CN102792842A - Planting method of switchgrass in alkaline land - Google Patents
Planting method of switchgrass in alkaline land Download PDFInfo
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- CN102792842A CN102792842A CN2012103133171A CN201210313317A CN102792842A CN 102792842 A CN102792842 A CN 102792842A CN 2012103133171 A CN2012103133171 A CN 2012103133171A CN 201210313317 A CN201210313317 A CN 201210313317A CN 102792842 A CN102792842 A CN 102792842A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a planting method of switchgrass in alkaline land, which comprises the steps: (1) taking normal soil, and preparing culture medium soil from turfy soil, normal soil, composite fertilizer, antimicrobial agent and insecticide; (2) adding the culture medium soil to a seedling raising hole tray, compacting, spraying water, forming seed holes, placing seeds, flattening by filling the culture medium soil, and spraying water for completely watering to prepare seeds to be raised; (3) transferring the seeds to be raised to a greenhouse, and culturing until the seedlings have 6-7 leaves; (4) selecting the lot with the total salt content of the soil being 0.3-0.5wt%, weeding and preparing to level the land, transplanting the seedlings with 6-7 leaves to the transplantation holes, filling soil, watering and compacting; and (5) carrying out normal field management while keeping the soil moisture content at 25-30wt%. By adopting the method, switchgrass can be planted in the alkaline land; and the method has the advantages of high seedling forming speed, and capability of forming vegetation and harvesting grass and seeds in the same year, and has wide application prospects.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the kind method for planting of a kind of saline land switchgrass, be specifically related to a kind of fast rapid-result seedling of switchgrass that on the saline land, makes and build up the kind method for planting of vegetation, belong to ecological agriculture technical field.
Background technology
Switchgrass (Panicum virgatum) belongs to the grass family Panicum, and high stalk perennial herb C4 plant is normally used for herding, water and soil conservation and ecological construction etc.Because switchgrass adaptability is strong, has higher yield potentiality and stronger drought-enduring anti-ridge ability, and is environmentally friendly, can be used in and produce energy ethanol, therefore be considered to a kind of energy crop with large development potentiality.
Arable area is less to be one of fundamental realities of the country of China, so China's development bio-ethanol industry must be followed the basic principle of " ground out of question, grain out of question, oil out of question, sugar ".The Huanghe delta is positioned at the littoral area of the Yellow River estuary of South Bohai Sea, and land resources is richly endowed by nature, nearly 8,000,000 mu of unused land, and wherein the saline land is 2,700,000 mu, can plant the stronger energy grass switchgrass of resistance.But plant switchgrass in the saline land with seed sowing, emergence rate is low, go out the biological yield that shoot survival percent is low, Miao Huangmiao is weak phenomenon has directly influenced switchgrass, is difficult to planting then and becomes vegetation, and benefit is very low.Study a kind of method that makes switchgrass fast rapid-result seedling, develop and utilize, improve the ecological environment, provide biomass energy to have very important significance for making full use of the saline land in the saline land.
Chinese patent document CN101081005A (application number 200710018261.6) discloses the external propagation method of a kind of switchgrass.Be specially switchgrass and grow to being arranged, 3～4 eustipes parts in the middle of cutting, artificial induction's regeneration bud on the MBP medium 5～6 whens joint; To the bud growing point manual work of growing thickly repeat excision handle 4～5 times to the sprout tuber diameter of growing thickly be about 0.5CM, on new MBP medium, induce to obtain the fairly large bud of growing thickly; Regeneration plant is cultivated into seedling in root media SMO, transplant to the greenhouse or the land for growing field crops.Though this technical scheme can be bred switchgrass in a large number, field soil condition etc. to be had relatively high expectations, this method can't be applicable to the cultivation of saline land switchgrass.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is directed to the deficiency of prior art, the kind method for planting of a kind of saline land switchgrass is provided.
Technical scheme of the present invention is following:
The kind method for planting of a kind of saline land switchgrass comprises the steps:
(1) get normal soil, according to following mixed:
40～60kg turfy soil, 40～60kg normal soil, 5～10kg composite fertilizer, 150～250g bactericide, 150～250g insecticide make medium soil;
(2) March 4～10,, add the medium soil that step (1) makes in the seedling culture hole plate of dark 5～10cm to cave diameter 4～6cm; Tamp, water spray is after 3～5 hours; Beat the seed cave of diameter 1～2cm, the degree of depth 2～3cm, put into 2～3 seeds, fill and lead up with the medium soil that step (1) makes; Water spray irrigates, and makes to treat breeding;
(3) breeding of treating that step (2) is made changes green house over to; Be to carry out breeding under 12～20 ℃ the condition in temperature, the maintenance soil moisture content is 25～35wt%, when treating that seedling begins to tiller and daytime, outdoor temperature was higher than 25 ℃; Ventilated 3～6 hours, and cultivated to seedling and grow to 6～7 leaves;
(4) selecting the soil total salt content is the plot of 0.3～0.5wt%, through weeding, whole ground, makes land smoothing; The soil particle particle diameter is not more than 5mm; By seeding row spacing (40～60cm) * (40～60cm) dig and transplant the cave, the dark 10～15cm in cave, back cut diameter 10～20cm; Then step (3) is cultivated 6～7 leaf seedlings that obtain and move in the transplanting cave compacting of watering of banketing;
(5) keeping soil moisture content is 25～30wt%, carries out normal field management and gets final product.
Preferred according to the present invention, the normal soil in the said step (1): the content of organic matter 15～18g/kg, full nitrogen 100～110mg/kg, water-soluble phosphorus 20～25mg/kg, water-soluble potassium 150～175mg/kg, pH value 6～7.
Preferred according to the present invention, in the said step (1), nitrogen content is 12～18wt% in the composite fertilizer, and phosphorus pentoxide content is 12～18wt%, and potassium oxide content is 12～18wt%.
Preferred according to the present invention, in the said step (2), tamp the following method that adopts: the medium soil pressure in the seedling culture hole plate is real, and water spray irrigates, and adds the medium soil pressure after 3～5 hours more in fact.
Preferred according to the present invention, in the said step (5), field management also comprises to be carried out shallow rake that the degree of depth is 3～5cm, chesson and spreads fertilizer over the fields farmyard manure by 1500～3000kg/ha the plot 1 year spring.
Green house described in the step (3) can be used local existing shed or greenhouse, and also available common booth plastic film is built simple and easy little shed, and all seedling-cultivating trays got final product under size can be contained.
Bactericide, insecticide in the step (1) all can adopt existing commercially available prod, and for example bactericide can adopt tpn, and insecticide can adopt phoxim.
Beneficial effect
The method of the invention has realized the plantation switchgrass in the saline land, and it is fast that this method has into seedling speed, just can build up the advantage of vegetation and results grass and seed then; The present invention has realized the resource comprehensive utilization in saline land through the external energy grass new varieties switchgrass of introducing of plantation in the saline land, and positive impetus is played in the popularization of saline land development and use and biomass energy.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment, technical scheme of the present invention is further specified, but institute of the present invention protection domain is not limited thereto.
Cultivar origin:
The switchgrass kind is graceful for me, available from animal technical college Practaculture Science system of China Agricultural University.
Nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer, available from Shandong sunlight chemical fertilizer Co., Ltd, wherein N content is 15wt%, P
2O
5Content is 15wt%, K
2O content is 15wt%.
Bactericide is the Fluoxastrobin tpn, and Qingdao hundred standing grain source biotechnology Co., Ltds produce.
Insecticide is the A Wei phoxim, and Huifeng, Jinan pesticide chemical Co., Ltd produces.
Normal soil is a soil of taking from proving ground, road, mulberry field, Jinan, through detecting content of organic matter 16.8g/kg, full nitrogen 105.2mg/kg, water-soluble phosphorus 21.2mg/kg, water-soluble potassium 165.5mg/kg, pH value 6.6.
The raw material that other do not specify among the embodiment is conventional commercially available prod.
The test plot
Carry out in proving ground, two another arenaes, Dongying City Guang Bei farm in the experiment plot of embodiment 1, and experimental field area is 0.7 mu, and experimental field the soil total salt content 0.34%;
Carry out in base, Dongying City landscape bureau nursery in the experiment plot of embodiment 2, and experimental field area is 5 mu, experimental field soil total salt content 0.42wt%;
The woods village carries out in the Kenli County in the experiment plot of embodiment 3, and experimental field area is 2.6 mu, experimental field soil total salt content 0.46wt%.
Embodiment 1:
The kind method for planting of a kind of saline land switchgrass comprises the steps:
(1) get normal soil, according to following mixed:
50kg turfy soil, 50kg normal soil, 7.5kg composite fertilizer, 200g Fluoxastrobin tpn, 200g A Wei phoxim make medium soil;
On March 6th, (2) 2011,, add the medium soil that step (1) makes in the seedling culture hole plate of dark 10cm, compacting to cave diameter 5cm; Water spray irrigates, and adds the medium soil pressure after 5 hours more in fact, water spray; After 3 hours, beat the seed cave of diameter 1cm, degree of depth 3cm, put into 2 seeds; Medium soil with step (1) makes is filled and led up, and water spray irrigates, and makes to treat breeding;
(3) breeding of treating that step (2) is made changes the shed of long 15m, wide 6m, high 1.8m over to;, temperature carries out breeding in being 18～20 ℃ scope; The maintenance soil moisture content is 25～30wt%; When treating that seedling begins to tiller and daytime, outdoor temperature was higher than 25 ℃, ventilated 3 hours, cultivate to seedling and grow to 6～7 leaves;
(4) weeding, whole ground are carried out in the experiment plot, make land smoothing, the soil particle particle diameter is not more than 5mm, digs by seeding row spacing 40 * 60cm and transplants cave, the dark 15cm in cave, back cut diameter 20cm; Then step (3) is cultivated 6～7 leaf seedlings that obtain and move in the transplanting cave compacting of watering of banketing;
(5) according to weather condition, optimum period, water, and the maintenance soil moisture content is 25～30wt%, carries out normal field management and get final product, and before treating to turn green 1 year spring the plot carried out shallow rake that the degree of depth is 3～5cm, chesson and spread fertilizer over the fields farmyard manure 1 time by 2000kg/ha.
Then emergence rate, to go out shoot survival percent, bright careless output and seed production result as shown in table 1.
Embodiment 2:
The kind method for planting of a kind of saline land switchgrass comprises the steps:
(1) get normal soil, according to following mixed:
40kg turfy soil, 60kg normal soil, 10kg composite fertilizer, 150g Fluoxastrobin tpn, 150g A Wei phoxim make medium soil;
On March 8th, (2) 2011,, add the medium soil that step (1) makes in the seedling culture hole plate of dark 10cm, compacting to cave diameter 5cm; Water spray irrigates, and adds the medium soil pressure after 3 hours more in fact, water spray; After 3 hours, beat the seed cave of diameter 2cm, degree of depth 2cm, put into 3 seeds; Medium soil with step (1) makes is filled and led up, and water spray irrigates, and makes to treat breeding;
(3) breeding of treating that step (2) is made changes green house over to; Heating system is arranged in the green house, and light transmittance 50% carries out breeding in temperature is 15～18 ℃ scope; The maintenance soil moisture content is 30～35wt%; When treating that seedling begins to tiller and daytime, outdoor temperature was higher than 25 ℃, ventilated 6 hours, cultivate to seedling and grow to 6～7 leaves;
(4) weeding, whole ground are carried out in the experiment plot, make land smoothing, the soil particle particle diameter is not more than 5mm, digs by seeding row spacing 50 * 50cm and transplants cave, the dark 10cm in cave, back cut diameter 10cm; Then step (3) is cultivated 6～7 leaf seedlings that obtain and move in the transplanting cave compacting of watering of banketing;
(5) according to weather condition, optimum period, water, and the maintenance soil moisture content is 30～35wt%, carries out normal field management and get final product, and before treating to turn green 1 year spring the plot carried out shallow rake that the degree of depth is 3～5cm, chesson and spread fertilizer over the fields farmyard manure 1 time by 3000kg/ha.
Then emergence rate, to go out shoot survival percent, bright careless output and seed production result as shown in table 1.
Embodiment 3
The kind method for planting of a kind of saline land switchgrass comprises the steps:
(1) get normal soil, according to following mixed:
60kg turfy soil, 40kg normal soil, 5kg composite fertilizer, 250g Fluoxastrobin tpn, 250g A Wei phoxim make medium soil;
On March 10th, (2) 2011,, add the medium soil that step (1) makes in the seedling culture hole plate of dark 10cm, compacting to cave diameter 5cm; Water spray irrigates, and adds the medium soil pressure after 3 hours more in fact, water spray; After 3 hours, beat the seed cave of diameter 2cm, degree of depth 2cm, put into 3 seeds; Medium soil with step (1) makes is filled and led up, and water spray irrigates, and makes to treat breeding;
(3) breeding of treating that step (2) is made changes green house over to; Heating system is arranged in the green house, and light transmittance 50% carries out breeding in temperature is 12～15 ℃ scope; The maintenance soil moisture content is 25～30wt%; When treating that seedling begins to tiller and daytime, outdoor temperature was higher than 25 ℃, ventilated 6 hours, cultivate to seedling and grow to 6～7 leaves;
(4) weeding, whole ground are carried out in the experiment plot, make land smoothing, the soil particle particle diameter is not more than 5mm, digs by seeding row spacing 40 * 40cm and transplants cave, the dark 10cm in cave, back cut diameter 10cm; Then step (3) is cultivated 6～7 leaf seedlings that obtain and move in the transplanting cave compacting of watering of banketing;
(5) according to weather condition, optimum period, water, and the maintenance soil moisture content is 30～35wt%, carries out normal field management and get final product.
Then emergence rate, to go out shoot survival percent, bright careless output and seed production result as shown in table 1.
Need to prove that present embodiment does not carry out shallow rake, chesson and spreads fertilizer over the fields farmyard manure the plot before turning green 1 year spring, compares with embodiment 1,2, on the careless output of aquatic foods, significant difference is arranged in 1 year, seed production difference is little, sees shown in the table 2.
Reference examples 1:
This reference examples adopts the plot of embodiment 1, carries out saline land seed sowing test in 2010, experimental field area 800m
2, to pour water before broadcasting and make moisture in the soil, farming makes land readjustment, soil particle particle diameter<5mm; Adopt artificial trench sowing, open the ditch of dark 3～5cm with plough, ditch is apart from 60cm, then by the artificial uniform broadcasting of the amount of broadcasting 2kg mu in ditch, and bury suppression, broadcast the back and adopt mulch film to cover, pave during covering, strain, bury sternly both sides, a membrane cover duplicate rows.
Reference examples 2:
The plot of embodiment 2 is adopted in this contrast, in 2011 according to Chinese patent document CN101081005A (application number 200710018261.6) in the method for embodiment 1, I is graceful and carry out field-transplanting in external breeding, field management is all identical with embodiment 2.
The experimental result statistics
The foregoing description 1～3 and reference examples are carried out emergence rate, survival rate, bright careless output, seed production statistics; Sow 15 days " Invest, Then Investigate " emergence rates; 1 month " Invest, Then Investigate " survival rate; The bright careless output of results back statistics, seed production, all by this area common method, statistics is as shown in table 1 then for statistical method; Statistics was as shown in table 2 in 1 year.
Table 1
Table 2
Can be found out that by the result contrast row emergence rate is very low, going out shoot survival percent is zero, and embodiment 1,2,3 emergence rates and survival rate be all more than 90%, and plantation promptly gathered in the crops considerable bright grass and seed then, realized productivity effect.
What should explain at last is: the above is merely the preferred embodiments of the present invention; Be not limited to the present invention; Although the present invention has been carried out detailed explanation with reference to previous embodiment; For a person skilled in the art, it still can be made amendment to the technical scheme that aforementioned each embodiment put down in writing, and perhaps part technical characterictic wherein is equal to replacement.All within spirit of the present invention and principle, any modification of being done, be equal to replacement, improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. the kind method for planting of a saline land switchgrass is characterized in that, comprises the steps:
(1) get normal soil, according to following mixed:
40～60kg turfy soil, 40～60kg normal soil, 5～10kg composite fertilizer, 150～250g bactericide, 150～250g insecticide make medium soil;
(2) March 4～10,, add the medium soil that step (1) makes in the seedling culture hole plate of dark 5～10cm to cave diameter 4～6cm; Tamp, water spray is after 3～5 hours; Beat the seed cave of diameter 1～2cm, the degree of depth 2～3cm, put into 2～3 seeds, fill and lead up with the medium soil that step (1) makes; Water spray irrigates, and makes to treat breeding;
(3) breeding of treating that step (2) is made changes green house over to; Be to carry out breeding under 12～20 ℃ the condition in temperature, the maintenance soil moisture content is 25～35wt%, when treating that seedling begins to tiller and daytime, outdoor temperature was higher than 25 ℃; Ventilated 3～6 hours, and cultivated to seedling and grow to 6～7 leaves;
(4) selecting the soil total salt content is the plot of 0.3～0.5wt%, through weeding, whole ground, makes land smoothing; The soil particle particle diameter is not more than 5mm; By seeding row spacing (40～60cm) * (40～60cm) dig and transplant the cave, the dark 10～15cm in cave, back cut diameter 10～20cm; Then step (3) is cultivated 6～7 leaf seedlings that obtain and move in the transplanting cave compacting of watering of banketing;
(5) keeping soil moisture content is 25～30wt%, carries out normal field management.
2. kind of method for planting as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, the normal soil in the said step (1): the content of organic matter 15～18g/kg, full nitrogen 100～110mg/kg, water-soluble phosphorus 20～25mg/kg, water-soluble potassium 150～175mg/kg, pH value 6～7.
3. kind of method for planting as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, in the said step (1), nitrogen content is 12～18wt% in the composite fertilizer, and phosphorus pentoxide content is 12～18wt%, and potassium oxide content is 12～18wt%.
4. kind of method for planting as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, in the said step (2), tamp the following method that adopts: the medium soil pressure in the seedling culture hole plate is real, and water spray irrigates, and adds the medium soil pressure after 3～5 hours more in fact.
5. kind of method for planting as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, in the said step (5), field management also comprises to be carried out shallow rake that the degree of depth is 3～5cm, chesson and spread fertilizer over the fields farmyard manure by 1500～3000kg/ha the plot 1 year spring.
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104041269A (en) * | 2014-05-12 | 2014-09-17 | 宁夏大学 | Method for quickly planting fracturing alkali soil switchgrass |
| CN105052500A (en) * | 2015-08-20 | 2015-11-18 | 中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所 | Method for rapid propagation of switchgrass through rhizome transplantation |
| CN105123222A (en) * | 2015-08-27 | 2015-12-09 | 苏州高创特新能源发展股份有限公司 | Application of switchgrass in desert control |
| CN105850444A (en) * | 2016-04-20 | 2016-08-17 | 山东省农业可持续发展研究所 | Panicum virgatum and wild soybean mixed seeding technology for saline-alkali soil |
| CN108307943A (en) * | 2018-03-02 | 2018-07-24 | 吉林省农业科学院 | A kind of implantation methods improving arid biogeographic zone switchgrass emergence rate |
| CN109566288A (en) * | 2018-12-21 | 2019-04-05 | 北京市农林科学院 | A kind of modification method on the heavy salinized ground in strand |
| CN110337852A (en) * | 2019-06-27 | 2019-10-18 | 山东省农业可持续发展研究所 | The method of heavy salinized ground switchgrass, rye grass and the cogeneration improved soil of clover in a kind of |
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104041269A (en) * | 2014-05-12 | 2014-09-17 | 宁夏大学 | Method for quickly planting fracturing alkali soil switchgrass |
| CN105052500A (en) * | 2015-08-20 | 2015-11-18 | 中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所 | Method for rapid propagation of switchgrass through rhizome transplantation |
| CN105123222A (en) * | 2015-08-27 | 2015-12-09 | 苏州高创特新能源发展股份有限公司 | Application of switchgrass in desert control |
| CN105850444A (en) * | 2016-04-20 | 2016-08-17 | 山东省农业可持续发展研究所 | Panicum virgatum and wild soybean mixed seeding technology for saline-alkali soil |
| CN108307943A (en) * | 2018-03-02 | 2018-07-24 | 吉林省农业科学院 | A kind of implantation methods improving arid biogeographic zone switchgrass emergence rate |
| CN109566288A (en) * | 2018-12-21 | 2019-04-05 | 北京市农林科学院 | A kind of modification method on the heavy salinized ground in strand |
| CN110337852A (en) * | 2019-06-27 | 2019-10-18 | 山东省农业可持续发展研究所 | The method of heavy salinized ground switchgrass, rye grass and the cogeneration improved soil of clover in a kind of |
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Application publication date: 20121128 |