CN102395705A - 成膜装置和成膜方法 - Google Patents
成膜装置和成膜方法 Download PDFInfo
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- CN102395705A CN102395705A CN2010800168676A CN201080016867A CN102395705A CN 102395705 A CN102395705 A CN 102395705A CN 2010800168676 A CN2010800168676 A CN 2010800168676A CN 201080016867 A CN201080016867 A CN 201080016867A CN 102395705 A CN102395705 A CN 102395705A
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Images
Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02104—Forming layers
- H01L21/02365—Forming inorganic semiconducting materials on a substrate
- H01L21/02612—Formation types
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- H01L21/0262—Reduction or decomposition of gaseous compounds, e.g. CVD
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C16/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种成膜装置,在能够抽真空的处理容器内,使用有机金属原料气体在被处理体表面形成薄膜的成膜装置中,其特征在于,在暴露在所述处理容器内的气氛的部件的表面,设置疏水层。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及在半导体晶片等的被处理体的表面形成例如作为阻挡层(barrier film)/晶粒层seed layers)的含锰(Mn)膜等的薄膜用的成膜装置和成膜方法。
背景技术
通常,在制造半导体设备时,对半导体晶片反复进行成膜处理、图案蚀刻处理等的各种处理,来制造所需的设备。由于半导体晶片进一步要求高集成化和高细微化,线宽和孔径也日益要求微细化。作为埋入配线材料、沟槽(trench)、孔等的凹部内的材料,由于各种尺寸细微化,需要进一步减小电阻抗,因此,存在使用电阻抗非常小且便宜的铜的倾向(日本特开2004-107747号公报)。在使用铜作为配线材料、埋入材料的情况下,考虑到向其下层的铜的扩散阻挡性(diffusionbarrier)等,一般,钽金属(Ta)、钽氮化膜(TaN)等作为阻挡层使用。
在凹部内埋入铜时,首先,在等离子体溅射装置内,在包括凹部内的壁面整体的晶片表面整面上形成由铜膜构成的薄的晶粒层,接着,对整个晶片表面实施铜镀处理。由此,完全埋入凹部内。之后,晶片表面的剩余的铜薄膜通过CMP(Chemical Mechanical Polishing)处理等被研磨处理而除去。
最近,以进一步提高上述阻挡层的可靠性为目标,进行了各种开发。其中,代替上述的Ta膜或TaN膜,使用Mn膜或CuMn合金膜的自己形成阻挡层受到关注(日本特开2005-277390号公报)。这样的Mn膜或CuMn合金膜,通过溅射成膜,该Mn膜或CuMn合金膜自身成为晶粒层。因此,在其上方能直接形成Cu镀层,镀后实施退火,自调整地(self-aligning)与下层的绝缘膜SiO2层反应,在该SiO2层与Mn膜、CuMn合金膜的边界部分形成MnSixOy(x、y:任意正整数)膜,或者作为锰氧化物的MnOx(x:任意正整数)膜的阻挡层。即,具有能够减少制造工序数的优点。
但是,通过溅射形成Cu膜或CuMn合金膜的方法,覆盖性不好,不能充分对应半导体设备的高微细化。因此,近年来,进行了通过CVD法形成这些的膜的研究。其中,锰氧化物,随着Mn的价数不同,存在MnO、Mn3O4、Mn2O3、MnO2等的多种,在本说明书中将这些总称为MnOx。
如上所述,在成膜装置中形成Mn膜、CuMn合金膜的情况下,通常使用热CVD法。但是,这种情况下,成膜装置的处理容器的内侧表面、处理容器内的内部构造物的表面、直至排气系统的捕捉器(trap)的排气配管、压力调整阀(APC)、真空泵等的内壁和内部构造物的表面会附着相当多量的堆积物。其结果,出现清洁处理的频率变高,或者,由于上述堆积物的剥离发生大量颗粒的问题。这些问题,特别是作为反应气体添加H2O等的含氧气体的情况下,成膜速度上升,问题更显著。
发明内容
本发明,着眼于以上的问题点,提案有效解决的方案。本发明的目的在于,提供一种能够抑制暴露在处理容器内的气氛下的部件的表面附着堆积物的成膜装置和成膜方法。
本发明的成膜装置,其在能够抽真空的处理容器内,使用有机金属原料气体在被处理体表面形成薄膜,其特征在于,在暴露于所述处理容器内的气氛的部件的表面设置疏水层。
通过在暴露于处理容器内的气氛中的部件的表面设置疏水层,能够有效抑制在该部件表面附着的堆积物。
或者,本发明的成膜装置,其在能够抽真空的处理容器内,使用有机金属原料气体和含氧气体,在被处理体的表面形成薄膜,其特征在于,在暴露于所述处理容器内的气氛中的部件的表面设置疏水层。
通过在暴露于处理容器内的气氛中的部件的表面设置疏水层,能够有效抑制在该部件的表面附着的堆积物。
优选,所述部件中包括选自由所述处理容器、将气体导入所述处理容器内的喷淋头部、支承所述被处理体的载置台构造、将所述被处理体搬入搬出所述处理容器内时开闭的门阀中的一种以上。
此外,优选,在与所述处理容器连接的排气配管的内部也形成所述疏水层。
此外,优选,所述疏水层由选自SiOC层和氟系树脂层和疏水化处理过的硅层中的一层构成。
此外,优选,所述有机金属原料气体中包括的金属,为选自Mn、Nb、Zr、Cr、V、Y、Pd、Ni、Pt、Rh、Tc、Al、Mg、Sn、Ge、Ti、Re中的一种以上的金属。
此外,优选,包括所述Mn的有机金属材料,为选自(EtCp)2Mn[=Mn(C2H5C5H4)2]、Cp2Mn[=Mn(C5H5)2]、(MeCp)2Mn[=Mn(CH3C5H4)2]、(i-PrCp)2Mn[=Mn(C3H7C5H4)2]、MeCpMn(CO)3[=(CH3C5H4)Mn(CO)3]、(t-BuCp)2Mn[=Mn(C4H9C5H4)2]、CH3Mn(CO)5、Mn(DPM)3[=Mn(C11H19O2)3]、Mn(DMPD)(EtCp)[=Mn(C7H11C2H5C5H4)]、Mn(acac)2[=Mn(C5H7O2)2]、Mn(DPM)2[=Mn(C11H19O2)2]、Mn(acac)3[=Mn(C5H7O2)3]、Mn(hfac)2[=Mn(C5HF6O2)3]、((CH3)5Cp)2Mn[=Mn((CH3)5C5H4)2]、[Mn(iPr-AMD)2][=Mn(C3H7NC(CH3)NC3H7)2]、[Mn(tBu-AMD)2][=Mn(C4H9NC(CH3)NC4H9)2]中的一种以上的材料。
或者,本发明为一种成膜方法,其特征在于,在能够抽真空的处理容器内,使用有机金属原料气体,在被处理体表面形成薄膜,包括:在没有收容所述被处理体的状态下,将疏水化气体流向所述处理容器内来对所述处理容器的表面实施疏水化的疏水化工序;在收容所述被处理体的状态下,将所述有机金属原料气体流向所述处理容器内来形成所述薄膜的薄膜形成工序。
通过对处理容器的表面实施疏水化,能够有效抑制在该表面附着的堆积物。
或者,本发明涉及一种成膜方法,在能够抽真空的处理容器中,使用有机金属原料气体在被处理体表面形成薄膜,其特征在于,包括:在暴露于所述处理容器内的气氛中的部件的表面预先形成硅层的硅层形成工序;在不收容所述被处理体的状态下,将疏水化气体流向所述处理容器内,来对所述硅层的表面实施疏水化处理的疏水化工序;在收容所述被处理体的状态下,将所述有机金属原料气体流向所述处理容器内,来形成所述薄膜的薄膜形成工序。
通过对硅层的表面实施疏水化,能够有效抑制在该表面附着的堆积物。
优选,所述疏水化气体为选自HF(氟酸)、HMDS(Hexamethyldisilazane:六甲基二硅胺烷)、TMDS(1,1,3,3-Tetramethyldisilazane:1,1,3,3-四甲基二硅氨烷)、TMSDMA(Dimethylaminotrimethylsilane:三甲基硅烷基二甲胺)、DMSDMA(Dimethylsilyldimethylamine:二甲基甲硅烷基二甲胺)、TMMAS(Trimethylmethylaminosilane:三甲基(甲氨基)硅烷)、TMICS(Trimethyl(isocyanato)silane:三甲基(异氰酸基)硅烷)、TMSA(Trimethylsilylacetylene:三甲基硅乙炔)和TMSC(Trimethylsilylcyanide5:三甲基氰硅烷)、1,3,5,7-四甲基环四硅氧烷(1,3,5,7-tetramethylcyclotetrasiloxane)、二甲基硅烷(dimethylsilane)、四乙基环四硅氧烷(tetraethylcyclotetrasiloxane)、1,2,3-三乙基-2,4,6-三甲基环三硅氮烷(1,2,3-triethyl-2,4,6-trimethylcyclotrisilazane)、1,2,3,4,5,6-六甲基环三硅氮烷(1,2,3,4,5,6-hexamethylcyclotrisilazane)、甲基硅甲烷(monomethylsilane)、六甲基二硅烷(hexamethyldisilane)、六甲基硅氧烷(hexamethylsiloxane)、三甲基硅烷(trimethylsilane)、四甲基硅烷(tetramethylsilane)、二甲基二甲氧基硅烷(dimethyldimethoxysilane)、八甲基环四硅氧烷(octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane)、三甲氧基甲基硅烷(trimethoxymethylsilane)、六乙基二硅氮烷(hexaethyldisilazane)、六苯基二硅氮烷(hexaphenyldisilazane)、七甲基二硅氮烷(heptamethyldisilazane)、二丙基-四甲基二硅氮烷(dipropyl-tetramethyldisilazane)、二-正-丁基四甲基二硅氮烷(di-n-butyl-tetramethyldisilazane)、二-正-辛基四甲基二硅氮烷(di-n-octyl-tetramethyldisilazane)、二乙烯基四甲基二硅氮烷(divinyl-tetramethyldisilazane)、1,1,3,3,5,5-六甲基环三硅氮烷(1,1,3,3,5,5-hexamethylcyclotrisilazane)、六乙基环三硅氮烷(hexaethylcyclotrisilazane)、六苯基环三硅氮烷(hexaphenylcyclotrisilazane)、八甲基环四硅氮烷(octamethylcyclotetrasilazane)、八乙基环四硅氮烷(octaethyl cyclotetrasilazane)、四乙基-四甲基环四硅氮烷(tetraethyl-tetramethylcyclotetrasilazane)、四苯基二甲基二硅氮烷(tetraphenyldimethyldisilazane)、二苯基-四甲基二硅氮烷(diphenyl-tetramethyldisilazane)、三乙烯基-三甲基环三硅氮烷(trivinyl-trimethylcyclotrisilazane)、四乙烯基-四甲基环四硅氮烷(tetravinyl-tetramethylcyclotetrasilazane)中的1种以上的气体。
附图说明
图1为表示本发明的成膜装置的一个例子的构造图。
图2为表示成膜装置的各部件的表面形成的疏水层的局部放大截面图。
图3A和图3B为表示疏水化处理的一例的工序图。
图4为表示评价本发明的成膜装置中使用的疏水层堆积的膜的膜厚的实验结果的图。
图5为表示本发明的成膜方法的一例的流程图。
具体实施方式
以下,基于附图,对本发明的成膜装置和成膜方法的一实施方式进行说明。图1为表示本发明的成膜装置的一例的构造图,图2为表示图1的成膜装置的各部件的表面形成的疏水层的局部扩大截面图,图3为表示疏水化处理的一例的工序图。该成膜装置,为使用有机金属原料气体和含氧气体,形成作为薄膜的含Mn膜的装置。此外,在此,作为含氧气体以使用水蒸气(H2O)的情况为例进行说明。
如图所示,本实施方式的成膜装置2,例如具有内部截面为大致圆形状的铝制或铝合金制的处理容器4。该处理容器4内的顶部设置有作为导入所需的气体、例如成膜气体等用的气体导入单元的喷淋头部6。从设置在其下面的气体喷射面8的多个气体喷射孔10A、10B,向处理空间S喷射成膜所需的各种气体。
该喷淋头部6内,形成有被划分为中空状的2个气体扩散室12A、12B。导入各气体扩散室12A、12B的处理气体,向平面方向扩散后,通过分别连通各气体扩散室12A、12B的各气体喷射孔10A、10B吹出。即,气体喷射孔10A、10B被配置成矩阵状,从各气体喷射孔10A、10B喷射的各个气体在处理空间S被混合。
这种气体供给形态称为后混合(post mix)。该喷淋头部6的整体,例如由镍或哈司特镍合金(Hastelloy)(注册商标)等的镍合金、铝、或者铝合金形成。此外,由后述的ALD法进行成膜的情况下,作为喷淋头部6也可以采用只有一个气体扩散室的构造。在喷淋头部6和处理容器4的上端开口部的接合部,介设有例如由O型环等形成的密封部件14,来维持处理容器4内的气密性。
此外,在处理容器4的侧壁设置有搬入搬出口16,用于相对于处理容器4内,搬入或搬出作为被处理体的半导体晶片W。在该搬入搬出口16设置有能够气密的开闭的门阀18。
在处理容器4的底部20形成有排气空间22。具体来说,在容器底部20的中央部形成有大的开口24,在该开口部24连结有向其下方延伸的有底圆筒体状的圆筒分隔壁26,该圆筒分隔壁26的内部形成(分隔)排气空间22。在圆筒分隔壁26的底部28设置有从此处立起的载置台构造30。载置台构造30,具体来说,主要由从底部28立起的圆筒体状的支柱32、固定在该支柱32的上端部并在其上面能够载置作为被处理体的半导体晶片W的载置台34而构成。
载置台34由例如陶瓷材料、石英玻璃、铝(包括合金)形成。载置台34内收容有电阻加热器36,电阻加热器36作为加热单元,通过通电发热,例如由碳线加热器(carbon wire heater)等构成。由此,能够对载置在载置台34上表面的半导体晶片W加热。
在载置台34,以在上下方向贯通的方式形成有多根例如3根销插通孔38(图1中仅示例了2个)。在各销插通孔38配置有以能够上下移动的游隙状态插通的按压销40。按压销40的下端配置有形成为圆形环形状的例如氧化铝那样的陶瓷制的按压环42。即,由按压环42,各按压销40的下端被支撑。从按压销42延伸的臂部44,与贯通容器底部20设置的出没杆46连结。该出没杆46,通过传动器48能够升降。
如上,在晶片W的交接时,各按压销40能够从各销插通孔38的上端向上方出没。其中,出没杆46的容器底部的贯通部介设有能够伸缩的波纹管50,出没杆46能够在维持处理容器4内的气密性的同时进行升降。
设定排气空间22的入口侧的开口24比载置台34的直径小,流下载置台34的周边部的外侧的气体,在载置台34的下方迂回,之后流向开口24。此外,在圆筒分隔壁26的下部侧壁形成有朝向排气空间22的排气口52。在该排气口52连接有真空排气系统54。真空排气系统54具有与排气口52连接的排气配管110构成的排气通路56,在该排气通路56依次设置有压力调整阀58、真空泵60、除害装置(未图示)等。由此,能够一边对处理容器4内和排气空间22的气氛进行压力控制一边进行抽真空来排气。排气配管110上卷绕有橡胶加热器(rubber heater)112,加热至规定的温度。
此外,处理容器4的侧壁、喷淋头部6的侧壁、圆筒分隔壁26的侧壁和圆筒分隔壁26的底部28上,埋设有作为加热单元的例如筒形加热器(cartridge heater)62、64、114、116,用以维持原料气体不再次液化的规定温度,例如80℃。
在喷淋头部6连接有向其供给规定气体的供给原料气体的原料气体供给单元66、和供给含氧气体例如水蒸气(H2O)用的含氧气体供给单元68。
原料气体供给单元66具有与2个气体扩散室内的一个气体扩散室12A的气体入口70连接的原料气体流路72。该原料气体流路72在途中设有开闭阀74,并且与收容第一原料的第一原料源78连接。此外,在第一原料源78的上游侧的原料气体流路72设置有用于调整发泡气体的流量的如质量流量控制器那样的流量控制器76。
作为第一原料,使用含有金属的有机金属原料。例如,通过被控制流量的Ar气体等的不活泼气体发泡,上述原料被气化,有机金属原料气体伴随着不活泼气体被供给。在此,上述原料的蒸汽压低的情况下,为了提高原料的蒸汽压,第一原料源78由未图示的加热器等被加热。作为有机金属原料,例如包括锰的(EtCp)2Mn(前体:环戊二烯锰),在液体状态存储在第一原料源78。此外,作为发泡用的不活泼气体,代替Ar气体,也可以使用He、Ne等其他的稀有气体、N2或者H2。
在原料气体流路72和设置于其上的开闭阀74,卷绕有带状加热器(tape heater)80,将这些加热到例如80℃,用以防止原料气体再次液化。此外,当然也可以根据使用的原料设置多个原料气体供给单元。
含氧气体供给单元68具有与另一个气体扩散室12B的气体入口82连接的气体流路84。该气体流路84在途中依次设置有开闭阀86和如质量流量控制器那样的流量控制器88,并且与产生水蒸气的水蒸气源90连接。该水蒸气源90例如由储水罐构成。该储水罐,例如通过调温器92,维持在例如40℃左右,以提高蒸汽压来产生水蒸气。
再气体流路84、设置在其上的开闭阀86和流量控制器88,卷绕有带状加热器94将其加热到例如80℃,用以防止水蒸气再次液化。
本实施方式中,原料气体被导入位于喷淋头部6的上方的气体扩散室12A,含氧气体(水蒸气)导入位于喷淋头部6的下方的气体扩散室12B。由于喷淋头部6与载置台34相对并接近,气体喷射面8的温度有上升的倾向。即,将原料气体导入下方的气体扩散室12B,有可能造成该原料气体分解。
此外,虽然未图示,吹扫用的不活泼气体供给单元与喷淋头部6连接,根据需要供给吹扫气体(purge gas)。作为吹扫气体,能够使用N2气体、Ar气体、He气体、Ne气体等不活泼气体。在暴露于处理容器4内的气氛中的部件的表面,设置有作为本发明的特征的疏水层96。
具体来说,该部件,在本实施方式中,相当于处理容器4、喷淋头部6、载置台构造30和门阀18等。即,相当于处理容器4的内侧表面(包括圆筒分隔壁26的内侧表面)、喷淋头部6的下侧表面、载置台34的各表面、支柱32的各表面、门阀18的内侧表面等直接暴露于处理容器4内的气氛的表面。在这些表面设置有疏水层96。此时的状况,如图2所示。即,在处理容器4等代表的上述各部件的表面设置有疏水层96。疏水层96的表面为疏水性。因此,抑制附着在疏水层96的各表面的堆积物。此外,这种情况下,为了充分发挥抑制堆积物附着的效果,可以至少在处理容器4的内侧表面形成疏水层96。优选在连接于处理容器4的排气配管110的内部表面、压力调整阀58和真空泵60的内壁、以及内部构造物也设置疏水层96。
作为疏水层96,具体来说,能够使用SiOC层、氟系树脂层、润滑铝氧化膜、疏水性耐热涂料、经过疏水化处理的硅层。这样的疏水层96,例如形成厚度为0.01~5mm左右的厚度。SiOC层,SiOC材料自身具有疏水性。作为SiOC层,能够使用内部致密的SiOC材料,或者内部具有多孔的SiOC材料。作为一例,作为SiOC层,能够使用BlackDiamond(注册商标)或Aurora ULK(注册商标)等。此外,氟系树脂层,氟系树脂材料自身具有疏水性。作为氟系树脂层,能够使用例如Telfon(注册商标)。此外,润滑铝氧化膜,是在硬质的铝氧化膜的皮膜的微细孔填充油酸等的脂肪酸、石墨、Telfon树脂(氟系树脂)而成,也包括吸附PTFE(聚四氟乙烯)的微颗粒的铝氧化膜。
此外,硅层,例如通过硅喷镀处理在处理容器4等的各部件的表面形成。这种情况下,如图3A和图3B所示,硅层100的表面以亲水基-OH基为终端,通过在该表面实施疏水化处理,硅层100的表面成为疏水性,形成上述疏水层96。作为疏水化处理的一个例子,有如图3A所示的,对硅层100的表面进行HF清洗的方法,和如图3B所示的,HMDS(六甲基二硅氮烷)[=(CH3)3Si-NH-Si(CH3)3]处理的方法。通过HF清洗,如图3A所示,将硅层100的表面的-OH基替换为-H基,成为氢终端。由此,能够发挥疏水性。或者,通过HMDS处理,如图3B所示,硅层100的表面的-OH基与上述HMDS反应而硅化,附着Si和3个甲基。由此,能够发挥疏水性。此外,图3B所示的R1、R2、R3,不限于甲基,只要是烷基即可。
上述疏水层96,优选在组装成膜装置2之前,即,在各部件为零件状态时,相对于组建后在处理容器4内的气氛中暴露的表面,有选择地形成。
返回图1,为了控制这样的装置整体的动作,例如,设置计算机等构成的控制单元102。控制单元102,进行各气体供给的开始和停止的控制、各气体的供给量的控制、处理容器4内的压力控制、和晶片W的温度控制等。控制单元102,具有存储进行上述控制用的计算机程序的存储介质104、和用户端口106。作为存储介质104,例如能够使用软盘、闪存、硬盘、CD(Compact Disc)等。用户端口106,由操作者进行管理成膜装置2用的进行输入输出命令的操作等的键盘、可视化显示成膜装置2的工作状况的显示器等构成。
接着,对以上构成的成膜装置2的动作进行说明。首先,未处理的半导体晶片W,其表面通过例如层间绝缘膜等的绝缘层覆盖,另一方面,预先形成直至下层的配线层的接触孔(contact hole)、通孔(viahole)、配线槽等的沟槽。这样的晶片W被保持在未图示的搬送臂上,通过呈开状态的门阀18、搬入搬出口16,被搬入处理容器4内。该晶片W,被交接到上升的按压销40上。通过按压销40下降,晶片W被载置在载置台34的上表面。
接着,原料气体供给单元66、含氧气体供给单元68动作,一边分别进行流量控制一边向喷淋头部6供给规定的各气体,各气体通过气体喷射孔10A、10B喷射,被导入处理空间S。这些各气体的供给样态,如后所述,存在各种。在此,供给的是含Mn原料气体和水蒸气。
对设置在真空排气体系统54的真空泵60持续进行驱动,由此,处理容器4内、排气空间22内的气氛被抽真空。调整压力调整阀58的阀开度,将处理空间S的气氛维持在规定的工序压力。此时,晶片W的温度,通过设置在载置台34内的电阻加热器36加热,维持在规定的工序温度。这种情况下,晶片W的工序温度为200℃左右。此外,喷淋头部6、处理容器4,加热到Mn原料气体不再次液化的温度,例如80℃左右。
通过以上,在半导体晶片W的表面形成期望的薄膜。这种情况下,在晶片W的表面作为薄膜形成含Mn膜。该含Mn膜,具体来说为MnOx膜(锰氧化膜),有时是与衬底反应的MnSixOy。
这种情况的气体的供给样态,如日本特开2009-016782号公报所示,存在同时供给含Mn原料气体和水蒸气,通过热CVD法形成薄膜的方法、和交替间歇反复供给含Mn原料气体和水蒸气,反复进行原料气体的吸附工序和反应工序的ALD(Atomic Layered Deposition)法。使用哪种供给方式(成膜方法)均可。ALD法中,通过交替进行原料气体的吸附和水蒸气的供给所产生的反应,能够一层一层反复层积形成原子水平或分子水平的厚度的薄膜。
以上成膜处理中,在现有的成膜装置的情况下,向处理容器内供给含Mn原料气体和水蒸气,这些原料气体、水蒸气附着在暴露于处理容器内的气氛的部件的表面,例如处理容器的内侧表面、喷淋头部的气体喷射面、载置台的表面、门阀的内侧表面等,存在含Mn膜的薄膜作为不需要的薄膜堆积的倾向。
但是,本实施方式的成膜装置2中,如先前说明的那样,暴露在处理容器4内的气氛中的部件的表面,即,处理容器4的内侧表面、喷淋头部6的气体喷射面8、包括载置台34和支柱32的载置台构造30的表面、门阀18的内侧表面上分别设置有疏水层96,因此,能够有效抑制含Mn原料气体、水蒸气附着在这些各部件的表面。
特别是作为含Mn原料,在使用(EtCp)2Mn这样的原料的情况下,环戊二烯基(Cp)具有芳香性,具有π电子,因此,认为含Mn原料气体自身难以吸附在疏水性的部件的表面。作为具有这样的环戊二烯基配体的Mn原料,例如能够使用(EtCp)2Mn[=Mn(C2H5C5H4)2]、Cp2Mn[=Mn(C5H5)2]、(MeCp)2Mn[=Mn(CH3C5H4)2]、(i-PrCp)2Mn[=Mn(C3H7C5H4)2]、MeCpMn(CO)3[=(CH3C5H4)Mn(CO)3]、(t-BuCp)2Mn[=Mn(C4H9C5H4)2]、Mn(DMPD)(EtCp)[=Mn(C7H11C2H5C5H4)]、((CH3)5Cp)2Mn[=Mn((CH3)5C5H4)2],即,能够使用选自这些组中的一种以上的材料。这种情况下,能够进一步有效防止各部件的表面附着、堆积不需要的堆积物。因此,能够大幅抑制不需要的堆积物剥离产生的颗粒。此外,处理容器内的清洁等的维修带来的装置的停机时间能够缩短,还能够降低运行成本。
接着,对上述成膜装置中使用的疏水层96进行评价实验。说明其结果。在此,将构成各疏水层的材料在表面形成的小片(chip)设置在处理容器内的载置台上,维持与MnOx膜的形成时相同的工序温度200℃,实施10分钟与上述同样的MnOx膜的成膜处理。
此外,为了比较,对作为处理容器的构成材料的不实施疏水化处理的铝合金小片、作为亲水性表面的代表由EOS形成的SiO2膜在表面形成的小片分别实施同样的成膜处理。此时的结果示于图4。图4为表示各表面层上堆积的膜的膜厚的图。
如图4所示,作为使用TEOS形成的亲水性表面的SiO2膜小片的表面上形成MnOx膜为4.2nm左右厚。此为不优选的结果。
与此相对,本发明使用的疏水层的情况下,所有的材料中,可知能够抑制堆积的MnOx膜的厚度,使其非常薄。即,HF处理(疏水化处理)过的硅层的小片的情况下的膜厚为0.5nm左右,SiOC(BlackDiamond)的小片的情况下的膜厚为0.2nm左右,多孔状的SiOC层的小片的情况下的膜厚为0.6nm左右,可知均得到好的结果。
上述实施方式的成膜装置2,在组装成膜装置2之前,在各部件的表面需要的部分分别形成疏水层96,但对此没有特别限定。例如,作为疏水层96使用硅层的情况下,在组装成膜装置之后,在进行含Mn膜的成膜之前,先进行疏水化处理也可以。
图5为表示这种情况下的一个例子的流程图。具体来说,在组装形成了硅层的各部件构筑的成膜装置2的处理容器4内,在不收容晶片W的状态下,通过未图示的气体源输入疏水化气体,在各部件表面形成的硅层的表面进行疏水化的疏水化工序(S1)。作为疏水化气体,能够使用HF气体、和HMDS气体。由此,各部件的表面,即,处理容器4的内侧表面、喷淋头部6的气体喷射面8、载置台构造30的表面、门阀18的表面上形成的硅层的表面,如图3所示被疏水化,形成疏水层96。
由此,如图1所示,成为在各部件的表面分别形成疏水层96的状态。其后,如前所说明的,进行输入含有Mn原料气体和水蒸气,形成MnOx膜的薄膜形成工序(S2)。在这样的方法的情况下,各部件的表面形成了疏水层96,因此能够发挥与前述的作用效果同样的作用效果。此外,上述疏水化处理,是针对附着在各部件表面的硅层进行的,但是不限定于此,在表面不设置硅层,直接对各部件实施疏水化处理也可以。
此外,上述实施方式中,作为疏水层96,对各部件使用相同的材料,但是不限于此,也可以分别组合各种材料。例如,在处理容器4的内侧表面,设置作为疏水层96的SiOC层,在喷淋头部6的气体喷射面8上设置作为疏水层96的经HF处理的硅层也可以。
此外,上述实施方式中,作为含氧气体以使用水蒸气的情况为例进行说明,但不限于此,含氧气体能够使用选自H2O(水蒸气)、N2O、NO2、NO、O3、O2、H2O2、CO、CO2、醇类、有机酸所形成的组中的一种以上的材料。醇类中包括甲醇、乙醇等。
此外,上述实施方式中,以使用含Mn原料气体和含氧气体、作为薄膜使用MnOx膜的情况为例进行说明,但不限于此。不使用含氧气体,使用含Mn原料气体,作为薄膜形成Mn膜的情况也能够适用于本发明。
上述实施方式中,作为含Mn原料以使用(EtCp)2Mn的情况为例进行说明,但不限于此,作为含Mn原料,能够使用选自(EtCp)2Mn[=Mn(C2H5C5H4)2]、Cp2Mn[=Mn(C5H5)2]、(MeCp)2Mn[=Mn(CH3C5H4)2]、(i-PrCp)2Mn[=Mn(C3H7C5H4)2]、MeCpMn(CO)3[=(CH3C5H4)Mn(CO)3]、(t-BuCp)2Mn[=Mn(C4H9C5H4)2]、CH3Mn(CO)5、Mn(DPM)3[=Mn(C11H19O2)]3、Mn(DMPD)(EtCp)[=Mn(C7H11C2H5C5H4)]、Mn(acac)2[=Mn(C5H7O2)2]、Mn(DPM)2[=Mn(C11H19O2)2]、Mn(acac)3[=Mn(C5H7O2)3]、Mn(hfac)2[=Mn(C5HF6O2)3]、((CH3)5Cp)2Mn[=Mn((CH3)5C5H4)2]、[Mn(iPr-AMD)2][=Mn(C3H7NC(CH3)NC3H7)2]、[Mn(tBu-AMD)2][=Mn(C4H9NC(CH3)NC4H9)2]所形成的组中的一种以上的材料。
此外,上述实施方式中,作为有机金属原料气体中所含的金属以Mn为例进行说明,但不限于此,作为有机金属原料气体中所含的金属,能够使用选自Mn、Nb、Zr、Cr、V、Y、Pd、Ni、Pt、Rh、Tc、Al、Mg、Sn、Ge、Ti、Re所形成的组中的一种以上的金属。
此外,上述实施方式中,作为疏水化气体以使用HF气体或HMDS气体为例进行了说明,但不限于此,作为疏水化气体,能够使用选自HF(氟酸)、HMDS(Hexamethyldisilazane:六甲基二硅胺烷)、TMDS(1,1,3,3-Tetramethyldisilazane:1,1,3,3-四甲基二硅氨烷)、TMSDMA(Dimethylaminotrimethylsilane:三甲基硅烷基二甲胺)、DMSDMA(Dimethylsilyldimethylamine:二甲基甲硅烷基二甲胺)、TMMAS(Trimethylmethylaminosilane:三甲基(甲氨基)硅烷)、TMICS(Trimethyl(isocyanato)silane:三甲基(异氰酸基)硅烷)、TMSA(Trimethylsilylacetylene:三甲基硅乙炔)和TMSC(Trimethylsilylcyanide5:三甲基氰硅烷)、1,3,5,7-四甲基环四硅氧烷、二甲基硅烷、四乙基环四硅氧烷、1,2,3-三乙基-2,4,6-三甲基环三硅氮烷、1,2,3,4,5,6-六甲基环三硅氮烷、甲基硅甲烷、六甲基二硅烷、六甲基硅氧烷、三甲基硅烷、四甲基硅烷、二甲基二甲氧基硅烷、八甲基环四硅氧烷、三甲氧基甲基硅烷、六乙基二硅氮烷、六苯基二硅氮烷、七甲基二硅氮烷、二丙基-四甲基二硅氮烷、二-正-丁基四甲基二硅氮烷、二-正-辛基四甲基二硅氮烷、二乙烯基四甲基二硅氮烷、1,1,3,3,5,5-六甲基环三硅氮烷、六乙基环三硅氮烷、六苯基环三硅氮烷、八甲基环四硅氮烷、八乙基环四硅氮烷、四乙基-四甲基环四硅氮烷、四苯基二甲基二硅氮烷、二苯基-四甲基二硅氮烷、三乙烯基-三甲基环三硅氮烷、四乙烯基-四甲基环四硅氮烷中的1种以上的气体。
此外,在此,作为被处理体以半导体晶片为例进行说明,但是,半导体晶片也包括硅基板、GaAs、SiC、GaN等的化合物半导体基板。并且,不限于这些基板,本发明也能够适用于液晶显示装置中使用的玻璃基板、陶瓷基板等。
Claims (10)
1.一种成膜装置,其在能够抽真空的处理容器内,使用有机金属原料气体在被处理体的表面形成薄膜,该成膜装置的特征在于:
在暴露于所述处理容器内的气氛中的部件的表面设置有疏水层。
2.一种成膜装置,其在能够抽真空的处理容器内,使用有机金属原料气体和含氧气体在被处理体的表面形成薄膜,该成膜装置的特征在于:
在暴露于所述处理容器内的气氛中的部件的表面设置有疏水层。
3.如权利要求1或2所述的成膜装置,其特征在于:
所述部件包括选自所述处理容器、将气体导入所述处理容器内的喷淋头部、支承所述被处理体的载置台构造、和将所述被处理体搬入搬出所述处理容器内时开闭的门阀中的一种以上。
4.如权利要求3所述的成膜装置,其特征在于:
在与所述处理容器连接的排气配管的内部也形成有所述疏水层。
5.如权利要求3所述的成膜装置,其特征在于:
所述疏水层选自SiOC层、氟系树脂层、经疏水化处理的硅层中的一层。
6.如权利要求3所述的成膜装置,其特征在于:
所述有机金属原料气体所包括的金属,为选自Mn、Nb、Zr、Cr、V、Y、Pd、Ni、Pt、Rh、Tc、Al、Mg、Sn、Ge、Ti、Re中的一种以上的金属。
7.如权利要求6所述的成膜装置,其特征在于:
所述含Mn的有机金属材料,为选自(EtCp)2Mn[=Mn(C2H5C5H4)2]、Cp2Mn[=Mn(C5H5)2]、(MeCp)2Mn[=Mn(CH3C5H4)2]、(i-PrCp)2Mn[=Mn(C3H7C5H4)2]、MeCpMn(CO)3[=(CH3C5H4)Mn(CO)3]、(t-BuCp)2Mn[=Mn(C4H9C5H4)2]、CH3Mn(CO)5、Mn(DPM)3[=Mn(C11H19O2)]3、Mn(DMPD)(EtCp)[=Mn(C7H11C2H5C5H4)]、Mn(acac)2[=Mn(C5H7O2)2]、Mn(DPM)2[=Mn(C11H19O2)2]、Mn(acac)3[=Mn(C5H7O2)3]、Mn(hfac)2[=Mn(C5HF6O2)3]、((CH3)5Cp)2Mn[=Mn((CH3)5C5H4)2]、[Mn(iPr-AMD)2][=Mn(C3H7NC(CH3)NC3H7)2]、[Mn(tBu-AMD)2][=Mn(C4H9NC(CH3)NC4H9)2]中一种以上的材料。
8.一种成膜方法,其在能够抽真空的处理容器内,使用有机金属原料气体,在被处理体表面形成薄膜,该成膜方法的特征在于,包括:
疏水化工序,在没有收容所述被处理体的状态下,将疏水化气体流向所述处理容器内来对所述处理容器的表面实施疏水化;和
薄膜形成工序,在收容所述被处理体的状态下,将所述有机金属原料气体流向所述处理容器内来形成所述薄膜。
9.一种成膜方法,其在能够抽真空的处理容器中,使用有机金属原料气体在被处理体表面形成薄膜,该成膜方法的特征在于,包括:
硅层形成工序,在暴露于所述处理容器内的气氛中的部件的表面预先形成硅层;
疏水化工序,在不收容所述被处理体的状态下,将疏水化气体流向所述处理容器内来对所述硅层的表面实施疏水化;和
薄膜形成工序,在收容所述被处理体的状态下,将所述有机金属原料气体流向所述处理容器内来形成所述薄膜。
10.如权利要求8或9所述的成膜方法,其特征在于:
所述疏水化气体为选自HF(氟酸)、HMDS(Hexamethyldisilazane:六甲基二硅胺烷)、TMDS(1,1,3,3-Tetramethyldisilazane:1,1,3,3-四甲基二硅氨烷)、TMSDMA(Dimethylaminotrimethylsilane:三甲基硅烷基二甲胺)、DMSDMA(Dimethylsilyldimethylamine:二甲基甲硅烷基二甲胺)、TMMAS(Trimethylmethylaminosilane:三甲基(甲氨基)硅烷)、TMICS(Trimethyl(isocyanato)silane:三甲基(异氰酸基)硅烷)、TMSA(Trimethylsilylacetylene:三甲基硅乙炔)和TMSC(Trimethylsilylcyanide5:三甲基氰硅烷)、1,3,5,7-四甲基环四硅氧烷、二甲基硅烷、四乙基环四硅氧烷、1,2,3-三乙基-2,4,6-三甲基环三硅氮烷、1,2,3,4,5,6-六甲基环三硅氮烷、甲基硅甲烷、六甲基二硅烷、六甲基硅氧烷、三甲基硅烷、四甲基硅烷、二甲基二甲氧基硅烷、八甲基环四硅氧烷、三甲氧基甲基硅烷、六乙基二硅氮烷、六苯基二硅氮烷、七甲基二硅氮烷、二丙基-四甲基二硅氮烷、二-正-丁基四甲基二硅氮烷、二-正-辛基四甲基二硅氮烷、二乙烯基四甲基二硅氮烷、1,1,3,3,5,5-六甲基环三硅氮烷、六乙基环三硅氮烷、六苯基环三硅氮烷、八甲基环四硅氮烷、八乙基环四硅氮烷、四乙基-四甲基环四硅氮烷、四苯基二甲基二硅氮烷、二苯基-四甲基二硅氮烷、三乙烯基-三甲基环三硅氮烷、四乙烯基-四甲基环四硅氮烷中的一种以上的气体。
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Also Published As
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US20120251721A1 (en) | 2012-10-04 |
JP2011026634A (ja) | 2011-02-10 |
US8709541B2 (en) | 2014-04-29 |
WO2011010660A1 (ja) | 2011-01-27 |
KR20120034110A (ko) | 2012-04-09 |
US20140190409A1 (en) | 2014-07-10 |
JP5359642B2 (ja) | 2013-12-04 |
KR101361249B1 (ko) | 2014-02-11 |
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