CN102365615A - 无边框用户界面 - Google Patents

无边框用户界面 Download PDF

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CN102365615A
CN102365615A CN2010800157281A CN201080015728A CN102365615A CN 102365615 A CN102365615 A CN 102365615A CN 2010800157281 A CN2010800157281 A CN 2010800157281A CN 201080015728 A CN201080015728 A CN 201080015728A CN 102365615 A CN102365615 A CN 102365615A
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mobile device
user interface
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CN102365615B (zh
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M·A·斯穆嘎
D·A·埃普菲尔
J·S·施内克洛特
R·M·汉宁
M·J·克鲁泽尼斯基
M·K·亨德莱特
B·M·威尔逊
P·冈坦尔
C·A·沃斯
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Microsoft Technology Licensing LLC
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F3/00—Input arrangements for transferring data to be processed into a form capable of being handled by the computer; Output arrangements for transferring data from processing unit to output unit, e.g. interface arrangements
    • G06F3/01—Input arrangements or combined input and output arrangements for interaction between user and computer
    • G06F3/048—Interaction techniques based on graphical user interfaces [GUI]
    • G06F3/0481—Interaction techniques based on graphical user interfaces [GUI] based on specific properties of the displayed interaction object or a metaphor-based environment, e.g. interaction with desktop elements like windows or icons, or assisted by a cursor's changing behaviour or appearance
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F3/00—Input arrangements for transferring data to be processed into a form capable of being handled by the computer; Output arrangements for transferring data from processing unit to output unit, e.g. interface arrangements
    • G06F3/01—Input arrangements or combined input and output arrangements for interaction between user and computer
    • G06F3/048—Interaction techniques based on graphical user interfaces [GUI]
    • G06F3/0484—Interaction techniques based on graphical user interfaces [GUI] for the control of specific functions or operations, e.g. selecting or manipulating an object, an image or a displayed text element, setting a parameter value or selecting a range
    • G06F3/04842—Selection of displayed objects or displayed text elements
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F3/00—Input arrangements for transferring data to be processed into a form capable of being handled by the computer; Output arrangements for transferring data from processing unit to output unit, e.g. interface arrangements
    • G06F3/01—Input arrangements or combined input and output arrangements for interaction between user and computer
    • G06F3/048—Interaction techniques based on graphical user interfaces [GUI]
    • G06F3/0481—Interaction techniques based on graphical user interfaces [GUI] based on specific properties of the displayed interaction object or a metaphor-based environment, e.g. interaction with desktop elements like windows or icons, or assisted by a cursor's changing behaviour or appearance
    • G06F3/0482—Interaction with lists of selectable items, e.g. menus
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F3/00—Input arrangements for transferring data to be processed into a form capable of being handled by the computer; Output arrangements for transferring data from processing unit to output unit, e.g. interface arrangements
    • G06F3/14—Digital output to display device ; Cooperation and interconnection of the display device with other functional units
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04M—TELEPHONIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04M1/00—Substation equipment, e.g. for use by subscribers
    • H04M1/72—Mobile telephones; Cordless telephones, i.e. devices for establishing wireless links to base stations without route selection
    • H04M1/724—User interfaces specially adapted for cordless or mobile telephones
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04M—TELEPHONIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04M1/00—Substation equipment, e.g. for use by subscribers
    • H04M1/72—Mobile telephones; Cordless telephones, i.e. devices for establishing wireless links to base stations without route selection
    • H04M1/724—User interfaces specially adapted for cordless or mobile telephones
    • H04M1/72403—User interfaces specially adapted for cordless or mobile telephones with means for local support of applications that increase the functionality
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04M—TELEPHONIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04M1/00—Substation equipment, e.g. for use by subscribers
    • H04M1/72—Mobile telephones; Cordless telephones, i.e. devices for establishing wireless links to base stations without route selection
    • H04M1/724—User interfaces specially adapted for cordless or mobile telephones
    • H04M1/72403—User interfaces specially adapted for cordless or mobile telephones with means for local support of applications that increase the functionality
    • H04M1/72427—User interfaces specially adapted for cordless or mobile telephones with means for local support of applications that increase the functionality for supporting games or graphical animations
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04M—TELEPHONIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04M1/00—Substation equipment, e.g. for use by subscribers
    • H04M1/72—Mobile telephones; Cordless telephones, i.e. devices for establishing wireless links to base stations without route selection
    • H04M1/724—User interfaces specially adapted for cordless or mobile telephones
    • H04M1/72469—User interfaces specially adapted for cordless or mobile telephones for operating the device by selecting functions from two or more displayed items, e.g. menus or icons

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  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
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Abstract

描述了用于实现移动设备的显示屏的用户界面的技术。在一实现中，用户界面可以包括：无边框菜单，其被配置成在到移动设备的基于菜单的用户输入可用时被显示；系统托盘，其被配置成当包含影响移动设备的操作性的状态信息在内的通知可用时、在显示屏上显示；以及任务转换器模块，其用于使无边框覆层被显示在移动设备正在执行的活动应用之上，以允许选择移动设备的一个或多个应用。

Description

无边框用户界面
背景技术
诸如移动电话等的移动设备已经成为日常生活的必不可少的部分，移动电话包括智能电话、无线电话等。可以在使用移动设备时采用的通信技术也已经增加。例如，用户在传统上曾受限于移动通信设备和地面电话之间的电话呼叫。已经取得了进步以提供各种其他通信技术，例如文本消息传送、电子邮件、社交网络等等。然而，在具有传统形状因子的移动设备上包括这些附加的通信技术可能导致这些设备对移动应用而言变得难以操作以及较不适用。例如，曾被这些通信技术采用的传统输入设备在被传统移动设备应用时可能较不适用。
发明内容
描述了为移动设备的显示屏实现用户界面的技术，该用户界面被配置成为移动设备生成无边框的用户体验。在各实现中，用户界面可以包括被配置成在到移动设备的基于菜单的用户输入可用时显示的菜单系统。在其它实现中，用户界面可以包括被配置成响应于一通知而被显示的系统托盘，所述通知包括影响移动设备的操作性的通信相关信息或设备状态信息中的至少一个。在进一步的实现中，用户界面可包括任务转换器，所述任务转换器用于在层叠于活动任务的用户体验之上的覆层中显示和移动设备上运行的一个或多个不活动任务相对应的标记，所述任务转换器被配置成响应于标记的选择而转换到所述一个或多个不活动任务之一。
提供本发明内容以便以简化形式介绍将在以下的具体实施方式中进一步描述的一些概念。本发明内容不旨在标识出所要求保护的主题的关键特征或必要特征，也不旨在用于帮助确定所要求保护的主题的范围。
附图说明
参考附图来描述具体实施方式。在附图中，附图标记中的最左边的数字标识该附图标记首次出现的附图。在说明书和附图中的不同的实例中使用相同的附图标记可指示相似的或相同的项。
图1是可用于生成用户界面的示例移动设备环境的示意图。
图2是描述一示例实现中的过程的流程图，在该示例实现中，可由图1的移动设备的用户界面生成一菜单系统。
图3是描述一示例实现中的过程的流程图，在该示例实现中，可由图1的移动设备的用户界面生成一系统托盘。
图4是描述一示例实现中的过程的流程图，在该示例实现中，可由图1的移动设备的用户界面生成一无边框任务转换器。
图5是描述可以被诸如图1的移动设备这样的移动设备所采用的用户界面的示意图。
图6A是描述图5的用户界面的菜单系统的示例顶层菜单的示意图。
图6B是描述可经由图6A的菜单系统的顶层菜单访问的示例子菜单的示意图。
图7是描述可由图6A和6B的菜单系统所采用的各种切换菜单项的功能的示意图。
图8A是可由图5的用户界面所采用的示例系统托盘的示意图。
图8B是描述图8A的示例系统托盘的示意图，还说明了由状态托盘来显示通信相关通知和设备状态通知。
图8C是描述图8A和8B的示例系统托盘的示意图，还说明了已经在系统托盘内最小化的通信相关通知和设备状态通知。
图9是描述可以从图8A、8B和8C的系统托盘的控制板启动点启动的示例控制板的示意图。
图10是描述可以从图8A、8B和8C的系统托盘的任务转换器启动点启动的示例无边框任务转换器的示意图。
详细描述
概览
诸如移动电话等移动设备所提供的功能越来越多，移动电话包括智能电话、蜂窝电话等。传统上，移动设备采用极大地依赖于诸如菜单条、滚动条、窗口、文本框等图形元素的用户界面来生成移动设备的用户体验。这些图形元素被称为用户界面的“边框”。
随着移动设备的功能的增加，采用更为复杂的用户界面来组织向用户呈现的日益增长的信息量。这些更为复杂的用户界面意在广泛地使用“边框”元素。然而，移动设备一般具有小的形状因子，并且一般采用提供有限空间来显示用户界面的显示屏。因而，在复杂的用户界面中，边框可以占据移动设备的显示区域的相当大部分，使显示看上去凌乱并且降低了用户体验。
描述了实现用户界面的技术，该用户界面被配置成为移动设备生成无边框的用户体验。在一实现中，可以执行一应用，该应用被配置成为诸如移动电话这样的移动设备的显示提供用户体验。实现用户界面以便生成一应用编程接口(API)，该应用编程接口向应用展示功能以便配置该应用，用于用户体验的无边框显示。
在各实现中，用户界面可以包括各种特征。例如，在一个实现中，用户界面采用了一菜单系统，该菜单系统向移动设备上运行的各应用提供扩展的功能，而无须使用传统的边框元素。菜单系统采用在基于菜单的用户输入可用时显示的菜单元素。用户界面还可以包括被配置成响应于一通知而被显示的系统托盘，所述通知包含影响移动设备的操作性的通信相关信息或设备状态信息中的至少一个。在各实施例中，可以在诸如电池状态或信号强度这样的通用设备状态通知变得重要之前，从用户界面中移除这些设备状态通知，使得不使用边框元素来显示这些通知。
用户界面也可以采用一任务转换器，所述任务转换器用于在层叠于活动任务的用户体验之上的覆层中显示和移动设备上运行的一个或多个不活动任务相对应的标记(例如，拇指或图标)。任务转换器被配置成响应于标记的选择而转换到不活动任务之一。更进一步，用户界面可以采用一控制板，所述控制板被配置成访问移动设备的一个或多个设置，使得可以容易地调节通用设置。在各实施例中，系统托盘可以包括用于启动任务的一个或多个启动点。例如，在一个实施例中，系统托盘可以包括分别被配置成启动任务转换器和控制板的任务转换器启动点和控制板启动点。
在以下讨论中，首先描述可用于生成用户界面的示例环境。随后描述用户界面的示例，其可用于所示环境以及其他环境中而不背离其精神和范围。
示例环境
图1示出可用于执行这里讨论的技术的示例性移动设备环境100。环境100包括移动设备102，移动设备102可用于实现生成无边框用户体验的用户界面。移动设备102可以按各种方式来配置。例如，移动设备102可以被配置为诸如智能电话、蜂窝电话、个人数字助理等移动通信设备。移动设备102包括网络接口104，网络接口104使设备能与诸如网络106等一个或多个网络进行通信，以访问诸如蜂窝提供者108和因特网提供者110这样的服务提供者，这些服务提供者向该环境的各方面提供蜂窝电话、网络连接和/或数据检索功能。
网络106可以采用非常多的配置。例如，网络106可以包括蜂窝电话网、因特网、广域网(WAN)、局域网(LAN)、无线网络(例如WIFI(IEEE 802.11)网络)、公共电话网、外联网、内联网、等等。此外，虽然示出了单个网络106，但是网络106可被配置为包括多个网络。例如，被配置为智能电话的移动设备102可以经由蜂窝电话网来访问公司内联网内的网页。也可考虑各种其他实例。
移动设备102还包括显示屏112，用于向移动设备102的用户显示信息。在各实施例中，显示屏112可以包括LCD(液晶二极管)显示屏、TFT(薄膜晶体管)LCD显示屏、LEP(发光聚合物或PLED(聚合物发光二极管))显示屏等，它们被配置成显示文本和/或诸如图形用户界面等图形信息。显示屏112可以经由背光从背后照亮，使得可以在黑暗或其它低光线环境中被观看。在具体的实现中，显示屏112可以设有用于输入数据和命令的触摸屏114。移动设备102还可以包括一个或多个输入/输出(I/O)设备116(例如键区、按钮、无线输入设备、数据输入等)。输入/输出设备116可以包括一个或多个音频I/O设备118，诸如麦克风、扬声器等。
移动设备102的各个器件和模块在通信上耦合至处理器120和存储器122。处理器120为移动设备102提供处理功能，并且可以包括任意数量的处理器、微控制器或其它处理系统、以及用于存储移动设备102所访问或生成的数据和其它信息的内置或外部存储器。处理器120可以执行实现这里所述技术和模块的一个或多个软件程序。处理器120不受其制成材料或其采用的处理机制所限制，因此，处理器可以经由半导体和/或晶体管(例如，电子集成电路(IC))等来实现。
存储器122是提供存储功能来存储与移动设备102的操作相关联的各种数据或其他数据的计算机可读介质的一个例子，所述各种数据诸如上述软件程序和代码段，所述其他数据指示处理器120以及移动设备102的其它元素来执行这里所述的技术。尽管示出单个存储器122，但可以采用各种类型和各种组合的存储器。存储器122可以与处理器120集成、可以是独立存储器、或是两者的组合。存储器可以包括例如，诸如RAM、ROM、闪存(例如SD卡、迷你SD卡、微SD卡)、磁性的、光学的USB存储器设备等的可移动和不可移动存储器元件。在移动设备102的各实施例中，存储器122可以包括诸如由SIM(用户标识模块)卡、USIM(通用用户标识模块)卡、UICC(通用集成电路卡)等提供的可移动ICC(集成电路卡)存储器。
在各实现中，移动设备102包括可被存储在存储器122中并且可由处理器120执行的用户界面模块124。用户界面模块124代表生成用户体验的功能，所述用户体验可用于控制经由显示屏112将信息和数据显示给移动设备102的用户。用户界面模块124也可以提供通过经由触摸屏114和/或I/O设备116提供输入、使用户能与移动设备102的一个或多个应用126交互的功能。应用126可以包括软件，所述软件可存储在存储器122中并可由处理器120执行以便执行一个具体操作或一组操作以及/或者为移动设备102提供用户体验。示例应用126可以包括蜂窝电话应用、即时消息收发应用、浏览器、照片共享应用、日历应用、地址簿应用等。
在一实现中，存储在存储器122中的应用126可由处理器120执行。应用126被配置成为移动设备102提供用户体验。例如，应用126可以通过移动设备102的显示屏112来提供显示的用户体验，例如通过提供要由显示屏所显示的内容。用户界面模块126可以生成一应用编程接口(API)，以便向应用126展示功能以便配置该应用126，用于通过显示屏112进行用户体验的无边框显示。在各实施例中，用户界面模块124也可以提供使用户与这样的用户体验交互的功能，所述用户体验由应用126通过经由触摸屏114和/或I/O设备116提供输入来提供。参照图5描述了可由用户界面125实现以生成无边框用户体验的示例用户界面500。
在各实现中，用户界面模块124可以包括菜单系统模块128、系统托盘模块130和任务转换器模块132。菜单系统模块128表示生成菜单系统的功能，所述菜单系统向移动设备102上执行的用户界面模块124和/或应用126提供功能。在各实施例中，菜单系统不永久地显示诸如状态条、滚动条等边框元素。而是可以响应于在确定基于菜单的输入可用来显示菜单系统。可以对用户界面模块124或应用126作出基于菜单的输入。在各实施例中，菜单系统包括可由移动设备102的用户经由触摸屏114或诸如键区、按钮等I/O设备116来选择的菜单项。当基于菜单的输入不可用时，不显示菜单系统。下面参照图2来描述可由菜单系统模块128用来生成菜单系统的示例过程200。下面参照图6A和6B描述了可由菜单系统模块128生成的示例菜单系统600。参照图7描述了由图6A和6B的菜单系统600所使用的示例菜单项700。
系统托盘模块130代表生成系统托盘的功能，所述系统托盘被配置成向移动设备102的用户提供包括通信相关通知和设备状态通知在内的通知。在各实施例中，在状态信息满足预定义的标准从而确定状态信息要被提供给用户之前，系统托盘模块130可以从用户界面中移除诸如电池状态、信号强度等通用设备系统状态通知。例如，在一个实施例中，系统托盘模块130可以在移动设备102的电池寿命低至预定水平以下时显示指示低电池寿命的状态通知。这样，可以从显示屏112中移除用户界面传统采用以提供状态信息的边框元素，以减少显示屏凌乱性。
系统托盘模块130也可以提供生成用于启动各种任务的启动点的功能，所述各种任务诸如用户界面的元素、应用126等。例如，在一个实施例中，系统托盘模块130可以在用户界面内生成启动点，以便启动控制板来显示用于移动设备102的操作的设置、操作状态通知(例如，低电池寿命、低信号强度等)等。参照图8A、8B和8C描述了可由系统托盘模块130生成的示例系统托盘800。参照图9描述了可以从系统托盘800启动的示例控制板。
任务转换器模块132表示用于生成任务转换器的功能。在各实施例中，任务转换器可经由单个用户交互来访问，以便在移动设备102所支持的两个或更多任务(例如应用126)之间导航。例如，任务转换器模块132可以被配置成使覆层被显示在活动任务的用户体验之上，例如，由移动设备102的处理器120执行的应用126使信息被显示屏112显示。覆层可以包括和移动设备102上运行的一个或多个不活动任务相对应的标记(例如，缩略图或图标)，使得用户可以响应于标记之一的选择而转换到所述一个或多个不活动任务之一。参照图10描述了示例任务转换器1000。
一般而言，在此描述的任何功能都可以使用软件、固件、硬件(例如固定逻辑电路)、人工处理或这些实现的组合来实现。此处使用的术语“模块”和“功能”通常表示软件、固件、硬件或其组合。例如，在软件实现的情况下，模块表示当在处理器上执行时执行特定任务的可执行指令，所述处理器诸如图1的移动设备102的处理器120。程序代码可以被保存在一个或多个有形计算机可读介质中，其一个例子是图1的移动设备102的存储器122。如下描述的用户界面生成技术的各特征是平台独立的，这就意味着该技术可在具有各种处理器的各种商用计算平台上实现。
示例过程
以下讨论描述了可利用上述系统和设备实现的用户界面配置和生成技术。这些过程中的每一过程的各方面可用硬件、固件、软件、或其组合来实现。该过程被示为指定由一个或多个设备执行的操作的一组框，并且其不必限于由各框所示的执行操作的次序。在以下各部分讨论中将参考图1的环境100和/或其它示例实施例。
图2示出一示例实现中的过程200，在该示例实现中，可由被配置成提供无边框用户体验的用户界面来生成菜单系统。在各实现中，可以在基于菜单的用户输入可用时，可以发起菜单系统(框202)。基于菜单的用户输入是由利用菜单系统的移动设备102的用户作出的输入。在各实施例中，当移动设备的用户界面被配置成经由菜单系统从用户接收输入时，基于菜单的输入是可用的。例如，菜单系统可由用户界面发起以接受信息输入，以便输入移动设备的设置、选择用户界面选项、接收对所生成的提示的输入等等。
菜单系统也可以当移动设备的应用请求基于菜单的输入时被发起，以便选择应用的选项、响应于应用所生成的提示来输入信息、设置应用的一个或多个设置等等。在各实现中，当发起菜单系统时(框202)，首先显示顶层菜单(框204)。可以提供多个顶层菜单。每个顶层菜单可以包括可由移动设备的用户选择的一个或多个菜单项。
也可以显示一个或多个子菜单(框206)。例如，可以通过顶层菜单来访问子菜单。子菜单也可以嵌套在顶层菜单之下，使得它们可以通过其它子菜单被访问。经由选择顶层菜单或子菜单的一个或多个菜单项，可以通过菜单系统来接收基于菜单的输入(框208)。当基于菜单的输入不再可用时，可以消除菜单系统(框210)，使得在基于菜单的输入再次可用之前(框202)，菜单系统的菜单(例如顶层菜单和/或任何所显示的子菜单)被隐藏(框212)。
图3示出一示例实现中的过程300，在该示例实现中，可由被配置成提供无边框用户体验的用户界面来生成系统托盘。在各实现中，系统托盘可以在接收到发起系统托盘的请求时被发起(框302)。在各实施例中，可以由各种源作出发起系统托盘的请求。例如，可以发起系统托盘以便通过用户界面来显示诸如通信相关信息或设备状态信息的通知这样的通知。也可以发起系统托盘来提供用于启动用户界面、应用126等的各种任务(例如任务转换器)的启动点(框306)。
在各实施例中，也可以发起系统托盘来提供用于启动控制板的界面，以显示用于移动设备的操作的设置、操作状态通知(例如低电池寿命、低信号强度等)等等(框308)。当系统托盘不再使用时，可以消除系统托盘(框310)，使得系统托盘在被再次发起(框302)之前被隐藏(框312)。
图4示出一示例实现中的过程400，在该示例实现中，可由被配置成提供无边框用户体验的用户界面来生成无边框任务转换器。如图所示，可以接收用于启动任务转换器的请求(框402)。在各实现中，可以通过与实现用户界面的移动设备的用户交互来接收用于启动任务转换器的请求。例如，用于启动任务转换器的请求可以包括对上面参照图2所述的系统托盘的启动点作出的用户输入。然而，任务转换器可以以其它方式被启动，诸如通过声音命令、按钮或按键的选择等等。
任务转换器可随后被启动(框404)。在各实施例中，任务转换器可包括被显示在活动任务(例如，由图1所示的移动设备102的处理器120所执行的应用126)的用户体验之上的一覆层。覆层可以包括指示可被访问的其它当前运行的任务(例如应用、通知等)的一个或多个标记(例如，缩略图、图标等)。在各实施例中，任务转换器可以保持打开，直到被移动设备的用户消除。例如，可以确定是否要消除任务转换器(判决框406)。如果确定要消除任务转换器(判决框406起的“是”)，则消除任务转换器(408)，使得不再显示覆层。否则，确定任务转换器不会被消除(判决框406起的“否”)。
然后确定是否已经选择了任务(判决框410)。当任务由用户选择时(判决框410起的“是”)，则可以启动该任务(框412)并且消除任务转换器(框408)。在各实施例中，当未选择任务时(判决框410起的“否”)，任务转换器可以允许用户扫视指示其它当前正在运行的任务的标记(框414)，直到任务被选择和被启动(框412)，或者不作出选择而由用户消除任务转换器(408)。在一些实施例中，当预定的时间持续期内未接收到任何输入时，任务转换器也可以超时并被消除(框408)。
示例用户界面
该章节呈现了可以使用这里所讨论的过程和技术来生成以提供无边框用户体验的用户界面的元素。用户界面的各方面可用硬件、固件、软件或其组合来实现。在以下各部分讨论中将分别参考图1的环境100和图2、3、4的过程200、300、400，以及/或者其它示例环境和过程。
图5示出可由诸如图1的移动设备102这样的移动设备采用以提供无边框用户体验的用户界面500。在各种操作模式期间，用户界面500被配置成通过显示来自移动设备102的应用的内容、而不使用诸如菜单条、滚动条、窗口、文本框等传统的边框元素，来提供无边框用户体验502。经由菜单系统600(图6A和6B)和系统托盘800(图8A、8B和8C)提供了与移动设备102所支持的应用的交互。任务转换器1000(图10)便于在移动设备上运行的应用之间转换。
用户界面500可包括向用户体验502提供上下文的文本和/或图形。例如，在所示实施例中，用户界面包括标题504和副标题506，它们被配置成标识所访问的特定应用以及/或者向应用所显示的用户体验502的内容提供上下文。因此，照片共享应用可以包括标题“照片(Photos)”和副标题“暑假-2008(SummerVacation-2008)”以便向照片共享应用所显示的照片提供上下文，而蜂窝电话应用可以包括标题“电话(Phone)”和副标题“通话记录(Call Log)”以便向蜂窝电话通话记录应用所显示的信息提供上下文。构想了其他示例。
图6A和6B示出可由图5所示的用户界面500所采用的示例菜单系统600。菜单系统600利用可以被层叠于移动设备102的用户体验502之上的菜单项602。在各实施例中，菜单项602可以被排列到顶层菜单604(一例在图6A中示出)和子菜单606(一例在图6B中示出)中。
图6A示出菜单系统600的示例顶层菜单604。图示的顶层菜单604可以包括取决于向用户呈现的初始选项数量的一个或两个菜单项602。在提供了两个菜单项602的情况下，菜单项602可以被配置为主菜单项602(1)和次菜单项602(2)。在所示实施例中，主菜单项和次菜单项602(1)和602(2)被示出为彼此重叠并且显示主菜单项602(1)，使它看上去在次菜单项602(2)之前。此外，主菜单项602(1)可以进一步扩展到除次菜单项602(2)以外的用户体验502中(例如，和其上显示用户界面500(图5)的显示屏112的顶边相对的较低处)。主菜单项602(1)和602(2)两者的顶部都可以被夹住，使得菜单项602看上去扩展到显示屏112的边缘以外。
可以采用子菜单606来显示未在顶层菜单604中显示的菜单项602。图6B示出可以经由菜单系统600的顶层菜单604访问的示例子菜单606。不同于顶层菜单604，子菜单606可以被配置成显示多于两个菜单项602(然而构想了子菜单606可以被配置成显示不多于一个或多个菜单项602)。在各实现中，子菜单606可以经由对项层菜单604内的菜单项602的选择来访问，该菜单项被配置成充当到子菜单606的接入点。当选择了被配置成访问子菜单606的菜单项602时，包含所选菜单项602的顶层菜单604被隐藏，并且显示子菜单606。子菜单606的菜单项602可以以中心点(“卫星”)608周围的伪径向方式排列，中心点被锚定在顶层菜单604的所选菜单项602的初始位置。
在各实现中，多个子菜单606可以被嵌套在顶层菜单604下方的各层中。因此，通过从顶层菜单606导航(例如“下钻”)经过其它中间子菜单606(1)，可以访问一些子菜单606(2)内的菜单项。例如，如图6B所示，对顶层菜单604的次菜单项602(2)的选择可以使第一子菜单606(1)被显示。第一子菜单606(1)可以包括被配置成在被选择时提供对第二子菜单606(2)的访问的子菜单项602(3)。
子菜单606(1)和606(2)的每一个的菜单项602分布在锚定在菜单项(例如，次菜单项602(2)和子菜单项602(3))初始位置处的卫星608(1)和608(2)周围，该初始位置被选择以显示子菜单606(1)和606(2)。在遍历嵌套的子菜单606(1)和606(2)，可以选择子菜单606(1)和606(2)内的卫星608(1)和608(2)以便分别返回至较高级子菜单608(1)或顶层菜单604。例如，在图6B所示的实施例中，可以选择第二子菜单606(2)的卫星608(2)，以隐藏第二子菜单606(2)并显示第一子菜单606(1)。类似地，可以选择第一子菜单606(1)的卫星608(1)以便使第一子菜单606(1)被隐藏并且顶层菜单604被显示。
也可以支持从诸如第二子菜单606(2)这样的子菜单直接导航至顶层菜单604，而同时旁路诸如子菜单606(1)这样的中间层子菜单。例如，对子菜单606外的点的选择可以使子菜单606被隐藏并且使顶层菜单604被显示。在其他实施例中，卫星608可以被选择，并被保持一持续时间，以便直接返回至顶层菜单604。类似地，菜单系统600内的子菜单606可以包括诸如“返回按钮”之类的标记，该标记被配置成在被选择时提供从子菜单606到顶层菜单604的直接导航。
在各实现中，图6A和6B的菜单系统600被动画化。例如，如图6A所示，当选择顶层菜单604时，顶层菜单604的菜单项602可以看上去从显示屏112的顶边“滑下”到用户体验502之上(如向下箭头610(1)指示)。类似地，当顶层菜单604被隐藏时，顶层菜单604的菜单项602可以看上去“滑上”至显示屏112的顶边并且脱离显示屏112(如向上箭头610(2)指示)。子菜单606的显示也可以被动画化。例如，子菜单606在被发起时可以看上去以伪径向方式从卫星608“飞出”。类似地，选择卫星608可以使所显示的子菜单606被“收缩”至卫星608内，而同时转移到较高层菜单606或顶层菜单604。
在图6A和6B中，为说明目的可以将所示的菜单项602示出为通用块。然而，构想了示例菜单系统600可以采用具有各种形状、颜色、文本样式等的菜单项602。例如，在一个实施例中，菜单系统600所采用的菜单项602可以共享一基本通用的形状，诸如椭圆、圆、方框、语音气泡等等。在其他实施例中，菜单系统600所采用的菜单项602可以具有各种不同的形状，使用户能容易地标识每个菜单项602的功能和/或内容。菜单项602可以根据要被显示的文本和/或图形来自动调节大小。
菜单项602还可以具有各种可视状态。在一个实施例中，菜单项602可以具有正常状态、选中(“轻击”)状态和禁用状态。在该实施例中，菜单项602的正常状态是菜单项602在菜单系统600中被显示时的可视状态。菜单项602的轻击状态是在用户选中(“轻击”)菜单项602时发生的菜单项602的可视状态。例如，菜单项602可以在被选中时进入轻击状态一段规定的时间，使用户认识到菜单项602被选中。在选择之后，菜单项602然后可以返回至正常状态或被置于禁用状态。菜单项602的禁用状态用来指示菜单项602不是特定上下文中的有效选择。例如，禁用状态下的菜单项602可以被隐藏，使得它不可供选择。
在各实施例中，菜单系统600可以包括不同的菜单项类型。例如，菜单系统600可以包括动作菜单项、切换菜单项、子菜单选择菜单项等等。动作菜单项用于指示用户可采取的特定动作。在各实施例中，动作菜单项可由动词(例如“Display(显示)”或“Dismiss(消除)”)标识，以指示响应于菜单项602的选择而执行的动作。在一些情况下，包含动作菜单项的子菜单606可以在选择菜单项602时被消除，使动作得以执行。
切换菜单项在两个或更多选项间切换，例如，以选择应用内的设置。图7描述了可由图6A和6B所示的菜单系统600所采用的各种切换菜单项700的功能。切换菜单项700可以包括双切换菜单项702、三切换菜单项704和多切换菜单项706。双切换菜单项702在两个选项状态间切换。例如，可以使用双切换菜单项702以便开启或关闭特征(例如无线发射机)。三切换菜单项704在三个选项状态间切换。以此方式，每次选择切换菜单项时，设置的值就改变。例如，可以使用三切换菜单项704在小、中、大尺寸之间调节元素的尺寸(例如，文本大小)。在各实施例中，双切换和三切换菜单项702和704所调节的设置以及设置的当前状态可由菜单项702和704内的标记(例如，文本、图形等)所标识。
多切换菜单项706在四个或更多选项状态间切换。在各实施例中，多切换菜单项706所调节的设置以及设置的当前状态可由菜单项706内的标记(例如，文本、图形等)所标识。多切换菜单项706的选择使子菜单708被显示。子菜单708包括和设置的有效选项相对应的四个或更多菜单项710。因此，可以通过选择子菜单708的菜单项710之一来设置一选项。在选择了选项之后，子菜单708可以被消除，多切换菜单项706可被再次显示。
图8A、8B和8C示出可由图5所示的用户界面500所采用的示例系统托盘800。系统托盘800显示设备状态信息并且保持各通知，所述通知诸如来自最近使用的应用的通知、最近错过的通信的通知、等等。
在示例实现中，系统托盘800可以没有边框元素，并且可以保持对用户隐藏，直到发生被应用和/或用户界面500视为应受用户注意的事件。例如，系统托盘800可以在以下期间被隐藏：全屏通知期间、在活动电话呼叫期间、在控制板900(图9)活动期间、在任务转换器1000(图10)活动期间，在拍照期间、在观看全屏视频期间、在浏览全屏照片期间、在玩游戏期间、等等。然而，在被显示时，系统托盘800可以包括层叠于其他用户体验内容的顶部之上的永久用户体验。如图所示，系统托盘800使用显示屏的左下角和右下角，以便显示信息并且将启动点主存到控制板900(图9)和任务转换器1000(图10)内。
在各实现中，系统托盘800可由任务转换器启动点802和控制板启动点804组成。任务转换器启动点802可以位于显示屏112的左下角。在各实施例中，任务转换器启动点802允许经由单个轻击姿势来选择任务转换器。而且，当多个任务可用时，任务转换器启动点802可以被配置成显示一图标，该图标表示用户所访问的最近的任务(如任务转换器所标识)。当用户使用任务转换器改变到新任务时，可以更新该图标来反映任务转换器内作出的变化。
如图8B所示，任务转换器启动点802也可以主存进入的通信相关通知806，诸如电话呼叫、电子邮件、即时消息(例如SMS/MMS/IM)等，这些通信相关通知被消除(不读取)，或者对于这些通信相关通知，通知已超时的最大化状态使通知被最小化或被隐藏。此外，在电话呼叫期间，任务转换器启动点802可以提供呼叫内(in-call)通知，诸如呼叫等待通知、错过呼叫通知、语音邮件通知、电子邮件通知等等。类似地，如果电话呼叫用户体验被最小化以便访问另一应用，例如当电话呼叫被保持不挂断时，任务转换器启动点802可以显示永久图标。在各实施例中，该图标可以包括呼叫已经活动的时间。
如图所示，控制板启动点804可以位于显示屏112的右下角。控制板启动点804允许经由用户的输入(诸如单个轻击姿势)来启动控制板(诸如下面讨论的图9的控制板900)。控制板启动点804也可以被配置成主存被用户界面确定为对用户重要的设备状态通知808。在各实现中，控制板启动点804可以包括在不存在任何设备状态通知808时显示的时钟810。然而，当设备状态通知808可用时，可以代替时钟810或在时钟810以外显示通知808。控制板启动点804还可以显示表明电话呼叫期间的信号强度812的指示。
在示例实施例中，通信相关通知806和设备状态通知808可具有至少两个状态：最小化和最大化。在各实施例中，在存在触发设备状态通知808的状态条件时，设备状态通知808或者以最大化状态或者以最小化状态显示。例如，当首先显示设备状态通知808时，以最大化状态提供通知808，使得通知808可由用户观看。在一段时间持续期(例如3秒)之后，设备状态通知808可转移至最小化状态。图6B和6C示出最大化状态(图6B)和最小化状态(图6C)的设备状态通知808。
在各实现中，用户可以在设备状态通知808处在最大化状态时选择设备状态通知808，以启动控制板(例如图9的控制板900)。在从控制板返回之后，设备状态通知808此后可以在最小化状态显示。在最小化状态下，设备状态通知不可被用户观看。相反，可以在控制板启动点804内显示标记(例如，图8C所示的环形标记814)以指示存在最小化的设备状态通知808。用户可以选择标记816来在最大化状态下启动设备状态通知808。可以使用类似的标记(例如图8C中的环形标记816)来以最小化状态显示通信相关通知806。
图9描述了可以从图8A、8B和8C所示的系统托盘800的控制板启动点804启动的示例控制板900。控制板900提供了以下功能：切换移动设备102的常用设置、获得关于设备状态的信息、进入设备的设置区域或菜单、等等。在各实现中，控制板900可以包括覆层902，覆层902在控制板900被启动时由移动设备102的显示屏112代替设备的用户体验而显示。
如图9所示，覆层902可以被分成可以提供描述移动设备操作的各种信息的各区域。在所示实施例中，覆层902可以包括操作者信息/漫游状态区域904、当前日期/时间区域906、设置快速切换区域908、设备状态区域910以及高级设置启动点区域912。操作者信息/漫游状态区域904标识了移动设备102的操作者(例如所有者或用户)，并且可以提供描述设备102的漫游状态的信息。当前日期/时间区域906显示当前的日期和时间。设置快速切换区域908包含描述可被切换(例如，开/关)的设置(例如“铃声”、“蓝牙”、“Wi-Fi”和“闹钟”)的一系列选项卡914，并且显示关于设置的状态信息(例如，分别是“静音”、“开”、“关”、“上午7:45”)。
设备状态区域910提供关于移动设备106的状态的信息，诸如电池寿命、无线信号强度等。在各实施例中，设备状态区域910可以经由一个或多个图形元素来显示状态通知。例如，在所示实施例中，为给出“贴纸”印痕而生成的图标916被用来显示移动设备102的状态信息。图标916可被格式化以提供关于状态通知的信息。高级设置启动点区域912提供详细设置页面的访问，允许调节控制板900未提供的设置。
图10描述了可以从图8A、8B和8C所示的系统托盘800的任务转换器启动点802启动的示例任务转换器1000。任务转换器1000允许用当前在运行但不活动的另一任务来改变或转换在移动设备102上运行的活动任务(例如，提供包括显示屏112所显示的内容在内的用户体验的任务)。任务转换器1000也可以充当用于显示已消除消息(例如，即时消息、电子消息、语音邮件通知等)的入口点。
在各实施例中，任务转换器1000可以被配置成在层叠于当前用户体验502(例如活动任务的用户体验502)之上的半透明覆层1004中显示标记，所述标记诸如和当前在移动设备102上运行的不活动(例如，最小化或隐藏)任务相对应的缩略图1002。用户可以以各种方式与任务转换器1000交互。例如，用户可以通过选择对应于一任务的缩略图1002来选择该任务。用户可以扫视经覆层1004提供的缩略图1002。在有比所显示的更多的缩略图1002可用的实例中，缩略图被滚动至覆层1004之上或滚动出覆层1004之外。例如，如图10所示，覆层1004可以被配置成在一给定时刻显示有限数量的缩略图1002(1)。
未被显示但可供用户选择的附加缩略图1002(2)可以看上去部分地隐藏在覆层1004的边缘之下。然后，用户可以扫视所显示的缩略图1002(1)，以便使附加缩略图1002(2)中的一个或多个被滚动至显示屏上，而同时原始显示的缩略图1002(1)中的一个或多个被滚动出显示屏之外并被隐藏。如果未选择新任务，用户可以退出任务转换器1000并且通过选择返回按钮1006来返回至在启动转换器1000时运行的任务。任务转换器1000也可以超时，并且在一段时间不活动之后被自动消除和隐藏。例如，任务转换器可以在用户未提供输入(例如扫视缩略图1002或选择缩略图1002)逝去5秒之后被隐藏。
结论
虽然已经用结构特征和/或方法动作专用的语言描述了本发明，但是应当理解，在所附权利要求中定义的本发明不必限于所述的具体特征或动作。相反，这些具体特征和动作是作为实现所要求保护的本发明的示例形式而公开的。

Claims (13)

1.一种方法，包括：
执行一应用，所述应用被配置成为移动电话(102)的显示提供用户体验(502)；以及
实现一用户界面，所述用户界面使一应用编程接口(API)被生成，以向所述应用展示功能以便配置所述应用，用于用户体验的无边框显示。
2.如权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述用户界面包括菜单系统，所述菜单系统被配置成响应于基于菜单的用户输入对于应用可用而被显示在用户体验之上。
3.如权利要求2所述的方法，其特征在于，所述菜单系统包括被配置成为接受基于菜单的用户输入而被选择的至少一个菜单项。
4.如权利要求3所述的方法，其特征在于，所述菜单系统包括顶层菜单，所述至少一个菜单项包括主菜单项和次菜单项。
5.如权利要求4所述的方法，还包括将所述顶层菜单动画化。
6.如权利要求3所述的方法，其特征在于，所述菜单系统还包括要响应于对菜单项的选择而被显示的子菜单，所述子菜单包括包括一卫星和排列在所述卫星周围的多个子菜单项，所述卫星被配置成在显示屏上显示菜单项的点处显示。
7.如权利要求6所述的方法，其特征在于，所述子菜单被配置成被隐藏，并且响应于卫星的选择而重新显示菜单项。
8.如权利要求2所述的方法，其特征在于，所述用户界面还包括被配置成响应于一通知而显示于用户体验之上的系统托盘，所述通知包括影响移动设备的操作性的通信相关信息或设备状态信息中的至少一个。
9.如权利要求8所述的方法，其特征在于，所述用户界面还包括任务转换器，所述任务转换器被配置成在层叠于用户体验之上的覆层中显示和移动设备上运行的一个或多个不活动任务相对应的标记，所述任务转换器被配置成响应于标记的选择而转换到所述一个或多个不活动任务之一。
10.一种移动设备(102)，包括：
显示屏；以及
被配置成由显示屏显示的用户界面，所述用户界面包括任务转换器，所述任务转换器用于在层叠于活动任务的用户体验之上的覆层中显示和移动设备上运行的一个或多个不活动任务相对应的标记，所述任务转换器被配置成响应于标记的选择而转换到所述一个或多个不活动任务之一。
11.如权利要求17所述的移动设备，其特征在于，所述用户界面还包括系统托盘，所述系统托盘包括响应于输入而启动任务转换器的启动点。
12.如权利要求18所述的移动设备，其特征在于，所述用户界面还包括被配置成在到移动设备的基于菜单的用户输入可用时显示的菜单系统。
13.如权利要求19所述的移动设备，其特征在于，所述显示屏包括左下角和右上角，所述启动点位于所述左下角附近，所述菜单被显示在所述右上角附近。
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