CN102487696A - Method of utilizing stem section cuttage to reproduce apocynum venetum in alkali soil - Google Patents
Method of utilizing stem section cuttage to reproduce apocynum venetum in alkali soil Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method of utilizing stem section cuttage to reproduce apocynum venetum in alkali soil. Obtained apocynum venetum cuttage seedlings are directly used for plantation in the alkali soil. The method comprises the steps of seedbed preparation, stem section selection, stem section processing, cuttage, seedbed management, land preparation, field transplantation, field management and the like. Field planting experiments are performed in the area of the Yellow River Delta by means of the method, the cuttage survival rate is over 80%, and the method has wide application prospects. The method of utilizing the stem section cuttage to reproduce apocynum venetum in the alkali soil is an alkali soil efficient-utilization technology which is simple and convenient to operate, does not damage wild environments of apocynum venetum and can achieve quick plantation.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method of breeding bluish dogbane, be specifically related to a kind of method of on the saline land, utilizing stem segment cuttage breeding bluish dogbane, belong to ecological agriculture technical field.
Background technology
The Huanghe delta is positioned at the littoral area of the Yellow River estuary of South Bohai Sea, and land resources is richly endowed by nature, nearly 8,000,000 mu of unused land, and wherein the saline land is 2,700,000 mu.This district's unique ecological environment has bred a large amount of wild precious germ plasm resources, and bluish dogbane is exactly one of them species.In recent years along with efficient ecological economic zone, the Huanghe delta rises to national strategy, and being much accounted of gradually of energy-source plant, medicinal plant, the bluish dogbane resource becomes this district's hot of research and development.Present bluish dogbane products material is all from wild resource, because wild resource is limited, output is difficult to guarantee, and saline land large tracts of land artificial cultivation is not achieved success as yet, has influenced the development of bluish dogbane industry.Study a kind of simply effective, easy to operate kendir in alkaline land large tracts of land propagation method, can play crucial effects the promotion of bluish dogbane industry.
The report of kendir in alkaline land propagation technique such as CN1926945A; This patent document discloses the method for recovering saline-alkali land vegetation with bluish dogbane root segment propagation technique; Mainly be to utilize the wild venetum rhizome that digs out to breed, the operation effort, and destroy wild resource to a certain extent.In addition, the method that the disclosed bluish dogbane of CN101213916 and CN101965777A is grown seedlings mainly is to adopt bluish dogbane seed seedbed (garden) breeding of growing seedlings, and growth cycle is long, time-consuming taking a lot of work, and economic benefit is low.
The paper of relevant kendir in alkaline land kind method for planting has " culture technique of saline and alkaline plant bluish dogbane " (Zhang Xiuling, the secondary special product of Chinese woods, 2005; 8 (4): 5-6), " bluish dogbane artificial cultivation technique research notes " (Bai Lu etc., Chinese wild plant resource, 2005; 24 (5): 65-66), " exploitation of Shandong bluish dogbane and utilization " (Zhang Xiuling, Chinese wild plant resource, 2004; 23 (5): 28-29), " Huanghe delta saline soil bluish dogbane culture technique " (Liu Yuxin etc., hubei agricultural science, 2010; 49 (9): 2175-2176), also mainly be to utilize seed or technology such as root segment breeding, transplanting.Up to now, do not find on the saline land, to utilize the technology report of stem section breeding bluish dogbane as yet.
Summary of the invention
To the deficiency of prior art, the present invention provides a kind of method of on the saline land, utilizing stem segment cuttage breeding bluish dogbane.
Technical scheme of the present invention is following:
A kind of method of on the saline land, utilizing stem segment cuttage breeding bluish dogbane comprises the steps:
Prepare in a, seedbed
On the soil of preparing the plantation bluish dogbane, 30-50m is chosen on every mu of ground
2The plot do the seedbed, to the seedbed plough deeply, the whole ground of rake, a kind of farm tools, make land readjustment, soil is in small, broken bits; Do furrow, press 4500-5000m
3/ hm
2Irrigation volume flood irrigation one time; Apply as base manure with farmyard manure or composite fertilizer, farmyard manure applies by every square metre of 1.5-2kg and soil mixing, composite fertilizer by clay fertilizer than 100kg: (5-7) the g mixing applies; Press 1-1.5m row spacing ridging, the high 15-20cm in ridge digs triplex row bar ditch in furrow, ditch depth 15cm, and wide 20-30cm, the soil of corrugate is placed on bank temporarily, in order to the landfill cuttage seeding;
B, stem section are chosen
Choose the branch of wild venetum stem culm base diameter greater than 0.4cm, the stem stalk of the long 15-20cm of clip is as transplanting a cutting; During the clip branch, last clip is positioned at phyllopodium top, branch top 1.3-1.6cm, and 1-2 sheet blade is stayed at the branch top; Said cutting upper end clip is cut into horizontal plane, and the lower end clip is cut into the inclined-plane; Get the cutting of clip;
C, stem section are handled
The cutting of the clip that step b is made per 20-30 in order consistent being bundled into of cephlad-caudal transplant a cutting bundle; Use the medicining liquid dipping sterilization, take out afterwards to transplant a cutting and tie, rinse well with 30-40 ℃ of warm boiling water; Place plastic containers; Be mixed with the solution of 1000ppm with root-growing agent, soaked 8-12 hour, soaked cutting;
D, cuttage
The soaked cutting that step c makes is stained with root with the mud that contains root-inducing powder, every then at a distance from 10-20cm, paste limes marginis by the stem stalk direction of growth and uprightly place, the earthen backfill on the bank is buried, press 4500-5000m
3/ hm
2Irrigation volume water spray irrigate; The capable generation sedimentation of ditch continued landfill dry ground, until stem section buried depth 8-12cm, all cuttage is built shading screen, light transmittance 10%-50% after finishing;
E, seedbed management
According to weather and soil regime, in time irrigate the seedbed, keep ground moistening, soil weight water content 25-35%; When temperature is lower than 15 ℃, remove shading screen, stalks mulching or straw mat are in order to transplanting a cutting safe overwintering; Arrive 1 year spring, and the stalk of covering or straw mat continue to keep, and waits to transplant a cutting after the germination, removes the stalk or the straw mat that cover; Cutting grow behind the 5-7 leaf cuttage seeding, carry out field-transplanting;
F, field-transplanting
The saline land selects the soil total salt content to be no more than the plot of 0.5wt%, and weeding wholely, makes land readjustment, soil particle particle diameter＜5mm; Press 1-1.5m row spacing ridging, the high 15-20cm in ridge digs pit in furrow, and hole diameter 15-20cm cheats dark 15cm, and the hole is apart from 50-100cm; Apply farmyard manure 0.5-1kg or composite fertilizer 5-10g in the hole, must treat the transplanted seedling hole; The cuttage seeding band soil that grows the 5-7 leaf in the step e seedbed is dug out, move into the said transplanted seedling of treating of this step and cheat the compacting of watering of banketing;
G, land for growing field crops field management
Transplant the back according to weather condition, optimum period, water, and keeps ground moistening, soil weight water content 25-30%; To stopping to water by the end of August, pressed 4500-5000m after mid or late September, transplanted seedling was fallen leaves
3/ hm
2Irrigation volume water 1 time permeable; Transplant and before back 1 year spring, transplanted seedling was turned green shallow rake is carried out in the plot, chesson, farmyard manure is spread fertilizer over the fields 1 time in the face of land.
It is preferred according to the present invention,
Composite fertilizer described in step a, the f, wherein N content is 15%, P
2O
5Content is 15%, K
2O content is 15%, is mass percent.
The soil particle particle diameter that is meant in small, broken bits is less than 5mm among the step a; Soil in small, broken bits can strengthen the gas permeability of soil, but the plot admixture sand that hardens serious or the crops straw of pulverizing.
The described wild venetum stem stalk of choosing of step b, preferably annual mid-July to early August; When choosing the stem section, on same plant, the preferred living then middle and lower part of stem section faces south, internode distance is 2-5cm, the branch of stem culm base diameter 0.6-1.0cm.When clip stem stalk was done to transplant a cutting, it is level and smooth that clip will keep.
The said thimerosal of step c is the mercuric chloride solution or the volumetric concentration 0.2% tpn solution of volumetric concentration 0.1%, soak time 10-20min.
Root-growing agent described in the step c is 1% Yin fourth abscisic acid, is the commercially available prod.Henan Province roc prestige Science and Technology Ltd. is on sale.
When the soaked cutting described in the steps d is stained with root with the mud that contains root-inducing powder, get final product by prior art.Preferably, be stained with root with also being added with commercially available drought-resistant water-preserving fertilizer-keeping agent in the mud.Further preferred, said root-inducing powder is No. 1, ABT root-inducing powder, Beijing Ai Bidi research and development centre (the Chinese Academy of Forestry's development) on sale.Described drought-resistant water-preserving fertilizer-keeping agent is that commercially available any has the product for agriculture of preserve moisture and fertility effect, and for example Tianjin Sannongjin Technology Co., Ltd. produces " Tianjin " series " efficient drought-resistant water-reataining fertilizer-keeping agent " sell, " the degradable type drought-resistant water-preserving fertilizer-keeping agent " that Shijiazhuang Jianyuan Starch Derivative Co., Ltd.'s product is sold.Be stained with root with the dosage of root-inducing powder in the mud by prior art, the dosage of drought-resistant water-preserving fertilizer-keeping agent is by prior art.
Weeding described in the step f can be artificial weeding or use the weed killer herbicide weeding that weeding two Zhou Houzai carry out soil cultivating.Weed killer herbicide is selected for use by prior art, can remove weeds and get final product, for example commercially available paraquat or glyphosate etc.
Can adopt the drip irrigation facility to water in the step g, keep the hole nest moistening, should sooner or later carry out.When receiving weeds harm, with weed killer herbicide or artificial weeding.Shallow rake described in the step g is degree of depth 3-5cm.Unspecified field management is all by prior art.
The raw material that does not specify in the above step is conventional commercially available.
The term explanation:
Tpn: chemical name 2,4,5,6-tetrachloro-1, the 3-dicyanobenzenes is wide spectrum, protective fungicide.
Glyphosate: chemical name N-((phosphonomethyl)) glycine, N-((phosphonomethyl)) amion acetic acid is a kind of organophosphorus herbicide.
Paraquat: chemical name: 1-1-dimethyl-4-4-bipyridine cation salt is a kind of quick steriland herbicide, has action of contace poison and certain systemic action.
Mercuric chloride: being commonly called as of mercury chloride is the important reagent of analytical chemistry, can do disinfectant and preservative.
The present invention compared with prior art excellent results is following:
1, utilize the stem section to carry out the bluish dogbane cottage propagation first.In the document of publishing at present, the patent, the relevant tame technology of bluish dogbane all is to utilize seed or root segment to breed, and utilizes the breeding of stem segment cuttage and achieve success to still belong to the first time.
2, protected wild venetum plantation resource.Compare with root segment breeding, transplanting plantation, utilize the breeding of stem segment cuttage to avoid the extinctive excavation of bluish dogbane to destroy.After the clip stem section, wild venetum still can continue original place hair tonic from the root, does not influence the protection of wild resource.
3, technology is simple, and planting speed is fast.Compare with seminal propagation, utilize stem segment cuttage fast growth, general 12-18 month can planting success on the saline land; The nutriment of stem section storage is more than seed storage, receives ectocine less, and rate of development is fast.And whole process flow is simple, the stem stalk of directly choosing in the growth is made cuttage seeding, reduced seed collection, the processing stage, saved the use link of greenhouse, booth, time and labour saving.Simultaneously, because the seedbed directly is based upon and treats kind of a plot, the vehicle transport of having avoided breeding behind the seedling shifts link, and direct transplanting is to the land for growing field crops nearby.
Experimental example
Below by concrete result of the test, further specify beneficial effect of the present invention.
One, table 1 is that stem section position, footpath are thick, the buried depth degree of depth and chemicals treatment influence result's experiment to stem segment cuttage survival rate.What wherein the stem section was chosen is Dongying City Guang Bei farm wild venetum plant mid-July, is divided into three kinds of positions, upper, middle and lower with scissor cut, with the cutting stem section of clip per 20 in order (cephlad-caudal consistent) tie up, be divided into control group and processed group.Processed group tied up be placed on 0.2% tpn solution soaking ten minutes, the sterilization back is taken out to transplant a cutting and is tied up, and rinses well with 30 ℃ of warm boiling water, places plastic containers, is mixed with the 1000ppm solution soaking 8 hours with root-growing agent.Half adds the ABT root-inducing powder with the drought-resistant water-preserving fertilizer-keeping agent and mixes mud for No. 1 and be stained with root with soaked cuttage stem section, and control group does not deal with direct cuttage contrast.Then two processing are carried out cuttage by buried depth 5cm and 10cm respectively, 2 months " Invest, Then Investigate " survival rates.See table 1.
Table 1 stem section position, footpath are thick, the buried depth degree of depth and chemicals treatment be to the table as a result that influences of stem segment cuttage survival rate
Can be found out that by table 1 position of stem section, the footpath is thick and buried depth all has remarkable influence to survival rate, whether no matter stem section top handle cuttage does not all become alive, during the buried depth 10cm of middle part after the chemicals treatment survival rate reach 33.3%, contrast is merely 22.0%; And the base portion stem slightly the cuttage survival rate more than 0.4cm surpass 60%, survival rate reaches 85.6% during control group buried depth 10cm, buried depth 5cm and 10cm survival rate can bring up to 74.8% and 90.5% respectively after chemicals treatment, effect is remarkable.
Two, table 2 is that the one-tenth situation of living behind the transplanting of the cutting behind the cutting survival land for growing field crops is tested.This test is carried out in three places such as herbage proving ground, two another arena, Dongying City Guang Bei farm, base, Dongying City landscape bureau nursery, Kenli County woods villages respectively.Cuttage seeding in early July, 2009 cuttage is transplanted behind the land for growing field crops broad irrigation mid-September 1 time then, investigates the field survival rate mid-October.
Table 2 cuttage seeding field-transplanting survival rate information slip
Find out that by table 3 after cuttage seeding was transplanted, the land for growing field crops survival rate was all more than 80%.
Embodiment
The present invention has carried out test respectively and has implemented in proving ground, two another arenaes, Dongying City Guang Bei farm, base, Dongying City landscape bureau nursery and Kenli County woods village, below in conjunction with embodiment the present invention is further specified.
The said medicament of embodiment is explained as follows:
Root-growing agent is 1% Yin fourth abscisic acid, and LongMang Fusheng Technology Co., Ltd, Sichuan produces.
The drought-resistant water-preserving fertilizer-keeping agent is a kind of agent for preserving soil moisture and modifying agent, and Tianjin Sannongjin Technology Co., Ltd. produces.
ABT root-inducing powder No. 1 (ABT1 number), Beijing Ai Bidi research and development centre product.
The raw material that does not specify among the embodiment is conventional commercially available.
Embodiment 1:
Herbage proving ground, two another arena, Dongying City Guang Bei farm, experimental field area 1335m
2, experimental field foundation soil fertility situation such as following table 3 begin the cuttage test in mid-July, 2008.
Each proving ground soil fertility situation of table 3
Concrete steps are following:
Prepare in a, seedbed
Intending on the soil of preparing the plantation bluish dogbane, choose 10 * 10m
2The plot do the seedbed, wheat stalk and farmyard manure that admixture is pulverized are ploughed deeply 20cm, rake carefully, periphery is done furrow, presses 4500m
3/ hm
2Irrigation volume broad irrigation one time, to press alkali.Farmyard manure 150kg, pulverizing wheat stalk 100kg and soil mixing apply.Press 1m row spacing ridging, the high 15cm in ridge digs triplex row bar ditch in furrow, ditch depth 15cm, and wide 20cm, the soil of corrugate is placed on bank temporarily, in order to the landfill cuttage seeding;
B, stem section are chosen
By the end of July, choose the thick shape branch of base diameter greater than 0.4cm, the stem stalk of the long 15cm of clip is as transplanting a cutting; During the clip branch, last clip is positioned at phyllopodium top, branch top 1.5cm, removes lower blade, stays top 1-2 sheet blade; It is level and smooth that clip is wanted, and the upper end clip is cut into horizontal plane, and the lower end clip is cut into the inclined-plane; Get the cutting of clip;
C, stem section are handled
Cephlad-caudal is consistent in order ties up with per 20 of the cutting of clip; It is immersed in immersion sterilization in 10 minutes in the volumetric concentration 0.2% tpn solution; The sterilization back is taken out to transplant a cutting and is tied up, and rinses well with 30 ℃ of warm boiling water, places plastic containers; Be mixed with the solution of 1000ppm with root-growing agent 1% Yin fourth abscisic acid, soaked 8 hours; Get soaked cutting;
D, cuttage
Soaked cutting is stained with root with the mud that contains No. 1, drought-resistant water-preserving fertilizer-keeping agent and ABT root-inducing powder, every then at a distance from 15cm, uprightly place by stem stalk direction of growth subsides limes marginis, the earthen backfill on the bank is buried, press 4500m
3/ hm
2Irrigation volume irrigate; The capable generation sedimentation of ditch continued landfill dry ground, until stem section buried depth 10cm, all cuttage is built shading screen, light transmittance 40% after finishing;
E, seedbed management
According to weather and soil regime, in time irrigate the seedbed, keep ground moistening; After temperature is lower than 15 ℃, remove shading screen, stalks mulching is in order to transplanting a cutting safe overwintering; Arrive 1 year spring, and the stalk of covering continues to keep, and waits to transplant a cutting after the germination, according to circumstances removes the stalk that covers;
F, field-transplanting
Use the glyphosate weed eradication, carry out farming after two weeks, make land readjustment, soil particle particle diameter＜5mm; Press 1m row spacing ridging, the high 15cm in ridge,, in furrow, digging pit, hole diameter 20cm cheats dark 15cm, and the hole is apart from 80cm; Apply farmyard manure 1kg in the hole; After treating that cuttage seeding grows the 6-7 leaf, transplant; During transplanting cuttage seeding band soil is dug out, move in the hole compacting of watering of banketing;
G, land for growing field crops field management
Transplant the back according to weather condition, adopt drip irrigation facility optimum period to water, keep ground moistening; To cutting off the water the back 4500m that presses of mid or late September fallen leaves by the end of August
3/ hm
2Irrigation volume water 1 time permeable; When receiving weeds harm, with weed killer herbicide or artificial weeding; Transplant and before back 1 year spring, transplanted seedling was turned green 5cm depth rake is carried out in the plot, chesson, farmyard manure is spread fertilizer over the fields 1 time in the face of land.
Embodiment 2:
Base, Dongying City landscape bureau nursery is positioned at northeast, Dongying City city, experimental field area 800m
2, experimental field foundation soil fertility situation such as following table 4 begin the cuttage test in August, 2008.
Concrete steps are following:
Prepare in a, seedbed
On the soil of preparing the plantation bluish dogbane, choose 5 * 10m
2The plot is as the seedbed.Admixture sand 50kg, farmyard manure 75kg plough deeply 20cm, and it is thin to rake, and periphery is done furrow, presses 5000m
3/ hm
2Irrigation volume broad irrigation one time, to press alkali; Press 1m row spacing ridging, the high 20cm in ridge digs triplex row bar ditch in every furrow, ditch depth 15cm, and wide 20cm, the soil of corrugate is placed on bank temporarily, in order to the landfill cuttage seeding.
B, stem section are chosen
Mid-August, choose the base portion thick shape branch of diameter, the cutting of the long 20cm of clip greater than 0.4cm.During sampling, on same plant, transplant a cutting and select to give birth to then the branch that the middle and lower part faces south, and internode is shorter, branches and leaves are sturdy.Clip is level and smooth, and the upper end is cut into horizontal plane, and the lower end clip is cut into the inclined-plane.During the clip branch, last clip is positioned at about the 1.5cm of phyllopodium top, branch top, removes lower blade, stays top 1-2 sheet blade; It is level and smooth that clip is wanted, and the upper end clip is cut into horizontal plane, and the lower end clip is cut into the inclined-plane; Get the cutting of clip;
C, stem section are handled
The per 30 cephlad-caudal unanimities of the cutting of clip are tied up in order; Be placed on volumetric concentration 0.2% tpn solution soaking 10 minutes tying up; The sterilization back is taken out to transplant a cutting and is tied up, and rinses well with 40 ℃ of warm boiling water, places plastic containers; Be mixed with the 1000ppm solution soaking 10 hours with root-growing agent 1% Yin fourth abscisic acid, get soaked cutting;
D, cuttage
Soaked cutting is stained with root with the mud that contains No. 1, drought-resistant water-preserving fertilizer-keeping agent and ABT root-inducing powder, every then at a distance from 15cm, uprightly place by stem stalk direction of growth subsides limes marginis, the earthen backfill on the bank is buried, press 5000m
3/ hm
2Irrigation volume water spray irrigate; The capable generation sedimentation of ditch continued landfill dry ground, until stem section buried depth 10cm, all cuttage is built shading screen, light transmittance 50% after finishing;
E, seedbed management
According to weather and soil regime, in time irrigate the seedbed, keep ground moistening; After temperature is lower than 15 ℃, remove shading screen, stalks mulching is in order to transplanting a cutting safe overwintering; Arrive 1 year spring, and the stalk of covering continues to keep, and waits to transplant a cutting after the germination, according to circumstances removes the stalk that covers;
F, field-transplanting
Use the glyphosate weed eradication, carry out farming after two weeks, make land readjustment, soil particle particle diameter＜5mm; Press 1m row spacing ridging, the high 15cm in ridge,, in furrow, digging pit, hole diameter 20cm cheats dark 15cm, and the hole is apart from 60cm; Apply composite fertilizer 5g in the hole; After treating that cuttage seeding grows the 6-7 leaf, transplant; During transplanting cuttage seeding band soil is dug out, move in the hole compacting of watering of banketing; Cuttage seeding surrounding soil natural subsidence forms low-lying ground after the compacting, and needn't banket and cover flatly this moment, helps keeping away alkaline stress.
G, land for growing field crops field management
Transplant the back according to weather condition, adopt drip irrigation facility optimum period to water, keep ground moistening; To cutting off the water the back 5000m that presses of mid or late September fallen leaves by the end of August
3/ hm
2Irrigation volume water 1 time permeable; When receiving weeds harm, with weed killer herbicide or artificial weeding; Transplant and before back 1 year spring, transplanted seedling was turned green 3cm depth rake is carried out in the plot, chesson, farmyard manure is spread fertilizer over the fields 1 time in the face of land.
Embodiment 3:
West, woods village, Qing Tuo town, Kenli County adjacent the Yellow River, experimental field area 1800m
2, irrigation conditions is sufficient, but the soil salinization is serious.Experimental field foundation soil fertility situation such as following table 4 begin the cuttage test in August, 2009.
Concrete steps are following:
Prepare in a, seedbed
On the soil of preparing the plantation bluish dogbane, choose 10 * 12m
2The plot is as the seedbed.Admixture farmyard manure 150kg ploughs deeply 20cm, and it is thin to rake, and periphery is done furrow, presses 4800m
3/ hm
2Irrigation volume broad irrigation one time is to press alkali.Press 1m row spacing ridging, the high 20cm in ridge digs triplex row bar ditch in every furrow, ditch depth 15cm, and wide 20cm, the soil of corrugate is placed on bank temporarily, in order to the landfill cuttage seeding.
B, stem section are chosen
Early August, choose the base portion thick shape branch of diameter around, the cutting of the long 15cm of clip greater than 0.4cm.During the clip branch, on same plant, transplant a cutting and select to give birth to then the branch that the middle and lower part faces south, and internode is shorter, branches and leaves are sturdy.Clip is level and smooth, and the upper end is cut into horizontal plane, and the lower end clip is cut into the inclined-plane.During the clip branch, last clip is positioned at about the 1.5cm of phyllopodium top, branch top, removes lower blade, stays top 1-2 sheet blade; It is level and smooth that clip is wanted, and the upper end clip is cut into horizontal plane, and the lower end clip is cut into the inclined-plane; Get the cutting of clip;
C, stem section are handled
The per 30 cephlad-caudal unanimities of the cutting of clip are tied up in order; Be placed on volumetric concentration 0.2% tpn solution soaking 10 minutes tying up; The sterilization back is taken out to transplant a cutting and is tied up, and rinses well with warm boiling water, places plastic containers; Be mixed with the 1000ppm solution soaking 12 hours with root-growing agent 1% Yin fourth abscisic acid, get soaked cutting;
D, cuttage
Soaked cutting is stained with root with the mud that contains No. 1, ABT root-inducing powder, every then at a distance from 15cm, paste limes marginis by the stem stalk direction of growth and uprightly place, the earthen backfill on the bank is buried, press 4800m
3/ hm
2Irrigation volume water spray irrigate; The capable generation sedimentation of ditch continued landfill dry ground, until stem section buried depth 10cm, all cuttage is built shading screen, light transmittance 40% after finishing;
E, seedbed management
According to weather and soil regime, in time irrigate the seedbed, keep ground moistening; After temperature is lower than 15 ℃, remove shading screen, stalks mulching is in order to transplanting a cutting safe overwintering; Arrive 1 year spring, and the stalk of covering continues to keep, and waits to transplant a cutting after the germination, according to circumstances removes the stalk that covers;
F, field-transplanting
Earlier use the glyphosate herbicidal weed eradication, carry out farming after two weeks, make land readjustment, soil particle particle diameter＜5mm; Press 1m row spacing ridging, the high 20cm in ridge digs pit in furrow, and hole diameter 20cm cheats dark 15cm, and the hole is apart from 50cm.Apply composite fertilizer 10g in the hole in advance.Treat to transplant after cuttage seeding grows the 6-7 leaf.Band soil digs out during transplanting, moves in the hole compacting of watering of banketing.Cuttage seeding surrounding soil natural subsidence forms low-lying ground after the compacting, and needn't banket and cover flatly this moment, helps keeping away alkaline stress.Apply composite fertilizer 10g in the hole in advance.
G, land for growing field crops field management
Transplant the back according to weather condition, adopt the Huanghe water flood irrigation to water, keep the hole nest moistening, should sooner or later carry out.To cutting off the water the back 4800m that presses of mid or late September fallen leaves by the end of August
3/ hm
2Irrigation volume water 1 time permeable.Transplant and before back 1 year spring, transplanted seedling was turned green 4cm depth rake is carried out in the plot, chesson, farmyard manure is spread fertilizer over the fields 1 time in the face of land.
Claims (8)
1. a method of on the saline land, utilizing stem segment cuttage breeding bluish dogbane is characterized in that comprising the steps:
Prepare in a, seedbed
On the soil of preparing the plantation bluish dogbane, 30-50m is chosen on every mu of ground
2The plot do the seedbed, the seedbed is ploughed deeply, is harrowed, the whole ground of a kind of farm tools makes land readjustment, soil is in small, broken bits; Do furrow, press 4500-5000m
3/ hm
2Irrigation volume flood irrigation one time; Apply as base manure with farmyard manure or composite fertilizer, farmyard manure applies by every square metre of 1.5-2kg and soil mixing, composite fertilizer by clay fertilizer than 100kg: (5-7) the g mixing applies; Press 1-1.5m row spacing ridging, the high 15-20cm in ridge digs triplex row bar ditch in furrow, ditch depth 15cm, and wide 20-30cm, the soil of corrugate is placed on bank temporarily, in order to the landfill cuttage seeding;
B, stem section are chosen
Choose the branch of wild venetum stem culm base diameter greater than 0.4cm, the stem stalk of the long 15-20cm of clip is as transplanting a cutting; During the clip branch, last clip is positioned at phyllopodium top, branch top 1.3-1.6cm, and 1-2 sheet blade is stayed at the branch top; Said cutting upper end clip is cut into horizontal plane, and the lower end clip is cut into the inclined-plane; Get the cutting of clip;
C, stem section are handled
The cutting of the clip that step b is made per 20-30 in order consistent being bundled into of cephlad-caudal transplant a cutting bundle; Use the medicining liquid dipping sterilization, take out afterwards to transplant a cutting and tie, rinse well with 30-40 ℃ of warm boiling water; Place plastic containers; Be mixed with the solution of 1000ppm with root-growing agent, soaked 8-12 hour, soaked cutting;
D, cuttage
The soaked cutting that step c makes is stained with root with the mud that contains root-inducing powder, every then at a distance from 10-20cm, paste limes marginis by the stem stalk direction of growth and uprightly place, the earthen backfill on the bank is buried, press 4500-5000m
3/ hm
2Irrigation volume water spray irrigate; The capable generation sedimentation of ditch continued landfill dry ground, until stem section buried depth 8-12cm, all cuttage is built shading screen, light transmittance 10%-50% after finishing;
E, seedbed management
According to weather and soil regime, in time irrigate the seedbed, keep ground moistening, soil weight water content 25-35%; When temperature is lower than 15 ℃, remove shading screen, stalks mulching or straw mat are in order to transplanting a cutting safe overwintering; Arrive 1 year spring, and the stalk of covering or straw mat continue to keep, and waits to transplant a cutting after the germination, removes the stalk or the straw mat that cover; Cutting grow behind the 5-7 leaf cuttage seeding, carry out field-transplanting;
F, field-transplanting
The saline land selects the soil total salt content to be no more than the plot of 0.5wt%, and weeding wholely, makes land readjustment, soil particle particle diameter＜5mm; Press 1-1.5m row spacing ridging, the high 15-20cm in ridge digs pit in furrow, and hole diameter 15-20cm cheats dark 15cm, and the hole is apart from 50-100cm; Apply farmyard manure 0.5-1kg or composite fertilizer 5-10g in the hole, must treat the transplanted seedling hole; The cuttage seeding band soil that grows the 5-7 leaf in the step e seedbed is dug out, move into the said transplanted seedling of treating of this step and cheat the compacting of watering of banketing;
G, land for growing field crops field management
Transplant the back according to weather condition, optimum period, water, and keeps ground moistening, soil weight water content 25-30%; To stopping to water by the end of August, pressed 4500-5000m after mid or late September, transplanted seedling was fallen leaves
3/ hm
2Irrigation volume water 1 time permeable; Transplant and before back 1 year spring, transplanted seedling was turned green shallow rake is carried out in the plot, chesson, farmyard manure is spread fertilizer over the fields 1 time in the face of land.
2. the method for claim 1 is characterized in that, the composite fertilizer described in step a, the f, and wherein N content is 15%, P
2O
5Content is 15%, K
2O content is 15%, is mass percent.
3. the method for claim 1 is characterized in that, the soil particle particle diameter that is meant in small, broken bits is less than 5mm among the step a; Soil in small, broken bits can strengthen the gas permeability of soil, but the plot admixture sand that hardens serious or the crops straw of pulverizing.
4. the method for claim 1; It is characterized in that, the described wild venetum stem stalk of choosing of step b, annual mid-July to early August; When choosing the stem section; On same plant, the preferred living then middle and lower part of stem section faces south, internode distance is 2-5cm, the branch of stem culm base diameter 0.6-1.0cm; When clip stem stalk was done to transplant a cutting, it is level and smooth that clip keeps.
5. the method for claim 1 is characterized in that, the said thimerosal of step c is the mercuric chloride solution or the volumetric concentration 0.2% tpn solution of volumetric concentration 0.1%, soak time 10-20min.
6. the method for claim 1 is characterized in that, the cutting described in the steps d is stained with root with in the mud, also is added with commercially available drought-resistant water-preserving fertilizer-keeping agent.
7. the method for claim 1 is characterized in that, adopts the drip irrigation facility to water in the step g, is sooner or later carrying out.
8. the method for claim 1 is characterized in that, the shallow rake described in the step g is degree of depth 3-5cm.
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| CN102792842A (en) * | 2012-08-29 | 2012-11-28 | 山东省农业可持续发展研究所 | Planting method of switchgrass in alkaline land |
| CN105027915A (en) * | 2015-07-24 | 2015-11-11 | 潍坊友容实业有限公司 | Method for interplanting apocynum venetum and garlic in saline and alkaline land |
| CN107223515A (en) * | 2017-06-28 | 2017-10-03 | 梁国柱 | A kind of bluish dogbane cultural method suitable for heavy saline area |
| CN108521923A (en) * | 2018-03-12 | 2018-09-14 | 江苏新亿源环保科技有限公司 | A method of administering the salinization of soil |
| CN112024587A (en) * | 2020-08-21 | 2020-12-04 | 福建荣冠环境建设集团有限公司 | Municipal ecological restoration construction technology |
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Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN102742451A (en) * | 2012-07-30 | 2012-10-24 | 山东省农业可持续发展研究所 | Method for utilizing stem section cuttage to propagate aeluropus |
| CN102742451B (en) * | 2012-07-30 | 2013-12-25 | 山东省农业可持续发展研究所 | Method for utilizing stem section cuttage to propagate aeluropus |
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| CN105027915A (en) * | 2015-07-24 | 2015-11-11 | 潍坊友容实业有限公司 | Method for interplanting apocynum venetum and garlic in saline and alkaline land |
| CN107223515A (en) * | 2017-06-28 | 2017-10-03 | 梁国柱 | A kind of bluish dogbane cultural method suitable for heavy saline area |
| CN108521923A (en) * | 2018-03-12 | 2018-09-14 | 江苏新亿源环保科技有限公司 | A method of administering the salinization of soil |
| CN108521923B (en) * | 2018-03-12 | 2021-03-12 | 北京世纪农丰土地科技有限公司 | Method for treating soil salinization |
| CN112024587A (en) * | 2020-08-21 | 2020-12-04 | 福建荣冠环境建设集团有限公司 | Municipal ecological restoration construction technology |
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