CN102422768A - Method for planting andrographis paniculata - Google Patents

Method for planting andrographis paniculata Download PDF

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Publication number
CN102422768A
CN102422768A CN2011102821451A CN201110282145A CN102422768A CN 102422768 A CN102422768 A CN 102422768A CN 2011102821451 A CN2011102821451 A CN 2011102821451A CN 201110282145 A CN201110282145 A CN 201110282145A CN 102422768 A CN102422768 A CN 102422768A
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herba andrographitis
andrographis paniculata
planting
corn
furrow
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邓乔华
黄勇
李楚源
王德勤
徐友阳
蔡玉辉
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GUANGZHOU BAIYUNSHAN HEJI HUANGPU CHINESE MEDICINE CO Ltd
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GUANGZHOU BAIYUNSHAN HEJI HUANGPU CHINESE MEDICINE CO Ltd
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Abstract

The invention discloses a method for planting andrographis paniculata. The method comprises the following steps of (1) selecting full andrographis paniculata seeds with thousand seed weight above 0.93 g, soaking the selected seeds for 24-30 hours under a temperature of 40-50 DEG C; culturing seedlings to 10-15 cm; (2) making furrow with the width of 1.3-1.5 m and the height of 15-20 cm, planting corns at two sides of the furrow, wherein 1-2 corns are planted in each hole with the spacing of 20-25 cm; (3) transplanting the andrographis paniculata seedlings of step (1) in the center of the furrow, planting 1-2 seedlings in each hole with the spacing of 20-30 cm, and watering roots; (4) performing field management for the interplanted andrographis paniculata and corns in step (3) till the andrographis paniculata grows out 3-5 cm away from the ground, cutting the part above the ground. In the invention, the andrographis paniculata and the corns are interplanted, so that the advantages of growth space and time of high stalk corns and low stalk andrographis paniculata can be realized; the high stalk corns develop the advantages of early seeding and sun shading during the growth period of the andrographis paniculata; the light intensity can be effectively reduced after the andrographis paniculata are transplanted; the andrographis paniculata can be prevented from sun burn, therefore, the growth of the andrographis paniculata can be promoted.

Description

The kind method for planting of Herba Andrographitis
Technical field
The present invention relates to the kind method for planting of medicine planting technology field, especially Herba Andrographitis.
Background technology
Herba Andrographitis is acanthaceous plant Herba Andrographitis [Andrographis paniculata (Burm.f.) Nees]; Be used as medicine with herb or leaf; Be that tcm clinical practice is used more medicinal material; Also be the important source material of many Chinese patent drugs, preparation has chuanxinlian tablet, andrographolide sheet, sodium sulphite andrographolide parenteral solution etc.
Herba Andrographitis is perennial or annual herb, 8~September of florescence, really October phase.Herba Andrographitis happiness warm and moist weather is afraid of arid, if long-time arid do not water, poor growth then, leaf is narrow and small, prematurity influences output.Plant strain growth was rapid, with luxuriant foliage and spreading branches in leafy profusion when 25~30 ℃ of plant strain growth optimum temperatures, about 27 ℃ of temperature had enough rainwater; When temperature descends 15~20 ℃, poor growth is only bloomed and shakyly maybe can not be bloomed; When reducing to 7~8 ℃, growth stops, and blade becomes aubergine; Run into frost or hypothermic phase when longer, plant is all withered; Meet light frost time in the short time winter, only branch is withered, and 1 year spring can sprout again.
The existing modes of reproduction commonly used of Herba Andrographitis is seminal propagation.Generally with method for culturing and transplanting seedlings plantation, but also open field live broadcast on the south the Changjiang river.General sowing in 4~May, seed-plot is suitable for sowing at the beginning of 3 months, and the area that temperature is lower will suitably be done sth. in advance sowing and grown seedlings with heating method.
The Herba Andrographitis cropping patterns that adopt plantation then to gather then generally want suitable early sowing to prolong breeding time more.Be afraid of drought in the Herba Andrographitis process of growth, not anti-strong illumination, especially seedling stage are exposed to the sun by strong sunlight, and blade is prone to burn and undergrowth, yields poorly, and is of poor quality.On producing, adopt the mode of taking the sunshade net to prevent being exposed to the sun, not only time-consuming, and also investment is bigger, and economic benefit is low, is unfavorable for the large tracts of land popularization.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is directed to deficiency, propose a kind of kind method for planting of Herba Andrographitis, can surpass growth under 35 ℃ of high temperature, and practice thrift cost.
In order to realize the foregoing invention purpose, the present invention provides following technical scheme: a kind of kind method for planting of Herba Andrographitis may further comprise the steps:
1., select Herba Andrographitis seed full seed for use, thousand kernel weight is more than 0.93g, 40~50 ℃ were soaked 24~30 hours down; Breeding station to 10~15cm;
2., be wide 1.3~1.5m, the furrow of high 15~20cm, at furrow both sides dibbling corn, 1~2 in every cave, spacing in the rows 20~25cm;
3., 1. the Herba Andrographitis seedling replanting is in the furrow centre for step, every cave plants seedling 1~2 strain, spacing in the rows is 20~30cm, waters normal root water one time;
4., to planting between step Herba Andrographitis and corn 3., carry out field management, growing to overhead to Herba Andrographitis, 3~5cm place extracts acrial part.
Preferably, step 3. the transplanting of Herba Andrographitis for cloudy day, rainy day or open at dusk the cave and transplant.
Preferably, step 2. corn be 150~200 days kind of fertility.
Preferably, step Herba Andrographitis consumption 3. is 2.0~2.5kg/667m 2
Preferably, step 2. corn seeding early than step 3. Herba Andrographitis transplanted 30~40 days.
Compared with prior art; The present invention adopts the interplanting mode of Herba Andrographitis and corn, plants Herba Andrographitis, can fully play high stalk corn and the advantage of Herba Andrographitis of short stem growing space and time; The corn of high stalk is in Herba Andrographitis vegetative period; Especially the advantage that the early sowing of high stalk corn is sheltered from heat or light has been brought into play in the effect of sunshade in seedling stage, well uses natural resourcess such as light, heat, water, gas.Corn and Herba Andrographitis collocation can effectively reduce Herba Andrographitis and transplant the back intensity of illumination, prevent sun burns Herba Andrographitis, promote the Herba Andrographitis growth; Reduce soil water evaporation, help preserving ground moistening; Can also reduce the generation of disease pest and weed, increase economic efficiency.
The advantage of Herba Andrographitis and corn interplanting:
1, the seedling-protection that shelters from heat or light: when the spring corn of transplanting ground grows to 1 meter for a long time, interplanting Herba Andrographitis, the stalk of corn and leaf can be the Herba Andrographitis transplanted seedling and shelter from heat or light, and have solved the punching transplanted seedling and have been afraid of that high temperature tans by the sun the problem of (the Herba Andrographitis seedling surpasses 35 ℃, and burning sun is exposed to the sun, and bright seedling phenomenon occurs).
2, stagger vegetative period: when 7-8 month Herba Andrographitis got into peak of growing season, corn had been gathered, and did not influence the growth (Herba Andrographitis is grown under the condition that excessively covers, and plant is high and slim and frahile, and it is slower to yield positive results) of Herba Andrographitis.
3, cost is low: corn is arranged for the Herba Andrographitis transplanted seedling shelters from heat or light, reduce artificial sunshade and pouring expense.The pouring number of times reduces, and the number of times that loosens the soil also can reduce, thereby has reduced labour cost.
4, additional income: Herba Andrographitis and interplanting corn, increased the income (about 500 yuan/mu) of corn, Herba Andrographitis is also guaranteed both quality and quantity.
The mechanism of interplanting mode of the present invention is following:
1, Herba Andrographitis and corn interplanting can replace the effect of sunshade net
The growth characteristics of Herba Andrographitis are happiness temperature, happiness light, are afraid of arid, are afraid of to meet in high light, especially seedling stage high temperature and intense light irradiation, the very easily dead seedling of Herba Andrographitis seedling.Manyly in the past prevented with the modes that cover the sunshade net that strong illumination to seedling was dead, cost is high and waste time and energy, and has seriously limited the establishing in large scale of Herba Andrographitis medicinal material.Can solve the seedling stage strong illumination to the dead problem of seedling through the Herba Andrographitis interplanting corn, can also obtain favorable economic benefit simultaneously.
2, the interplanting of Herba Andrographitis corn and other cover operation modes utilize the difference of illumination
Mostly other cover operation mode principles are to improve resource (soil, temperature, light, water) availability; Wherein illumination being required is the next uniform irradiation, prevents to shade, and reaching upper and the next crop can both good use luminous energy; And Herba Andrographitis interplanting corn is to prevent that illumination is mapped on the Herba Andrographitis blade; Be that means with interplanting reach the purpose of sheltering from heat or light, simultaneously, taken into account the economic benefit of interplanting.Therefore, Herba Andrographitis interplanting corn and other cover operation mode there are differences in that illumination is utilized on the mode.
Embodiment
A kind of kind method for planting of Herba Andrographitis may further comprise the steps:
1, breeding is selected
Select the kind of corn to require to be compact, kind resistant to lodging, the corn variety fertility required about 150 days, and seed is full, germination rate is high; Herba Andrographitis is light yellow and the yellowish-brown full seed, and thousand kernel weight is more than 0.93g.To be exposed to the sun 1-2 days before the sowing.
2, wholely
The land for growing field crops is executed to become thoroughly decomposed and is made base manure, and soil deeptillage is harrowed carefully smoothly, is wide 1.3~1.5m, opens the ditch of dark 20cm around the furrow of high 15~20cm, furrow.
3, Herba Andrographitis is grown seedlings
Educate the meticulous whole ground of seed bed preparation requirement, make wide 1.2~1.5m, high 10~15cm furrow.In conjunction with wholely every mu execute well-rotted farmyard manure 2500kg and fused calcium magnesium phosphate 20kg.With the emerge in worm water of 40~50 ℃ in selected Herba Andrographitis seed 24 hours, soaked seed was wrapped with cloth, rubs, and partly wearing and tearing with wax coat gets final product.After planting cover the sunshade net, will note water and fertilizer management and weeding seedling stage.The Herba Andrographitis sowing quantity of growing seedlings is 2.0kg/667m 2, during sowing can with the fine sand mixing after broadcast sowing.
4, corn seeding
Adopt the mode dibbling corn of bunch planting in ready-made furrow both sides, 1~2 in every cave, spacing in the rows 25cm.The corn seeding time is transplanted Zao about 35 days of phase than Herba Andrographitis.
5, Herba Andrographitis is transplanted
When Herba Andrographitis seedling length arrives the 10cm left and right sides, select cloudy day, rainy day or open the cave transplanting at dusk.Every cave plants seedling 1~2 strain, suitably plants deeply, will water normal root water after the transplanting one time.
6, field management
In time look into after the transplanting to lack and fill the gaps with seedlings, the whole growth puberty will be noted rich water quality management, and it is main topdressing with nitrogenous fertilizer, and phosphorus potash fertilizer is auxilliary, notes drainage waterlogging prevention, keeps ground moistening, prevention and elimination of disease and pests in time, weeding.
Herba Andrographitis can not singlely impose nitrogenous fertilizer, especially urea, nitrogen phosphorus potassium compounding application.Topdress for the last time and should carry out in preceding 30 days in harvesting.Herba Andrographitis will adopt artificial weeding, bans use of weed killer herbicide.Damage by disease and insect will adopt method for integrated control, does not use " three height " " three cause " agricultural chemicals.
7, gather
After the corn maturation, the corncob of gathering also can cut off the stem stalk.
Choosing is fine, extracts the Herba Andrographitis acrial part at about 3cm place overhead with reaping hook.Should be in time dry after the harvesting, dry.
Describe the present invention below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the description of this part only is exemplary and explanatory, should any restriction not arranged to protection scope of the present invention.
Embodiment 1
Overview experimental field: Herba Andrographitis base, Qingyuan City located in subtropical zone, belong to the subtropics monsoon climate, high temperature and rainy is main climate characteristic, and Xia Changdong is warm, and rainfall is abundant.Average annual rainfall is 1500~2000 millimeters, and 1000~1200 millimeters of annual evaporation discharge belong to humid region.About 20 ℃ of average temperature of the whole year, the minimum air temperature is January, and at 8~21 ℃, the maximum air temperature is July, 27~29 ℃ of the moons, and about 0 ℃ of the extreme minimum air temperature, about 35 ℃ of the extreme highest temperatures; Frost-free season is long, and frost and snow weather is few, year frost-free season average out to 314.4 days.The annual sunshine duration is from north and south increases, 1950 hours sunshine of annual.
The lance pool, bight town village carried out in Herba Andrographitis GAP base in Qingyuan City in 2009, and the interplanting corn variety is that compact is tucked in single No. 12.
1, seed treatment
The Herba Andrographitis seed of selected thousand kernel weight greater than 0.93g was exposed to the sun 2 days, and with 40~50 ℃ emerge in worm water 24 hours, water was changed 2 times in the centre.Soaked seed is wrapped with cloth, rubs 5min.The interplanting corn variety is that compact is tucked in single No. 12.
2, wholely
Farmyard manure 2000~3000kg, the fused calcium magnesium phosphate 10kg that fully becomes thoroughly decomposed executed in the land for growing field crops for every mu, and soil deeptillage is harrowed carefully smoothly, laterally is wide 1.5m along the hillside fields, opens the ditch of dark 20cm around the furrow of high 15~20cm, furrow.
3, corn seeding
April 18, the mode dibbling corn of employing bunch planting in ready-made furrow both sides, every cave 1-2 grain, spacing in the rows 25cm.
4, seedling raising and transplanting
Educate the meticulous whole ground of seed bed preparation requirement, mu executes well-rotted farmyard manure 2500kg and fused calcium magnesium phosphate 20kg makes base manure, makes wide 1.5m, high 10~15cm furrow.In sowing on April 13, seeding quantity is 2.5kg/667m2, broadcasts sowing behind Herba Andrographitis seed and the fine sand mixing.After planting cover one deck straw, preserve ground moistening, weeding in time seedling stage.
May 24, height of seedling requires to reach 10cm, during 6-8 sheet true leaf, opens the cave in cloudy day, rainy day or the dusk and transplants.Every cave plants seedling 1~2 strain, suitably plants deeply, will water normal root water after the transplanting one time.The transplanting distance between rows and hills is 20cm * 20cm.
5, field management
In time look into after the transplanting to lack and fill the gaps with seedlings, the whole growth puberty will topdress 3 times, transplants 20 days nitrogen dressing 5kg, respectively at 50 days and 80 days nitrogen dressing 7kg, composite fertilizer 10kg; Note drainage waterlogging prevention, keep ground moistening; Adopt artificial weeding.
6, gather
Behind the harvest corn, the stem stalk is cut off.Contain the flower bud phase at Herba Andrographitis, choosing is fine, extracts acrial part at about 3cm place overhead with reaping hook.Should be in time dry after the harvesting, dry.
Embodiment 2
Deng Gutang village, bight town carried out in Herba Andrographitis GAP base in Qingyuan City in 2008, and the interplanting corn variety is a compact Yedan No.13 number.
1, seed treatment
The Herba Andrographitis seed of selected thousand kernel weight greater than 0.93g was exposed to the sun 2 days, and with 40~50 ℃ emerge in worm water 24 hours, water was changed 2 times in the centre.Soaked seed is wrapped with cloth, rubs 5min.The interplanting corn variety is a compact Yedan No.13 number.
2, wholely
Farmyard manure 2000~3000kg, the fused calcium magnesium phosphate 10kg that fully becomes thoroughly decomposed executed in the land for growing field crops for every mu, and soil deeptillage is harrowed carefully smoothly, laterally is wide 1.4m along the hillside fields, opens the ditch of dark 20cm around the furrow of high 15~20cm, furrow.
3, corn seeding
April 15, the mode dibbling corn of employing bunch planting in ready-made furrow both sides, every cave 1-2 grain, spacing in the rows 25cm.
4, seedling raising and transplanting
Educate the meticulous whole ground of seed bed preparation requirement, mu executes well-rotted farmyard manure 2500kg and fused calcium magnesium phosphate 20kg makes base manure, makes wide 1.5m, high 10~15cm furrow.In sowing on April 15, seeding quantity is 2.5kg/667m 2, broadcast sowing behind Herba Andrographitis seed and the fine sand mixing.After planting cover one deck straw, preserve ground moistening, weeding in time seedling stage.
May 22, height of seedling requires to reach 10cm, during 6-8 sheet true leaf, opens the cave in cloudy day, rainy day or the dusk and transplants.Every cave plants seedling 1~2 strain, suitably plants deeply, will water normal root water after the transplanting one time.The transplanting distance between rows and hills is 20cm * 20cm.
5, field management
In time look into after the transplanting to lack and fill the gaps with seedlings, the whole growth puberty will topdress 3 times, transplants 20 days nitrogen dressing 5kg, respectively at 50 days and 80 days nitrogen dressing 7kg, composite fertilizer 10kg; Note drainage waterlogging prevention, keep ground moistening; Adopt artificial weeding.
6, gather
Behind the harvest corn, the stem stalk is cut off.In Herba Andrographitis squaring period, choosing is fine, extracts acrial part at about 3cm place overhead with reaping hook.Should be in time dry after the harvesting, dry.
The foregoing description 1 and 2 products are carried out correlated performance relatively, and shown in following table 1 and 2, wherein not interplanting mode is meant by usual manner and plants Herba Andrographitis separately.
Table 1 interplanting Herba Andrographitis economical character relatively
Figure BDA0000093131870000081
Can know by table 1, the Herba Andrographitis that adopts interplanting mode of the present invention to obtain, at plant height, leaf on the heavy and leaf accounting example apparently higher than not interplanting mode; And on Herba Andrographitis and maize yield, be improved.
Table 2 interplanting Herba Andrographitis active constituent content relatively
Figure BDA0000093131870000082
Can know by table 2, adopt interplanting mode of the present invention to plant the Herba Andrographitis that obtains, on active ingredient, also be significantly improved, like lactone content, Dehydro and drographolide content and total lactone, all apparently higher than not interplanting mode.
It below only is preferred implementation of the present invention; Should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, under the prerequisite that does not break away from the principle of the invention; Can also make some improvement and retouching, these improvement and retouching also should be regarded as protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (5)

1. the kind method for planting of a Herba Andrographitis may further comprise the steps:
1., select Herba Andrographitis seed full seed for use, thousand kernel weight is more than 0.93g, 40~50 ℃ were soaked 24~30 hours down; Breeding station to 10~15cm;
2., be wide 1.3~1.5m, the furrow of high 15~20cm, at furrow both sides dibbling corn, 1~2 in every cave, spacing in the rows 20~25cm;
3., 1. the Herba Andrographitis seedling replanting is in the furrow centre for step, every cave plants seedling 1~2 strain, spacing in the rows is 20~30cm, waters normal root water one time;
4., to planting between step Herba Andrographitis and corn 3., carry out field management, growing to overhead to Herba Andrographitis, 3~5cm place extracts acrial part.
2. kind of method for planting as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: the step 3. transplanting of Herba Andrographitis is opened the cave transplanting for cloudy day, rainy day or dusk.
3. kind of method for planting as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: step 2. corn is 150~200 days kind of fertility.
4. kind of method for planting as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: step Herba Andrographitis consumption 3. is 2.0~2.5kg/667m 2
5. kind of method for planting as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: step 2. corn seeding early than step 3. Herba Andrographitis transplanted 30~40 days.
CN2011102821451A 2011-09-21 2011-09-21 Method for planting andrographis paniculata Pending CN102422768A (en)

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Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102907245A (en) * 2012-11-16 2013-02-06 广东省农业科学院作物研究所 Andrographis paniculata plug seedling cultivation method through sand culture
CN104604488A (en) * 2015-01-21 2015-05-13 蒙柳宁 Andrographis paniculata seedling method
CN104705024A (en) * 2013-12-12 2015-06-17 李振达 Planting technology for traditional Chinese medicine common andrographis herbs
CN105210620A (en) * 2015-09-30 2016-01-06 李其珍 A kind of mating system of Herba Andrographitis
CN105248138A (en) * 2015-11-19 2016-01-20 杨登新 Herba andrographis planting method
CN106332624A (en) * 2016-08-18 2017-01-18 安庆市宝风农业发展有限公司 Planting method for hypericum monogynum seedlings
CN108849297A (en) * 2018-06-29 2018-11-23 黔南州司奇中草药种植有限公司 A kind of breeding planting method of the high rhizome of Chinese monkshood
CN109122069A (en) * 2018-08-02 2019-01-04 北海开元生物科技有限公司 A kind of implantation methods of high-quality Herba Andrographitis
CN109220052A (en) * 2018-09-30 2019-01-18 广西走山农牧开发有限公司 A kind of close kind of Precision Seeding cultivation technique of Herba Andrographitis

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庄文彬: "穿心莲高产优质栽培技术", 《中国农技推广》 *
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Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102907245A (en) * 2012-11-16 2013-02-06 广东省农业科学院作物研究所 Andrographis paniculata plug seedling cultivation method through sand culture
CN104705024A (en) * 2013-12-12 2015-06-17 李振达 Planting technology for traditional Chinese medicine common andrographis herbs
CN104604488A (en) * 2015-01-21 2015-05-13 蒙柳宁 Andrographis paniculata seedling method
CN105210620A (en) * 2015-09-30 2016-01-06 李其珍 A kind of mating system of Herba Andrographitis
CN105248138A (en) * 2015-11-19 2016-01-20 杨登新 Herba andrographis planting method
CN106332624A (en) * 2016-08-18 2017-01-18 安庆市宝风农业发展有限公司 Planting method for hypericum monogynum seedlings
CN108849297A (en) * 2018-06-29 2018-11-23 黔南州司奇中草药种植有限公司 A kind of breeding planting method of the high rhizome of Chinese monkshood
CN109122069A (en) * 2018-08-02 2019-01-04 北海开元生物科技有限公司 A kind of implantation methods of high-quality Herba Andrographitis
CN109220052A (en) * 2018-09-30 2019-01-18 广西走山农牧开发有限公司 A kind of close kind of Precision Seeding cultivation technique of Herba Andrographitis

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Application publication date: 20120425