CN102017856B - Method for reconstructing and recovering wetland vegetation by transplanting reed roots - Google Patents
Method for reconstructing and recovering wetland vegetation by transplanting reed roots Download PDFInfo
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- CN102017856B CN102017856B CN2010102908145A CN201010290814A CN102017856B CN 102017856 B CN102017856 B CN 102017856B CN 2010102908145 A CN2010102908145 A CN 2010102908145A CN 201010290814 A CN201010290814 A CN 201010290814A CN 102017856 B CN102017856 B CN 102017856B
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/22—Improving land use; Improving water use or availability; Controlling erosion
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Abstract
The invention belongs to a wetland vegetation modification method, and particularly relates to a method for reconstructing and recovering reed vegetation by transplanting reed roots. Simple steps and methods of transplanting reed roots, digging and collecting reed roots, leveling transplantation soil, transmitting and storing roots in moisture, cutting shorter root lengths in root transplantation according to the self bionomical characteristics of reed, fully burying the root segments underground for trench plantation and hole plantation, keeping the moisture state of the soil from the plantation to the emergence of seedlings, growing the reed under natural conditions are used to save root seedlings, improve the root propagation coefficient, save energy consumption and improve the work efficiency so as to achieve the aims of high-efficiency, rapid and asexual reconstruction, reed vegetation recovery and acquire favorable economic, social and biological benefits.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the muskeg improvement method, be specifically related to transplant the method for rebuilding and recovering the reed vegetation with the reed rhizome.
Background technology
Reed (Phragmites australis) belongs to herbaceos perennial for the grass family reed, claims common reed again.Reed can adapt to various ecological, have that happiness moisteningly, water-fast is flooded, drought-resistant and salt tolerant alkali etc. ecosystem characterization.The pH of soil and water all can grow to the various habitats of alkalescence from neutral, little acid, is the dispersed species in the world.Reed of many uses not only can be used as good forage grass, and its root-like stock, stem stalk, leaf and inflorescence also can be used as medicine, ripe after content of cellulose high, also be the paper making raw material of high-quality.Reed wetlands such as alluvial flat have stronger absorption and adsorption capacity to the harmful substance in the industrial sewage, also can slow down water velocity and accelerate sediment settlement, both water quality are played self cleaning, again to the Gu Gou that drained off floodwaters, bank protection, slow down the wave stroke effect.Many shallow water reed wetlands are perching of the rare bird in the world and breed the place, and what have is put into international important wetland register.It is thus clear that reed not only has good economic worth, but also have good social benefit and ecological benefits.
In recent years; Along with the deterioration of Increase of population, weather, minimizing, grain and the shortage of energy sources of resource; Comprise that the pressure that the Global Ecological system of wetland born is increasing; Cause large tracts of land minimizing even the disappearance of original reed natural community, make its environmental protection effect that has also in continuous forfeiture.In natural habitat, reed is mainly with parallel to the ground, and it is main that the rhizome of underground cross growth carries out vegetative propagation, the sexual propagation ability very a little less than, be typical clonal line.Therefore, rebuilding and recovering in the reed vegetation as the wetland constructive species, what generally adopt is the method for utilizing its rhizome to transplant.Since the sixties in last century; Chinese scholars is in resource investigation and the development and use of reed, reed form, ecological and physiological fundamental biological knowledge, reed slurrying process technology; And more research work has been carried out in aspect such as the reed extermination of disease and insect pest; In recent years, the research of carrying out the improvement of city domestic sewage at application natural reed wetland increases gradually, has reported reed wetland resource effect and effect aspect waste water treatment morely.But just how to utilize the reed rhizome to transplant, efficient, rapid artificial asexual reconstruction and recover the research of reed vegetation domesticly so far yet there are no formal research report.
Be to rebuild and recover the reed wetland vegetation, people are attempting carrying out adopting meticulous leveling land in the recent period, and the strange land took and purchased the reed rhizome spring; Transplanting ground earlier with the artificial tiltedly perforating of crooked chisel; To be cut into the artificial part of the long rhizome section of 30～40cm then and be placed in the eyes, a part is basseted and is tiltedly planted, and carries out the motor-pumped well pumping irrigation after planting again and keeps the water layer method; As do not keep water layer, the rhizome that bassets partly have by spring breeze dry up maybe and dangerous.The not only used rhizome segment length of this method is excessive, waste rhizome seedling, and required man-hour is more, the deficiency that exists power consumption to take a lot of work etc.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome the deficiency of the oblique cultivating method expense of existing reed rhizome seedling, time-consuming power consumption etc., the present invention provides the method for a kind of efficient, Fast Reconstruction and recovery wetland reed vegetation.
The technical scheme that the present invention adopts is following:
Just be parallel to ground according to reed rhizome self; Cross growth is at underground biological property; A kind of length that reed is transplanted the rhizome section that significantly shortens is provided northeastward spring, and buries underground the transplanting with reed rhizome section is flat fully, plant the method for planting that the back keeps soil moisture regime to get final product.
1, rhizome takes and collection
Taking and the reed community that is collected in self-sow ground of rhizome.When taking the reed rhizome, adopt the mode that the narrow row interlacing takes or little patch takes, take a part, keep a part, note not wanting and destructively take.The degree of depth that rhizome distributes and the height of soil aeration situation, subterranean water level etc. are relevant, take the degree of depth to be advisable to take to horizontal rhizome, in time rhizome are collected, and sprinkling moisture avoids sunlight directly to shine.
2, transplant the whole ground on ground
Spring rhizome take with collect in transplant the whole ground on ground, also can put in order ground last 1 year autumn.At first, look the size and the land occupation condition of transplanting the ground area, building the pond with the soil ridging of itself with transplanting; To be divided into several ponds with Chi Geng with transplanting; But pond rectangle or square, build the pond after, through the measure of turning over, harrowing and leveling land; Make land readjustment, and remove and transplant ground, ground weeds.
3, the transportation of rhizome and preservation
Take the limit to take, collect rhizome, the mode of limit transportation rhizome.In transportation, need take corresponding measure that rhizome is packed parcel and sprays moisture.Be transported to and transplant behind the ground before transplant, take the moist keeping measures of rhizome.
4, transplant
Rhizome should in time be transplanted after being transported to and transplanting ground.The mode that adopts level planting furrow planting or cave to plant.Furrow planting is ditched ground, and the cave plants available manual work and digs pit, and the length at the bottom of the cave is decided according to the length of transplanting the rhizome section.Then rhizome is cut into the rhizome section of 10cm～20cm length, guaranteeing that each rhizome section is minimum has 2 joints or a bud, lie in the ditch or the cave in.After the rhizome section put well, earthing watered once permeable immediately.
5, plant the back management
Before emerge, need 10～20 days time after the transplanting, management can decide based on the water condition of locality, remains soil moisture regime to get final product, and ground surface soil is seen and should be kept the skin wet immediately when dried.After emerging, along with the arrival in rainy season in 6～August, water management can no longer take to carry out the artificial regulatory measure.
Advantage of the present invention: the one, according to shortage of present reed rhizome resource ten minutes and limited situation, through taking to shorten the method that reed is transplanted the rhizome segment length, to save the reproduction coefficient of rhizome seedling and raising rhizome; The 2nd, just be parallel to ground according to reed rhizome self; Cross growth is at underground biological property; Through taking that flat fully the burying of reed rhizome section undergroundly carried out furrow planting or the cave plants, and according to reed have not only moisture-proof with but also drought-enduring ecological characteristics, after planting before emerge through taking to keep soil moisture regime to get final product; Rely on natural conditions to accomplish the short-cut method that it grows, to save man-hour and power consumption thereafter.Thereby reach the purpose of efficient, Fast Reconstruction and recovery wetland reed vegetation, obtain good economy, society and ecological benefits.
Embodiment
Further specify concrete steps of the present invention and condition below:
1, rhizome takes and collection
Taking and the reed community that is collected in self-sow ground of rhizome.Taking the reed rhizome time is after April in spring, the early and middle ten days ground surface soil was thawed, should implement as early as possible to take, and the time that takes rhizome the latest is before May 30.When taking the reed rhizome, adopt the mode that the narrow row interlacing takes or little patch takes, take a part, keep a part, note not wanting and destructively take, but, can adopt the mode that takes in flakes for the reed ground that transfers other purposes to.The degree of depth that rhizome distributes and the height of soil aeration situation, subterranean water level etc. are relevant, take the degree of depth to be advisable to take to horizontal rhizome, and generally the degree of depth is at 20～30cm.After taking rhizome, should in time rhizome be collected, spray moisture, directly shine, rhizome moisture reduced or forfeiture, influence rhizome rudiment ability to avoid sunlight.
2, transplant the whole ground on ground
Spring rhizome take with collect in transplant the whole ground on ground, also can put in order ground last 1 year autumn.At this moment, northeast is on the occasion of the dry season short of rain, the suitable transplanting ground existence of no water layer such as reservoir bank, riverbank.At first, look the size and the land occupation condition of transplanting the ground area, building the pond with the soil ridging of itself with transplanting; To be divided into several ponds with Chi Geng with transplanting; But pond rectangle or square, the size in each pond is decided according to the smooth situation of transplanting ground, and area is generally with 1hm
2Be advisable.After building the pond, the measure through turning over, harrow and leveling land makes land readjustment, and removes and transplant ground, ground weeds.
3, the transportation of rhizome and preservation
Take the limit to take, collect rhizome, the mode of limit transportation rhizome.In transportation, need take corresponding measure that rhizome is packed parcel and sprays moisture.Be transported to and transplant behind the ground before transplant, same attention will be taked the moist keeping measures of rhizome.This be for fear of rhizome in transit with the preservation process in, avoid rhizome dehydration even withered, cause the reduction of rudiment ability and planting percent and bury mistake.
4, transplant
Rhizome should in time be transplanted after being transported to and transplanting ground.The mode that adopts level planting furrow planting or cave to plant.Furrow planting is ditched ground with animal power or machine power, and the cave plants available pick or the spade manual work is digged pit, ditch depth or the dark 7～8cm in cave, and the length at the bottom of the cave is decided according to the length of transplanting the rhizome section.Planting density is considered and can be transplanted area in the duration and become factor such as pool speed, transplants the seeding row spacing of rhizome and be advisable with 1m * 1m.Planting density strengthens, though can accelerate into pool speed, everyone transplanted area and can reduce every day.Then rhizome is cut into the rhizome section of 10cm～20cm length, guaranteeing that each rhizome section is minimum has 2 joints or a bud, lie in the ditch or the cave in.At present, the resource of reed rhizome is shortage and limited very, therefore, under the prerequisite that can ensure planting percent, should shorten the length of transplanting the rhizome section as far as possible, improves rhizome hop count amount and reproduction coefficient.After the rhizome section put well, earthing immediately, thickness of earth-fill cover is advisable with 5～6cm.Behind the earthing, water immediately once permeable, to guarantee the soil conservation moisture state.
5, plant the back management
Before emerge, need 10～20 days time after the transplanting, during this period of time because of keeping soil moisture regime all can reach 93.9%～96.3% with the reed rhizome planting percent under the inner aqueous layer depth conditions to 5cm; There is not notable difference; So water management can be decided according to the water condition of locality,, remain soil moisture regime and get final product for saving water resource and energy source and power consumption; But note not arid of soil, ground surface soil is seen when doing and should be kept the skin wet immediately.After emerging; On the one hand along with the arrival in rainy season in 6～August, natural precipitation just can guarantee that soil keeps moisture state to the state that water layer is arranged, on the other hand along with the growth of the underground root system of reed with the ground plant; Anti-adversity ability strengthens gradually, and water management can no longer take to carry out the artificial regulatory measure.The general reed of planting then can grow into more than the 150cm, after 1 year, according to reed have not only moisture-proof with but also drought-enduring ecosystem characterization, can rely on local natural conditions to carry out it fully and grow.
Claims (1)
1. transplant the method for rebuilding and recovering muskeg with the reed rhizome; It is characterized in that bioecology characteristic according to reed self; Spring northeastward significantly shortens the length that reed is transplanted the rhizome section, and buries underground the transplanting with reed rhizome section is flat fully; Plant the method for planting of back maintenance soil moisture regime, concrete steps and condition are following:
1, rhizome takes and collection
Taking and the reed community that is collected in self-sow ground of rhizome, taking the reed rhizome time is after April in spring, the early and middle ten days ground surface soil was thawed, and implements as early as possible to take; The time that takes rhizome the latest is before May 30, when taking the reed rhizome, adopts the mode that the narrow row interlacing takes or little patch takes; Take a part, keep a part, the degree of depth that rhizome distributes is relevant with the height of soil aeration situation, subterranean water level; Taking the degree of depth is as the criterion to take to horizontal rhizome; After taking rhizome, in time rhizome is collected, sprayed moisture;
2, transplant the whole ground on ground
Spring rhizome take with collect in transplant the whole ground on ground, or put in order ground, at this moment last 1 year autumn; Northeast is on the occasion of the dry season short of rain, and reservoir bank, riverbank suit to transplant the ground existence of no water layer, at first; Look the size and the land occupation condition of transplanting the ground area,, will be divided into several ponds with transplanting with transplanting with Chi Geng building the pond with the soil ridging of itself; The pond is square; The size in each pond decide according to the smooth situation of transplanting ground, build the pond after, level land and remove transplant the ground weeds;
3, the transportation of rhizome and preservation
Take the limit to take, collect rhizome, the mode of limit transportation rhizome in transportation, packs rhizome parcel and sprays moisture, is transported to transplant behind the ground before transplant, and takes the moist keeping measures of rhizome equally;
4, transplant
Rhizome should in time be transplanted after being transported to and transplanting ground, the mode that adopts level planting, furrow planting or cave to plant, and furrow planting is ditched ground; The cave plants manual work and digs pit, the dark 7～8cm in ditch depth or cave, and the length at the bottom of the cave is decided according to the length of transplanting the rhizome section; The seeding row spacing of transplanting rhizome is 1m * 1m, then rhizome is cut into the rhizome section of 10cm～20cm length, and guaranteeing that each rhizome section is minimum has 2 joints or a bud; Lie in the ditch or the cave in, after the rhizome section is put well, earthing immediately; Thickness of earth-fill cover is 5～6cm, behind the earthing, waters once permeable immediately;
5, plant the back management
Before emerge, need 10～20 days time after the transplanting, should keep soil moisture regime to reach 93.9%～96.3% with the reed rhizome planting percent under the inner aqueous layer depth conditions to 5cm during this period of time; Remain soil moisture regime, ground surface soil is seen when doing and should be kept the skin wet immediately, after emerging; No longer take to carry out the artificial regulatory measure; After 1 year, reed has not only moisture-proof but also drought-enduring ecosystem characterization, relies on local natural conditions to carry out it fully and grows.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2010102908145A CN102017856B (en) | 2010-09-26 | 2010-09-26 | Method for reconstructing and recovering wetland vegetation by transplanting reed roots |
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| CN2010102908145A CN102017856B (en) | 2010-09-26 | 2010-09-26 | Method for reconstructing and recovering wetland vegetation by transplanting reed roots |
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| CN102017856A CN102017856A (en) | 2011-04-20 |
| CN102017856B true CN102017856B (en) | 2012-12-12 |
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| CN104025831B (en) * | 2013-03-07 | 2015-09-16 | 山东省淡水渔业研究院 | Tidal flat is planted fast, expands the method for numerous reed |
| CN104106359B (en) * | 2014-07-04 | 2016-03-16 | 中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所 | A kind of method utilizing reed seed germination to recover muskeg |
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| CN107046843B (en) * | 2017-04-19 | 2019-09-20 | 中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所 | A method of degraded wetland reed vegetation is promoted and recovered using Reed rhizome transplanting |
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| CN109042112B (en) * | 2018-07-11 | 2020-08-14 | 中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所 | Rapid recovery method for reed population rootstocks of degenerated swamp wetland in tender plain |
| CN109618823B (en) * | 2018-09-28 | 2021-04-27 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Ecological restoration method for degraded grey-vein sedge wetland |
| CN109717013A (en) * | 2019-02-27 | 2019-05-07 | 黑龙江省科学院自然与生态研究所 | A kind of method of fast quick-recovery heavy-degraded Calamagrostis angustifolia vegetation sociales |
| CN110603922B (en) * | 2019-09-10 | 2022-03-11 | 中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所 | Method for recovering degraded wetland vegetation by utilizing reed stalks asexual propagation |
| CN110810103A (en) * | 2019-11-13 | 2020-02-21 | 西藏藏草生态科技有限公司 | Himalayan Mirabilis rhizome transplanting method |
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