CN112106886A

CN112106886A - Preparation method of fresh bamboo leaf and herb residue compound feed for feeding livestock

Info

Publication number: CN112106886A
Application number: CN202011055323.2A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 李星海
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2020-09-30
Filing date: 2020-09-30
Publication date: 2020-12-22

Abstract

The invention discloses a preparation method of a fresh bamboo leaf and herb residue compound feed for feeding livestock, which comprises the steps of taking fresh bamboo leaves, drying or drying in the sun, and grinding into powder; uniformly mixing the anaerobic fermentation inoculum and the dregs of a decoction, putting the mixture into a fermentation tank, sealing the fermentation tank for anaerobic fermentation, fermenting the mixture for 4 to 5 days at the temperature of between 24 and 34 ℃, taking out the mixture, drying or drying the mixture in the sun, and grinding the mixture into powder; grinding semen Maydis or bean cake and rapeseed oil cake into powder, mixing with fresh bamboo leaf powder and residue fermented powder, adding starch, and stirring; cooking fresh bamboo leaves and water at high temperature according to the ratio of 1:1, filtering, stirring the obtained cooking liquor and the components, adding attractant, and making into strips or rods; and drying the strip-shaped objects or the rod-shaped objects at the temperature of 60-80 ℃ for 1-2 hours to obtain the compound feed with the water content of 8-12%. The livestock fed by the feed provided by the invention has strong disease resistance and solid meat quality, and the health care effect brought by the medicated diet can be indirectly absorbed by human bodies, so that the immune function of the human bodies is fully improved.

Description

Preparation method of fresh bamboo leaf and herb residue compound feed for feeding livestock

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of preparation of biological feeds for animals, in particular to a preparation method of a mixed feed of fresh bamboo leaves and herb residues for feeding livestock.

Background

At present, driven by economic benefits, some bad vendors have no consideration to national food safety, and use a large amount of hormone-containing feed to feed livestock to produce a large amount of unsafe livestock food. The food which is unsafe to eat has great harm, especially aggravates the early development of children, causes obesity, and has high incidence of various diseases such as three highs of middle-aged and elderly people, and the like, and harms the society, and the broad masses of people want to eat reassurance poultry and livestock, which has become luxurious.

On the one hand, in Anji county, Zhuhailin mountain, Zhejiang province of origin, on the two-mountain theory. In Anji county, Anji county has bamboo forest noodlesProduct is close to 600km²The yield of the moso bamboos is particularly rich, the area of the moso bamboos in the county is 100 ten thousand mu, more than 2000 ten thousand commercial bamboos are harvested in a year, the yield value of the bamboo industry reaches 45 hundred million yuan, and the yield value accounts for more than 30% of the total agricultural yield value. Abundant bamboo resources are to be developed comprehensively, unappealing bamboo leaves have the effects of inducing diuresis to alleviate edema, clearing heat and detoxicating, regulating blood fat, reducing blood viscosity and the like, are good antioxidants and have the effects of regulating human body functions and promoting metabolism. However, in Anji county, about ten thousand tons of bamboo leaves are discarded in one year at present, which causes great waste.

On the other hand, although decoction is carried out on the extracted medicine residues of some health product companies and pharmaceutical factories in the society, effective active ingredients and rare elements contained in the residual medicine residues to be treated are beneficial to life health, however, a large amount of medicine residues are directly discarded, so that not only is the data wasted, but also the environment pollution is caused. Chinese medicine in China plays a great role in the new crown epidemic situation, so people select more and more Chinese medicine for treatment, and the amount of waste medicine residues is more and more.

The applicant filed a patent application with publication number CN 103749968A and name "a Chinese herbal medicine feed additive using bamboo leaves as main raw materials" on 2/12/2014, which disclosed a technical scheme for preparing a feed by matching bamboo leaves and medicine residues, but the simple matching of the bamboo leaves and the medicine residues prevents livestock from effectively absorbing effective active ingredients in the bamboo leaves and the medicine residues, so that the growth performance and the meat quality index of the livestock are not obviously improved.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a preparation method of a compound feed of fresh bamboo leaves and dregs for feeding livestock, waste bamboo leaf resources are utilized, waste dregs are combined to be processed into a medicated diet feed for the livestock, the fed livestock has strong disease resistance, the meat quality is firm and delicious, and the health care effect brought by the medicated diet can be indirectly absorbed by human bodies, so that the human body immunity function can be fully improved.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: a preparation method of a compound feed of fresh bamboo leaves and dregs for feeding livestock comprises the steps of mixing corn or soybean meal, rapeseed oil cakes, fresh bamboo leaves and dregs in proportion, and is characterized by comprising the following specific steps:

step 1: oven drying or sun drying fresh folium Bambusae, and grinding into powder;

step 2: uniformly mixing the anaerobic fermentation inoculum and the dregs, placing the mixture into a fermentation tank, sealing the fermentation tank for anaerobic fermentation, fermenting the mixture for 4 to 5 days at the temperature of between 24 and 34 ℃, taking out the mixture and extruding the mixture to remove fermentation liquor, drying or drying the mixture in the sun, and grinding the mixture into powder;

and step 3: grinding semen Maydis or bean cake and rapeseed oil cake into powder, mixing with fresh bamboo leaf powder and residue fermented powder, adding starch, and stirring;

and 4, step 4: cooking fresh bamboo leaves and water at a high temperature according to a ratio of 1:1, filtering to obtain cooking liquor, stirring the cooking liquor and the components in the step 3, adding an attractant, and preparing into strips or rods;

and 5: and drying the strip-shaped objects or the rod-shaped objects at the temperature of 60-80 ℃ for 1-2 hours to obtain the compound feed with the water content of 8-12%.

Rapeseed oil cake is a byproduct of oil extraction from rapeseed, and contains high protein and amino acid. In recent years, the annual output of rapeseed cakes in China is over 500 ten thousand tons, which is the top of the world, and the rapeseed cakes are an extremely rich feed protein resource. The content of crude protein is 31.5%, and the content of digestible protein is 25.6%. The composition of amino acid is relatively balanced, the content of sulfur-containing amino acid is high, the content of arginine is relatively low, and the content of lysine is relatively low. Amino acid has unique function and function in regulating body nutrition, and the amino acid balance is vital to the healthy growth of animals. Besides providing nutrition and synthesizing residual protein, amino acid also participates in the synthesis of various active substances such as enzyme, polyamine and the like, and is beneficial to the growth of lean meat of poultry and livestock and the improvement of immune function. For example, arginine inhibits the antibody response and mast cell response, plays an important role in the body's ability to fight intracellular pathogen infection, promotes cell regeneration and wound repair, and simultaneously produces polyamines, thereby regulating macrophage function. The content of crude fiber is high, and the calcium content is also high. Phosphorus is higher than calcium and is mostly phytate phosphorus. The microelements contain rich iron, including manganese, zinc, copper and other microelements.

The area of the bamboo forest in China is about 350 ten thousand hectares, and the bamboo forest is an important component of forest resources in China. The bamboo leaves contain water, crude protein, crude fiber, chlorophyll, calcium, phosphorus and other nutrient components. Among them, crude proteins including true proteins and nitrogen-containing substances (amides) are main components constituting cells, blood, bones, muscles, antibodies, hormones, enzymes, milk, hair and various organ tissues, and in farm animals, the supply of proteins should be ensured, and especially, young cows and milk-producing cows in the growing period should be satisfied sufficiently. The crude fiber is a main component of plant cell walls and comprises cellulose, hemicellulose, lignin, cutin and other components, and eating food containing the crude fiber can promote gastrointestinal movement and help digestion to a certain extent. The high-temperature cooking liquor of the bamboo leaves contains effective components such as chlorophyll, flavone, phenolic acid, polysaccharide, tea polyphenol, aromatic components, amino acid trace elements and the like, wherein the chlorophyll has multiple purposes of hematopoiesis, vitamin provision, detoxification, disease resistance and the like; the flavonoids compounds have the function of eliminating free radicals in vivo, and have pharmacological effects of resisting tumor, preventing angiosclerosis, etc.; the polysaccharide is an important physiological active ingredient, and has good immune enhancement effect and anti-tumor activity on human bodies and animals; the tea polyphenol is an ideal natural antioxidant, the content is rich, and the content of the tea polyphenol extracted from the bamboo leaves can reach 70 percent; the aromatic components mainly comprise aldehyde, alcohol, furan and ketone, and are the material basis of the bamboo leaf faint scent; the bamboo leaves are rich in macroelements such as Fe, Ca, Si and the like and microelements such as Mn, Cu and the like, and have the functions of relaxing bowels and promoting the growth of human or animal bones. Besides, the bamboo leaves also have the effect of relieving fever, and the effective components for relieving fever can be dissolved in water. The bamboo leaves also have the function of diuresis, and can obviously increase the excretion of chloride in urine while promoting the diuresis. The folium Bambusae also has antibacterial effect, and the decoction prepared from the folium Bambusae can inhibit Staphylococcus aureus and hemolytic streptococcus. The bamboo leaf extract has good technological characteristics, is easy to dissolve in hot water, has high water and heat stability and has good processing adaptability.

Preferably, the residue contains one or more of radix Glehniae, rhizoma Bletillae, Atractylodis rhizoma, radix Paeoniae alba, herba plantaginis, folium Eucommiae, radix Codonopsis, fructus Rosae Laevigatae, Notoginseng radix, Corni fructus, rhizoma Gastrodiae, radix astragali, herba Leonuri, radix Angelicae sinensis, Ginseng radix, Polygoni Multiflori radix, and radix Isatidis. Of course, it is understood that the herb residue is not limited to the above examples, and any herbs that are beneficial to animal body and have health care effects may be used.

The coastal glehnia root is used as a medicine, is a common clinical yin-nourishing medicine, and has the effects of nourishing yin, clearing away the lung-heat, eliminating phlegm and relieving cough.

And (3) harvesting rhizoma bletillae when stem leaves wither in 9-10 months per year, removing fibrous roots, cleaning, boiling in boiling water or steaming until no white heart exists, drying in the sun to be semi-dry, removing outer skins, and drying in the sun. Has the functions of astringing to stop bleeding, eliminating swelling, promoting granulation and inhibiting bacteria.

Bighead atractylodes rhizome, rhizoma Atractylodis Macrocephalae, a medicinal herb with the function of activating the spleen, is bitter, warm, pungent and strong in property and taste, and has the effects of drying dampness, resolving turbidity and relieving pain.

White peony root, bitter, sour, sweet, slightly cold; can be used for treating blood deficiency or yin deficiency.

The plantain herb is sweet in taste and cold in nature, has the effects of promoting urination, clearing heat, improving eyesight and eliminating phlegm, and can be eaten by young plants.

The eucommia leaves have the same effective components and pharmacological action as eucommia bark, about more than 70 organic compounds are separated and identified, and not less than 15 inorganic mineral elements are selected from iridoid, lignanoid, flavonoid, gutta percha, phenylpropanoids, phenols, amino acid, polysaccharide, fatty acid and vitamin, so that the eucommia leaves are nontoxic, can promote animal growth, and improve meat quality and flavor.

The codonopsis pilosula is a commonly used traditional tonifying medicine in China and has the effects of tonifying middle-jiao and Qi, strengthening spleen and benefiting lung. Radix Codonopsis has effects of enhancing immunity, lowering blood pressure, improving microcirculation, and enhancing hemopoiesis.

Fructus Rosae Laevigatae, root bark containing tannin can be used for preparing tannin extract, and fruit can be used for decocting sugar and brewing wine. The root, the leaf and the fruit are all used as medicines, and the root has the efficacies of promoting blood circulation, dissipating blood stasis, expelling wind and removing dampness, detoxifying, astringing, killing insects and the like; it can be used for relieving diarrhea and inhibiting influenza virus.

Pseudo-ginseng, rhizome and fleshy root are rare traditional Chinese medicines and have the effects of diminishing inflammation, relieving pain and nourishing. Flowers and leaves also have the effect of clearing heat.

Dogwood contains 16 kinds of amino acids in its pulp and contains a large amount of elements essential to the human body. In addition, the composition contains physiologically active sapogenin sugar, polysaccharide, malic acid, tartaric acid, phenols, resin, tannin, vitamin A, C, etc. It has sour and astringent taste, and has effects of nourishing, invigorating stomach, promoting urination, nourishing liver and kidney, and invigorating qi and blood.

Rhizoma Gastrodiae containing gastrodine, gastrodine aglycone, beta-sitosterol, daucosterol, citric acid, monomethyl ester, palmitic acid, succinic acid, sucrose, etc.; it also contains rhizoma Gastrodiae polysaccharide, vitamin A, various amino acids, trace alkaloids, and various trace elements such as chromium, manganese, ferrum, cobalt, nickel, copper, and zinc. Has effects of calming endogenous wind, relieving spasm, suppressing liver yang, dispelling pathogenic wind, and dredging collaterals.

Radix astragali contains calycosin, 3-hydroxy-9, 10-dimethoxy rosewood alkane, and astragalosides I, V, and III. Tonify qi, strengthen superficies, expel toxin, expel pus, induce diuresis, and promote granulation. Has effects in removing toxic materials and invigorating qi.

Herba Leonuri, fresh product collected from young seedling stage in spring to early summer flower stage; collecting the dried product in summer when stem and leaf flourish, flower do not bloom or bloom, sun-drying, or cutting and sun-drying. Has effects of promoting blood circulation, promoting urination, relieving swelling, and clearing away heat and toxic materials.

Dang Gui is one of the most commonly used Chinese herbs because its root can be used as a medicine. Has effects in invigorating qi, regulating blood, moistening dryness, smoothing intestine, resisting cancer, enhancing immunity, and inhibiting bacteria.

Ginseng, the fleshy root of which is a tonic, is suitable for regulating blood pressure, neurasthenia and physical weakness, and also has the efficacy of eliminating phlegm, invigorating stomach and the like.

The tuber fleeceflower root, radix polygoni multiflori, used as a medicine, can nourish blood, activate collaterals and detoxify, is a common precious Chinese medicinal material.

Radix Isatidis is dried root of Isatis tinctoria of Brassicaceae, is a common Chinese medicinal material, and contains indirubin, (R, S) -goitrin, indigo, indole-3-acetonitrile, etc., wherein (R, S) -goitrin is the main active ingredient with antibacterial and antiviral effects, indole-3-acetonitrile has antibacterial and insecticidal effects, and aromatic compounds such as salicylic acid, benzoic acid, syringic acid, anthranilic acid, etc. in radix Isatidis have antiendotoxin effect. Therefore, the isatis root has the effects of clearing away heat and toxic materials, cooling blood and relieving sore throat and also has the function of improving the immunity of human bodies or animals.

Chinese bamboo has abundant resources, especially in Anji county, Zhejiang province, while bamboo leaves are largely discarded, which causes huge waste of resources. The invention adopts fresh bamboo leaves as one of the main components of the feed, not only fully utilizes the waste bamboo leaf resources, but also produces the feed which is full-ecological, pollution-free, free of additive, beneficial to the growth of livestock and poultry, high in nutritive value and improved in meat quality and taste. The active antibacterial ingredients in the bamboo leaves enhance the immunity of livestock, improve the disease resistance, reduce the occurrence of diseases and ensure the food safety. The reason why fresh bamboo leaves are used is that the loss of crude proteins, chlorophyll and the like of fresh bamboo leaves is small. The fresh bamboo leaves used for cooking do not need to be dried in the sun or baked, so that more effective components can be remained in the cooking liquid. The medicine dregs comprise heat-clearing and detoxifying medicines and bacteriostatic medicines, can stimulate the immunity of animal organisms against infection while inhibiting pathogenic microorganisms, enhance the phagocytic function of cells and liver reticuloendothelial systems, promote the formation of antibodies, inhibit destructive immune response to the antibodies, inhibit the exudation of the antibodies and limit the development of inflammation, and have the functions of detoxifying, repairing damaged tissues, strengthening the activity of adrenal cortex and enhancing the anti-stress capability of the organisms. The bacteriostatic Chinese herbal medicines are not only used for preventing and treating animal bacterial infection, but also can be used for preventing virus, pathogenic fungi and protozoan infection, and can directly act on pathogenic thalli to influence, even destroy the growth, reproduction and metabolism of the pathogenic thalli, thereby killing bacteria. The organic acid in the Chinese herbal medicine can regulate the pH value of intestines and stomach, prevent the propagation of harmful bacteria, improve the activity of enzyme and promote the normal metabolism in the animal body, thereby improving the utilization rate of nutrient substances and promoting the exertion of the production performance of the animal. In addition, the effective active ingredients in the Chinese herbal medicines are absorbed by animal bodies and then participate in microcirculation in the animal bodies, improve the chemical environment and the physical environment of cells, and stimulate the potential of the bodies, thereby realizing the normalization of the functions of tissues, cells and organs.

Fermentation refers to the decomposition or synthesis and transformation of organic substances through biotransformation pathways by using the metabolism of organisms such as microorganisms or cells under specific environmental conditions. Through fermentation treatment of the medicine dregs, the medicine dregs are used as a substrate, and macromolecular substances such as partial polysaccharides, proteins and fats are degraded through the metabolic action of microorganisms to generate micromolecular substances such as organic acids and soluble polypeptides, so that a biological feed with rich nutrition, good palatability and high viable bacteria content is formed, and the digestion and absorption of animals are facilitated. Meanwhile, the fermentation can also remove the musty, medicinal and toxic substances in the dregs of a decoction, so that the dregs of a decoction become edible food. The fermentation liquor is removed by extruding the dregs of a decoction, which is beneficial to the quick drying or sun drying of the dregs of a decoction. The fermented dregs are added into the feed, so that the disease resistance of the fed livestock is high, the meat is solid and delicious, the health-care effect brought by the medicated diet can be indirectly absorbed by human bodies, and the immune function of the human bodies can be fully improved.

The corn or bean pulp is not particularly limited in source and can be obtained by the market. The corn or the bean pulp is used as staple food, contains rich protein and ensures the normal nutrition supplement of the livestock. In the invention, the weight parts of the corn or the bean pulp can be 30 parts, 35 parts, 40 parts, 45 parts and 50 parts.

In the invention, the corn or the bean pulp can adopt aged grains which are remained for the last year or stored for a plurality of years, has low price, can fully utilize the aged grains and can meet the eating requirements of livestock and poultry.

Preferably, the compound feed comprises the following components in parts by weight: 30-50 parts of corn or soybean meal, 30-45 parts of fresh bamboo leaves for grinding into powder, 10-15 parts of fresh bamboo leaves for cooking, 3-5 parts of anaerobic fermentation microbial inoculum, 25-40 parts of medicine residues, 3-6 parts of starch and 3-6 parts of attractant.

In the invention, the effective components in the fresh bamboo leaves can be dissolved out by steaming and boiling the fresh bamboo leaves. The fresh bamboo leaves for grinding into powder are picked for 1-5 days, and the fresh bamboo leaves for cooking are picked for the same day. Therefore, the effective components in the bamboo leaves can be almost reserved, and especially, the contents of components such as fresh bamboo leaves, chlorophyll and the like picked in the same day are almost not lost. The bamboo leaf variety may be selected from herba Lophatheri, folium Bambusae, herba Lophatheri, and Thalictrum aquilegifolium. It is to be understood that the variety of the bamboo leaves is not limited to the above examples. The above steps are not continuous processes due to seasonality of fresh bamboo leaves picking. Usually, the method is operated by company plus farmer. The utilization of the bamboo leaf resource feed can increase a way for farmers in mountainous and semi-mountainous areas to become rich.

Preferably, the anaerobic fermentation bacteria agent is one or more of enterococcus faecalis, lactobacillus acidophilus, bacillus subtilis, saccharomycetes and bacillus coagulans. The enterococcus faecalis has nutritional effect, and its thallus contains various small peptides, and can promote the absorption of amino acids and residues, and improve the synthesis of tissue protein. Enterococcus faecalis can produce bacteriostatic substances, such as bacteriocins. Enterococcus faecalis can also produce bacteriocin with broad-spectrum antibacterial property, and has good inhibitory effect on Pseudomonas, Salmonella and Shigella. Lactobacillus acidophilus has antagonistic effect on pathogenic microorganisms. The bacillus subtilis is widely applied to feeds, has stronger protease, lipase and amylase activities, can promote the degradation of nutrients in the feeds, and enables animals to absorb and utilize the feeds more fully. Yeasts grow in both aerobic and anaerobic environments, i.e., they are facultative anaerobes, which break down sugars into carbon dioxide and water under aerobic conditions and grow faster. In the absence of oxygen, yeast break down sugars into alcohol and carbon dioxide. The main component of yeast is protein, which accounts for almost half of the dry matter content of yeast, and the essential amino acid content of human body is sufficient, especially the content of lysine which is relatively lacking in grains is relatively high. On the other hand, it contains a large amount of vitamin B1, vitamin B2 and nicotinic acid. Therefore, the yeast can improve the nutritional value of the fermented food. The bacillus coagulans can effectively inhibit the growth of harmful bacteria, improve the quality of the feed, promote the digestion and absorption of the feed and reduce the feed-weight ratio.

Preferably, in step 4, the fresh bamboo leaves are subjected to a grinding treatment before cooking. That is, the fresh bamboo leaves are first pulverized and then the pulverized fresh bamboo leaves are cooked with water at high temperature. Thus, the dissolving amount of the effective components in the bamboo leaves is improved, and the dissolving time is greatly reduced.

In the invention, starch plays a role in binding feed particles, such as potato starch and the like, and can be sweet potato starch, sweet potato starch and potato starch.

In the invention, the attractant is added into the feed to improve the palatability of the feed, so that the feed can play a role in attracting the poultry and the livestock. Specifically, the attractant is a saccharide such as glucose, fructose, sucrose, maltose, starch sugar, lactose, etc.

Preferably, in the step 4, the cooking temperature of the fresh bamboo leaves is 95-100 ℃, and the cooking time is 4-6 hours.

Preferably, in step 4, the water used for high-temperature cooking is drinking water. The drinking water contains trace minerals which have important effect on human body and animals. Drinking water includes clean natural spring water, river water, lake water, treated well water, etc.

Preferably, the dried compound feed is packaged in bags by an automatic packaging machine and processed by back sealing and edge pressing.

Preferably, the livestock is pigs, cows and sheep.

Preferably, the livestock are fed with the feed, and are raised in open bamboo forest space and fence, each is no less than 20 square meters, and the livestock are raised in free range in the day and in the evening. The feeding space is wide, and the growth of the livestock is facilitated. The feeding field has a large amount of fallen bamboo leaves, so that the bamboo leaves are fully utilized, and the waste of resources is avoided.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

1. the invention adopts fresh bamboo leaves as one of the main components of the feed, fully utilizes the waste bamboo leaf resources, mixes all the raw materials in proportion by means of stewing, wall breaking and the like, and the active bacteriostatic component in the feed is easy to be absorbed by livestock, thereby enhancing the immunity of the livestock, improving the disease resistance, reducing the occurrence of diseases and ensuring the food safety.

2. The dregs of a decoction leavening not only contains rich protein, is rich in a plurality of vitamins, mineral substances and enzymes, but also is beneficial to the digestion and absorption of animals, and the addition of the dregs of a decoction leavening into the feed not only can feed the raised livestock and poultry with strong disease resistance and firm and delicious meat, but also can indirectly absorb the health care effect brought by the medicated diet by human body, and can fully improve the immune function of human body.

3. The attractant is added into the feed to improve the palatability of the feed, so that the feed can play a role in attracting the poultry and the livestock.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be further described with reference to the structures or terms used herein. The description is given for the sake of example only, to illustrate how the invention may be implemented, and does not constitute any limitation on the invention.

Example 1

Drying or sun-drying 30 weight parts of fresh folium Bambusae in Anji county, and grinding into powder. 3 parts by weight of enterococcus faecalis anaerobic fermentation inoculant and 25 parts by weight of decoction dregs are uniformly mixed, the mixture is placed into a fermentation tank and is sealed for anaerobic fermentation, the mixture is fermented for 4 days at 24 ℃, and then the mixture is taken out and extruded to remove fermentation liquor, and then is dried or dried in the sun and ground into powder. Grinding 30 parts by weight of corn and 10 parts by weight of rapeseed oil cake into powder, mixing with fresh bamboo leaf powder and dregs of a decoction fermentation powder, adding 3 parts by weight of sweet potato powder, and uniformly stirring. And taking 10 parts by weight of fresh bamboo leaves, cooking the fresh bamboo leaves with water at a high temperature of 95 ℃ for 4 hours according to a ratio of 1:1, filtering to obtain cooking liquor, and stirring the cooking liquor and the components. And then 3 parts by weight of fructose is added to prepare a strip-shaped object or a rod-shaped object, and the strip-shaped object or the rod-shaped object is dried for 2 hours at the temperature of 60 ℃ to obtain the feed with the water content of 12 percent. And packaging the dried compound feed in bags by using an automatic packaging machine, and carrying out back sealing type edge pressing treatment.

Example 2

Drying or sun-drying 35 weight parts of fresh folium Bambusae in Anji county, and grinding into powder. Mixing 4 weight parts of mixed bacterial agent of enterococcus faecalis and lactobacillus acidophilus and 30 weight parts of medicinal residues uniformly, placing into a fermentation tank, sealing for anaerobic fermentation, fermenting at 26 ℃ for 4 days, taking out and extruding to remove fermentation liquor, drying or sun drying, and grinding into powder. Grinding 35 weight parts of corn and 12 weight parts of rapeseed oil cake into powder, mixing with fresh bamboo leaf powder and residue fermented powder, adding 4 weight parts of sweet potato powder, and stirring. And taking 12 parts by weight of fresh bamboo leaves, steaming the fresh bamboo leaves with water at a high temperature of 96 ℃ for 4.5 hours according to a ratio of 1:1, filtering to obtain a steaming liquid, and stirring the steaming liquid and the components. And 4 parts by weight of fructose was added to prepare a stick or stick. Drying at 65 deg.C for 2 hr to obtain feed with water content of 9%. And packaging the dried compound feed in bags by using an automatic packaging machine, and carrying out back sealing type edge pressing treatment.

Example 3

Drying or sun-drying 40 weight parts of fresh folium Bambusae in Anji county, and grinding into powder. Mixing 5 parts by weight of bacillus subtilis zymogen agent and 35 parts by weight of dregs uniformly, putting the mixture into a fermentation tank, sealing the mixture for anaerobic fermentation, fermenting the mixture for 4 days at 28 ℃, taking out the mixture and extruding the mixture to remove fermentation liquor, and then drying or drying the mixture in the sun and grinding the mixture into powder. Grinding 40 weight parts of soybean meal and 15 weight parts of rapeseed oil cake into powder, mixing with fresh bamboo leaf powder and medicinal residue fermented powder, adding 5 weight parts of potato powder, and stirring. And (2) cooking 15 parts by weight of fresh bamboo leaves and water at a high temperature of 98 ℃ for 5 hours according to a ratio of 1:1, filtering to obtain a cooking solution, and stirring the cooking solution and the components. And then 5 parts by weight of fructose is added to prepare a strip-shaped object or a rod-shaped object, and the strip-shaped object or the rod-shaped object is dried for 1.5 hours at 70 ℃ to obtain the feed with the water content of 10 percent. And packaging the dried compound feed in bags by using an automatic packaging machine, and carrying out back sealing type edge pressing treatment.

Example 4

Taking 45 parts by weight of fresh phyllostachys pubescens leaves produced in Anji county, drying or airing, and grinding into powder. Mixing 5 parts by weight of yeast and bacillus coagulans mixed anaerobic fermentation microbial agent with 40 parts by weight of decoction dregs uniformly, putting into a fermentation tank, sealing for anaerobic fermentation, fermenting at 34 ℃ for 5 days, taking out and extruding to remove fermentation liquor, drying or drying in the sun, and grinding into powder. Grinding 50 weight parts of soybean meal and 15 weight parts of rapeseed oil cake into powder, mixing with fresh bamboo leaf powder and medicinal residue fermented powder, adding 6 weight parts of potato powder, and stirring. Taking 15 parts by weight of fresh bamboo leaves, crushing, cooking with water at a high temperature of 1:1, wherein the cooking temperature is 100 ℃, the cooking time is 6 hours, filtering to obtain cooking liquor, and stirring the cooking liquor and the components. And 6 parts by weight of fructose is added to prepare a strip-shaped object or a rod-shaped object, and the strip-shaped object or the rod-shaped object is dried for 1 hour at 80 ℃ to obtain the feed with the water content of 8 percent. And packaging the dried compound feed in bags by using an automatic packaging machine, and carrying out back sealing type edge pressing treatment.

The feed obtained in examples 1 to 4 was fed to pigs, and duroc x long white hybrid growth with a mass of about 30kg, healthy, disease-free, and good growth conditions was adopted: 45 heads are randomly divided into 5 groups, namely a test 1 group, a test 2 group, a test 3 group, a test 4 group and a control group, wherein the feed prepared in the example 1 corresponds to the test 1 group, the feed prepared in the example 2 corresponds to the test 2 group, the feed prepared in the example 3 corresponds to the test 3 group, the feed prepared in the example 4 corresponds to the test 4 group, the control group is fed with concentrated feed, and the concentrated feed refers to animal feed without mixing fresh bamboo leaves and herb residues, and the test period is 90 days. Nearly 600km in Anji county²The bamboo forest is fed in pens under the condition that the thickness of the bamboo forest is large, each bamboo forest is not less than 20 square meters, and the bamboo forest is fed in a scattered mode in the day and fed at night. During the test period, the patients can freely take food and drink water.

The measurement indexes include growth performance index and meat quality index. Growth performance index: the death number, the head-by-head weighing (including the initial mass and the end mass), the average daily gain mass and the material weight ratio are calculated. Meat quality index: at the end of the feeding trial, 3 pigs were drawn from each group for slaughter testing. Determining the carcass quality, the slaughter rate and the backfat thickness by referring to GB/T8467-1987 lean type boar performance determination technical specifications; taking the longissimus dorsi, and measuring water (GB 6435-86), crude protein (GB 6432-86) and crude fat (GB 6433-86).

TABLE 1 bamboo leaf nutrient composition (% by unit)

Bamboo leaf	Moisture content	Crude protein	Coarse fiber	Chlorophyll	Calcium carbonate	Phosphorus (P)
							Picking folium Bambusae for more than 5 days	8.1	14.24	22.5	0.04	0.43	0.45
Picking fresh bamboo leaves for 1-5 days	8.6	15.4	20.4	0.12	0.82	0.16
							Fresh bamboo leaves picked in the same day	9.2	15.7	20.2	0.26	0.93	0.15

According to table 1, compared with the bamboo leaves picked for more than 5 days, the crude protein, chlorophyll and calcium contents of the fresh bamboo leaves picked for 1-5 days are higher, while the crude protein, chlorophyll and calcium contents of the fresh bamboo leaves picked for the same day are far higher than those of the bamboo leaves picked for more than 5 days and the fresh bamboo leaves picked for 1-5 days. This indicates that fresh bamboo picked the same day and fresh bamboo leaves picked 1-5 days had less loss of crude protein, chlorophyll and calcium.

TABLE 2 feed feeding test results

Index (I)	Example 1	Example 2	Example 3	Example 4	Control group
						Number of deaths/body	0	0	0	0	2
Initial mass/kg	30.56	30.51	31.94	32.11	31.38
						End mass/kg	96.86	97.84	97.21	98.73	95.27
Average daily gain mass/g	736.67	748.11	725.22	740.22	709.89
						Material to weight ratio	3.33	3.36	3.27	3.32	3.67

As can be seen from Table 2, the pigs fed with the diets of examples 1 to 4 did not die. Compared with the control group, the average daily gain of the pigs fed by the feed of the examples 1 to 4 is obviously improved, and the feed-weight ratio is also obviously reduced, so that the feed provided by the invention obviously improves the feed conversion rate and is beneficial to the growth of the pigs. In example 4, the fresh bamboo leaves were pulverized, and the average daily gain of the pigs fed with the prepared feed was high, and the feed ratio was low.

TABLE 3 slaughter test results

Index (I)	Example 1	Examples2	Example 3	Example 4	Control group
						Mass/kg before slaughter	96.96	97.99	97.34	98.84	95.42
Carcass mass/kg	72.36	72.25	72.38	73.74	66.97
						Slaughter Rate/%	74.63	73.73	74.36	74.61	70.18
Backfat thickness/cm	1.95	2.12	1.87	2.03	2.46

As can be seen from Table 3, the slaughter rates of the pigs in examples 1-4 are all higher than those of the control group, and the backfat thicknesses are all lower than those of the control group, which indicates that the feed provided by the invention has good production performance and high lean meat percentage for feeding the pigs. In example 4, fresh bamboo leaves were pulverized, and the results of the slaughter test of the prepared feed-fed pigs showed a high slaughter rate.

TABLE 4 meat quality index measurement results

Index (I)	Example 1	Example 2	Example 3	Examples4	Control group
						Water content/%)	72.42	72.25	72.59	72.31	72.98
Crude protein/%)	22.43	22.31	23.93	23.37	20.43
						Crude fat/%)	1.35	1.39	1.47	1.25	2.49

As can be seen from Table 4, the pork fed with the feeds prepared in examples 1 to 4 had higher and higher crude protein content, lower crude fat content, and better meat quality index than the control group. In example 4, the raw protein content of the pig fed with the prepared feed is high by pulverizing fresh bamboo leaves.

The embodiments described in this specification are merely illustrative of implementations of the inventive concept and the scope of the present invention should not be considered limited to the specific forms set forth in the embodiments but rather by the equivalents thereof as may occur to those skilled in the art upon consideration of the present inventive concept.

Claims

1. A preparation method of a compound feed of fresh bamboo leaves and dregs for feeding livestock comprises the steps of mixing corn or soybean meal, rapeseed oil cakes, fresh bamboo leaves and dregs in proportion, and is characterized by comprising the following specific steps:

and step 3: grinding semen Maydis or soybean meal and rapeseed oil cake into powder, mixing with fresh folium Bambusae powder and residue fermented powder, adding starch, and stirring;

2. The preparation method according to claim 1, wherein the compound feed comprises the following components in parts by weight: 30-50 parts of corn or soybean meal, 10-15 parts of rapeseed oil cake, 30-45 parts of fresh bamboo leaves used for being ground into powder, 10-15 parts of fresh bamboo leaves used for being steamed and boiled, 3-5 parts of anaerobic fermentation microbial inoculum, 25-40 parts of herb residue, 3-6 parts of starch and 3-6 parts of attractant.

3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein in the step 2, the anaerobic fermentation bacteria agent is one or more of enterococcus faecalis, lactobacillus acidophilus, bacillus subtilis, yeast and bacillus coagulans.

4. The method of claim 1 or 2, wherein the starch is a potato starch.

5. The method of claim 1 or 2, wherein the attractant is a carbohydrate.

6. The preparation method according to claim 1, wherein in the step 4, the cooking temperature of the fresh bamboo leaves is 95 to 100 ℃ and the cooking time is 4 to 6 hours.

7. The method of claim 1, wherein the dried compound feed is packaged in bags by an automatic packaging machine and processed by a back-sealing and edge-pressing process.