CN105493902A

CN105493902A - Method for high grafting and head change of walnut tree

Info

Publication number: CN105493902A
Application number: CN201410498538.XA
Authority: CN
Inventors: 吕建红
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2014-09-26
Filing date: 2014-09-26
Publication date: 2016-04-20

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for high grafting and head change of walnut trees. The method comprises the following steps: collecting scions, grafting, removing unwanted sprouts, letting in fresh air, binding rods and a support, performing flower thinning, pruning and trimming, and protecting seedlings from cold. The grafting survival rate of the method for high grafting and head change of walnut trees reaches up to more than 95%, and wound healing is fast, operation is convenient, and grafting efficiency is high, and can improve drought resistance ability. The method is early in fruiting, early in high yield, good in branching ability, high in fruit spur fruit setting, compact in branches, and convenient in management.

Description

A kind of method of walnut branching grafting

Technical field

The present invention relates to agricultural technology field, be specifically related to a kind of method of walnut branching grafting.

Background technology

In recent years along with the development of Walnut Industry, continuing to bring out of new varieties, renewal is grown directly from seeds treelet and low-yield nuclei peach inferior, just the urgent task of pendulum in Walnut Industry is become, if again build garden, income must be can not get in several years, in addition, the investment of again building garden is also the factor of can not ignore, and adopt high connecing, grow directly from seeds on treelet and low yielding tree inferior original, in a planned way, on purpose grafting improved seeds in batches, like this, both certain output can be maintained, renewable breeding again, and height connects and can do sth. in advance result, early high yield, but in the mountain area that temperature is lower, because weather was unusual especially in recent years, cause walnut graft survival rate underground, serious restriction is high connects the normal development changing excellent walnut.

Summary of the invention

For above-mentioned situation, the object of this invention is to provide a kind of method of walnut branching grafting, be applicable to harsh weather, make walnut stable yields, increase farmers' income.

Technical scheme of the present invention is as follows:

A method for walnut branching grafting, comprises the following steps:

1, the collection of scion, before early spring or winter setting the non-rudiment of body, choose and adopt the collection that fringe excellent kind of elite stand carries out scion, after gathering, the clip of elite stand is tight with stop-off lacquer immediately, seal with wax in scion two ends, be stored in the cellar, rural area of subzero 3 degree-zero degree, early spring checks in time, prevents because temperature recovery causes scion to rot to go mouldy when cortex and wooden absciss layer can use;

2, grafting, grafting time is in mid-April, and grafting method specifically comprises, and (1) discharges water, and the tree body trunk wanting grafting saws 2-3 saw kerfs, helically staggered tiltedly saw, and the degree of depth is tree body trunk footpath 1/5th; (2) cutting of scion is got, the fresh substantial scion that selecting step one stores, clip 12-15 centimeter length, and 2-3 full buds are stayed in upper end, and lower end is whittled into 5-8 centimetres of thin tongue horse ear shape bevels, and bevel is smooth; (3) stock process, select position, grafting smooth place to block, cortex hair stubble of pruning, selects one-sided smooth place in stock saw kerf side, epidermis of pruning from top to bottom, exposes the tender cortex of 1-2 cm thick; (4) insert scion, take off from xylem by the cortex of the scion of having cut, inserted by the xylem of scion in the cortex of stock, the cortex of scion just in time covers on the endodermis of stock, tightly wraps tie up reality with plastic strip; (5) moisturizing process, after scion is fixing, paper using casing is on interface, fiber drum exceeds scion 3-4 centimetre, fiber drum lower bottom is tightened with cotton rope in plastic strip bottom again, and plastic sack, higher than 2 centimetres, scion, is entangled fiber drum by the in-built thin wet soil of fiber drum, finally with plastic strip, base portion is fastened, for guaranteeing the also suitably colligation of safe middle part;

3, except sprouting, after scion bud is sprouted, remove unnecessary sprout tillers on stock in time, in order to avoid affect scion normal growth, as found, scion is dead, and rudiment can retain a part, so that bud grafting is remedied or recovered tree crown carry out reconfiguration again;

4, leak informaton, after grafting, scion in about 25 days starts to sprout, and after newly slightly growing, open at plastic sack top flatly, allow tender tip top naturally stretch out, the mouth that leaks informaton is ascending, and divide and open for 3-4 times, after young sprout stretches out bag, plastic sack top is cut off entirely;

5, shaft bar is tied up, when long 20-30 centimetres of scion young sprout, the plastic sack of the overcoat of scion is removed, progressively the soil in fiber drum and fiber drum is all removed, set up pillar at interface position in time, the traction of growth young sprout is tied up on pillar, along with the growth of young sprout, bondage 3-4 times, about latter two month of grafting, interface tied rope is taken off, prevents strand to hang;

6, flower thinning, pruning, if young sprout has female flower to erase early after sprouting, need that the young sprout growing to 20-30 centimetres is carried out shaping according to Growth status and determine branch, remove unnecessary young sprout, choosing is strong goes weakly to stay a strong tip, early August does not allly stop long Tipping to staying, if in sprouting, and can bud picking or stay 1-2 leaves to pluck again;

7, cold-proof, in late November, grafting tree body trunk is whitewashed, to newborn branch, adopt separately toilet paper to enclose after pressure one circle swathes from branch base portion one, glue with adhesive tape.

Preferably, rugosity limb more than 1-1.2 centimetre little without damage by disease and insect, robust growth medulla is selected in described scion.

Beneficial effect of the present invention: adopt technical scheme of the present invention, drought-resistant ability can be improved, result early, early high yield, divide principal stresses strong, fruit branch setting is high, branch is compact, be convenient to management, high the connecing of general walnut emphasizes overwinter management again and again, be exactly cold-proof, and technical scheme of the present invention adopts toilet paper to wrap up newborn branch, toilet paper is met and is avenged into block, picture is stamped gypsum and can well be incubated, chance water melts, when during the warmth of spring, all the flowers bloom flower bud germination expands time, bud can stretch out by bursting toilet paper naturally, bud that helps again that need not be artificial stretches out, mountain area is now fallen cold current and cold air and is missed, tree body twig can safety, healthy growth.

Embodiment

Embodiment 1

Select the walnut of a collection of less than 12 years grow directly from seeds, inferior, low yield, use the method for following branching grafting to operate:

1, the collection of scion, before setting body non-rudiment early spring, choose and adopt fringe excellent kind of elite stand, to the collection carrying out scion without damage by disease and insect, robust growth medulla is little, rugosity is more than 1-1.2 centimetre limb, after gathering, the clip of elite stand is tight with stop-off lacquer immediately, sealing with wax in scion two ends, is stored in the cellar, rural area of subzero 3 degree-zero degree;

2, grafting, grafting time was April 13, and grafting method specifically comprises, and (1) discharges water, and the tree body trunk wanting grafting saws 2-3 saw kerfs, helically staggered tiltedly saw, and the degree of depth is tree body trunk footpath 1/5th; (2) cutting of scion is got, the fresh substantial scion that selecting step one stores, clip 12-15 centimeter length, and 2-3 full buds are stayed in upper end, and lower end is whittled into 5-8 centimetres of thin tongue horse ear shape bevels, and bevel is smooth; (3) stock process, select position, grafting smooth place to block, cortex hair stubble of pruning, selects one-sided smooth place in stock saw kerf side, epidermis of pruning from top to bottom, exposes the tender cortex of 1-2 cm thick; (4) insert scion, take off from xylem by the cortex of the scion of having cut, inserted by the xylem of scion in the cortex of stock, the cortex of scion just in time covers on the endodermis of stock, tightly wraps tie up reality with plastic strip; (5) moisturizing process, after scion is fixing, paper using casing is on interface, fiber drum exceeds scion 3-4 centimetre, fiber drum lower bottom is tightened with cotton rope in plastic strip bottom again, and plastic sack, higher than 2 centimetres, scion, is entangled fiber drum by the in-built thin wet soil of fiber drum, finally with plastic strip, base portion is fastened, for guaranteeing the also suitably colligation of safe middle part;

7, cold-proof, November 20, grafting tree body trunk is whitewashed, to newborn branch, adopt separately toilet paper to enclose after pressure one circle swathes from branch base portion one, glue with adhesive tape.

By the method for the present invention to walnut branching grafting, graft survival rate reaches more than 95%, and wound healing is fast, easy to operate, grafting efficiency is high, the walnut that tree grafting is later, within 2-3 years, recover tree crown, Second Year starts to bear fruit, 3-4 years large results, connect tree early enter 5-8 years high yield periods than low, set volume increase more than 5 times than low connecing of the same age, considerably increase the income of peasant.

Claims

1. a method for walnut branching grafting, is characterized in that comprising the following steps:

The collection of scion, before early spring or winter setting the non-rudiment of body, select excellent kind of elite stand to gather scion, after gathering, the otch of elite stand is tight with stop-off lacquer immediately, and sealing with wax in scion two ends, is stored in the cellar of-3 DEG C-0 DEG C;

Grafting, grafting time is in mid-April, and grafting method specifically comprises, and (1) discharges water, and the tree body trunk wanting grafting saws 2-3 saw kerfs, helically staggered tiltedly saw, and the degree of depth is tree body trunk footpath 1/5th; (2) cutting of scion is got, the fresh substantial scion that selecting step one stores, clip 12-15 centimeter length, and 2-3 full buds are stayed in upper end, and lower end is whittled into 5-8 centimetres of thin tongue horse ear shape bevels, and bevel is smooth; (3) stock process, select position, grafting smooth place to block, cortex hair stubble of pruning, selects one-sided smooth place in stock saw kerf side, epidermis of pruning from top to bottom, exposes the tender cortex of 1-2 cm thick; (4) insert scion, take off from xylem by the cortex of the scion of having cut, inserted by the xylem of scion in the cortex of stock, the cortex of scion just in time covers on the endodermis of stock, tightly wraps tie up reality with plastic strip; (5) moisturizing process, after scion is fixing, paper using casing is on interface, fiber drum exceeds scion 3-4 centimetre, and fiber drum lower bottom is tightened with cotton rope in plastic strip bottom again, and the in-built thin wet soil of fiber drum is higher than 2 centimetres, scion, plastic sack is entangled fiber drum, finally with plastic strip, base portion is fastened;

Except sprouting, after scion bud is sprouted, remove unnecessary sprout tillers on stock in time, as found, scion is dead, and rudiment can retain a part, so that bud grafting is remedied or recovered tree crown carry out reconfiguration again;

Leak informaton, after grafting, scion in about 25 days starts to sprout, and after newly slightly growing, open at plastic sack top flatly, allow tender tip top naturally stretch out, the mouth that leaks informaton is ascending, and divide and open for 3-4 times, after young sprout stretches out bag, plastic sack top is cut off entirely;

Tie up shaft bar, when long 20-30 centimetres of scion young sprout, the plastic sack of the overcoat of scion is removed, progressively the soil in fiber drum and fiber drum is all removed, set up pillar at interface position in time, the traction of growth young sprout is tied up on pillar, along with the growth of young sprout, bondage 3-4 times, about latter two month of grafting, interface tied rope is taken off, prevents strand to hang;

Flower thinning, pruning, if young sprout has female flower to erase early after sprouting, need that the young sprout growing to 20-30 centimetres is carried out shaping according to Growth status and determine branch, remove unnecessary young sprout, choosing is strong goes weakly to stay a strong tip, early August does not allly stop long Tipping to staying, if in sprouting, and can bud picking or stay 1-2 leaves to pluck again;

Cold-proof, in late November, grafting tree body trunk is whitewashed, to newborn branch, adopt separately toilet paper to enclose after pressure one circle swathes from branch base portion one, glue with adhesive tape.

2. the method for walnut branching grafting according to claim 1, is characterized in that, rugosity limb more than 1-1.2 centimetre little without damage by disease and insect, robust growth medulla is selected in described scion.