CN103314837B

CN103314837B - Method for cultivating reed stem to sprout in timely, efficient and quick manner

Info

Publication number: CN103314837B
Application number: CN201210074270.8A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 穆春生; 张娜; 杨群
Original assignee: Northeast Normal University
Current assignee: Changchun Northeast Normal University Science and Technology Development Center
Priority date: 2012-03-20
Filing date: 2012-03-20
Publication date: 2014-10-01
Anticipated expiration: 2032-03-20
Also published as: CN103314837A

Abstract

The invention belongs to plant cultivation technology, and particularly relates to a method for cultivating reed stem to sprout in a timely, efficient and quick manner. The method comprises the following steps: reaping stems, establishing a sprouting pool, transporting and storing the stems, cutting the stems and sprouting. According to the method, stems of well-grown reeds which grow in natural communities are chosen during a period between the beginning of June to the middle of July to be cut from the earth surface, and are transported and stored in the manner of bagging and moisture spraying; the stems are cut into small sections with at least two knobs, and bundled into small bundles through hemp ropes; several bundles of small sections are covered with a piece of wet hessian cloth and bundled into a small packet, each small packet is arranged in the sprouting pool which is of suitable size, is heliophobic, and is built with local soil, and the roof of the sprouting pool is covered with wet hessian cloth or straw bag pieces; during the germination period, the sprouting pool is watered once a day, and the hessian cloth or the straw bag pieces is kept wet. According to the invention, the germination percentages of the stems and the knobs have reached 100% and 97.6% respectively, and putrefactive phenomenon of stems and knobs is avoided, so that efficient and quick germination of the reed stems are realized, and reed wetland vegetation is restored and recovered.

Description

A kind of reed stalk method efficient, that germinate fast that makes

Technical field

The invention belongs to plant cultivation technology, be specifically related to a kind of reed stalk breeding method that in good time germinates efficiently, fast.

Background technology

Reed ( phragmites australis) for grass family reed belongs to perennial rhizome type plant, a little less than sexual propagation ability, asexual multiplication ability is strong, is typical clonal line, is the Main Constructive Species of muskeg.Reed, as a kind of large-scale emergent aquactic plant, has very strong resistance and adaptability, can between Marsh Wetland, grassy marshland, alluvial flat, beach, lake and mound, desert, in the different habitats such as low-lying land, grow, and be the dispersed species in the world.Reed of many uses, not only can be used as good forage, the paper making raw material of high-quality, basketry product, be used as medicine, build a house etc., and wetland reed there is stronger absorption and sorption ability to the harmful substance in sewage, can slow down water velocity and accelerate sediment settlement, both water quality was played to self cleaning, again to the Gu Gou that drained off floodwaters, bank protection, slow down wave stroke effect.Many shallow water reed wetlands are perching of the rare bird in the world and breed place, and what have is put into International Important Wetlands register.Visible, reed is indispensable raw material in the industries such as farming and animal husbandry, industry, building, medicine, not only has good economic benefit, but also has good social benefit and ecological benefits.

Yet, due to the deterioration of long-term mankind's activity interference and natural conditions, reed natural community just reduces in large area, and the economy making it have, society and Ecology Action and function are also in continuous forfeiture, recover and rebuild wetland reed vegetation, having become current problem urgently to be resolved hurrily.Although lot of domestic and foreign scholar is more at aspect research reports such as Phragmites communis population clone adjustment feature, ecological effect, Morphological And Anatomical, Physiology and biochemistry, hereditary feature, classification and processing, relates to and adopt the research of artificial measures's vegetative propagation reed vegetation to report seldom.Reed can adopt seed, underground rhizome and three kinds of modes of terrestrial stem stalk to breed.Because reed seed production is low, seed is tiny, and directly sowing is settled down and the difficulty of emerging, and adopts seed seedling-raising propagation method time-consuming, effort again, therefore generally do not adopt seminal propagation.Utilize the asexual reproduction method of Reed rhizome not only to destroy reed Proterozoic vegetation, be also subject to the restriction of available resources simultaneously.So, utilize reed terrestrial stem stalk to carry out vegetative propagation, just become the optimal method of people.Utilizing reed stalk vegetative propagation, is the rudiment ability of utilizing its each joint place to have, the seedling of taking root of then germinateing, but this ability is significantly different along with the variation in reed fertility month.In recent years, utilizing reed stalk to carry out in vegetative method, there is the direct implantation methods that after cutting stalk cuttage the hot summer days and cutting stalk, reed stalk is bundled into wisp, also have reed stalk is first soaked to 15 angel's stem stalks germinations in water, and then the method for seedling raising and transplanting.But in this reed stalk water, soaking germinating method exists and carries out reed to cut the time that stalk germinates indefinite, required germinating time is longer, germination rate is lower, when soaking, easily there is rotten deficiency in stem stalk and bud, also exist in addition each stem stalk section when explanation is not germinateed and contain several joints, the joint of take is statistical standard, and joint germination rate is how many deficiency.

Summary of the invention

For overcome in existing reed stalk water, soak germinating method to cut stalk germinating time indefinite, and germination required time is longer, perishable and the lower deficiency of germination rate of stem stalk and bud, the invention provides a kind of reed stalk that makes and implements breeding method efficient and that germinate fast.

According to reed stalk joint rudiment ability with the variation in its fertility month remarkable different biological property, a kind of stalk that in good time cuts is provided in China the Northeast, build on the spot germination pond, make stem stalk efficient and fast germinating method in germination pond.Concrete steps of the present invention and condition are as follows:

1, the time that extracts of stem stalk

At the beginning of reed natural community grows into 6 months～select well-grown stem stalk to carry out extracting from earth's surface during mid-July.Extract stem stalk every day and should select the time without strong illumination.

2, the setting in germination pond and construction

Cut before stalk, select to keep away positive place and adopt on the spot local soil to build pond, the size in each germination pond is watered and is waited the principle of convenient management to determine according to the quantity of need germination reed stalk and in germinateing, and pond is wide 2 meters, and pond is grown 2～3 meters, is advisable in high 0.5 meter of the ridge, pond.

3, the transportation of stem stalk and preservation

In transportation after stem stalk extracts and preservation process, need to take stem stalk to pack the measure of parcel and sprinkling moisture, avoid stem stalk moisture loss or stem stalk withered, cause the reduction of rudiment ability or bury mistake.

4, the section of cutting of stem stalk and germination

The stem stalk extracting is transported to behind germination place, first removes the tender tip of a base portion 1-2 stipes and top, clip retains the stem stalk segment of 2～3 joints.After stem stalk shears, with the rope made of hemp, be bundled into a tuftlet, then several tuftlets wrap up and become wisp with hemo lashing with the wet piece of sack, again the stem stalk wisp of having tied is placed in germination pond by bundle, the superiors are again with the wet piece of sack or driven straw bag weaving caping, duration of germination water every day once keep the piece of sack or driven straw bag weaving moistening.Treat that blastogenesis in 7 days is long neat, the long 1～2cm of bud, after minority stem stalk is taken root, can be used for further cultivating seedling or directly transplants.

advantage of the present invention:

Compare with soaking germinating method in water, the present invention one is clearly, and reed stalk extracts and the time of germinateing; The 2nd, obviously save germinating time (a week) and significantly improve germination rate (3 times), and stem stalk and bud occur without putrefactive phenomenon, thereby reach object more efficient and that germinate fast.

Embodiment

Below further illustrate concrete steps of the present invention and condition:

1, the time that extracts of stem stalk

Reed natural community, after late April～May, turned green the first tenday period of a month, selects well-grown stem stalk to carry out extracting from earth's surface when grow at the beginning of 6 months～mid-July.The stem stalk in June, joint number approximately 5～7 joints, now stem stalk is soft, and rudiment ability is strong, and germination rate is high.July early and middle ten days, along with the growth of reed, stem stalk fiber degree increases the weight of, rudiment ability weakens, and therefore, now cuts stalk and germinates and will select stipes number to be less than 10 stem stalk to extract.Reed stalk after mid-July, stem stalk fiber degree further increases the weight of, and germination rate is very low, should not adopt stem stalk to carry out its vegetative propagation again.The time that extracts stem stalk every day should be chosen in 9:00 in the morning before or after afternoon 15:00, in case stem stalk is scattered and disappeared by strong illumination moisture fast.

2, the setting in germination pond and construction

Cut before stalk, select to keep away positive place and adopt on the spot local soil to build pond, the size in each germination pond is watered and is waited the principle of convenient management to determine according to the quantity of need germination reed stalk and in germinateing, and pond is wide 2 meters, and pond is grown 2～3 meters, is advisable in high 0.5 meter of the ridge, pond.Build behind pond, make Land leveling at the bottom of pond.

3, the transportation of stem stalk and preservation

Take limit to extract stem stalk, the mode of limit transportation.Extract from germination place away from time, in transportation, need to take measures stem stalk is packed to parcel and sprays moisture, avoid stem stalk in transit moisture loss or stem stalk withered, cause the reduction of rudiment ability or bury mistake.Stem stalk is transported to behind germination place, and the moist keeping measures of will taking measures equally avoids stem stalk moisture loss or stem stalk withered.

4, the section of cutting of stem stalk and germination

By the stem stalk extracting, remove 1～2 stipes of base portion and the tender tip in top, to cut after blade, clip retains the stem stalk segment of 2～3 joints.After stem stalk section of every clip, put into immediately water and soak, and avoid sun direct projection, the dehydration of control stem stalk affects rudiment ability.After stem stalk shears, with every 8～10 of the rope made of hemp, be bundled into a tuftlet, then every 5-6 tuftlet wraps up and becomes wisp with hemo lashing with the wet piece of sack, again the stem stalk wisp of having tied is placed in germination pond by bundle, after whole wisps have been placed, the superiors use 2～3 layers of wet gunnysack or driven straw bag weaving caping again, duration of germination water every day once keep the piece of sack or driven straw bag weaving moistening.After 3 days, stem stalk germination rate is 100%, and joint germination rate is 97.6%.Treat that blastogenesis in 7 days is long neat, bud length, in 2cm left and right, after minority stem stalk is taken root, can be used for further cultivating seedling or directly transplants.

Claims

1. make a reed stalk method efficient, that germinate fast, it is characterized in that in China's the Northeast's concrete steps and condition as follows:

1), the time that extracts of stem stalk:

Reed natural community, after late April～May, turned green the first tenday period of a month, selects well-grown stem stalk to carry out extracting from earth's surface when grow at the beginning of 6 months～mid-July, and the stem stalk joint number in June is 5-7 joint; July, early and middle ten days joint number was 7-10 joint, and the time that extracts stem stalk every day should be chosen in 9:00 in the morning before or after afternoon 15:00;

2), the setting in germination pond and construction:

Cut before stalk, select to keep away positive place and adopt on the spot local soil to build pond, the size in each germination pond is managed principle easily according to watering in the quantity of need germination reed stalk and germination and is determined, pond is wide 2 meters, the long 2-3 rice in pond, the ridge, pond is high 0.5 meter, Land leveling at the bottom of pond;

3), the transportation of stem stalk and preservation:

Take limit to extract stem stalk, the mode of limit transportation, extract from germination place away from time, in transportation, need to take measures stem stalk pack to parcel and sprays moisture, stem stalk is transported to behind germination place, certainly will take moist keeping measures equally;

4), the section of cutting of stem stalk and germination:

By the stem stalk extracting, remove 1～2 stipes of base portion and the tender tip in top, cut after blade, clip retains the stem stalk segment of 2～3 joints, after stem stalk section of every clip, putting into immediately water soaks, and avoid sun direct projection, after stem stalk shears, with every 8～10 of the rope made of hemp, be bundled into a tuftlet, then every 5-6 tuftlet wraps up and becomes wisp with hemo lashing with the wet piece of sack, again the stem stalk wisp of having tied is placed in germination pond by bundle, the superiors use 2～3 layers of wet gunnysack or driven straw bag weaving caping again, duration of germination waters once every day, keep the piece of sack or driven straw bag weaving moistening, after 3 days, stem stalk germination rate is 100%, joint germination rate is 97.6%, treat that blastogenesis in 7 days is long neat, bud length is in 2cm left and right, after minority stem stalk is taken root, can be used for further cultivating seedling or directly transplant.