CN107094509A - Walnut branching grafting method - Google Patents

Walnut branching grafting method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN107094509A
CN107094509A CN201710464377.6A CN201710464377A CN107094509A CN 107094509 A CN107094509 A CN 107094509A CN 201710464377 A CN201710464377 A CN 201710464377A CN 107094509 A CN107094509 A CN 107094509A
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China
Prior art keywords
scion
stock
grafting
walnut
branching
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CN201710464377.6A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
李丕军
张强
刘华
王静
邢文曦
杜晋城
漆峥嵘
闫明
郑崇文
黄闽敏
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XINJIANG ACADEMY OF FORESTRY SCIENCE
SICHUAN ACADEMY OF FORESTRY
Anhui Agricultural University AHAU
Original Assignee
XINJIANG ACADEMY OF FORESTRY SCIENCE
SICHUAN ACADEMY OF FORESTRY
Anhui Agricultural University AHAU
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Priority to CN201710464377.6A priority Critical patent/CN107094509A/en
Publication of CN107094509A publication Critical patent/CN107094509A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G2/00Vegetative propagation
    • A01G2/30Grafting

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Botany (AREA)
  • Developmental Biology & Embryology (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Medicines Containing Plant Substances (AREA)

Abstract

The invention provides a kind of high Humid Area walnut branching grafting method of southern high-temperature, and in particular to walnut grafting technical field, comprises the following steps:Select the stock that diameter is 3~5cm;Scion is provided;The stock is contacted with scion forming layer, bundled.Show by studying for many years, branching grafting method of the invention, graft union healing rate is up to more than 85.7%, yuan/plant of grafting cost average out to 20 or so;High yield is tree-like to form early, easily high yield, stable yields:The low production forest inferior of 4~5 years, when the control of branching grafting tree grafting part stock size is in 3~5cm, high yield can just be formed for tree-like general 2~3 years, and the 3rd annual production is up to 1.5~2 kilograms/plant;When the control of grafting part stock size is in more than 5cm, high yield is tree-like typically to take formation in 4~5 years, and the 5th annual production is up to 1.5~2 kilograms/plant.

Description

Walnut branching grafting method
Technical field
The present invention relates to walnut grafting technical field, and in particular to a kind of walnut branching grafting stock size control technology.
Background technology
Walnut is the main nonwood forest trees in Sichuan, with the cultivation history that more than one thousand years is long.Since 1999, with reference to the whole province Forestry engineering construction based on first phase conceding the land to forestry, the Eco-economic Value of walnut and the effect for helping agriculture to increase income obtain our province The consistent approval of the vast mountain area masses.The whole province's walnut production is developed rapidly, the cultivated area of walnut by 2000 93.37 Ten thousand mu develop into 2015 nearly 13,100,000 mu, the important cultivation area as national walnut.
With the continuous expansion of Sichuan walnut production scale, problem present in Walnut Industry Development also increasingly shows.One Aspect, breeding propagating materials is few, it is impossible to a large amount of in time to provide grafting with improved seed seedling.Seedling forestation is widely applied in production at present, Improved variety of walnut rate is less than 20%, the large area walnut woods developed since conceding the land to forestry for especially nearly 10 years, not result or result Inferior low production forest area inferior accounts for more than 90%, and area is up to more than 8,000,000 mu, and branching grafting workload is very big.The opposing party Face, the Sichuan Basin and Surrounding Mountainous Areas are walnut Main Cultivation region, region whole year warm and moist, abundant rainfall, annual precipitation It is the high Humid Area of typical southern high-temperature up to 1000~1200 millimeters, the size of stock is not studied during walnut branching grafting, The stock for being typically chosen grafting part is larger, and because walnut itself healing ability is weaker, graft union can not heal completely, interface Xylem is exposed for a long time, in the rainy season of southern high-temperature high humidity Area during Summer, graft union be chronically at it is hot and humid under the conditions of, Start to decay, after position of rotting constantly exceedes downwards the callus of graft union, result in whole from the xylem being exposed on the external Strain walnut is dead, and extreme loss is caused to orchard worker.
The content of the invention
In view of this, it is an object of the invention to provide a kind of walnut branching grafting method, current southern high-temperature is solved high Graft union rots seriously, the problems such as whole strain of grafting tree is dead occur after the walnut branching grafting of Humid Area.
In order to realize foregoing invention purpose, the invention provides a kind of walnut branching grafting method, comprise the following steps:
Selection diameter is not more than 5cm stock;
Scion is provided;
The stock is contacted with scion forming layer, bundled.
It is preferred that, 2~3 buds are stayed in the scion.
It is preferred that, when stock is contacted with scion forming layer, the processing method of the stock is:Smoothly locate saw in stock bark It is disconnected, interface is scabbled, stock bark is then reamed at scion to be inserted, standardized knife is indulged in the middle of mouth cutting;It is described to ream stock tree Skin, more preferably cuts a knife, reams stock bark from bottom to top;It is described to ream stock bark, preferably, cut 3~4cm length Bark, is more preferably deep to bast.
It is preferred that, when stock is contacted with scion forming layer, the processing method of the scion is:Scion lower end, which is cut out, splays Face, respectively cuts a knife in scion reverse side or so, scion is fined away;The inclined-plane is preferably 4cm bevel.
It is preferred that, when stock is contacted with scion forming layer, the method for the contact is:At scion to be inserted from bottom to top A knife is cut, stock bark is reamed, standardized knife is indulged in the middle of mouth cutting, scion is then inserted, stock is contacted with scion forming layer.
It is preferred that, after the stock is contacted with scion forming layer, scion shows money or valuables one carries unintentionally 0.3-0.5cm.
It is preferred that, after the stock is contacted with scion forming layer, stay dewatering outlet;It is preferred that, the dewatering outlet is located at scion Insert the most lower edge of stock bast;It is preferred that, the direction of the dewatering outlet is vertically downward;It is furthermore preferred that dewatering outlet size is Wide 0.2~0.3cm, long 2~3cm, as deep as xylem.
It is preferred that, it is described be tied to after stock contacts with scion forming layer, with long 50cm, 1.5 times of a width of diameter of stock Plastic strip is bundled, and interface, wound face are bound and tie up tight, fixed scion.
It is furthermore preferred that exposed dewatering outlet during the binding, it is furthermore preferred that exposed 2~2.5cm of dewatering outlet.
Technique effect
Compared with prior art, branching grafting method of the invention, (1) graft union heals, and the rot incidence of disease is low.Through Show after research for many years, the low production forest inferior of 4~5 years is transferred when the control of branching grafting tree grafting part stock size is in 3~5cm Healed wound percentage is up to more than 85.7%;When the control of grafting part stock size is in below 3cm, grafting part healing rate is reachable 100%;When grafting part diameter of stock is more than 5cm, grafting part healing rate is 18.7%, grafting part xylem rotting rate For 92.6%, rot is serious;
(2) tree-like formation of getting bumper crops is early, easily high yield, stable yields:Showing by being studied 3 years, the low production forest inferior of 4~5 years more When the control of branching grafting tree grafting part stock size is in 3~5cm, high yield can just be formed for tree-like general 2~3 years, and the 3rd produces per year Amount is up to 1.5~2 kilograms/plant;When the control of grafting part stock size is in more than 5cm, high yield is tree-like typically to take 4~5 years shapes Into the 5th annual production is up to 1.5~2 kilograms/plant.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the walnut branching grafting flow chart that the embodiment of the present invention is used.
Embodiment
The invention provides a kind of walnut branching grafting method, comprise the following steps:
Selection diameter is not more than 5cm stock;
Scion is provided;
The stock is contacted with scion forming layer, bundled.
There is provided a kind of system of selection of the high Humid Area walnut branching grafting stock of southern high-temperature, the core in the present invention Peach, preferably improved variety of walnut, more preferably Sichuan native soil improved variety of walnut;The growth year of the stock is 4-5;The anvil A diameter of overground part of wood needs the diameter of the stock of grafting, it is preferred that when diameter of stock is 3~5cm, graft union healing rate Up to more than 85.7%, yuan/plant of grafting cost average out to 20 or so;When the control of grafting part stock size is in below 3cm, grafting Position healing rate up to 100%, but due to individual plant walnut grafting fringe bar number roll up, 35 yuan of grafting cost average out to/ Strain or so.
In the present invention, the stock is handled, the method for the processing is specifically included:It is smooth in the stock bark Place is sawed-off, scabbles interface, stock bark is then reamed at scion to be inserted, and standardized knife is indulged in the middle of mouth cutting.
It is preferred that, smoothly place needs at the stock of grafting the bark for overground part, a diameter of 3cm~5cm;In the present invention In, it is described to ream stock bark, a knife is preferably cut from bottom to top, is more preferably cut the long barks of 3~4cm, is deep to bast.
In the present invention, selection carries out the scion of grafting, and 2~3 buds are preferably stayed in the scion.
In the present invention, the scion is handled, the method for the processing includes:Inclined-plane is cut out in scion lower end, A knife is respectively cut on the opposite on inclined-plane described in scion or so, and scion is fined away.It is preferred that, the inclined-plane is preferably 4cm length Bevel;
In the present invention, after to stock and scion processing, obtained stock is contacted with the forming layer of scion.
It is preferred that, after the stock is contacted with scion forming layer, scion shows money or valuables one carries unintentionally 0.3-0.5cm, beneficial to healing.
In the present invention, after the stock is contacted with scion forming layer, dewatering outlet is stayed;It is preferred that, the dewatering outlet is located at The most lower edge of stock bast is inserted in scion;The direction preferred vertical of the dewatering outlet is downward;The dewatering outlet is preferably sized to It is wide:0.2~0.3cm, long 2~3cm, as deep as xylem;And remove the bark of dewatering outlet.In the present invention, dewatering outlet allow bleeding from Flowed out at opening.
In the present invention, after stock and the contact of scion forming layer, contact position is bundled, it is preferred that the binding is used Material is plastic strip, and the length of the plastic strip is preferably that 50cm, width are preferably 1.5 times of diameter of stock.In implementation process, institute State binding and interface, wound face encircling are tied up tight, fixed scion.It is preferred that, exposed dewatering outlet during the binding, it is furthermore preferred that outside Reveal 2~2.5cm of dewatering outlet.
The walnut branching grafting method that there is provided of the present invention is described in detail with reference to embodiment, but can not be They are interpreted as limiting the scope of the present invention.
Embodiment 1
Luding County in the Guangyuan Wangcang County, the Daying County of Sichuan Basin and Chuan Xi of Qinba Mountainous Area, Sichuan, to low-yield nuclei Peach woods carries out branching grafting, selects the diameter of stock size 3cm and smooth place of bark is sawed-off, interface is scabbled with knife, then from inserting Enter and cut a knife at scion from bottom to top, ream stock bark, long 3cm is deep to cause bast, and standardized knife is indulged in the middle of mouth cutting;Scion On stay 2 buds, a 4cm or so bevel is cut in lower end, respectively cuts a knife in scion reverse side or so, scion is fined away, then inserted Enter scion, contact stock and the forming layer of scion, insertion scion shows money or valuables one carries unintentionally 0.3cm, good beneficial to healing;Stock is inserted from scion A wide 0.2cm, long 2cm, the dewatering outlet as deep as xylem are stayed at the most lower edge of bast vertically downward, and takes out dewatering outlet Bark, allows bleeding to be flowed out at opening;Then bundled with about 5.0cm one wide plastic strip, interface, wound face are bound and tied up Sternly, fixed scion, the exposed long 2cm in dewatering outlet.
Table 1:Graft union healing rate and grafting cost during diameter of stock 3cm
The control of grafting part stock size is set in 3cm, graft union healing rate is up to 92.0%, grafting cost average out to 24.3 Member.
Embodiment 2
Luding County in the Guangyuan Wangcang County, the Daying County of Sichuan Basin and Chuan Xi of Qinba Mountainous Area, Sichuan, to low-yield nuclei Peach woods carries out branching grafting, selects the diameter of stock size 5cm and smooth place of bark is sawed-off, interface is scabbled with knife, then from inserting Enter and cut a knife at scion from bottom to top, ream stock bark, long 4cm is deep to cause bast, and standardized knife is indulged in the middle of mouth cutting;Scion On stay 3 buds, a 4cm or so bevel is cut in lower end, respectively cuts a knife in scion reverse side or so, scion is fined away, then inserted Enter scion, contact stock and the forming layer of scion, insertion scion shows money or valuables one carries unintentionally 0.5cm, good beneficial to healing;Stock is inserted from scion A wide 0.3cm, long 3cm, the dewatering outlet as deep as xylem are stayed at the most lower edge of bast vertically downward, and takes out dewatering outlet Bark, allows bleeding to be flowed out at opening;Then bundled with about 5.0cm one wide plastic strip, interface, wound face are bound and tied up Sternly, fixed scion, the exposed long 2.5cm in dewatering outlet.
Table 2:Graft union healing rate and grafting cost during diameter of stock 5cm
The control of grafting part stock size is set in 5cm, graft union healing rate is up to 81.5%, grafting cost average out to 16.3 Member.
Embodiment 3
Luding County in the Guangyuan Wangcang County, the Daying County of Sichuan Basin and Chuan Xi of Qinba Mountainous Area, Sichuan, to low-yield nuclei Peach woods carries out branching grafting, selects the diameter of stock size 4cm and smooth place of bark is sawed-off, interface is scabbled with knife, then from inserting Enter and cut a knife at scion from bottom to top, ream stock bark, long 3.5cm is deep to cause bast, and standardized knife is indulged in the middle of mouth cutting;Connect 3 buds are stayed on fringe, a 4cm or so bevel is cut in lower end, respectively cuts a knife in scion reverse side or so, scion is fined away, then Scion is inserted, stock and the forming layer of scion is contacted, insertion scion shows money or valuables one carries unintentionally 0.4cm, good beneficial to healing;Anvil is inserted from scion A wide 0.25cm, long 2.5cm, the dewatering outlet as deep as xylem are stayed at the most lower edge of wooden bast vertically downward, and taking-up is put The bark at the mouth of a river, allows bleeding to be flowed out at opening;Then bundled with about 5.0cm one wide plastic strip, interface, wound face Encircling is tied up sternly, fixed scion, the exposed long 2.3cm in dewatering outlet.
Table 3:Graft union healing rate and grafting cost during diameter of stock 4cm
The control of grafting part stock size is set in 4cm, graft union healing rate is up to 90.3%, grafting cost average out to 17.7 Member.
Embodiment 4
Luding County in the Guangyuan Wangcang County, the Daying County of Sichuan Basin and Chuan Xi of Qinba Mountainous Area, Sichuan, to low-yield nuclei Peach woods carries out branching grafting, selects below diameter of stock size 3cm and the smooth place of bark is sawed-off, interface, Ran Houcong are scabbled with knife Insert and cut a knife at scion from bottom to top, ream stock bark, long 4cm is deep to cause bast, and standardized knife is indulged in the middle of mouth cutting; 3 buds are stayed in scion, a 4cm or so bevel is cut in lower end, respectively cuts a knife in scion reverse side or so, scion is fined away, and After insert scion, contact stock and the forming layer of scion, insertion scion shows money or valuables one carries unintentionally 0.5cm, good beneficial to healing;From scion insertion A wide 0.3cm, long 3cm, the dewatering outlet as deep as xylem are stayed at the most lower edge of stock bast vertically downward, and taking-up discharges water The bark of mouth, allows bleeding to be flowed out at opening;Then bundled with about 5.0cm one wide plastic strip, interface, wound face are tied It is tight to tie up tight, fixed scion, the exposed long 2.5cm in dewatering outlet.
Table 4:Graft union healing rate and grafting cost during below diameter of stock 3cm
The control of grafting part stock size is set in below 3cm, graft union healing rate is up to 98.3%, grafting cost average out to 35.3 yuan.
Embodiment 5
Luding County in the Guangyuan Wangcang County, the Daying County of Sichuan Basin and Chuan Xi of Qinba Mountainous Area, Sichuan, to low-yield nuclei Peach woods carries out branching grafting, selects more than diameter of stock size 5cm and the smooth place of bark is sawed-off, interface, Ran Houcong are scabbled with knife Insert and cut a knife at scion from bottom to top, ream stock bark, long 4cm is deep to cause bast, and standardized knife is indulged in the middle of mouth cutting; 3 buds are stayed in scion, a 4cm or so bevel is cut in lower end, respectively cuts a knife in scion reverse side or so, scion is fined away, and After insert scion, contact stock and the forming layer of scion, insertion scion shows money or valuables one carries unintentionally 0.5cm, good beneficial to healing;From scion insertion A wide 0.3cm, long 3cm, the dewatering outlet as deep as xylem are stayed at the most lower edge of stock bast vertically downward, and taking-up discharges water The bark of mouth, allows bleeding to be flowed out at opening;Then bundled with about 5.0cm one wide plastic strip, interface, wound face are tied It is tight to tie up tight, fixed scion, the exposed long 2.5cm in dewatering outlet.
Table 4:Graft union healing rate and grafting cost during more than diameter of stock 5cm
The control of grafting part stock size is set in more than 5cm, graft union healing rate is up to 18.7%, grafting cost average out to 7.6 it is first.
As seen from the above embodiment, in the Guangyuan Wangcang County, the Daying County of Sichuan Basin and Chuan Xi of Qinba Mountainous Area, Sichuan Luding County, using the method for the present invention, when the control of branching grafting tree grafting part stock size is in 3-5cm, graft union heals Rate is up to more than 85.7%, yuan/plant of grafting cost average out to 20 or so;When the control of grafting part stock size is in below 3cm, transfer Socket part position healing rate up to 100%, but due to individual plant walnut grafting fringe bar number roll up, grafting cost average out to 35 Member/strain or so, increase by 75%;When the control of grafting part stock size is in more than 5cm, grafting part healing rate is 18.7%, Grafting part xylem rotting rate is 92.6%, and rot is serious.
Described above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is noted that for the ordinary skill people of the art For member, under the premise without departing from the principles of the invention, some improvements and modifications can also be made, these improvements and modifications also should It is considered as protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (6)

1. a kind of walnut branching grafting method, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps:
Selection diameter is not more than 5cm stock;
Scion is provided;
The stock is contacted with scion forming layer, bundled.
2. walnut branching grafting method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that 2~3 buds are stayed in the scion.
3. walnut branching grafting method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that when stock is contacted with scion forming layer, The processing method of the stock is:Smoothly locate in stock bark sawed-off, scabble interface, then ream stock at scion to be inserted Bark, standardized knife is indulged cutting in the middle of mouth.
4. walnut branching grafting method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that when stock is contacted with scion forming layer, The processing method of the scion is:Scion lower end cuts out bevel, respectively cuts a knife in scion reverse side or so, scion is fined away.
5. the walnut branching grafting method according to claim 3 or 4, it is characterised in that stock is contacted with scion forming layer When, the method for the contact is:Cut a knife from bottom to top at scion to be inserted, ream stock bark, drawn cutting to indulge in the middle of mouth One knife, then inserts scion, stock is contacted with scion forming layer.
6. walnut branching grafting method according to claim 5, it is characterised in that the stock is contacted with scion forming layer Afterwards, scion shows money or valuables one carries unintentionally 0.3-0.5cm.
CN201710464377.6A 2017-06-19 2017-06-19 Walnut branching grafting method Pending CN107094509A (en)

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110169304A (en) * 2019-07-12 2019-08-27 成都市农林科学院 Walnut branching grafting method
CN111512809A (en) * 2020-05-06 2020-08-11 广东省农业科学院果树研究所 Efficient dwarf low-position grafting method for olive trees

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1067153A (en) * 1992-01-20 1992-12-23 文登市农业畜牧局 Long scion high grafting method
CN102783390A (en) * 2012-08-24 2012-11-21 张掖市林业科学研究院 Top-grafting and superior variety-exchange cultivation method of improved variety of apricot tree
CN103416229A (en) * 2013-08-16 2013-12-04 新疆林业科学院 Wrapping-type walnut bark whip grafting method
CN105393805A (en) * 2015-10-28 2016-03-16 张掖市林业科学研究院 Apple tree top-grafting variety-changing method
CN105493902A (en) * 2014-09-26 2016-04-20 吕建红 Method for high grafting and head change of walnut tree
CN106386186A (en) * 2016-09-06 2017-02-15 四川省林业科学研究院 Method for draining water during walnut bark grafting in high humidity region

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1067153A (en) * 1992-01-20 1992-12-23 文登市农业畜牧局 Long scion high grafting method
CN102783390A (en) * 2012-08-24 2012-11-21 张掖市林业科学研究院 Top-grafting and superior variety-exchange cultivation method of improved variety of apricot tree
CN103416229A (en) * 2013-08-16 2013-12-04 新疆林业科学院 Wrapping-type walnut bark whip grafting method
CN105493902A (en) * 2014-09-26 2016-04-20 吕建红 Method for high grafting and head change of walnut tree
CN105393805A (en) * 2015-10-28 2016-03-16 张掖市林业科学研究院 Apple tree top-grafting variety-changing method
CN106386186A (en) * 2016-09-06 2017-02-15 四川省林业科学研究院 Method for draining water during walnut bark grafting in high humidity region

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110169304A (en) * 2019-07-12 2019-08-27 成都市农林科学院 Walnut branching grafting method
CN111512809A (en) * 2020-05-06 2020-08-11 广东省农业科学院果树研究所 Efficient dwarf low-position grafting method for olive trees
CN111512809B (en) * 2020-05-06 2023-01-13 广东省农业科学院果树研究所 Efficient dwarf low-position grafting method for olive trees

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Application publication date: 20170829