CN115039583B - Branch embedding grafting method for Li Shutu trunk branch supplementing - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a graft method for Li Shutu stem grafting, which is characterized in that melted rosin is smeared after grafting, a fastener which can be opened and closed is sleeved outside a spike branch, an HT composite foaming agent is filled between the inside of the fastener and the spike branch, the stability of lamination is ensured, gaps are reserved between a gasket and a grafting position, air flow is ensured, the inner side is prevented from generating a high-humidity environment, the normal growth of the grafting is ensured, meanwhile, the support is strong, the stability is good, the shaking is avoided under the action of external factors, and the survival rate after grafting is improved to a certain extent; the auxiliary fixing structure is wrapped on the outer side of the embedded branch, the round structure formed by the auxiliary fixing structure is wrapped on the outer side of the branch and limited by the three groups of loop bars and the inner bars, so that the stability of the branch and the ear is further improved, the windproof performance is improved, and the robust growth of the branch and the ear is ensured; the arc-shaped buckling pieces are fastened on the loop bars outside the tender buds for protection, the net mouth pieces can be ventilated, the illumination of the sun is guaranteed, and the tender buds are prevented from being broken by external forces such as wind force.

Description

Branch embedding grafting method for Li Shutu trunk branch supplementing

Technical Field

The invention relates to a branch management method for fruit tree cultivation, in particular to a branch embedding grafting method for Li Shutu branch supplementing.

Background

Plums are one of important stone fruit tree types in China, are quite various in variety and extremely wide in distribution, are cultivated from south to north, and are mainly cultivated in China; china Li Shushi is strong, tree forms are large, branches are relatively open, but branches are less in number and main branches are more in number under the condition of natural growth; pruning the fruit trees in the full bearing period mainly comprises the steps of regulating the relation between growth and results, preventing backbone branches and branches affecting illumination from being thinned or contracted, solving the problem of illumination in the crowns by pruning, and preventing the result parts from moving outwards; after the short fruit branches and bouquet-shaped fruit branches of the plums are continuously fruiting for a plurality of years, the fruiting capacity is obviously reduced, and the plums need to be retracted and updated or thinned in turn in time; the growth of the bare branches is controlled if space is utilized, so that the bare branches can be promoted to keep healthy growth; in production, li Shutu is easy to dry due to poor pruning or management, and the fruiting capacity and yield of the tree body are affected to a certain extent after bald.

In order to reduce the yield reduction of the plum tree caused by bald trunk, the pruning treatment is carried out by adopting a pruning grafting method so as to supplement the tree structure and improve the continuous fruiting capacity of the tree. However, in the branch grafting method for supplementing branches in Li Shutu in the prior art, the butt joint surface of a forming layer is few, healing is slower, the scion branches are easy to shake under the blowing of wind force after the branches are embedded, buds on the scion branches are easy to break by wind, and the survival rate and effect of the embedded branches are affected.

Disclosure of Invention

Therefore, in order to solve the above-mentioned shortcomings, the present invention provides a grafting method for grafting Li Shutu stem.

The invention discloses a grafting method for embedding branches for Li Shutu stem branches, which comprises the following steps:

1. before germination in spring, cutting annual scions which grow robustly, have no plant diseases and insect pests and full buds at the periphery of the mature plum tree;

2. a first section and a second section are respectively cut on two sides of the grafting end of the scion branch by utilizing a knife, and more than one plump bud is reserved on the scion branch;

3. cutting the connector on Li Shutu trunk branch of the plum tree by a knife and punching;

4. sterilizing grafting ends of scions, a connector for cutting bald trunk of plum tree and a punching position by using alcohol sterilizing liquid;

5. obliquely inserting the grafting end of the scion branch into the Li Shutu stem, and smearing the melted rosin on the grafting position and wrapping a plastic film;

6. wrapping a protective sleeve member on the outer side of a plastic film at the grafting end of the scion and the grafting position of the prune bald trunk for locking and fixing;

7. the front side of the protection sleeve is further fixed on the scion through an auxiliary fixing structure and is used for ensuring the stability of the scion to avoid shaking, and meanwhile, the growth survival condition of the scion is determined by observing the change of the size on the auxiliary fixing structure;

8. the outside of the auxiliary fixing structure is buckled with a bud protecting component to protect the outside of the tender bud of the spike branch, so that the spike branch is prevented from being broken by external force such as wind force.

Preferably, in step 2, the cut portions at the first and second cut surfaces are bent upward, and the bent portions are sharpened.

Preferably, the inner sides of the first section and the second section of the scion branch are sharp angle-shaped cuts and are matched with the inner sides of the cutting interface of the Li Shutu trunk with the sharp knife.

Preferably, the upper side and the lower side of the junction of the Li Shutu trunk incision are both incised with sharp-angle-shaped grooves, and the shape of the sharp-angle-shaped grooves corresponds to the shape of the bending part of the grafting end of the scion.

Preferably, the scion branch is inserted into the joint of the trunk of the plum tree at 45 degrees, and two bending parts of the scion branch are respectively inserted into the sharp angle-shaped grooves on the upper side and the lower side of the cut joint of the Li Shutu trunk.

Preferably, the protection external member is including wrapping up in the fastener on ear of grain branch surface, the fastener bottom is connected with the gasket, the upper and lower both sides of gasket are connected with first steel wire and the second steel wire with Li Shutu dry phase fastening respectively.

Preferably, the surface of the fastener is provided with a through hole, the rear side of the fastener can be opened and closed, and an HT composite foaming agent is filled between the inside of the fastener and the scion.

Preferably, a round hole is formed in the surface of the gasket and can be positioned with a punching position on the Li Shutu trunk, three rubber lugs are arranged on one side, close to the trunk, of the gasket, and gaps exist among the three rubber lugs.

Preferably, the auxiliary fixing structure comprises three loop bars fixed at the front end of the fastener and distributed at equal intervals, and an inner bar which is connected with one side end of the inner side of the loop bars in a sliding manner and has a telescopic effect, the other ends of the three inner bars are respectively connected with a first arc-shaped block and a second arc-shaped block, scale marks are arranged on one inner bar, and the first arc-shaped block and the second arc-shaped block are fastened through a fastening rope to form a circular structure.

Preferably, the grafting method is carried out in sunny or cloudy weather, and the temperature condition is 16-24 ℃.

Preferably, the rubber tab has a thickness of not less than 1cm.

Preferably, the first steel wire and the second steel wire are provided with winding positions, so that screwing is facilitated to be firmly fixed on the Li Shutu shaft.

The invention has the following advantages: the invention provides a graft embedding method for Li Shutu stem grafting by improving, which has the following improvements:

advantage 1: the grafting method for grafting branches of Li Shutu trunks comprises the steps of trimming the inner sides of a first section and a second section of each branch to form sharp angle-shaped cuts, sharpening bent parts after bending, enabling the shape of an upper joint of a Li Shutu trunk to correspond to the shape of a grafting end of each branch, and enabling the grafting end to be good in stability during branch grafting.

Advantage 2: according to the branch embedding grafting method for Li Shutu branch supplementing, after the branches are embedded, melted rosin is uniformly smeared on the outer side of the epidermis of a plum tree grafting part, the grafting part is wrapped with a protection sleeve, an HT composite foaming agent is filled between the inside of an openable and closable fastener and the scion, the first steel wire and the second steel wire enable the gasket to drive the fastener to be stably positioned on the outer side of the grafting part, gaps are reserved between the gasket and the grafting part, air flow is ensured, the inner side is prevented from generating a high-humidity environment, normal growth of the embedded branches is ensured, meanwhile, the support performance is strong, the stability is good, shaking is avoided under the action of external factors, and the survival rate after grafting is improved to a certain extent.

Advantage 3: according to the branch embedding grafting method for Li Shutu branch supplementing, the outer side after branch embedding is wrapped with the auxiliary fixing structure which plays a role in auxiliary positioning to increase wind resistance, the round structure formed by the auxiliary fixing structure is wrapped on the outer side of the scion branch and is limited by the three groups of loop bars and the inner bars, wind resistance is further improved, growth straightness is guaranteed, and meanwhile, the growth length of the scion branch is determined through movement of scales on the inner bars in the loop bars.

Advantage 4: according to the branch embedding grafting method for Li Shutu branch supplementing, disclosed by the invention, the arc-shaped buckling pieces are fastened on the loop bars outside the tender buds for protection, and the net mouth pieces can be ventilated and ensure the illumination of the sun, so that the tender buds are prevented from being broken by external forces such as wind power and the like, and the grafting effect is improved.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the connection of the stem of the present invention Li Shutu to the bending portion;

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of the protective sleeve according to the present invention;

fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of the bud protecting assembly of the present invention.

Wherein: the net mouth piece comprises a spike branch-1, a Li Shutu stem-2, a bending part-3, a protection sleeve member-4, a bud protection component-5, an auxiliary fixing structure-6, a fastener-41, a gasket-42, a first steel wire-43, a second steel wire-44, a sleeve rod-61, an inner rod-62, a first arc-shaped block-63, a second arc-shaped block-64, a buckling rope-65, an arc-shaped buckling piece-51 and a net mouth piece-52.

Detailed Description

The following detailed description of the present invention, taken in conjunction with fig. 1-4, clearly and completely describes the technical solutions of embodiments of the present invention, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.

The invention relates to a graft grafting method for Li Shutu stem grafting, which comprises the following specific steps:

1) And selecting sunny or cloudy weather, and grafting at the temperature of 16-24 ℃. The annual scion branch 1 which grows robustly, has no plant diseases and insect pests and full buds is cut out from the periphery of the adult plum tree.

2) A first tangent plane and a second tangent plane are respectively cut on two sides of the grafting end of the scion branch 1 by utilizing a knife, at least one plump bud is reserved on the scion branch 1, then the cut bark parts at the first tangent plane and the second tangent plane are bent upwards, the inner sides of the first tangent plane and the second tangent plane of the scion branch 1 are trimmed into sharp angle-shaped incision shapes, and then the bent part 3 after bending is subjected to sharpening treatment to remove burrs on the surface to form triangular sharp angles;

3) Cutting and punching a joint on the Li Shutu trunk 2 by using a knife, trimming the inner sides of the joint and the punching part to ensure that the shape of the joint corresponds to the shape of the grafting end of the scion 1, and cutting sharp angle-shaped grooves corresponding to the shape of the bending part 3 of the grafting end of the scion on the upper and lower sides of the joint cut by the Li Shutu trunk 2;

4) The disinfectant is smeared on grafting ends of scions, a connector for cutting bald trunk of the plum tree and a punching position for disinfection, so that wound surfaces of the plum tree are prevented from being infected with germs in the process of cutting and drilling holes, and the survival effect of Li Shuqian grafting is ensured;

5) Inserting the grafting end of the scion 1 into the joint of the prune tree bald trunk 2 at 45 degrees, then respectively inserting the upper and lower bending parts 3 of the scion 1 into the sharp angle-shaped grooves on the upper and lower sides of the cut joint of the Li Shutu trunk 2, so that the grafting effect is more stable and reliable, then taking a piece of rosin for heating and melting, uniformly smearing the melted rosin on the outer side of the epidermis of the prune tree grafting part, wrapping the outer side of the grafting end of the scion 1 and the prune tree bald trunk 2 by using a plastic film, and controlling the thickness of the wrapping between 0.5cm and 1.5 cm;

6) Sleeving the first steel wire 43 and the second steel wire 44 on the outer surface of the Li Shutu stem 2, respectively positioning the first steel wire 43 and the second steel wire 44 on the upper side and the lower side of the scion 1 and the Li Shutu stem 2, opening the fastener 41, wrapping the scion 1 on the inner side of the fastener 41, closing the fastener 41, positioning the punching position on the Li Shutu stem 2 through a round hole on the surface of the gasket 42 to prevent displacement, filling an HT composite foaming agent between the inside of the fastener 41 and the scion, screwing the first steel wire 43 and the second steel wire 44 again by a user, screwing the first steel wire 43 and the second steel wire on the Li Shutu stem 2 to enable the gasket 42 to be extruded and attached to the Li Shutu stem 2, and forming gaps between the gasket 42 and the Li Shutu stem 2, so that the inner side is left with the gaps while excessive extrusion of the Li Shutu stem 2 is avoided, air flow is ensured, high-humidity environment is avoided on the inner side, and normal growth of the embedded stem is ensured;

7) The front side of the protection sleeve 4 is fastened by an auxiliary fastening structure 6 through a buckling rope 65 to form a circular structure to further fixedly wrap the first arc-shaped block 63 and the second arc-shaped block 64 on the scion branch 1, the protection sleeve is used for guaranteeing stability of the scion branch 1 to avoid shaking, three sleeve rods 61 distributed at equal intervals at the front end of the buckling piece 41 and an inner rod 62 connected to one side end of the inner side of the sleeve rod 61 in a sliding manner to play a role in stretching when the scion branch 1 grows, scale marks are arranged on one of the inner rods 62, and the growth survival condition of the scion branch 1 can be determined by observing the change of the scale marks after the inner rod 62 moves in the sleeve rod 61;

8) The arc-shaped buckling piece 51 is buckled on the sleeve rod 61 at the outer side of the tender bud of the spike branch 1 for protection, and the net mouth piece 52 on the arc-shaped buckling piece 51 can be ventilated and ensure the illumination of the sun, so that the tender bud is prevented from being broken by external forces such as wind power and the like.

The invention provides a graft method for Li Shutu stem grafting, which comprises the steps of trimming the inner sides of a first section and a second section of a spike branch 1 into sharp angle-shaped cuts, sharpening a bent part 3 after bending, wherein the shape of an upper joint of a Li Shutu stem 2 corresponds to the shape of a grafting end of the spike branch 1, and the graft method has high stability during grafting; after grafting is inlaid, melted rosin is uniformly smeared on the outer side of the epidermis of a grafting place of a plum tree, the grafting place is wrapped with a protection sleeve 4, an HT composite foaming agent is filled between the inside of an openable and closable fastener 41 and the scion 1, a gasket 42 drives the fastener 41 to be stably positioned on the outer side of the grafting place through a first steel wire 43 and a second steel wire 44, a gap is reserved between the gasket 42 and the grafting place, air flow is ensured, the inner side is prevented from generating a high-humidity environment, normal growth of the inlaid branch is ensured, meanwhile, the supporting performance is strong, shaking is avoided under the action of external factors, and the survival rate after grafting is improved to a certain extent; an auxiliary fixing structure 6 which plays an auxiliary role in positioning to increase wind resistance is wrapped on the outer side of the branch 1 after the branch is embedded, a round structure formed by the auxiliary fixing structure 6 is wrapped on the outer side of the branch 1 and is limited by three groups of sleeve rods 61 and inner rods 62, wind resistance is further improved, the straight growth is ensured, and meanwhile, the growth length of the branch 1 is determined through the movement of scales on the inner rods 62 in the sleeve rods 61; the arc-shaped buckling pieces 51 are fastened on the loop bars 61 outside the tender buds to protect, and the net mouth pieces 52 can be ventilated and ensure the illumination of the sun, so that the tender buds are prevented from being broken by external forces such as wind force.

The basic principle and main features of the present invention and advantages of the present invention are shown and described above, and standard parts used in the present invention can be purchased from the market, and the special-shaped parts can be customized according to the descriptions of the specification and the drawings, and will not be described in detail here.

The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims (6)

1. The grafting method for embedding branches for supplementing Li Shutu branches is characterized by comprising the following steps of:

s1, shearing annual scions (1) which grow robustly, have no plant diseases and insect pests and have full buds on the periphery of an adult plum tree before germination in spring;

s2, respectively cutting a first section and a second section on two sides of a grafting end of the scion branch (1) by using a sharp knife, and reserving more than 1 plump buds on the scion branch;

s3, cutting an interface on the Li Shutu trunk branch (2) by using a knife and punching;

s4, sterilizing grafting ends of scions, a cut joint of the trunk of the plum tree and a perforation position by using alcohol sterilizing liquid;

s5, obliquely inserting the grafting end of the spike branch (1) into the bald trunk branch (2), and smearing the melted rosin on the grafting position and wrapping a plastic film;

s6, wrapping a protective sleeve (4) on the outer side of the grafting end of the spike (1) and the plastic film at the grafting position of the Li Shutu stem, and locking and fixing;

s7, the front side of the protection sleeve member (4) is further fixed on the scion branch (1) through the auxiliary structure (6) and used for guaranteeing the stability of the scion branch (1) to avoid shaking, and meanwhile, the growth survival condition of the scion branch (1) is determined by observing the size change on the auxiliary structure (6);

s8, buckling a bud protecting component (5) on the outer side of the auxiliary fixing structure (6) to protect the outer side of the tender bud of the spike branch (1), so that the tender bud is prevented from being broken by wind power;

the protection sleeve member (4) comprises a fastener (41) wrapped on the surface of a spike branch, a gasket (42) is connected to the bottom end of the fastener (41), a first steel wire (43) and a second steel wire (44) which are fastened with a Li Shutu stem (2) are respectively connected to the upper side and the lower side of the gasket (42), a round hole is formed in the surface of the gasket (42) and can be positioned with a punching position on the Li Shutu stem (2), three rubber lugs are arranged on one side, close to the Li Shutu stem (2), of the gasket (42), and gaps exist between the three rubber lugs;

the auxiliary fixing structure (6) comprises three loop bars (61) which are fixed at the front end of the fastener (41) and distributed at equal intervals, an inner rod (62) which is connected with one side end of the inner side of the loop bars (61) in a sliding manner and plays a role in extension, a first arc-shaped block (63) and a second arc-shaped block (64) are respectively connected with the other end of the three inner rods (62), scales are arranged on one inner rod (62), the first arc-shaped block (63) and the second arc-shaped block (64) are fastened through a fastening rope (65) to form a circular structure, and the bud protection assembly (5) comprises an arc-shaped fastening piece (51) which is positioned on the outer side of a tender bud and fastened on the loop bars (61) and a net mouth piece (52) which is embedded in the middle side of the top of the arc-shaped fastening piece (51).

2. The grafting method for the stem grafting of Li Shutu according to claim 1, wherein: in the step S2, the cut parts at the first section and the second section are bent upwards, and the bent part (3) is sharpened.

3. A grafting method for grafting Li Shutu stem according to claim 2, wherein: the inner sides of the first section and the second section of the scion branch (1) are sharp angle-shaped cuts and are matched with the inner sides of the cutting interface of the Li Shutu trunk (2).

4. A grafting method for grafting Li Shutu stem according to claim 2, wherein: the upper side and the lower side of the cut joint of the Li Shutu trunk (2) are cut with sharp-angle grooves, and the shape of the sharp-angle grooves corresponds to the shape of the bending part (3) of the scion grafting end.

5. The grafting method for the dry grafting of Li Shutu according to claim 4, wherein: the spike branch (1) is inserted into the joint of the Li Shutu trunk (2) at 45 degrees, and two bending parts (3) of the spike branch (1) are respectively inserted into sharp angle-shaped grooves on the upper side and the lower side of the cut joint of the Li Shutu trunk (2).

6. The grafting method for the stem grafting of Li Shutu according to claim 1, wherein: the surface of the fastener (41) is provided with a through hole, the rear side of the fastener can be opened and closed, and a composite foaming agent is filled between the inside of the fastener (41) and the scion (1).

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