CN102176833B - 即用型稳定乳液 - Google Patents
即用型稳定乳液 Download PDFInfo
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- CN102176833B CN102176833B CN200980139546.2A CN200980139546A CN102176833B CN 102176833 B CN102176833 B CN 102176833B CN 200980139546 A CN200980139546 A CN 200980139546A CN 102176833 B CN102176833 B CN 102176833B
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Abstract
本发明涉及脂溶性维生素或类胡萝卜素的即用型稳定乳液、其制备方法及其作为动物饲料、食品及营养增补剂以及化妆品和药剂的添加剂的用途。
Description
本发明涉及一种脂溶性维生素或类胡萝卜素的即用型稳定乳液、其制备方法及其作为动物饲料、人类食品和膳食增补剂以及化妆品和药物组合物的添加剂的用途。
脂溶性维生素A、D、E或K及其衍生物以及类胡萝卜素例如斑蝥黄、虾青素、玉米黄质、叶黄素、番茄红素或β-胡萝卜素通常不作为纯物质直接用于动物饲料和人类食品工业、化妆品工业以及药品工业中。与此相反,使用这些脂溶性物质的配制剂,从而使所述脂溶性物质能以细分散的形式均匀分散于含水介质中。这些脂溶性物质的固体和液体配制剂均依赖其应用领域而在商业上使用。
维生素A、D或K通常应用于活的生物体中,然而由于其生理作用,维生素E也经常作为抗氧化剂用于体外的各种应用场合。同样具有抗氧化剂作用的类胡萝卜素作为着色剂用于许多应用场合中,并且在这种情况下可同时实现其生理功能。例如β-胡萝卜素是着色剂及前维生素A。
在饮料工业中,添加剂通常以液体浓缩物的形式添加至饮料中。在水溶性粉状配制剂的情况下,在生产工艺中通常首先由这些粉末制备水分散体。在液体配制剂(例如乳液)的情况下,该工艺步骤不是必需的。
EP 0 239 086描述了溶于油中的类胡萝卜素的乳液,其中油滴通过使用长链脂肪酸与抗坏血酸的酯以及冷水可溶性淀粉产品(例如辛烯基琥珀酸淀粉)的混合物而稳定。这些乳液中的类胡萝卜素浓度为0.1~2%。
EP 0 551 638制备了脂溶性维生素或类胡萝卜素的稳定液态乳液,其中连续相为甘油或甘油-水混合物,并使用抗坏血酸与长链脂肪酸的酯作为乳化剂和稳定剂。在β-胡萝卜素的情况下,产物具有亮黄色调的特征。
由于在饮料瓶中观察到成环(ringbildung)这一现象(这表明所用乳液不稳定),因此现有技术中公开的包含乳化剂棕榈酸抗坏血酸酯的脂溶性活性物质的乳液在用于富含矿物质的运动饮料中或使用高钙离子或镁离子含量的饮用水时,至今仍不能令人满意。
本发明基于提供一种即用型稳定乳液的目的,所述乳液在微生物侵袭方面显示出良好的储存稳定性,并且是热不敏感的,且尤其在用于含钙或镁的饮料中时或在使用高钙离子或镁离子含量的饮用水时显示出提高的稳定性。
该目的通过一种即用型稳定乳液实现,其包含:
a)包含脂溶性维生素或类胡萝卜素的分散油相,及
b)包含生理耐受性多元醇以及作为水溶性保护胶体的化学改性淀粉的水相,
其中脂溶性维生素或类胡萝卜素的含量为至少2重量%,且除所述化学改性淀粉外具有乳化作用的其他物质的含量为低于2重量%,其中重量%数据在每种情况下基于所述乳液的总重量。
本发明即用型稳定乳液中脂溶性维生素或类胡萝卜素的含量为至少2重量%,优选3~30重量%,特别优选3~12重量%,尤其是3~6重量%,其中重量%数据基于所述乳液的总重量。
本发明即用型稳定乳液中除化学改性淀粉外具有乳化作用的其他物质的含量为低于2重量%,优选低于1重量%。如果所述具有乳化作用的其他物质是棕榈酸抗坏血酸酯,则棕榈酸抗坏血酸酯的含量优选低于0.5重量%,特别优选低于0.25重量%,尤其是低于0.1重量%,其中重量%数据基于所述乳液的总重量。
脂溶性维生素例如可为维生素A、D、E或K或其衍生物。本发明即用型稳定乳液优选包含类胡萝卜素,例如斑蝥黄、虾青素、玉米黄质、叶黄素、番茄红素或β-胡萝卜素。优选的类胡萝卜素是番茄红素或β-胡萝卜素,尤其是β-胡萝卜素。
本发明即用型稳定乳液优选包含分散油相,所述油相包含溶解于生理耐受性油中的类胡萝卜素,优选番茄红素或β-胡萝卜素,尤其是β-胡萝卜素。
适当的生理耐受性油原则上是合成的、来源于矿物、植物或动物的油。其实例为芝麻油、玉米油、棉子油、豆油、花生油、中链植物脂肪酸的酯、油硬脂、液体石蜡、甘油硬脂酸酯、肉豆蔻酸异丙酯、己二酸二异丙酯、2-乙基己酸鲸蜡基硬脂醇酯、氢化聚异丁烯、辛酸/癸酸甘油三酯、棕榈油、棕榈仁油、羊毛脂及PUFA(多不饱和脂肪酸)例如二十碳五烯酸(EPA)、二十二碳六烯酸(DHA)及α-亚麻酸。
优选在30℃下为液态的植物或动物源的生理耐受性油,例如向日葵油、棕榈油、棕榈仁油、芝麻油、玉米油、棉子油、豆油、花生油、中链甘油三酯的酯(所谓的MCT油)、鱼油例如鲭鱼油、黍鲻油或鲑鱼油。特别优选尽可能仅包含饱和脂肪酸的植物源生理耐受性油,例如棕榈仁油或椰子油,尤其是可由其获得的中链甘油三酯的酯。
本发明即用型稳定乳液包含水相,所述水相包含生理耐受性多元醇以及作为水溶性保护胶体的化学改性淀粉。生理耐受性多元醇的含量以乳液总重量计优选为10~60重量%,特别优选为30~55重量%。
生理耐受性多元醇优选为甘油、甘油与C1-C5单羧酸的单酯、甘油的单醚或山梨糖醇。特别优选甘油作为生理耐受性多元醇。
在本发明即用型稳定乳液中,所述化学改性淀粉的含量以乳液总重量计优选为5~40重量%,尤其为10~25重量%。
化学改性淀粉是指经化学和/或酶法制备的淀粉转化产物。就此而言,其可能为淀粉醚、淀粉酯或磷酸淀粉。该组的优选代表是淀粉酯,尤其是辛烯基琥珀酸淀粉,例如获自National Starch的(辛烯基琥珀酸淀粉钠)、获自Roquette的Cleargum CO 01或获自National Starch的Gum 2000(辛烯基琥珀酸淀粉钠),尤其是辛烯基琥珀酸淀粉钠例如Gum 2000。
本发明即用型稳定乳液中分散油相的含量以乳液总重量计,优选为10~40重量%,尤其是10~30重量%。
优选的本发明即用型稳定乳液具有其中超过90重量%,尤其是超过95重量%是由类胡萝卜素和生理耐受性油组成的分散油相。
为提高活性物质对氧化降解的稳定性,有利的是所述乳液包含稳定剂,例如α-生育酚、叔丁基羟基甲苯、叔丁基羟基茴香醚、抗坏血酸或乙氧基喹,尤其是α-生育酚。
特别优选的本发明即用型稳定乳液为如下乳液,其中分散油相包含3~6重量%的β-胡萝卜素和7~20重量%的中链甘油三酯,水相包含10~25重量%的辛烯基琥珀酸淀粉钠和30~55重量%的甘油,且乳液中棕榈酸抗坏血酸酯的含量为低于0.5重量%,优选低于0.25重量%,尤其是低于0.1重量%,其中重量%数据在每种情况下基于所述乳液的总重量。
本发明即用型稳定乳液中的分散油相以小油滴形式存在于连续的水相中。分散油相的油滴粒度通常可为100nm至100μm。分散油相的油滴平均粒度优选为250~500nm。
措辞“平均粒度”是指可通过Fraunhofer衍射测定的容重平均直径(参见MalvernMastersizer S,Malvern Instruments Ltd.,UK手册)。
除所述化学改性淀粉外,本发明即用型稳定乳液可包含其他保护胶体。以下物质适于该目的,例如:
牛、猪或鱼明胶,尤其是Bloom数为0~250的酸或碱降解明胶,非常特别优选明胶A100、A200、A240、B100和B200,以及Bloom数为0且分子量为15000~25000D的低分子量酶降解明胶类型,例如Collagel A和Gelitasol P(获自Stoess,Eberbach)以及这些明胶类型的混合物;
淀粉、糊精、果胶、阿拉伯树胶(涂胶)、木素磺酸盐、脱乙酰壳多糖、聚苯乙烯磺酸盐、藻酸盐、酪蛋白、酪蛋白酸盐、甲基纤维素、羧甲基纤维素、羟丙基纤维素或这些保护胶体的混合物。
植物蛋白例如大豆蛋白、米蛋白和/或小麦蛋白,这些植物蛋白可以以部分降解或未降解的形式存在。
本发明还进一步涉及一种制备即用型稳定乳液的方法,所述乳液包含:
a)包含脂溶性维生素或类胡萝卜素的分散油相,及
b)包含生理耐受性多元醇和作为水溶性保护胶体的化学改性淀粉的水相,
其中脂溶性维生素或类胡萝卜素的含量为至少2重量%,且除所述化学改性淀粉外具有乳化作用的其他物质的含量为低于2重量%,其中重量%数据在每种情况下基于所述乳液的总重量,
其中将包含脂溶性维生素或类胡萝卜素的油相以及包含生理耐受性多元醇和作为水溶性保护胶体的化学改性淀粉的水相一起乳化,随后将乳液在升高的压力下均化。
与分散油相和水相的组分及其用量有关的优选实施方案参见开始处的说明。
本发明即用型稳定乳液的特征尤其在于其本身具有良好的储存稳定性。此外,可将本发明乳液毫不困难地掺入含钙或镁的运动饮料或掺入包含具有高钙离子或镁离子含量的饮用水的饮料中,所制备的饮料在不希望的成环方面显示出良好的稳定性。
本发明即用型稳定乳液尤其适于作为人类食品制剂的添加剂,例如用于着色食品产品如饮料,作为用于制备药物和化妆品制剂的组合物以及用于制备膳食增补产品(例如人类和动物的多维生素产品)。所述即用型稳定乳液优选适于作为饮料添加剂。
因此,本发明还进一步涉及上述本发明即用型稳定乳液作为动物饲料、人类食品、膳食增补剂以及化妆品和药物组合物的添加剂,特别是作为饮料添加剂的用途。
本发明同样涉及包含本发明即用型稳定乳液的动物饲料、人类食品以及膳食增补剂,特别是饮料。
将通过下述实施例对本发明加以解释,但不限制本发明:
实施例
实施例1
将145g水和200g甘油在1升玻璃烧杯中混合并加热至60℃。将93g改性淀粉(获自National Starch的Purity Gum 2000)加入该混合物中。将混合物在60℃下溶胀60分钟。
将处于250ml三颈烧瓶中的65.5g β-胡萝卜素分散体(Lucarotin 33MCT,BASF,33重量%的β-胡萝卜素)在油浴中加热至180℃,直至β-胡萝卜素完全溶解。然后将油相引入水相中,同时用齿环状分散混合器(Zahnkranzdispergiermaschine)(Ultra Turrax)在10000rpm下搅拌。在15分钟的乳化时间后,使用高压均化器在700巴下将乳液细乳化。获得具有4重量%β-胡萝卜素的可水分散性乳液。当将其分散于水中时,β-胡萝卜素油滴的平均粒度为275nm。
Claims (20)
1.一种即用型稳定乳液,其包含:
a)包含脂溶性维生素的分散油相,及
b)包含生理耐受性多元醇以及作为水溶性保护胶体的化学改性淀粉的水相,
其中脂溶性维生素的含量为至少2重量%,且除所述化学改性淀粉外具有乳化作用的其他物质的含量为低于2重量%,且棕榈酸抗坏血酸酯的含量为低于0.1重量%,其中重量%数据在每种情况下基于所述乳液的总重量。
2.根据权利要求1的即用型稳定乳液,其中所述脂溶性维生素的含量以乳液总重量计为3~30重量%。
3.根据权利要求1的即用型稳定乳液,其中所述脂溶性维生素为类胡萝卜素。
4.根据权利要求1的即用型稳定乳液,其中所述脂溶性维生素为类胡萝卜素,所述分散油相包含溶于生理耐受性油中的类胡萝卜素。
5.根据权利要求2的即用型稳定乳液,其中所述脂溶性维生素为类胡萝卜素,所述分散油相包含溶于生理耐受性油中的类胡萝卜素。
6.根据权利要求3的即用型稳定乳液,其中所述分散油相包含溶于生理耐受性油中的类胡萝卜素。
7.根据权利要求1~6中任一项的即用型稳定乳液,其中所述生理耐受性多元醇的含量以乳液总重量计为10~60重量%。
8.根据权利要求1~6中任一项的即用型稳定乳液,其中所述生理耐受性多元醇是甘油。
9.根据权利要求1~6中任一项的即用型稳定乳液,其中所述化学改性淀粉的含量以乳液总重量计为5~40重量%。
10.根据权利要求1~6中任一项的即用型稳定乳液,其中所述分散油相的含量以乳液总重量计为10~40重量%。
11.根据权利要求1~6中任一项的即用型稳定乳液,其中所述脂溶性维生素为类胡萝卜素,所述分散油相超过90重量%由类胡萝卜素和生理耐受性油组成。
12.根据权利要求1的即用型稳定乳液,其中所述脂溶性维生素为β-胡萝卜素,所述化学改性淀粉为辛烯基琥珀酸淀粉钠,所述生理耐受性多元醇为甘油,所述分散油相包含3~6重量%的β-胡萝卜素和7~20重量%的中链甘油三酯,所述水相包含10~25重量%的辛烯基琥珀酸淀粉钠和30~55重量%的甘油,其中重量%数据在每种情况下基于所述乳液的总重量。
13.根据权利要求1~6中任一项的即用型稳定乳液,其中所述分散油相的油滴具有250~500nm的平均粒度。
14.一种制备权利要求1~13中任一项的即用型稳定乳液的方法,其中将包含脂溶性维生素的油相与包含生理耐受性多元醇和作为水溶性保护胶体的化学改性淀粉的水相一起乳化,随后在升高的压力下将乳液均化。
15.权利要求1~13中任一项的即用型稳定乳液作为动物饲料、人类食品以及化妆品和药物组合物的添加剂的用途。
16.根据权利要求15的用途,其中所述即用型稳定乳液用作膳食增补剂。
17.权利要求1~13中任一项的即用型稳定乳液作为饮料添加剂的用途。
18.一种动物饲料或人类食品,其包含权利要求1~13中任一项的即用型稳定乳液。
19.根据权利要求18的动物饲料或人类食品,其为膳食增补剂。
20.一种饮料,其包含权利要求1~13中任一项的即用型稳定乳液。
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EP2343986A1 (de) | 2011-07-20 |
JP2012505155A (ja) | 2012-03-01 |
EP2343986B2 (de) | 2021-04-21 |
US20110207831A1 (en) | 2011-08-25 |
US20160287491A1 (en) | 2016-10-06 |
US10004670B2 (en) | 2018-06-26 |
WO2010040683A1 (de) | 2010-04-15 |
CA2739361A1 (en) | 2010-04-15 |
DK2343986T4 (da) | 2021-07-26 |
DK2343986T3 (en) | 2016-04-11 |
ES2563640T5 (es) | 2021-11-22 |
CA2739361C (en) | 2018-03-20 |
JP5932334B2 (ja) | 2016-06-08 |
ES2563640T3 (es) | 2016-03-15 |
CN102176833A (zh) | 2011-09-07 |
US9375387B2 (en) | 2016-06-28 |
EP2343986B1 (de) | 2016-01-06 |
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