CN102405772B - Tree sprout-remaining support-free grafting method - Google Patents
Tree sprout-remaining support-free grafting method Download PDFInfo
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- CN102405772B CN102405772B CN201110233441.2A CN201110233441A CN102405772B CN 102405772 B CN102405772 B CN 102405772B CN 201110233441 A CN201110233441 A CN 201110233441A CN 102405772 B CN102405772 B CN 102405772B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of tree sprout-remaining support-free grafting method, by the inside adhesion of the bar shaped cortex of tender for the green of scion skin and stock, be easy to produce callus both are connected, the stock bark on bar shaped cortex both sides does not peel off xylem, be easy to produce more callus be connected with the more callus that scion inclined-plane the right and left produces, therefore this method is easier than additive method survives, and survival rate is generally more than 98%.Meanwhile, owing to leaving sprout tillers branch, produce photosynthesis, stock can not rotten bark, and grafting place surrounding growth is good.Meanwhile, sprout tillers branch produces photosynthesis, can the upgrowth situation of appropriate regulation young sprout, can increase the nutrition supply of stock especially root system, promote the entirety growth after stock grafting; Retain one section of trunk young sprout to be whipped on trunk, protection effect is very good, removes from and ties up shore supports etc., saves recruitment and material.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to grafting trees changing variety technical field, relate to a kind of grafting method, particularly a kind of tree sprout-remaining support-free grafting method.
Background technology
Existing graft technology, generally adopt " aim at and form layer " and " showing money or valuables one carries unintentionally " key problem in technology point, but in actual applications, there is more defect, grafting not easily survives, stock bleeding sap too much injures scion, conventional wrapping affects the situations such as Callus formation and all can occur in various degree, thus cause graft survival rate lower (being generally no more than 80%).
In conventional grafting procedures, the operation easier of " aim at and form layer " and " showing money or valuables one carries unintentionally " is comparatively large, and those of ordinary skill learning and mastering gets up more difficult.In addition, wrapping plastic strip, young sprout to tie up pillar reinforce, expense of not only taking a lot of work material, support also easily rock, insecure.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve the technical problem existed in prior art, the object of the present invention is to provide the tree sprout-remaining support-free grafting method that a kind of survival rate is higher.
The technical solution used in the present invention is as follows:
Tree sprout-remaining support-free grafting method, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:
1) stock process
Graft position is selected in the smooth straight place of stock, more than graft position only retain the trunk of 50 ~ 80cm, in the horizontal partial application of graft position, deeply reach xylem, form transverse incision, above transverse incision, cut the isosceles triangle bark that take transverse incision as base, expose one piece of isosceles triangle xylem; At the middle part of transverse incision, to bark rip cutting two cutter of xylem bottom, deeply reach xylem, form bar shaped cortex, the width of bar shaped cortex is not less than the diameter of scion, and pries open some gaps gently in bar shaped cortex upper end;
2) scion process
Select annual growth to enrich, healthy sturdy fresh tree branches as scion, scion length is 10 ~ 15cm;
Cut the horse ear shape inclined-plane of a long 2 ~ 3.5cm in the lower end of scion, pruned gently by the old cortex at the back side, inclined-plane, expose green tender skin, the length of tender skin is consistent with the length on inclined-plane;
3) grafting fringe
Inserted scion lower end in the gap of bar shaped cortex upper end gently, the inclined-plane of scion is facing to xylem, and green tender skin is facing to bar shaped cortex, and the degree of depth that bar shaped cortex is inserted in scion is consistent with chamfer length;
4) wrap up
With plastic film complete covering grafting wound, plastic film is fixed along trunk with plastic cord;
5) management after grafting
When the young sprout of scion grows to more than 10cm, by plastic film and plastic cord removing, and with line, scion and young sprout are loosely tied up on trunk; What the stock retaining the graft position back side grew out sprouts evil, retain sprout evil position higher than graft position, on removing stock, remaining sprouts evil, and controls to retain and sprout evil and to grow out the length of branch, makes branch length be less than the length of young sprout all the time; Carry out in good time pinching, fertilizing, watering, deinsectization diseases prevention management.
Further, when removing all the other and sprouting evil, sprout evil top band girdle stock bark one week what retain.
As another kind of technical scheme, plastic film can also be pasted onto on stock by adhesive plaster by described wrapping.
In Arid Area, the top of described scion or top need adopt sealing wax moisturizing.
Comparatively perfect is, the operating procedure of described plastic film complete covering grafting wound is: get block plastic film, left hand and right hand respectively pinches block plastic film two ends on one side, put down between scion and stock, within one week, intersect around scion, tighten, then pin tying-off positions with hand, other parts of block plastic film are washed, cover the grafting wound of stock and scion.
Compared with prior art, grafting method tool of the present invention has the following advantages:
1, due to the inside adhesion of the tender skin of green and bar shaped cortex, be easy to produce callus and both are connected; The stock bark on bar shaped cortex both sides does not peel off xylem, and be easy to produce more callus and be connected with the more callus that scion inclined-plane the right and left produces, therefore this method is easier than additive method survives, and survival rate is generally more than 98%.
2, this method is without the need to " aim at and form layer " and " showing money or valuables one carries unintentionally ", and whole process operation is easy, and those of ordinary skill learning and mastering is comparatively simple.
3, leave sprout tillers and branch thereof owing to retaining on graft position top on one section of trunk and trunk, on the impact of resin, grafting otch does not go deep into xylem, and normal stock bleeding sap would not be too much, can not injure scion.
4, conventional wrapping plastic strip, expense of taking a lot of work material, and the rainy day is easily permeable to interface, thus affect Callus formation, be lowered into motility rate, this method adopts block film bundling convenient, fast, tight, rainproof water.
5, conventional shore supports of tying up is taken a lot of work expense material, and pillar easily rocks insecure, and this method retains one section of trunk and young sprout can be whipped on trunk, and protection effect is very good, removes some row routine operations such as tying up shore supports from, saves recruitment and material.
6, owing to leaving sprout tillers branch, produce photosynthesis, stock can not rotten bark, and grafting place surrounding growth is good.Meanwhile, sprout tillers branch produces photosynthesis, can the upgrowth situation of appropriate regulation young sprout, can increase the nutrition supply of stock especially root system, promote the entirety growth after stock grafting.
7, for the stock that the thick stock of very difficult grafting, cortex are thick and coarse, this method is suitable for and easy and simple to handle equally.
8, this method is widely used in the grafting such as fruit tree, famous flower and tree field, and adaptability is wider.
Accompanying drawing explanation
For the ease of it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the present invention is further illustrated below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of stock.
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of stock when exposing one piece of isosceles triangle xylem.
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of stock after stock is disposed.
The structural representation of Fig. 4 scion.
Fig. 5 is the left view of Fig. 4.
Fig. 6 is the structural representation after stock is inserted in scion.
Fig. 7 is the structural representation after wrapping.
Fig. 8 is the structural representation of managing after grafting.
Embodiment
For Chinese chestnut grafting, stay to sprout and exempt to support grafting, comprise the following steps:
Grafting period
Spring temperature gos up, and stock resin starts flowing, and generally more than 10 DEG C, stock bark can peel off xylem just can start grafting.
Grafting prepares
Select annual growth to enrich, healthy sturdy fresh Chinese chestnut branch is as scion, scion is changeable, and general 10 ~ 15cm is long to be advisable, and notices that the affinity of Chinese chestnut scion and stock will be got well, Arid Area can by the sealing wax moisturizing of scion top, also can in the top sealing wax moisturizing of scion.
Stock process
Stock 1 determines graft position, graft position is height overhead, mainly determine with needs as the case may be, can be high or low, graft position is selected in the more smooth straight place of stock as far as possible, and more than graft position, retain one section of trunk (or branch), trunk (or branch) is 50 ~ 80cm, in the upper end of this section of trunk, trunk (or branch) is broken, saw, cut, cut etc. all passable.
If stock 1 skin depth and coarse, graft position and circumferential surface bark from old tress can be scabbled, or one deck of pruning, so that subsequent operation and wrapping.In the horizontal partial application of graft position, deeply reach xylem, form transverse incision 2 (as shown in Figure 1), above transverse incision 2, cut the isosceles triangle bark that is base with transverse incision 2, expose one piece of isosceles triangle xylem 3 (as shown in Figure 2), the height of xylem 3 can determine according to stock size and scion 6, general at 1 ~ 3cm, at the middle part of the base transverse incision 2 of xylem 3, to bark rip cutting two cutter of xylem bottom, deeply reach xylem, form bar shaped cortex 5 (as shown in Figure 3), the width of bar shaped cortex 5 and the equal diameters or slightly bigger of scion 6.When cutting, cutter should avoid the cortex around by bar shaped cortex 5 to peel off xylem, pries open some gaps gently from bar shaped cortex 5 upper end.
Scion process
As shown in Figures 4 and 5, cut the horse ear shape inclined-plane 8 of a long 2 ~ 3.5cm in the lower end of scion 6, the older cortex of part of arching in the middle of the back side, inclined-plane 8 pruned gently, expose green tender skin 9, the length of green tender skin 9 and the length on inclined-plane 8 unanimous on the whole.When cutting Lao Pi, the projection (as leaf scar) on Lao Pi is together pruned, the cortex that both sides, back side minority is obviously protruded is repaiied together, makes backside surface more straight.
Grafting fringe
As shown in Figure 6, scion 6 lower end is inserted in the gap of bar shaped cortex 5 upper end gently, make scion 6 inclined-plane 8 facing to xylem 3, green tender skin 9 is facing to bar shaped cortex 5, green tender skin 9 with form layer inside bar shaped cortex 5 and fully contact adhesion, the degree of depth that bar shaped cortex 5 is inserted in scion 6 is substantially consistent with the length on inclined-plane 8, reduces the inclined-plane 8 of green tender skin 9 with bar shaped cortex 5, scion 6 and the friction of stock xylem 3, to reduce the damage of cambial cell in insertion process as far as possible.
Wrapping
Get block plastic film, left hand and right hand respectively pinches block plastic film 10 two ends on one side, put down between scion 6 and stock 1, within 6 one weeks, intersect around scion, tighten, then tying-off positions is pinned with hand, other parts of block plastic film 10 are washed, covers the grafting wound of stock 1 and scion 6, as shown in Figure 7.
Then use plastic cord 11 (or other cotton ropes) to tighten sternly by block plastic film 10, the degree tightened is wanted suitably, and tension can damage scion and stock histocyte, and adhesive plaster also can be utilized to be pasted onto on stock by plastic film.Arid Area, scion, also can bagging moisturizing (grafting survival removes after germinateing) except sealing wax moisturizing.
Managing after grafting
As shown in Figure 8, treat that the young sprout 7 of scion 6 grows to more than 10cm, by block removing such as binder such as plastic film 10 grade, with cotton rope 12, scion 6 and young sprout 7 loosely can be tied up on trunk, also only can tie up scion 6 or young sprout 7.
What the stock at the reservation graft position back side grew out sprouts evil 4 (depending on stock fineness, one is stayed time thinner, can stay time thicker several more), retain the position of sprouting evil 4 higher than (or a little more than) graft position, allow and sprout evil 4 and grow into branch 13, control growing way, the length of branch 13, make its length be less than the length of young sprout 7 all the time, and not allowing it block the sunlight of young sprout 7, on removing stock, remaining sprouts evil.
Remove all the other when sprouting evil, also can sprout evil more than 4 band girdle stock bark one week 14 what retain, as the case may be, carry out the management such as in good time pinching, fertilizing, watering (do not water in arid area), deinsectization diseases prevention.
Above content is only to structure example of the present invention and explanation; affiliated those skilled in the art make various amendment to described specific embodiment or supplement or adopt similar mode to substitute; only otherwise depart from the structure of invention or surmount this scope as defined in the claims, protection scope of the present invention all should be belonged to.
Claims (2)
1. tree sprout-remaining support-free grafting method, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:
1) stock process
Graft position is selected in the smooth straight place of stock, more than graft position only retain the trunk of 50 ~ 80cm, in the horizontal partial application of graft position, deeply reach xylem, form transverse incision, above transverse incision, cut the isosceles triangle bark that take transverse incision as base, expose one piece of isosceles triangle xylem; At the middle part of transverse incision, to bark rip cutting two cutter of the isosceles triangle xylem bottom of exposing, deeply reach xylem, form bar shaped cortex, the width of bar shaped cortex is not less than the diameter of scion, and pries open some gaps gently in bar shaped cortex upper end;
2) scion process
Select annual growth to enrich, healthy sturdy fresh tree branches as scion, scion length is 10 ~ 15cm;
Cut the horse ear shape inclined-plane of a long 2 ~ 3.5cm in the lower end of scion, pruned gently by the old cortex at the back side, inclined-plane, expose green tender skin, the length of tender skin is consistent with the length on inclined-plane;
The top of described scion adopts sealing wax moisturizing;
3) grafting fringe
Inserted scion lower end in the gap of bar shaped cortex upper end gently, the inclined-plane of scion is facing to xylem, and green tender skin is facing to bar shaped cortex, and the degree of depth that bar shaped cortex is inserted in scion is consistent with chamfer length;
4) wrap up
With plastic film complete covering grafting wound, plastic film is fixed along trunk with plastic cord;
Plastic film is pasted onto on stock by adhesive plaster by described wrapping;
The operating procedure of described plastic film complete covering grafting wound is: get block plastic film, left hand and right hand respectively pinches block plastic film two ends on one side, put down between scion and stock, within one week, intersect around scion, tighten, then tying-off positions is pinned with hand, other parts of block plastic film are washed, covers the grafting wound of stock and scion;
5) management after grafting
When the young sprout of scion grows to more than 10cm, by plastic film and plastic cord removing, and with line, scion and young sprout are loosely tied up on trunk; Retain the sprout tillers that the stock at the graft position back side grows out, retain the position of sprout tillers higher than graft position, remaining sprout tillers on removing stock, when removing all the other sprout tillers, the sprout tillers top band girdle stock bark one week retained, allow the sprout tillers retained grow into branch, and control reservation sprout tillers grows out, the length of branch, makes branch length be less than the length of young sprout all the time; Carry out in good time pinching, fertilizing, watering, deinsectization diseases prevention management.
2. tree sprout-remaining support-free grafting method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, step 2) in scion process, by the sealing wax moisturizing of the top of scion.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201110233441.2A CN102405772B (en) | 2011-08-15 | 2011-08-15 | Tree sprout-remaining support-free grafting method |
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| CN201110233441.2A CN102405772B (en) | 2011-08-15 | 2011-08-15 | Tree sprout-remaining support-free grafting method |
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| CN102405772A CN102405772A (en) | 2012-04-11 |
| CN102405772B true CN102405772B (en) | 2016-03-02 |
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Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN102805009A (en) * | 2012-08-22 | 2012-12-05 | 河北省林业科学研究院 | Improved ulmus pumila and sophora japonica bark insertion grafting method |
| CN105123280B (en) * | 2015-07-24 | 2018-01-30 | 山东省果树研究所 | Chinese chestnut tree engrafting method |
| CN106305157A (en) * | 2016-08-29 | 2017-01-11 | 盛林蓝莓集团股份有限公司 | Blueberry grafting method |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1225792A (en) * | 1998-02-12 | 1999-08-18 | 薛军 | Double bevel-face correspondent grafting method |
| CN1957666A (en) * | 2005-11-04 | 2007-05-09 | 杜宏彬 | Method for treating bud of grafting parent stock |
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2011
- 2011-08-15 CN CN201110233441.2A patent/CN102405772B/en active Active
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1225792A (en) * | 1998-02-12 | 1999-08-18 | 薛军 | Double bevel-face correspondent grafting method |
| CN1957666A (en) * | 2005-11-04 | 2007-05-09 | 杜宏彬 | Method for treating bud of grafting parent stock |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| 侧柏腹接技术;李文荣 等;《林业科技通讯》;19920131(第1期);第30页 * |
| 橡树合理的嫁接方法;Γ·А·格洛巴·米哈依连科;《陕西林业科技》;19880331(第3期);第83页 * |
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Inventor after: Cheng Yiming Inventor after: Cheng Lin Inventor after: Cheng Huanhuan Inventor before: Cheng Yiming Inventor before: Cheng Huanhuan |
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Effective date of registration: 20160203 Address after: 231340, Anhui County, Lu'an City, Shucheng province river town shed Street Applicant after: SHUCHENG LIMIN OIL TEA SPECIALIZED COOPERATIVES Address before: 231340, Anhui County, Shucheng Province River shed Town, LAN Chong Village Hospital Applicant before: Cheng Yiming |
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Effective date of registration: 20210909 Address after: 237000 room a901, science and technology innovation center, intersection of Gaocheng East Road and Yingbin Avenue, economic and Technological Development Zone, Lu'an City, Anhui Province Patentee after: Luan Wanzhi Intellectual Property Operations Co.,Ltd. Address before: 231340 he Peng Zhen He Peng Jie Dao, Shucheng County, Lu'an City, Anhui Province Patentee before: SHUCHENG LIMIN OIL TEA SPECIALIZED COOPERATIVES |
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