle. The Chinese herbal medicine feed additive is used for culturing the carp, enhancing the growth of the carp, and is good in disease-preventing effect, low in cost and convenient to use.

Description

The short long diseases prevention Chinese herbal feed additive of carp

Technical field

The present invention relates to the Chinese herbal feed additive that carp culture is used, be specifically related to the short long diseases prevention Chinese herbal feed additive of a kind of carp.

Background technology

Along with improving constantly of people's living standard, the demand of aquatic products is increased day by day, the culture fishery development is rapidly.Simultaneously, the aquatic animal disease that constantly breaks out brings heavy economic losses to aquaculture, and widely applies for a long time chemicals and antibiotics, and is more and more obvious to toxic and side effect and medicament residue that aquatic products produce.Chinese herbal medicine has overcome the defect of chemicals and antibiotics, is used as in the non-nuisance that green medicine is applied to fish increasingly extensively.Advocate " green product " at present, under the new situation, the application prospect of Chinese herbal medicine will be more extensive to healthy aquaculture comprehensively.Although prior art discloses the Chinese herbal feed additive for fish culture, but exist cost high, the carp of the problem that result of use is not fully up to expectations, particularly, cultivation enormous amount wide for the cultivation scope, there is no suitable Chinese herbal feed additive at present.

Summary of the invention

The object of the invention is to for the problems referred to above, provide a kind of cost low, easy to use, diseases prevention, cure the disease effectively, can effectively promote carp growth, strengthen the short long diseases prevention Chinese herbal feed additive of carp of immunity of organisms.

Technical scheme of the present invention is: the short long diseases prevention Chinese herbal feed additive of a kind of carp, and it is made by the raw material of following weight proportioning: Fructus Hordei Germinatus 2-4 part, Divine Comedy 2-4 part, dried orange peel 2-4 part, zeolite 2-4 part, sea-buckthorn 2-3 part, garlic 2-3 part, calamus 1-2 part, Chinese gall 2-3 part, eucalyptus leaves 1-2 part, Herba portulacae 1-2 part, polygonum flaccidum 1-2 part, raddle 1-2 part.

The preferred feedstock weight proportion of the short long diseases prevention Chinese herbal feed additive of carp of the present invention is: 4 parts, Fructus Hordei Germinatus, 3 parts of Divine Comedy, 4 parts of dried orange peels, 4 parts, zeolite, 3 parts of sea-buckthorns, 2 parts, garlic, 2 parts of calamus, 2 parts, Chinese gall, 2 parts of eucalyptus leaveses, 2 parts of Herba portulacaes, 1 part of polygonum flaccidum, 1 part of raddle.

In prescription of the present invention, the each component pharmacological effect is:

The Fructus Hordei Germinatus effect: Fructus Hordei Germinatus has another name called fructus hordei germinatus, for grass " barley " ripening fruits obtains through the drying of germinateing.Distinguish the flavor of sweet, property is flat.Return spleen, stomach warp.Mainly contain α-and beta amylase, catalyzing enzyme, peroxidating isomerase.Separately contain hordenine, fructus hordei germinatus guanidine alkali A, B, adenine, choline, protein, amino acid, vitamin D, D, E, cromoci.This product contains digestive ferment and Cobastab, and digestion-aid effect is arranged.The Fructus Hordei Germinatus decoction seemingly has slight facilitation to hydrochloric acid in gastric juice and pepsic secretion.Contained hordenine A and B have antifungal activity.Promote qi circulation digestion promoting is arranged, spleen benefiting and stimulating the appetite, the effect of dissipate-swelling.Be used for dyspepsia and do not disappear, Appetizing spleen-tonifying, change the place food, except diseases such as turgors.

Divine Comedy effect: Divine Comedy another name Medicated Leaven, six songs.For after the medicines such as polygonum flaccidum, sweet wormwood, almond add flour or wheat bran mixed, the herbal leaven that forms through fermentation.Warm in nature, distinguish the flavor of sweet, hot.Return spleen, stomach warp.Contain saccharomycete, amylase, vitamin B complex, ergosterol, protein and fat, volatilization wet goods.Because containing volume saccharomycete and B family vitamin, also contain multiple B family vitamin in cerevisin,, therefore this product has the effect of B family vitamin sample, as improves a poor appetite, keep normal stool function etc.Reinforcing spleen to promote digestion is arranged, regulating QI to expel dampness, the effect of inducing sweat.Be used for getting ill from overeating the feeling of stuffiness in chest, stomachache is vomited and diarrhoea, dysentery etc.

Dried orange peel effect: dried orange peel another name orange peel, expensive old, red skin, yellow orange peel, wide orange peel, PERICARPIUM CITRI RETICULATAE, orange peel, citrus chachiensis hortorum.Maturate peel for rutaceae orange and variety thereof.Warm in nature, flavor is hot, bitter.Return the spleen channel, stomach warp, lung channel.Contain volatile oil, in oil, Main Ingredients and Appearance is the D-citrene, also contains beta-myrcene, α-reach nopinene etc., separately contains flavonoids composition hesperidine, neohesperidin, naringenin, dihydro Nobiletin and 5-and removes first dihydro Nobiletin.The hot loose logical temperature of these product, fragrant odour, regulate the flow of vital energy into the spleen lung, and the loose lung qi of row, during promoting the circulation of qi is wide.In regulating qi-flowing for strengthening spleen is arranged, transferring, the effect of eliminating dampness.Be used for the taste stagnation of the circulation of vital energy, distention and fullness in the abdomen or pain, indigestion.

The zeolite effect: zeolite is a kind of ore.The crystal structure of zeolite is to be linked to be three-dimensional screen work by silicon (aluminium) oxygen tetrahedron, and hole of all sizes and passage are arranged in screen work, has very large opening.Alkali metal or alkaline-earth metal ions and hydrone are distributed in hole and passage, with screen work contact a little less than.Different ion-exchange is very little on zeolite structured impact, but the character of zeolite is changed.The cavity that varies in size that exists in lattice, can draw or filter the molecule of other materials that vary in size.Industrial often with it as molecular sieve, to purify or to separate the material of blending constituent.Zeolite is a lot of apertures, tubulose duct and the very large hole of internal surface area, thereby absorption, screening, exchange zwitterion and catalytic performance with uniqueness uniformly because inside has.It can absorb ammoniacal nitrogen in water, organic matter and heavy metal ion, can effectively reduce hydrogen sulfide toxicity at the bottom of pond, regulates the pH value, increase oxygen in water, for phytoplankton growth provides sufficient carbon element, improve the water body intensity of photosynthesis, be also a kind of good trace-element fertilizer simultaneously.Zeolite contains fish growth and grows necessary multiple macroelement and trace element, and these elements exist mainly with exchangeable ion state and soluble base form, more easily are absorbed and used, and also have simultaneously the multiple catalytic action of biology enzyme.Therefore, the application zeolite has and enhances metabolism in fish feed, promotes growth, strengthens premunition, improves survival rate, regulates body fluid and the osmotic pressure of animal, keeps acid-base balance, and the effect that purifies water, also have certain mildew-proof function.

Sea-buckthorn effect: sea-buckthorn another name Da Er, arrow-leaved oleaster, fructus hippophae, acid thorn, black thorn, yellow acid thorn, acid thorn thorn etc.Sea-buckthorn is the general designation of plant and its fruit.The plant sea-buckthorn is the Elaeangnaceae Hippophne, is a kind of fallen leaves shrub.Flavor acid, puckery, warm in nature.Return the spleen channel, stomach warp, lung channel, the heart channel of Hang-Shaoyin.Sea buckthorn fruit contains the flavonoids composition, is mainly Isorhamnetin, and rutin, astragalin and Quercetin and Kaempferol are the low glucoside of glucoside unit; Also contain vitamin A, B1, B2, C, E, dehydroascorbic acid, folic acid, carrotene, carotenoid, cachou extract, anthocyanidin etc.The seed oil-containing, wherein aliphatic acid is palmitic acid, stearic acid, oleic acid, linoleic acid, leukotrienes; Non-saponification partly has the maize xanthin, kryptoxanthin, and a-, γ-and δ-carrotene, sitosterol, cupreol-β-D-Glucose glucoside, and phosphatide.Skin contains serotonin, the glucose frangulin.Leaf contains ascorbic acid, dehydroascorbic acid, Isorhamnetin carrotene.The root skin closes alkaloid, root nodule chloride containing ferroheme.The effect that stomach strengthening and digestion promoting, promoting blood circulation to remove blood stasis are arranged.Be used for indigestion, dyspeptic abdominalgia, gastroenteritis etc.

The garlic effect: garlic another name garlic, the head of garlic, only garlic, giant garlic are Liliaceae allium herbaceos perennial.Flavor is hot, temperature.Return spleen, stomach, lung channel.Effective ingredient contains protein, fat, carbohydrate, calcium, phosphorus, iron, vitamin C.In addition, also contain the trace elements such as thiamine, riboflavin, niacin, allicin, citral and selenium and germanium.Also contain volatile oil, in oil, Main Ingredients and Appearance is allicin.Still contain the sulfide compound of multiple pi-allyl, propyl group and methyl composition etc.In garlic, sulfur-containing compound has strong antibacterial and anti-inflammation functions, and multiple coccus, bacillus, fungi and virus etc. all had and suppress and killing action, is the strongest a kind of of antibacterial action in the natural plants of finding at present.But the growth of the element inhibition tumor cells such as the germanium in garlic and selenium and cancer cell.Garlic can effectively suppress and kill the bacterial viruses such as helicobacter pylori that cause gastrointestinal disease, removes the stomach noxious material, and the stimulating gastrointestinal mucous membrane promotes appetite, accelerates digestion.Also can treat furuncle, carbuncle, hemolytic streptococcal gangrene, meningococcal infection, staphylococosis, bronchus and pulmonary candidiasis, gastrointestinal candidiasis, dermal leishmaniasis, tokoplasmosis, trypanosomiasis etc.The effect that has detoxifcation desinsection, swelling and pain relieving, antidiarrheal to stop dysentery, expelling parasite.Be used for that swollen ulcer drug, dysentery are had loose bowels, roundworm pinworm, eating accumulation, oedema turgor, promoting the circulation of qi disappear long-pending, desinsection detoxifcation.Also be used for enteritis, eating accumulation, the swollen sore of carbuncle.

The calamus effect: calamus has another name called smelly calamus, rhizoma calami, mud calamus, Da Ye calamus, calamus.For aquatic herbaceous plant for many years.Warm in nature, flavor is hot, bitter.The thoughts of returning home, stomach warp.Contain α-, beta-Asarone, cis-Methylisoeugenol, methyl eugenol, calamus enediol, calamus helicene ketone, acolamone, acorone, the large bull ketone of calamus, acorone, isoacrone etc.The effect that a surname's gas, detoxifcation, desinsection, stomach invigorating are arranged.Be used for abdominal distension, enteritis, epizoon etc.

The Chinese gall effect: Chinese gall has another name called hundred worm storehouses, fermented Chinese gall herb and tea leaves, gall, for the angle times aphid of Homoptera aphid section or the female worm of melaphis peitan Tsai et Tang parasitize Anacardiaceae plant " Chinese sumac " and belong to tender leaf or the petiole of other plant together, stab and generate a kind of cryptomere consor thing insect gall, gained after baking times drying.Flavor acid, puckery, cold in nature.Return lung, large intestine, kidney channel.Contain Gallotannin, namely gallotannic acid, separately contain gallic acid, resin, wax, starch, fat etc.Because wherein contained tannic acid has precipitation to protein, after skin, mucous membrane, ulcer contact tannic acid, its tissue protein namely is solidified, and causes one deck tunicle and is astriction, also oppressed contraction of little blood vessel simultaneously, blood clotting and play hemostasia effect; Tannic acid can form not dissolved compound with some metals, alkaloid or glucoside, thereby as antidote.Tannic acid is because its astriction alleviates intestinal inflammatory, therefore can prevent diarrhoea.In vitro test all has significantly antibacterial or bactericidal action to staphylococcus aureus, streptococcus, pneumococcus and typhoid fever, paratyphoid, dysentery, anthrax, diphtheria, Pseudomonas aeruginosa etc.Tannic acid can form insoluble compound with a lot of heavy metal ion, alkaloid and glucoside, therefore can be used as chemical antidote.The effect that puckery intestines, hemostasis, detoxifcation are arranged.Be used for that protracted dysentery is rushed down for a long time, various hemorrhage, the swollen sore furuncle of carbuncle etc.

The eucalyptus leaves effect: eucalyptus leaves is also named the You Jiali tree, is the special food of koala, often is used to refine pest repellant, deodorant.Warm in nature, bitter.Return lung, stomach, spleen, Liver Channel.Leaf and Hua Jun contain volatile oil, and its Main Ingredients and Appearance is 1, 8-Cineole, firpene, aromadendrene, cumaldehyde, pinocarveol and 1-acetyl-4-isopropylidene cyclopentene etc.Leaf contains again rutin, quercitrin, Quercetin, L(+)-homoserine, also separate eucalyptin.Bark contains tannin.From the tar that this plant obtains, contain guaiacol.Eucalyptus essential oil maximum effect in application is all effective to various inflammation and fever.The eucalyptus essential oil is one of best bactericide, and very strong sterilizing power is arranged, and also has simultaneously the effect that reduces mucus viscosity in body, can relax the inflammation phenomenon and make mucous membrane comfortable.Can be used for dysentery, enteritis, mange, eczema, carbuncle pyogenic infections from tumour or sore etc.

The Herba portulacae effect: Herba portulacae another name long life dish, five-element's grass, peaceful and comfortable dish, purslane, horse special vegetables, acid rice dish, longevity greens/mustard green etc. are the herb of dicotyledon medicine portulacaceous plant purslane.Cold in nature, flavor acid.Return large intestine, liver, the spleen channel.Herb contains a large amount of noradrenalins and volume sylvite potassium nitrate, potassium chloride, potassium sulfate etc.In addition, still contain dihydroxy benzenes ethamine, dihydroxyphenylalanine, malic acid, citric acid, glutamic acid, aspartic acid, alanine and sucrose, glucose, fructose etc.Herb still contains alkaloid, Coumarins, flavonoids, cardiac glycoside and anthraquinone glycoside, still contains vitamin A, B1, B2, PP, C, carrotene, calcium, phosphorus, molysite and saponin, tannin, resin, fat, urea element etc.Aerial part also contains vitamin E, mucous matter in leaf.The wax of leaf and stem is comprised of hydro carbons, ester class, acids, alcohols etc.Plant polyose and vitamin can be tending towards normally with the epithelial physiological function of promotion by the lubricated skin of nutrition, reduce dry dead skin and the cuticular generation that causes; Amino acid, can the vasoconstriction smooth muscle, the skin and suppress the dry skin itching that causes of can releiving; Flavones and saponin can remove free radical and anti-oxidant, delay skin aging; Alkaloid and flavones can antibiotic and inhibition Common Pathogenic dermatophytes.Have clearing heat and detoxicating, the effect of hemostasis.Be used for acute, subacute dermatitis and enteritis, bacillary dysentery, treatment pyogenic infections from tumour or sore, damage by worms bite, eczema, hookworm disease etc.

The polygonum flaccidum effect: the peppery horse knotweed of polygonum flaccidum another name, capsicum grass, blue or green knotweed, bat grass, peppery willow herb, hairy knotweed herb or root are the dry herb of polygonaceae plant volt hair knotweed.Flavor is hot, and is warm in nature.Return lung, liver, large intestine channel.Contain glycoside and tannin.Liquid extract and extract thereof have stronger inhibitory action to staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, hemolytic streptococcus etc.Removing toxicity for detumescence is arranged, the effect of killing parasites to relieve itshing.Be used for dysentery, gastroenteritis, diarrhoea; Skin eczema etc. is controlled in external application.

The raddle effect: raddle has another name called palpus ball, red soil, fourth head for reddish brown, blood teacher, purple Zhu, ochre etc., and flavor is hot and bitter, and is cold.Return liver, stomach, heart born of the same parents warp.Contain di-iron trioxide, and contain the impurity such as silicon, aluminium, titanium, magnesium, manganese, calcium, lead, arsenic.The You Pinggan town is contrary, the effect of cooling blood and hemostasis.Be used for gas vomit contrary, frightened epilepsy etc.

Prescription foundation of the present invention: Chinese herbal medicine contains various bioactivators and natural nutrient substance, can promote the synthetic of fish organism metabolism and protein and enzyme, improves immunity and the anti-stress ability of body, promotes the growth of fish.Fructus Hordei Germinatus, Divine Comedy, dried orange peel tool promote qi circulation digestion promoting in side, the effect of spleen benefiting and stimulating the appetite; Dried orange peel, the special smell of garlic, also have food calling, an effect of improving a poor appetite; Sea-buckthorn, garlic, calamus, Chinese gall, eucalyptus leaves, Herba portulacae, polygonum flaccidum, but raddle antiviral property, bacillary, fungoid and parasite type disease; Zeolite has unique absorption, screening, exchange zwitterion performance, can effectively reduce hydrogen sulfide toxicity at the bottom of pond, regulates pH value, increases oxygen in water, and raising water body intensity of photosynthesis, can purify water; And in prescription, each bulk drug itself contains certain nutriment, and each seed amino acid that contains as bulk drug, vitamin, trace element etc., can improve the nutrition of feed, improves food conversion ratio; In prescription all medicine phases and, can promote appetite, anti-inflammation, desinsection benefit body, improve immunity of organisms and resistance against diseases, the growth of accelerating fish.

The short long diseases prevention Chinese herbal feed additive of carp of the present invention, be on the basis of having carried out a large amount of practical applications,, according to the traditional medicine ancient prescription, in conjunction with physiology of fishes and immunologic theoretical screening, forms.Raw material sources used herein are extensive, low price, and simultaneously, the production technology of feed addictive of the present invention is very simple.The present invention joins in feed and uses as feed addictive.The present invention is used for carp culture, short long, protection effect is good, easy to use, cost is low.

The specific embodiment

The invention will be further described below in conjunction with embodiment.

Embodiment:

1, take respectively raw material: Fructus Hordei Germinatus 200, Divine Comedy 150, dried orange peel 200, zeolite 200, sea-buckthorn 150, garlic 100, calamus 100, Chinese gall 100, eucalyptus leaves 100, Herba portulacae 100, polygonum flaccidum 50, raddle 50g;

2, above-mentioned raw materials is ground into respectively powder, crosses 100 mesh sieves, mix, the short long diseases prevention Chinese herbal feed additive of carp of the present invention.

During the short long diseases prevention Chinese herbal feed additive application of carp of the present invention, by 0.5%, 1%, 2% of feed consumption, evenly sneak in powdery compound feed, be reprocessed into particulate material and throw something and feed, day bait throwing in 2-3 time, culture experiment continued for 8 weeks.Feed addictive of the present invention on the impact of carp rate of body weight gain in Table 1, feed addictive of the present invention on thick nutrient composition content impact in the carp fresh meat in Table 2.

The affect unit of table 1 feed addictive of the present invention on carp rate of body weight gain and feed efficiency: g, %

Group name	Initial average heavy	Final average heavy	Average net gain	Average growth rate
					Do not add feed addictive group of the present invention	144.00±5.50	162.10±7.50	18.10±7.50	12.57±6.20
0.5% group of feed addictive of the present invention	149.00±5.50	170.00±11.50	21.00±12.50	14.90±8.30
					1% group of feed addictive of the present invention	150.00±5.90	180.50±5.00	30.50±1.60	20.30±1.20
2% group of feed addictive of the present invention	151.50±7.20	180.20±7.20	30.70±4.90	20.26±3.00

Annotate: rate of body weight gain=(end weight-first starting weight)/first starting weight * 100%

Observe the carp body condition that does not add feed addictive group of the present invention and add feed addictive group of the present invention, used feed addictive group carp skin Lightening of the present invention, glossiness and brightness all are better than not adding feed addictive group of the present invention.As can be seen from Table 1, add feed addictive of the present invention the carp average growth rate is increased, to add 1% feed addictive group average growth rate of the present invention, improve maximum, effect is best.

Table 2 feed addictive of the present invention affects unit to thick nutrient composition content in the carp fresh meat: %

Group name	Moisture	Ash content	Protein	Fat
					Do not add feed addictive group of the present invention	79.76	1.75	16.24	2.25
Add 0.5% feed addictive group of the present invention	79.10	1.70	17.00	2.20
					Add 1% feed addictive group of the present invention	78.90	1.44	17.50	2.16
Add 2% feed addictive group of the present invention	79.02	1.42	17.51	2.05

As can be seen from Table 2, the carp of not adding feed addictive group of the present invention and interpolation 0.5%, 1%, 2% feed addictive group of the present invention carries out the detection of the various nutritional labelings of fresh meat, protein content all increases, comprehensive each protein, fat, ash grade composition and feed addictive cost of the present invention, result shows, add 1% feed addictive group of the present invention and do not add feed addictive group of the present invention and compare, moisture and fat have reduced respectively 0.86% and 0.09%, ash content has reduced by 0.31%, and protein has improved 1.26%.Best with 1% group of effect.Add feed addictive group of the present invention carp is had good gaining effect, in the situation that the raising condition is identical, add 1% test group of the present invention than not adding of the present invention group of carp weightening finish 168kg, if by the conversion of carp market price, amount to 2400 yuan of RMB, deduct feed addictive expenses for medicine of the present invention, directly increase income 2100 yuan, if energy spread and application, the economic benefit highly significant.

Claims (2)

1. the short long diseases prevention Chinese herbal feed additive of carp, is characterized in that it is to be made by the raw material of following weight proportioning: Fructus Hordei Germinatus 2-4 part, Divine Comedy 2-4 part, dried orange peel 2-4 part, zeolite 2-4 part, sea-buckthorn 2-3 part, garlic 2-3 part, Calamus 1-2 part, Chinese gall 2-3 part, eucalyptus leaves 1-2 part, purslane 1-2 part, polygonum flaccidum 1-2 part, raddle 1-2 part.

2. the short long diseases prevention Chinese herbal feed additive of carp according to claim 1, is characterized in that it is to be made by the raw material of following weight proportioning: 4 parts, Fructus Hordei Germinatus, 3 parts of Divine Comedy, 4 parts of dried orange peels, 4 parts, zeolite, 3 parts of sea-buckthorns, 2 parts, garlic, 2 parts of Calamus, 2 parts, Chinese gall, 2 parts of eucalyptus leaveses, 2 parts of purslanes, 1 part of polygonum flaccidum, 1 part of raddle.