CN108124622A - A kind of walnut Bevel saw anvil top grafting method for changing species - Google Patents
A kind of walnut Bevel saw anvil top grafting method for changing species Download PDFInfo
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- CN108124622A CN108124622A CN201711453933.6A CN201711453933A CN108124622A CN 108124622 A CN108124622 A CN 108124622A CN 201711453933 A CN201711453933 A CN 201711453933A CN 108124622 A CN108124622 A CN 108124622A
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Abstract
The present invention discloses a kind of walnut Bevel saw anvil top grafting method for changing species, and this method discharges water including scion processing, Root-stock selection, stock, big tree transformation grafting.The method of the present invention solves the defects of traditional engrafting method bleeding of the big tree of walnut influences survival rate.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to fruit tree cultivation technical fields, and new method is grafted more particularly, to a kind of big tree transformation of walnut.
Background technology
Walnut is one of important oil plant dry fruit tree variety in the world, and kernel, pericarp, plants shell, pollen and timber at branches and leaves
It utilizes, for special walnut kernel with full of nutrition and famous, comprehensive development and utilization value is high, and the mountain area masses are referred to as " the iron village
Sow ", " money tree ", be a kind of perennial excellent economic tree.
Yunnan Province is the area of origin of the famous high-quality walnut in China and the big province of main product, nearly 40,000,000 mu of cultivated area, it has also become
No matter the important green pillar industry in Mountainous Districts of Yunnan Province, rank first in the whole country in yield and quality.But some areas in recent years
Production development excessive velocities, the miscellaneous poor products kind outstanding problem of the whole province, while serious early frost and late frost harm has continuously emerged, it causes
The different degrees of harm of the raw complex peach bodies of 3-20, major part set whole strain and freeze to death, and the coming year grows J. sigillata, serious shadow from base portion
The yield and quality of walnut is rung.It is that walnut is promoted to realize that high yield is good with breeding to carry out high-grafting using breeding
Important technology.At present, the raw walnut tree with high of Yunnan 3-20 and miscellaneous bad Walnut Cultivars Trees of Walnut enormous amount are badly in need of carrying out
Transformation.
The traditional Trees of Walnut engrafting method in Yunnan, in 2 months-early March, plane saw anvil, the progress that discharges water of not slotting
Grafting；Using anvil is opened from stock saw kerf into horizontal plane, the mode that saw kerf planar circumferential is diametrically rived vertically downward carries out for grafting.
Tree body just locates sprouting period at this time, and tree body is going up water, and graft union mechanical trauma is big during grafting, causes tree body bleeding (water) mistake
It is more, pour in down a chimney into graft union, anvil fringe is made not heal in time, not only influence graft survival rate or even graft union is caused to be gone rotten lesion；
And bleeding is the key factor for influencing walnut grafting survival rate.
Conventional Trees of Walnut high-grafting is less than 20-30% into graft survival rate
Invention content
In order to solve the big traditional engrafting method of tree of walnut there are survival rate it is low the defects of, the present invention proposes that one kind is directed to
A kind of new method, that is, walnut Bevel saw anvil top grafting method for changing species is grafted in the big tree transformation of walnut.
A kind of walnut Bevel saw anvil top grafting method for changing species proposed by the present invention, it is characterised in that：
(1) fringe bar prepares：
Mid or late January to early Febuary cuts thick 1.2~2.0cm, and bud is full, and healthy and strong, lignifying nutrition branch makees scion；It adopts
The scion of collection is placed 3~5 days in the cool, carries out processing of sealing with wax；Fringe bar is placed in 5-10 DEG C of temperature, relative humidity after sealing with wax
The ambient storage of 75-85%；
(2) Root-stock selection：
It selects the J. sigillata (J.sigillata Dode) of tree body health and the age of tree 3-20 tree or tree body health greatly and sets
The miscellaneous bad Walnut Cultivars of age 3-20；
(3) engrafting method：
1. grafting times：It is grafted when grafting or young sprout are evacuated to more than 30cm at the beginning of -4 months mid-March；
2. is grafted：Using cortex grafting method, specially：
The first step saws anvil：Away from the smooth place's saw anvil of bark is selected at ground 80~100cm trunks or side shoot corresponding site, saw
Face and level ground are into 30 °~45 ° inclined-planes；
Second step discharges water：Section lowest part reaches downwards the discharge sump of xylem, length 10-20cm, width with knife cutting-in
0.3-1cm；
Third walks：Scion cut to one long 4-5 centimetres of bevel, during cutting, first by knife it is crosscutting enter xylem 1/2 at,
Scion is fined away again；Stay 1-3 bud in scion bevel top；
4th step：The xylem of the plande noodles of scion towards stock is inserted into, 2-3 is wrapped in the upper end of stock with plastic tape
The upper section that rope is attached to stock after circle is fastened scion；
5th step：It is sleeved on stock with the plastic film being adapted with stock thickness, then uses and be cut into band-like mulch packet
Tie graft union.
Method of sealing with wax described in step (1), specially：68 DEG C of industrial paraffins of fusing point and beeswax by weight proportion 10：1
Mixing, be heated to 90-100 DEG C wax liquor, seal with wax scion is quickly dipped in wax liquor, it is desirable that obturage entire scion.
Bleeding is to influence an important factor for walnut grafting survives.In walnut period in early spring, root pressure is big, and bleeding weight, bleeding pours in down a chimney
It is that grafting is difficult to the principal element survived into graft union.The major technique of the present invention is innovated：The hand 1. use inclined-plane fluting discharges water
Section so as to long-term (during anvil fringe heals) over flood bleeding, improves survival rate.2. grafting time control is closed to improving survival rate
It is important：Grafting is too early, and bleeding is too many, and survival rate is low.The grafting time of the present invention is that tree body moisture content is down to and can remain normal and give birth to
Long water, in the period of bleeding reduction, can improve and survive during grafting.3. use cortex grafting method, after grafting survival wound healing compared with
Soon, tree body is influenced smaller.
The Bevel saw anvil of the present invention is employed, fluting discharges water, the Trees of Walnut transformation for the grafting that is delayed, and changes previous grafting
After method, the grafting average survival of the big tree of walnut can be improved to 93.5%.2010-2011 is in Northeast Yunnan, China, the middle regions of the Yunnan Province, Yunnan
West, NW YUNNAN, the southern regions of the Yunnan Province different zones are using Bevel saw anvil, and fluting discharges water, the grafting that is delayed and traditional grafting have done grafting pair
Than experiment, each region grafts 200 plants respectively every year using two kinds of graftings.It is grafted using the method for the present invention above-mentioned within 2010
Region survives 190 plants, 186 plants, 188 plants, 187 plants, 184 plants respectively, survival rate is 95% respectively, 93%, 94%,
93.5%th, 92%, traditional grafting survives 35 plants, 47 plants, 56 plants, 44 plants, 53 plants respectively, survival rate is 17.5% respectively,
23.5%th, 28%, 22%, 26.5%；2011 using the method for the present invention graft above-mentioned zone survive respectively 189 plants, 167
Strain, 182 plants, 181 plants, 176 plants, survival rate is 94.5%, 83.5%, 91%, 90.5%, 88% respectively；Traditional grafting
28 plants, 36 plants, 32 plants, 23 plants, 18 plants are survived respectively, and survival rate is 14%, 18%, 16%, 11.5%, 9% respectively.This hair
It is 93.5% that bright method, which grafts two annual survival rates, and it is 13.7% that traditional grafting, which grafts two annual survival rates, the present invention
Method grafting averagely improves 5.8 times than the grafting of traditional grafting.
The method of the present invention has fully considered the climatic characteristic in the walnut place of production, employs Bevel saw anvil, fluting discharges water,
Delay grafting, the technological means for inserting skin grafting significantly improve the survival rate of the big tree grafting of walnut；This method operation letter
It is single, it is easy to spread, produce unexpected technique effect and huge economic benefit.
Specific embodiment
Embodiment 1：(1) fringe bar prepares：Mid or late January to early Febuary cuts thick 1.2-2cm, and bud is full, healthy and strong, lignifying
High nutrition branch makees scion；It adopts the scion come to place in the cool 3~5 days, carries out processing of sealing with wax：68 DEG C of industrial paraffins of fusing point with
Beeswax by weight proportion 10：1 mixing, be heated to 90-100 DEG C wax liquor, seal with wax scion is quickly dipped in wax liquor, it is desirable that obturage whole
A scion；Scion is cased after sealing with wax, and babinet both sides are provided with venthole；Babinet is placed in 5-10 DEG C of temperature, relative humidity 75-
85% ambient storage；
(2) Root-stock selection is set greatly：Select miscellaneous bad Walnut Cultivars, age of tree 3-20, the plant of Root-stock selection robust growth,
Grafting part diameter rugosity is advisable at 5-7 centimetres, most thick to be no more than 10 centimetres, is slightly unfavorable for the healing of stock interface excessively.Reconfiguration will
Reconfiguration is carried out according to original tree-shaped, does not destroy original tree as far as possible, ensures the natural item such as ventilation, light transmission of tree
Part.
(3) engrafting method：
1. grafting time：The big tree high time connect is mid-March -- grafting at the beginning of 4 months；40-50 days by a definite date, too early stock was not
From skin, trunk infusion consumption too late is more and survival rate is low and influences young sprout growth.
2. graft technology：Using cortex grafting method, specially：
The first step saws anvil：Away from the smooth place's saw anvil of bark is selected at ground 80~100cm trunks or side shoot corresponding site, saw
Face and level ground are into 30 °~45 ° inclined-planes.
Second step discharges water：Section lowest part reaches downwards the discharge sump of xylem, length 10-20cm, width with knife cutting-in
0.3-1cm。
Third walks：Scion is cut to one long 4-5 centimetres of bevel.During cutting, first by knife it is crosscutting enter xylem about 1/2
Place, then splays forward to front end.Scion is fined away again.The thickness of scion insertion portion will be seen depending on the thickness of stock.Work as anvil
Scion insertion portion is thick when wooden interface is thick, that is, to ream less.Conversely, when stock interface is thin, scion insertion portion
Thinner, scion can be made to insert people's stock in this way, and to be unlikely to breach too big, and contacts closer.When selecting scion, slightly
The thicker scion of stock, the thinner scion of thin stock.Stay 1-3 bud in scion bevel top.
4th step：The xylem of the plande noodles of scion towards stock is inserted into.It is firmly twined in the upper end of stock with plastic tape
The upper section that rope is attached to stock after upper 2-3 circle winds scion, fixes.
5th step：It is sleeved on stock with the plastic film being adapted with stock thickness, then uses and be cut into band-like mulch packet
Tie graft union.
Stem grafting method mainly has three kinds of whip graft, cortex grafting and slotting skin whip graft methods, generally to insert skin whip graft to be best.Step
It is：
1st, it discharges water：Grafting is first to make wound to stock to discharge water, to reduce influence of the bleeding to survival rate.In trunk according to ground
More than 20cm is according to two saw kerfs, and two saw kerf spacing are in more than 20cm, and second saw kerf is located at the back side of first saw kerf, two
Dewatering outlet is opposite, and saw kerf and trunk are vertical, and dewatering outlet depth is the 1/10 of trunk diameter.
2nd, it trims：According to tree-like, the position of multiple major branches and central smoothing is selected, stays 20-30cm long sawed-off or cuts short, made
To bore wood, section is vertical with trunk, and section is smooth, prunes 1 centimetre of wide inclined-plane again at interface position, increases and bores wood and connect
Fringe bevel forms the contact area of stratification, is healed with profit.
3rd, scion is cut：3 buds are generally stayed in scion, and for bevel at the back side of the first bud, bevel length should be greater than 4cm, and bevel will
Flat smooth.
4th, grafting fringe：The position that one is smooth and radian is big is selected on wooden mouth is bored, by standardized of cortex than scion bevel slightly
Shorter longitudinal incision as deep as xylem, is gently provoked with knife to notch both sides, among scion alignment cortex interface, bevel
Against xylem, 0.5 centimetre is stayed between the xylem and cortex for boring wood, each grafting part symmetrically inserts two scion, then
Bondage.
5th, bondage：Bondage is carried out to scion and grafting part with plastic film bag, when bondage will from bottom to top, and bondage is tight after connecing
It is close, it is firmly moderate.
6th, brush polyvinyl alcohol glue：It after bondage is good, is smeared in scion and bondage position with polyvinyl alcohol glue, to protect
Wet heat preservation is conducive to improve graft survival rate.(the boiling method of polyethylene glue：By polyvinyl alcohol：Volume ratio=1 of water:
10, polyvinyl alcohol with water is added in container simultaneously and is heated, stir it is completely soluble to polyvinyl alcohol, after cooling be packed into container in
It is sealed spare).
7th, should erase rudiment in time after grafting, and prevent nutrient consumption, heal conducive to grafting part.
Claims (1)
1. a kind of walnut Bevel saw anvil top grafting method for changing species, it is characterised in that：
(1) fringe bar prepares：
Mid or late January to early Febuary cuts thick 1.2~2.0cm, and bud is full, and healthy and strong, lignifying nutrition branch makees scion；Acquisition
Scion is placed 3~5 days in the cool, carries out processing of sealing with wax；Fringe bar is placed in 5-10 DEG C of temperature, relative humidity 75- after sealing with wax
85% ambient storage；
(2) Root-stock selection：
Select the J. sigillata (J.sigillata Dode) of tree body health and the age of tree 3-20 tree or tree body health and age of tree 3- greatly
The miscellaneous bad Walnut Cultivars of 20 years；
(3) engrafting method：
1. grafting times：It is grafted when grafting or young sprout are evacuated to more than 30cm at the beginning of -4 months mid-March；
2. is grafted：Using cortex grafting method, specially：
The first step saws anvil：Away from selecting bark smooth place saw anvil at ground 80~100cm trunks or side shoot corresponding site, saw face with
Level ground is into 30 °~45 ° inclined-planes；
Second step discharges water：Section lowest part reaches downwards the discharge sump of xylem, length 10-20cm, width 0.3- with knife cutting-in
1cm；
Third walks：Scion cut to one long 4-5 centimetres of bevel, during cutting, first by knife it is crosscutting enter xylem 1/2 at, then will
Scion is fined away；Stay 1-3 bud in scion bevel top；
4th step：The xylem of the plande noodles of scion towards stock is inserted into, after being wrapped with 2-3 circles in the upper end of stock with plastic tape
The upper section that rope is attached to stock is fastened scion；
5th step：It is sleeved on stock with the plastic film being adapted with stock thickness, is then bandaged with being cut into band-like mulch
Graft union.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201711453933.6A CN108124622A (en) | 2017-12-28 | 2017-12-28 | A kind of walnut Bevel saw anvil top grafting method for changing species |
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109328695A (en) * | 2018-10-11 | 2019-02-15 | 宜昌市林木种苗管理站 | A kind of stem grafting method and walnut stem grafting method |
| CN109479547A (en) * | 2018-12-26 | 2019-03-19 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院农业资源与环境研究所 | Southern juglans sigillata branch scion high position grafting moisture regulation method |
| CN109618701A (en) * | 2019-02-19 | 2019-04-16 | 顾刚 | Cambial slotting skin engrafting method is stayed in a kind of oblique saw anvil scion of big tree three |
| CN111183841A (en) * | 2020-01-13 | 2020-05-22 | 江苏省中国科学院植物研究所 | High grafting and replanting method for updating variety of apocarya |
| CN112075282A (en) * | 2020-09-21 | 2020-12-15 | 河池市林业科学研究院(河池市核桃研究所) | Inverted grafting skin-belly grafting method for crown replacement of walnut big tree |
| CN112930901A (en) * | 2021-03-26 | 2021-06-11 | 略阳县林业工作站 | Horse ear-shaped stock hardwood grafting method for preventing walnut tree from bleeding |
| CN113141895A (en) * | 2021-04-16 | 2021-07-23 | 河池市林业科学研究院 | Walnut soaking grafting method for moisture preservation and drainage |
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| CN101960966A (en) * | 2010-09-29 | 2011-02-02 | 阿布都拉·巴克 | Walnut bark grafting method without moisture preservation and shading |
| CN102613008A (en) * | 2012-03-15 | 2012-08-01 | 陶育照 | Walnut tree grafting method |
| CN104381029A (en) * | 2014-11-17 | 2015-03-04 | 赵廷松 | Novel grafting reformation method for large Yunnan walnut trees |
| CN104542013A (en) * | 2015-02-12 | 2015-04-29 | 云南省林业科学院 | Method for grafting big juglans sigillata trees |
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Patent Citations (4)
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| CN101960966A (en) * | 2010-09-29 | 2011-02-02 | 阿布都拉·巴克 | Walnut bark grafting method without moisture preservation and shading |
| CN102613008A (en) * | 2012-03-15 | 2012-08-01 | 陶育照 | Walnut tree grafting method |
| CN104381029A (en) * | 2014-11-17 | 2015-03-04 | 赵廷松 | Novel grafting reformation method for large Yunnan walnut trees |
| CN104542013A (en) * | 2015-02-12 | 2015-04-29 | 云南省林业科学院 | Method for grafting big juglans sigillata trees |
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109328695A (en) * | 2018-10-11 | 2019-02-15 | 宜昌市林木种苗管理站 | A kind of stem grafting method and walnut stem grafting method |
| CN109479547A (en) * | 2018-12-26 | 2019-03-19 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院农业资源与环境研究所 | Southern juglans sigillata branch scion high position grafting moisture regulation method |
| CN109618701A (en) * | 2019-02-19 | 2019-04-16 | 顾刚 | Cambial slotting skin engrafting method is stayed in a kind of oblique saw anvil scion of big tree three |
| CN111183841A (en) * | 2020-01-13 | 2020-05-22 | 江苏省中国科学院植物研究所 | High grafting and replanting method for updating variety of apocarya |
| CN112075282A (en) * | 2020-09-21 | 2020-12-15 | 河池市林业科学研究院(河池市核桃研究所) | Inverted grafting skin-belly grafting method for crown replacement of walnut big tree |
| CN112930901A (en) * | 2021-03-26 | 2021-06-11 | 略阳县林业工作站 | Horse ear-shaped stock hardwood grafting method for preventing walnut tree from bleeding |
| CN113141895A (en) * | 2021-04-16 | 2021-07-23 | 河池市林业科学研究院 | Walnut soaking grafting method for moisture preservation and drainage |
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Application publication date: 20180608 |