CN101842085A - 口腔崩解剂型 - Google Patents
口腔崩解剂型 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN101842085A CN101842085A CN200880114572A CN200880114572A CN101842085A CN 101842085 A CN101842085 A CN 101842085A CN 200880114572 A CN200880114572 A CN 200880114572A CN 200880114572 A CN200880114572 A CN 200880114572A CN 101842085 A CN101842085 A CN 101842085A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- dosage form
- orally disintegrating
- recess
- hydrated salt
- pharmaceutically active
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
- A61K9/0012—Galenical forms characterised by the site of application
- A61K9/0053—Mouth and digestive tract, i.e. intraoral and peroral administration
- A61K9/0056—Mouth soluble or dispersible forms; Suckable, eatable, chewable coherent forms; Forms rapidly disintegrating in the mouth; Lozenges; Lollipops; Bite capsules; Baked products; Baits or other oral forms for animals
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
- A61K9/20—Pills, tablets, discs, rods
- A61K9/2004—Excipients; Inactive ingredients
- A61K9/2009—Inorganic compounds
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
- A61K9/20—Pills, tablets, discs, rods
- A61K9/2004—Excipients; Inactive ingredients
- A61K9/2013—Organic compounds, e.g. phospholipids, fats
- A61K9/2018—Sugars, or sugar alcohols, e.g. lactose, mannitol; Derivatives thereof, e.g. polysorbates
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P37/00—Drugs for immunological or allergic disorders
- A61P37/08—Antiallergic agents
Landscapes
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Pharmacology & Pharmacy (AREA)
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- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
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- Bioinformatics & Cheminformatics (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Pulmonology (AREA)
- Medicinal Preparation (AREA)
- Acyclic And Carbocyclic Compounds In Medicinal Compositions (AREA)
Abstract
本发明描述了一种口腔崩解剂型,包含约5重量%至约40重量%的至少一种水合盐和药物活性剂,其中所述至少一种水合盐的脱水温度为约20至约120℃。
Description
背景技术
旨在供口服的药物通常以诸如片剂、胶囊剂、丸剂、锭剂或颗粒剂的固体形式提供。片剂需整片吞咽、在口中咀嚼或溶解在口腔中。在口中咀嚼或溶解的软片剂通常在提供整片吞咽的药片不可行的情况下用于给药。对于可咀嚼的药片,咀嚼作用有助于在药片崩解时使药片粒子破碎,并且可提高消化系统吸收率。在期望使活性成分局部可用于口或咽喉中的情况下,软片剂对于局部作用和/或系统吸收也是有利的。软片剂还用于在儿科和老年人患者中改善服药状况。设计用于在吞咽之前在口腔中崩解的软片剂特别可用于提高儿科患者的依从性。
现已发现,可用包含至少一种药物活性剂和至少一种水合盐的混合物制备口腔崩解剂型。这种方法使得能在不需要压制或冷冻干燥工序的情况下生产剂型(例如片剂),这继而可有助于在生产期间使带包衣的或掩味的含药物活性剂的颗粒保持完整。
发明内容
在一个方面,本发明描述了一种口腔崩解剂型,其包含约5重量%至约40重量%的至少一种水合盐和药物活性剂,其中所述至少一种水合盐的脱水温度为约20至约120℃。
本发明还描述了制备口腔崩解剂型的方法,包括如下步骤:a)提供单元产品片材,其具有适于容纳所述口腔崩解剂型的所需形状和容积的凹部;b)将预定量的流动性材料导入该凹部中,该流动性材料包含至少约5重量%的至少一种水合盐和药物活性剂,其中所述至少一种水合盐的脱水温度为约20至约120℃;c)将该凹部中的所述材料加热至高于所述至少一种水合盐的所述脱水温度并持续足够长的时间以使得所述材料熔凝成凝聚体;以及d)使所述凹部中的所述材料冷却使得所述凝聚体固化成适于消费的口腔溶出剂型。
本发明还描述了一种剂型,其包括可食用的外部部分和口腔崩解部分,该可食用的外部部分容纳该口腔崩解部分,并且该口腔崩解部分包含至少约5重量%的至少一种水合盐和药物活性剂,其中所述至少一种水合盐的脱水温度为约20至约120℃;
本发明还描述了制备包括可食用的外部部分和口腔崩解部分的口腔崩解剂型的方法,包括如下步骤:a)制备具有凹部的可食用的外部部分,该凹部具有适于容纳所述剂型的口腔崩解部分的所需形状和容积;b)将预定量的流动性材料导入该凹部中,该流动性材料包含至少约5重量%的至少一种水合盐和药物活性剂,其中所述至少一种水合盐的脱水温度为约20至约120℃;c)将该凹部中的所述材料加热至高于所述至少一种水合盐的所述脱水温度并持续足够长的时间以使所述材料熔凝成凝聚体;以及d)使所述凹部中的所述材料冷却以使得所述凝聚体固化成适于消费的口腔溶出剂型。
通过本发明的具体实施方式和权利要求书,本发明的其他特征和优点将显而易见。
具体实施方式
据信根据本文的描述,本领域的技术人员可最大限度地利用本发明。下面的具体实施例可理解为仅为示例性的,并且无论如何都不会以任何方式限制本公开内容的其余部分。
除非另有定义,否则本文使用的所有科学技术术语的含义与本发明所属领域的普通技术人员通常所理解的含义相同。另外,将本文提及的所有出版物、专利申请、专利及其他参考文献以引用方式并入本文中。如本文所用,除非另外指明,否则所有的百分比均按重量计。
口腔崩解剂型
本发明的口腔崩解剂型包含至少一种水合盐和药物活性剂,并任选包含一种或多种碳水化合物、泡腾对偶物、食用香料和其他成分。
在一个实施例中,该口腔崩解剂型的硬度小于约15kp/cm2,例如小于10kp/cm2,例如小于5kp/cm2。在一个实施例中,将足够量的能量施加于该口腔崩解剂型持续足够量的时间以增加其硬度。在一个实施例中,以加热或电磁辐射(例如微波)的形式对口腔崩解剂型施加能量。取决于该崩解剂的组成,在一个实施例中,可大致在环境温度至100℃或更高温度的范围内加热持续足以实现熔凝和/或硬化效果的时间。
在一个实施例中,在给所述流动性材料施加能量以便在形成该崩解剂型(其为该方法的第二步)后,该口腔崩解剂型具有少于约2%(例如少于约1%,例如少于约0.5%)的脆性。关于口腔崩解剂型脆性的论述可见于USP 23(1995)1216,p.1981。
在一个实施例中,口腔崩解剂型被设计成当置于舌头上时会在少于约60秒(如少于约45秒,如少于约30秒,如少于约15秒)的时间内在口腔中崩解。
水合盐
该口腔崩解剂型或口腔崩解剂部分包含至少一种水合盐。水合盐的例子包括(但不限于)硫酸钠水合物、碳酸钠水合物、氯化钙水合物、磷酸氢二钠水合物以及它们的混合物。在一个实施例中,该水合物的分子量为约150至约400道尔顿,例如约200至约350道尔顿。在一个实施例中,该剂型/部分包含约5重量%至约40重量%的至少一种水合盐,例如约5重量%至约20重量%。
碳水化合物
在一个实施例中,该口腔崩解剂型包含至少40重量%的至少一种碳水化合物。碳水化合物的例子包括(但不限于):糖类,例如右旋糖、一水右旋糖、乳糖、葡萄糖、果糖、麦芽糖糊精、异麦芽酮糖醇、蔗糖、玉米糖浆固形物和甘露糖;碳水化合物醇类,例如糖醇(例如氢化淀粉水解物,例如山梨醇、乳糖醇、木糖醇、赤藓醇、甘露糖醇)和多元醇;以及它们的混合物。在某些实施例中,该剂型包含至少40重量%,例如至少60重量%的至少一种碳水化物。
在一个实施例中,所述至少一种水合盐与所述至少一种碳水化合物的重量比为约1∶4至约1∶30,例如约1∶9至约1∶20。
水不溶性填充剂
在一个实施例中,口腔崩解剂型/部分基本不含可直接压缩的水不溶性填充剂。水不溶性填充剂包括(但不限于)微晶纤维素、可直接压缩的微晶纤维素、纤维素、水不溶性纤维素、淀粉、玉米淀粉和改性淀粉。如本文所述,基本上不含是指少于2%,如少于1%或完全不含。
药物活性剂
本发明的剂型包含至少一种药物活性剂。“药物活性剂”是指经美国食品与药物管理局(U.S.Food and Drug Administration)、欧洲药品管理局(European Medicines Agency)或它们的任何后继实体许可或批准的用于口服治疗病症或疾病的制剂(如化合物)。合适的药物活性剂包括但不限于镇痛剂、抗炎剂、抗组胺药、抗生素(如抗菌剂、抗病毒剂和抗真菌剂)、抗抑郁药、抗糖尿病剂、解痉药、食欲抑制剂、支气管扩张剂、心血管治疗药(如他汀类药物)、中枢神经系统治疗药、镇咳剂、减充血剂、利尿剂、祛痰剂、胃肠治疗剂、麻醉剂、黏液溶解剂、肌肉松弛剂、骨质疏松治疗剂、兴奋剂、尼古丁以及镇静剂。
合适的胃肠治疗剂包括(但不限于):抗酸剂,例如含铝活性成分(如碳酸铝、氢氧化铝、碳酸二羟铝钠和磷酸铝)、含碳酸氢盐的活性成分、含铋的活性成分(如铝酸铋、碳酸铋、次碳酸铋、次没食子酸铋和次硝酸铋)、含钙的活性成分(如碳酸钙)、甘氨酸、含镁的活性成分(如水化铝酸镁、硅酸铝镁、碳酸镁、甘氨酸镁、氢氧化镁、氧化镁和三硅酸镁)、含磷酸盐的活性成分(如磷酸铝和磷酸钙)、含钾的活性成分(如碳酸氢钾)、含钠的活性成分(如碳酸氢钠)以及硅酸盐;轻泻剂,例如软便药(如多库酯)和刺激性泻剂(如双醋苯啶);H2受体拮抗剂,例如法莫替丁、雷尼替丁、西咪替丁和尼扎替丁;质子泵抑制剂例如奥美拉唑和兰索拉唑;胃肠细胞保护剂,例如硫糖铝和米索前列醇;胃肠促动药例如普卢卡必利;针对幽门螺旋杆菌(H.pylori)的抗生素,例如克拉霉素、阿莫西林、四环素和甲硝唑;止泻药,例如次水杨酸铋、高岭土、地芬诺酯和洛哌丁胺;甘罗溴铵;镇痛药,例如关沙拉嗪;止吐药例如昂丹司琼、苯甲嗪、苯海拉明、茶苯海明、氯苯甲嗪、异丙嗪和羟嗪;益生菌,包括但不限于乳酸杆菌(lactobacilli);乳糖酶;消旋卡多曲;以及抗胃肠气胀药例如聚二甲基硅氧烷类(如二甲硅油和西甲硅油,包括在美国专利No.4,906,478、5,275,822和6,103,260)中所公开的那些;它们的异构体;以及它们的可药用盐和前药(如酯类)。
合适的止痛剂、抗炎剂和解热剂的例子包括但不限于:非甾体抗炎药(NSAID),如丙酸衍生物(例如布洛芬、萘普生、酮洛芬、氟比洛芬、芬布芬、非诺洛芬、吲哚洛芬、酮洛芬、氟洛芬、比丙芬、卡洛芬、噁丙嗪、普拉洛芬和舒洛芬)和COX抑制剂,如塞来考昔;对乙酰氨基酚;乙酰水杨酸;乙酸衍生物,如吲哚美辛、双氯芬酸、舒林酸和托美丁;芬那酸衍生物,如甲芬那酸、甲氯芬那酸和氟芬那酸;联苯羧酸衍生物,如二氟尼柳和氟苯柳;和昔康类,如吡罗昔康、舒多昔康、伊索昔康和美洛昔康;它们的异构体;以及它们的可药用盐和前药。
抗组胺药和减充血剂的例子包括(但不限于)溴苯那敏、氯环嗪、右溴苯那敏、溴己新、苯茚胺、非尼拉敏、美吡拉敏、松齐拉敏、pripolidine、麻黄碱、去氧肾上腺素、伪麻黄碱、去甲麻黄碱、扑尔敏、右美沙芬、苯海拉明、多西拉敏、阿司咪唑、特非那丁、非索非那丁、萘甲唑林、羟甲唑啉、孟鲁斯特、丙己君、苯丙烯啶、克立马丁、阿伐斯汀、普鲁米近、奥索马嗪、美喹他嗪、安其敏、溴己新、酮替芬、特非那丁、依巴斯汀、苯咪唑嗪、赛洛唑啉、氯雷他定、脱羧氯雷他定以及西替利嗪;它们的异构体;以及它们的可药用盐和酯。
止咳剂和祛痰剂的例子包括但不限于:苯海拉明、右美沙芬、诺斯卡品、氯苯达诺、薄荷醇、苯佐那酯、乙基吗啡、可待因、乙酰半胱氨酸、羧甲半胱胺酸、氨溴索、莨菪类生物碱、索布瑞醇、愈疮木酚和愈创甘油醚;它们的异构体;以及它们的可药用盐和前药。
肌肉松弛剂的例子包括但不限于环苯扎林和氯唑沙宗、美他沙酮、奥芬那君、美索巴莫;它们的异构体;以及它们的可药用盐和前药。
兴奋剂的例子包括(但不限于)咖啡因。
镇静剂的例子包括(但不限于)安眠药,例如抗组胺药(如苯海拉明)、艾司佐匹克隆和唑吡旦,以及它们的可药用盐和前药。
食欲抑制剂的例子包括(但不限于)去甲麻黄碱、芬特明和二乙胺苯酮以及它们的可药用盐和前药。
麻醉剂(如用于治疗咽喉痛)的例子包括(但不限于)达克罗宁、苯佐卡因和果胶以及它们的可药用盐和前药。
合适的他汀类药物的例子包括(但不限于)atorvastin、罗苏伐他汀、氟伐他汀、洛伐他汀、辛伐他汀、阿托伐他汀、普伐他汀以及它们的可药用盐和前药。
在一个实施例中,该口腔崩解剂型内所包含的药物活性剂选自去氧肾上腺素、右美沙芬、伪麻黄碱、对乙酰氨基酚、布洛芬、酮洛芬、洛哌丁胺、法莫替丁、碳酸钙、西甲硅油和薄荷醇以及它们的可药用盐和前药。
在一个实施例中,药物活性剂选自去氧肾上腺素、右美沙芬、伪麻黄碱、扑尔敏、美索巴莫、氯苯达诺、抗坏血酸、薄荷醇、果胶、达克罗宁和苯佐卡因以及它们的可药用盐和前药。
如上所述,本发明的药物活性剂还可以可药用盐的形式存在,例如酸式/阴离子盐或碱式/阳离子盐。可药用酸式/阴离子盐包括(但不限于)乙酸盐、苯磺酸盐、苯甲酸盐、碳酸氢盐、酒石酸氢盐、溴化物、依地酸钙、右旋樟脑磺酸盐、碳酸盐、氯化物、柠檬酸盐、二盐酸盐、依地酸盐、乙二磺酸盐、丙酸酯十二烷基硫酸盐、乙磺酸酯、延胡索酸盐、葡庚糖酸盐、葡糖酸盐、谷氨酸盐、对羟乙酰氨基苯胂酸盐、己基间苯二酚盐、海巴明、氢溴酸盐、盐酸盐、羟萘酸盐、碘化物、羟乙基磺酸盐、乳酸盐、乳糖醛酸盐、苹果酸盐、马来酸盐、扁桃酸盐、甲磺酸盐、甲基溴化物、甲酯硝酸盐、甲酯硫酸盐、粘液酸盐、萘磺酸盐、硝酸盐、双羟萘酸盐、泛酸盐、磷酸盐/二磷酸盐、聚半乳糖醛酸盐、水杨酸盐、硬脂酸盐、碱式乙酸盐、琥珀酸盐、硫酸盐、鞣酸盐、酒石酸盐、茶氯酸盐、甲苯磺酸盐以及三乙基碘。可药用的碱式/阳离子盐包括(但不限于)铝、苄星青霉素G、钙、氯普鲁卡因、胆碱、二乙醇胺、乙二胺、锂、镁、葡甲胺、钾、普鲁卡因、钠和锌。
如上所述,本发明的药物活性剂还可以药物活性剂的前药形式存在。通常,此类前药将是药物活性剂的官能衍生物,该官能衍生物在体内易于转化成所需药物活性剂。选择和制备合适前药衍生物的常规步骤在(例如)以下文献中有所描述:“Design of Prodrugs(前药设计)”,H.Bundgaard(编辑),Elsevier,1985中有所描述。除了盐类外,本发明提供了所述化合物的酯、酰胺以及其他受保护的或衍生的形式。
如果根据本发明的药物活性剂具有至少一个手性中心,则它们可作为对映异构体存在。如果药物活性剂具有两个或更多个手性中心,则它们还可作为非对应异构体存在。应当理解,所有这类异构体及其混合物都涵盖在本发明的范围内。此外,某些晶体形态的药物活性剂可作为多晶型物存在,并且此类多晶形物同样旨在包括在本发明的范围内。另外,一些药物活性剂可与水形成溶剂化物(例如水合物)或与普通的有机溶剂形成溶剂化物,这些溶剂化物同样旨在包括在本发明的范围内。
在一个实施例中,药物活性剂以治疗有效量存在于剂型中,治疗有效量为口服后产生所需治疗响应的量并易于由本领域的技术人员确定。在确定该量时,必须考虑要施用的药物活性剂、药物活性剂的生物利用率特性、给药方案、患者的年龄和体重以及其他因素,如本领域所知的那样。
药物活性剂可以各种形式存在。例如,剂型内的药物活性剂可以是在分子水平上分散(如融化)的,也可以是粒子形式的,粒子继而可带包衣或不带包衣。如果药物活性剂为粒子形式,粒子(不管是否进行包衣)的平均粒径通常为约1至约2000微米。在一个实施例中,这类粒子为具有约1至约300微米平均粒度的晶体。在另一个实施例中,粒子为颗粒或小丸,其平均粒度为约50至约2000微米,例如约50至约1000微米,例如约100至约800微米。
如本领域所知,如果药物活性剂口感恶劣,则可以用掩味包衣包覆该药物活性剂。合适的掩味包衣的例子在美国专利No.4,851,226、美国专利No.5,075,114以及美国专利No.5,489,436中有所描述。也可采用可商购获得的经掩味处理的药物活性剂。例如,通过凝聚法用乙基纤维素或其他聚合物包封的对乙酰氨基酚颗粒可用于本发明。凝聚包封的对乙酰氨基酚可从Eurand America,Inc.(Vandalia,Ohio)或Circa Inc.(Dayton,Ohio)商购获得。
在添加掩味包衣之前,药物活性剂可以纯晶体形式存在,或者以颗粒形式存在。可以使用造粒技术来改善药物活性剂的流动特性或粒度,使其更适于压制或进行后续的包衣。适用于进行造粒的粘结剂包括但不限于淀粉、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮、聚甲基丙烯酸酯、羟丙基甲基纤维素和羟丙基纤维素。包含药物活性剂的颗粒可用本领域已知的任何造粒方法,通过将药物活性剂与合适的基质颗粒共同成粒而制备。此类造粒方法的例子包括但不限于高速剪切湿法造粒和流化床造粒例如旋转流化床造粒,有关这些方法的细节在“The Theory and Practice of Industrial Pharmacy(《工业药剂学的理论和实践》)”,第3版,第11章,Lachman,Leon等人,1986年中有所公开。
如上所述,本文所描述的口腔崩解剂型/部分的一个优点是掺入通常对生产过程中的压力敏感的含有药物活性剂的改性粒子(例如掩味的粒子、带包衣的粒子或带包衣的小珠)的能力。常规的片剂压制可使粒子受力,这可破坏包衣的功能(如改变掩味性质或调释性质)。在一个实施例中,本发明的口腔崩解剂型掺入了凝胶包衣的液体填充小珠,其可含有香料、活性成分或它们的混合物。在一个实施例中,凝胶填充的小珠用某些材料包衣,这些材料包括但不限于:水解胶体(例如阿拉伯胶、海藻酸盐、琼脂、瓜耳胶、刺槐豆胶、角叉菜胶、羧甲基纤维素、塔拉胶、阿拉伯树胶、黄蓍胶、果胶、黄原胶、结冷胶、明胶、麦芽糖糊精、半乳甘露聚糖、石耳素、昆布多糖、小核菌葡聚糖、菊粉、威兰胶(whelan)、鼠李胶(rhamsan)、菌胶团(zooglan)、甲兰胶(methylan)、几丁质、环糊精、脱乙酰壳多糖、聚乙烯基吡咯烷酮、纤维素、蔗糖、淀粉等等;以及它们的衍生物和混合物)和增塑剂(例如丙二醇、甘油或它们的混合物)。在一个实施例中,由于本文所公开的剂型不经历压制步骤,该凝胶包衣的液体填充小珠不太可能破裂。
在一个实施例中,该口腔崩解剂型/部分掺有调释包衣粒子(如含有至少一种药物活性剂的粒子,该粒子给这种活性剂提供调释特性)。如本文所用的,“调释”应适用于该活性剂在溶出介质(例如胃肠液)中释放或溶出改变。调释的类型包括但不限于延释或迟释。通常,配制调释剂型来使得活性剂在摄取后在延长的时间内可以利用,这因而使得与常规剂型中相同活性成分的给药相比,给药频率减少。调释剂型还使得能使用其中一种活性成分的持续时间可与另一活性成分的持续时间不同的活性剂的组合。在一个实施例中,该剂型含有一种以即释方式释放的药物活性剂和以调释方式释放的额外活性剂或与第一种相同的活性剂的第二部分。
在一个实施例中,药物活性剂用水不溶性成膜聚合物(例如但不限于乙酸纤维素或乙基纤维素)和水溶性聚合物(例如但不限于聚维酮、聚甲基丙烯酸共聚物(例如Rohm America以商品名Eudragit E-100销售的那些)以及羟丙基纤维素)的组合来进行包衣。在该实施例中,水不溶性成膜聚合物与水溶性聚合物的比率为水不溶性聚合物占约50%至约95%,而水溶性聚合物占约5%至约50%,并且以掩味的包衣颗粒的重量计算,包衣的重量百分比为约5重量%至约40重量%。
在一个实施例中,可以将一种或多种活性成分或药物活性成分的一部分结合至离子交换树脂,以对药物活性成分进行掩味或以调释方式递送活性成分。
在一个实施例中,药物活性剂能够在接触诸如水、胃酸、肠液等流体时溶出。在一个实施例中,口腔崩解剂型内的药物活性剂的溶出特性符合包含该药物活性剂的即释片剂的USP规范。例如,对于对乙酰氨基酚片剂,USP 24规定,在pH值为5.8的磷酸盐缓冲液中,以50rpm使用USP装置2(桨式),在给药后30分钟内至少80%的剂型中所含的对乙酰氨基酚从该剂型中释放,对于布洛芬片剂,USP 24规定,在pH值为7.2的磷酸盐缓冲液中,以50rpm使用USP装置2(桨式),在给药后60分钟内至少80%的剂型中所含的布洛芬从该剂型中释放。参见USP 24,2000版,第19-20页和第856页(1999)。在另一个实施例中,药物活性剂的溶解特性受到调节:如控释、缓释、延释、阻释、长效、迟释等。
泡腾对偶物
在一个实施例中,口腔崩解剂型还包括一种或多种泡腾对偶物。在一个实施例中,泡腾对偶物包含选自碳酸氢钠、碳酸氢钾、碳酸钙、碳酸镁、碳酸钠的一种成分和选自柠檬酸、苹果酸、富马酸、酒石酸、磷酸、藻酸的一种成分。
在一个实施例中,该口腔崩解剂型中泡腾对偶物的合计量为该口腔崩解剂型总重量的约0.1重量%至约20重量%,例如约2重量%至约10重量%。
其他成分
该口腔崩解剂型可包含其他常规成分,包括其他填充剂、干性粘合剂如聚乙烯基吡咯烷酮等;甜味剂,例如阿斯巴甜、乙酰舒泛钾、三氯蔗糖和糖精;润滑剂,例如硬脂酸镁、硬脂酸、滑石粉和蜡;防腐剂;风味剂;崩解剂;抗氧化剂;酸化剂,例如但不限于柠檬酸、苹果酸、酒石酸、抗坏血酸和富马酸;表面活性剂;超级崩解剂;调味剂和芳香剂;抗氧化剂;防腐剂;结构增强剂(texture enheancer);以及着色剂。
适用于该剂型的甜味剂包括(但不限于)合成的或天然的糖类、三氯蔗糖、糖精、糖精钠、阿斯巴甜、乙酰舒泛K(或乙酰泛舒钾、安塞蜜)、非洲甜果素、甘草素、二氢查尔酮、阿力甜、奇异果素、应乐果甜蛋白、甜菊糖(stevside)以及它们的混合物。
超级崩解剂的例子包括但不限于交联羧甲基纤维素钠、羧甲基淀粉钠和交联聚维酮(交联聚乙烯吡咯烷酮)。在一个实施例中,该口腔崩解剂型/部分包含最多约5重量%的这类超级崩解剂。
合适的调味剂和芳香剂的例子包括(但不限于):精油,包括切细的花、叶、皮或捣成浆状的整个水果的蒸馏物、溶剂提取物或压榨物,其包含醇、酯、醛和内酯的混合物;香精,包括精油的稀溶液或共混成与水果(例如草莓、悬钩子和黑醋粟)的天然香味匹配的合成化学试剂的混合物;酿造物和酒类(例如科涅克白兰地酒、威士忌酒、浪姆酒、杜松子酒、雪利酒、波尔图葡萄酒和葡萄酒)的人造的和天然的调味剂;烟草、咖啡、茶、可可和薄荷;果汁,包括从洗干擦净的水果例如柠檬、橙和酸橙压榨的汁;薄荷;姜;肉桂;可可;香草;甘草;薄荷醇;桉树;八角;坚果(如花生、椰子、榛子、栗子、胡桃、可拉果);杏仁;葡萄干;以及粉末、面粉或植物材料部分(包括其量不会显著影响治疗性尼古丁水平的烟草属)。
抗氧化剂的例子包括(但不限于):维生素E、抗坏血酸、焦亚硫酸钠、丁基羟基甲苯、丁基化羟基苯甲醚、依地酸和依地酸盐。防腐剂的例子包括(但不限于):柠檬酸、酒石酸、乳酸、苹果酸、乙酸、苯甲酸和山梨酸。
结构增强剂的例子包括(但不限于):果胶、聚氧化乙烯和鹿角菜胶。在一个实施例中,结构增强剂以约0.1重量%至约10重量%的水平使用。
崩解测试
在一个实施例中,口腔崩解剂型/部分符合2007年4月出版的《食品和药品管理指南草案》定义的口腔崩解片剂的标准,将该草案以引用的方式并入本文中。在一个实施例中,本发明的口腔崩解剂型/部分符合包括下述标准的口腔崩解片剂的双重定义:1)该固体剂型为含有药用物质并且在置于舌头上时在几秒内快速崩解的剂型,和2)可视为固体口服制剂,其在根据美国药典(USP)用于一种或多种特定药用物质的崩解测试方法测试时,在口腔中在约30秒或更短的体外崩解时间内快速崩解。
为了测定该剂型的体外崩解,应该使用根据USP30-NF25(将水用作浸渍流体)的用于“不带包衣的片剂”的崩解试验。简而言之,在吊篮的六根管的每一根中放入一个剂量单位,并用水(保持在37±2℃下)作为浸液。通过取完全崩解各剂型/部分所需的时间的六次测量值的最大值来确定崩解时间。在一个实施例中,口腔崩解剂型/部分的体外崩解时间少于约30秒,例如少于15秒。
在其中口腔崩解的内部部分与可食用的外部部分组合的实施例中,外部可食用的外部部分的体外崩解时间比该口腔崩解部分的崩解时间长至少十倍,例如至少50倍或至少100倍。
硬度测试
硬度是本领域用于描述径向断裂强度的术语,其可如在Leiberman等人,Pharmaceutical Dosage Forms-Tablets,第2卷,第2版,Marcel Dekker Inc.,1990,第213-217,327-329页中描述的通过Schleuniger硬度测试器来测量。为了进行硬度测试,将单个剂型/部分置于硬度测试器内的钢腔室中,钢柱塞推向该剂型直至其破裂,测量所施加的力作为硬度量度。通常,对来自任意一个样本的5份剂型/部分进行测试,以得到以千克力为单位的平均硬度值。在一个实施例中,该剂型的硬度小于约5kp/cm3,例如小于2kp/cm3,例如小于1.5kp/cm3。
另外的用于测定本发明的口腔崩解剂型/部分的硬度的测试依靠质构分析仪TA-XT2i,其配有直径为7厘米的平面探头,并且设定来以克为单位测量和记录压制力。探头以0.5厘米/秒移动到2厘米的穿入深度。记录最大压制力。在一个实施例中,对根据本发明制备的口腔崩解剂型/部分所记录的测量力在大约700克至约6000克,高达最多10,000克的范围内。
在一个实施例中,在加热步骤前将流动性材料(如粉末)轻轻捣实。因为在捣实后水合物的粒径减小,所以只需要较少的热量来熔化该团聚物来实现相同的硬度。
口腔崩解剂型的制备和包装
(a)单元产品片材
可将药物剂型(例如丸剂、胶囊剂、片剂等)包装在单元产品片材(例如泡罩包装)中。在一个实施例中,该泡罩包装由多层材料薄片构成,所述的材料薄片具有用于容纳该剂型的小袋。常规的泡罩包装包括具有箔层的包装,包装的使用者必须将片剂推压穿过所述箔层,使所述箔破裂。美国专利No.4,158,411论述了这种泡罩包装。具有开放顶部的用于容纳药片的泡罩形成于塑料或铝材料的柔韧片中。任选的具有圆盘状冲痕部分的纸板层覆盖泡罩的顶部,覆盖在每一个剂型上。箔层覆盖纸板层,将冲痕部分保持在位。为了打开包装,使用者必须压扁泡罩,并且将片剂推压穿过箔,同时去除冲痕部分。
另一种类型的泡罩包装在可分离的泡罩单元之间提供穿孔,以使使用者可在打开之前从包装分离各个剂型。美国专利No.4,398,634示出了这种类型的泡罩包装。泡罩部分由抗撕裂的基本上平的在密封区中彼此密封的塑料片限定。密封区围绕每一个泡罩单元的外周设置,形成未密封区域的袋,未密封区域的袋形成泡罩,位于泡罩单元的中心。密封区中的弱化区域允许使用者通过将泡罩单元从包装撕离来将泡罩分离为各个单元。当单元分离时,使用者撕穿塑料层,撕穿泡罩,以取用剂型。狭缝设置在单元的拐角中,以易于撕裂。
另一种类型的泡罩包装包括单独的单元,其分离时露出用于打开泡罩的凸块。美国专利No.5,046,618公开了这种类型的泡罩包装。该泡罩包装由其中形成有泡罩的材料薄片和基本上平的封盖薄片形成。该泡罩包装具有两排泡罩,每一个泡罩单元与相邻的单元由穿孔分开。撕带将排使用穿孔分开,穿孔在撕带和泡罩单元之间延伸。为了打开包装,使用者将单个单元从包装分离,撕带仍连接到该单元。必须去除该撕带来获取凸块,该凸块包括在泡罩单元的拐角上的未密封区域。在撕带去除之后,使用者抓住封盖薄片的拐角,剥去背衬薄片来露出剂型。适用于构造用于本文所述的用于本发明的泡罩腔体的材料包括(包括但不限于):聚氯乙烯(PVC)、聚偏二氯乙烯(PVDC)、铝和聚三氟氯乙烯(PCTFE)。
根据可适用于制造泡罩包装的机器,包括例如由Uhlmann PackagingSystems公司的型号为UPS4的平板密封装置的使用和例如由BoschPackaging Group公司(Minneapolis,MN,USA)以型号TLT 1400和TLT2800制备的滚筒式密封装置的使用,存在多种产品。
单元产品片材可由具有一个或多个凹部(例如约2至约12个,例如约2至约6个)的薄片构成,凹部容纳有以行或列布置的剂型。该单元产品片材可包括多个单元包装,每一个单元包装具有一个凹部和覆盖在凹部上方的薄片。一组撕裂线可包括在相邻的单元包装之间,以使包装的使用者可沿撕裂线撕裂来分离单元包装。
包装的凹部和布置在凹部中的剂型可具有基本上相同的形状。例如,剂型可以是圆盘状片剂、椭圆形胶囊、方形丸剂、半球形或截头圆锥形。凹部的形状包括位于泡罩薄片平面中的圆形、椭圆形、多边形、三角形或星形。
而且,凹部的壁和底部可以围绕垂直轴的旋转表面的形式限定形状,该垂直轴与围绕每一个凹部的边缘正交。例如,凹部可具有弯曲的杯状形状。在剂型为圆盘状的情况下,所述剂型可每一个具有与凹部的壁接触的边缘,每一个剂型布置在所述凹部中。边缘和壁限定与凹部的垂直轴同轴的环状接触区域。这样的圆盘状剂型的边缘包括与凹部的壁接触的斜面。环状接触区域防止剂型在泡罩内移动和与这样的移动相关的对剂型的损坏。该单元片材必须基本上可变形,以使得将该口腔崩解剂型推出或移出而不使该剂型破损。该单元产品片材的形状也必须是这样的,使得可将该口腔崩解剂型推出或移出而不使该剂型受损。在一个实施例中,泡罩底面的(钝角)角度到泡罩壁的角度大于90℃,例如大于110℃。
(b)在单元产品片材内制备
可以多种方法制备口腔崩解剂型。在一个实施例中,该口腔崩解剂型通过包括如下步骤的方法制备:(a)提供具有至少一个凹部的单元产品片材,所述凹部具有适于容纳所得的口腔崩解剂型的所需形状和容积;(b)将预定量的流动性材料导入该凹部,该流动性材料包含至少约5重量%的至少一种水合盐和药物活性剂,其中所述至少一种水合盐的脱水温度为约20至约120℃;(c)任选地,将该流动性材料密封在凹部内;(d)将凹部中的材料加热至高于所述至少一种水合盐的所述脱水温度并持续足够长的时间以引起所述材料熔凝成凝聚体;以及(e)使所述凹部中的所述材料冷却以使得所述凝聚体固化成适于消费的口腔溶出剂型。
在一个实施例中,在添加流动性材料之前,将润滑剂加至单元产品片材(如泡罩包装)。该润滑剂可以是液体或固体,或可掺入单元产品片材材料中。合适的润滑剂包括(但不限于)固体润滑剂,例如硬脂酸镁、淀粉、硬脂酸钙、硬脂酸铝、滑石粉、氢化植物油、硬脂酰富马酸钠、甘油基二十二烷酸酯和硬脂酸;或液体润滑剂,例如但不限于西甲硅油、卵磷脂、植物油、橄榄油或矿物油。在一些实施例中,润滑剂以小于5重量%,如小于2重量%,如小于0.5重量%的口腔崩解剂型的重量百分比添加。
流动性材料(优选以固体例如粉末或粒状团聚物的形式)被引入单元产品片材中的至少一个凹部中。在一个实施例中,流动性材料可定义为具有20到44度休止角的材料。休止角由Terzaghi在“The TheoreticalSoil Mechanics in Engineering Practice”(《工程实践中理论土力学》,1948年纽约Wiley出版)中定义为从某高度下落的土(或粉末)堆的水平面和斜面之间的角度。在本发明的一个实施例中,该角度定义为关于由圆锥状材料堆假定的水平面的恒定角度。该堆从高于水平面的点使用两个平直玻璃板构建,这两个平直玻璃板以至少1/2英寸分开,并且允许溢流。
易流动材料优选引入设置在产品固定托盘中的凹部内,该产品固定托盘可以是上面描述的泡罩式包装。将每个单元中的材料加热至高于所述至少一种水合盐的脱水温度的温度并持续足够的时间以引起所述材料熔凝成团聚物,并得到适于处理、从该单元产品片材(例如泡罩)移出以及消化的单位剂型。在一个实施例中,其他组分一直为固体并保持它们的物理特性,包括硬度(如,凹部内容物在加热步骤期间的温度应该高于脱水温度,但低于该剂型其他成分(包括药物活性剂)的熔点和分解温度)。加热时间取决于该口腔崩解剂型或部分的至少一种水合盐和维度,并且必须与温度结合时足以熔凝和稳定凝聚体形式。在某些情况下,活性成分可能对温度敏感,需要不同的使用较长加热时间的最小加热温度。
合适的热源包括辐射加热器、传导加热、对流加热、射频加热、超声加热、微波加热或激光。在一个实施例中,冷却的温度和时间是为了使碳水化合物或碳水化合物颗粒与水合盐桥接,产生固化剂型。在一个实施例中,碳水化合物(如碳水化合物颗粒)部分在水从水合盐释放时溶解并然后,一旦重结晶,即形成微观水平上的桥接晶体结构。在一个实施例中,冷却期间的温度为约25℃至约0℃,并且冷却时间为约10至约60秒。一般来讲,冷却过程中温度越高冷却时间越长。在一个实施例中,冷却在室温(25℃)下进行,持续大于5分钟。
(c)在可食用的外部部分内制备
该口腔崩解剂型还可掺在分离的可食用的外部部分,例如硬糖内。在一个实施例中,硬糖部分为通过冷却熬制糖形成的糖玻璃硬糖。在另一个实施例中,硬糖部分为通过压制制备的压制冰糖,其硬度为至少15千克力,例如至少20千克力。在一个实施例中,在添加口腔崩解剂型前预先制备可食用的外部部分。在一个这样的实施例中,外部硬糖或压制的糖环被制成可食用的外部部分,加入固定量的含有至少一种活性成分的流动性材料,并且将该剂型以上述温度和时间加热,来在该剂型内形成口腔崩解片剂部分,并且随后包装到泡罩、小袋或瓶中。在一个实施例中,该可食用的外部部分基本上是封闭的,以便保持住材料用于加热和熔凝步骤。在这些实施例中,基本上封闭可通过形成具有足以用于保持住所述材料的内部中空部分的环形、椭圆形或其他形状,例如但不限于三角形、星形、月形等来实现。将该形式置于表面上以便保持住所述材料。该表面可适用于保持任何平坦的形状,该表面包括但是不限于塑料、金属或复合物。这也可在预成形的单元产品片材内实现,并且可具有负浮雕以便在剂型加热和熔凝时转印徽标、图像或产品识别标记。或者,该剂型可使用激光或印刷形成艺术图像(形状、字母、颜色等)或识别标记(产品名称、剂量等)。
在一个实施例中,外部硬糖形式可使用冲压成型轧制(uniplastrolling)、拧成绳状(roping)并随后切割和压印以及沉积到模具中制成。在一个实施例中,硬糖部分含有一种或多种选自如下的糖:异麦芽酮糖醇、蔗糖、右旋糖、玉米糖浆、乳糖醇和氢化淀粉水解物。在一个实施例中,硬糖部分包含至少50重量%(例如至少75重量%,例如至少90重量%)的一种或多种此类糖。
在一个实施例中,将包括可食用的外部部分和内部的口腔崩解部分的剂型用速释糖包衣或膜包衣进行包衣。为了生产这样的剂型,剂型的熔化(加热)和随后的冷却将涉及包衣盘中其它的糖或膜包衣。
在一个实施例中,可食用的外部部分含有药物活性剂并且口腔崩解部分含有相同的药物活性剂。在一个实施例中,可食用的外部部分含有药物活性剂而口腔崩解部分含有不同的药物活性剂。在一个实施例中,可食用的外部部分以高于口腔崩解剂型部分的崩解速率至少10倍的速率崩解,例如高至少20倍。在一个实施例中,口腔崩解部分符合FDA对口腔崩解片剂的要求。在一个实施例中,口腔崩解部分含有上呼吸道药物活性剂,例如伪麻黄碱、右美沙芬、西替利嗪、苯海拉明和扑尔敏,并且可食用的外部部分含有薄荷醇。
口腔崩解剂型的用途
在一个实施例中,本发明描述了治疗疾病的方法,该方法包括口服上述剂型,其中该剂型包含一定量的对于治疗该疾病有效的药物活性剂。此类疾病的例子包括(但不限于)疼痛(例如头痛、偏头痛、咽喉痛、绞痛、背痛和肌痛)、发烧、炎症、上呼吸道疾病(例如咳嗽和充血)、感染(例如细菌和病毒感染)、抑郁症、糖尿病、肥胖症、心血管疾病(例如高胆固醇、高三甘油酯和高血压)、胃肠疾病(例如恶心、痢疾、过敏性肠综合征和气胀)、睡眠障碍、骨质疏松和尼古丁依赖。
在一个实施例中,该方法用于治疗上呼吸道障碍,其中所述药物活性剂选自去氧肾上腺素、西替利嗪、氯雷他定、非索非那定、苯海拉明、右美沙芬、扑尔敏、氯苯达诺和伪麻黄碱。
实例
本发明的具体实施例通过以下的实例来展示。本发明并不受限于这些实例中所示出的具体限定。
实例1:口腔崩解速释氯雷他定片剂共混物
(a)泡罩包装的冷形成
使用Bosch TLT 1400(旋转式热成形密封)泡罩流水线设备,铝泡罩形成材料幅材可从卷筒退绕,然后将转位到成形工位,在这里使用压缩空气或真空在幅材中以5/8英寸的平圆腔体形成腔体,以生产热成形幅材,凹部包含作为标识符的产品商品名。
将所得的热成形幅材转位至加料工位,在这里将下面实例2中描述的片剂共混物制剂沉积到所形成的腔体内。
(b)片剂共混物制剂
包含表1成分的口腔崩解即释氯雷他定片剂共混物制剂如下制备:
表1
颗粒共混物 | 克/批 | 毫克/片 |
一水右旋糖 | 87.71 | 1052.5 |
一水磷酸氢二钠* | 9.74 | 116.9 |
三氯蔗糖USP | 0.60 | 7.2 |
调味剂 | 1.12 | 13.4 |
氯雷他定 | 0.83 | 10.0 |
总计 | 100.0 | 1200.0 |
*化学式:Na2HPO4·7H2O
将一水右旋糖、三氯蔗糖和调味剂通过30目筛网过筛,并且置于500cc的塑料瓶中,上下摇动混合5分钟。加入氯雷他定和磷酸氢二钠水合物并上下摇动共混另外3分钟。然后将共混物填充进在实例1中预先形成的泡罩腔体中。
(c)泡罩的包装
用于在添加流动性材料之前预成形泡罩腔体的泡罩形成销或冲头包括小的注射端口,在形成腔体时其将大概约0.1-5mg的大豆卵磷脂注射至泡罩表面上,以便于共混制剂的弹出。然后将由实例1成形的泡罩材料转位到密封工位,在此施加封盖箔。封盖材料可从卷退绕,用热和机械压力密封在一起,形成容纳在腔体内的产品。将密封的泡罩置于对流烘箱中,设定为55℃持续15分钟。
将密封的幅材朝向穿孔工位转位。穿孔工位使用锋利的刀片来设置透过幅材的穿孔,形成具有孔结构的泡罩卡。最后,幅材移动到冲压工位,在该冲压工位中将各个泡罩从幅材切割为各个泡罩卡,每个泡罩卡包含6个口腔崩解剂型。
然后将泡罩腔体在0℃下冷却5分钟并且密封。然后将片剂从泡罩腔体一个剂量单位取出以服用。
实例2:具有熔凝的口腔崩解片剂内部部分的可食用的外部环的制备
(a)可食用的外环状部分的制备
下面表2中示出的所有材料都手动通过30目筛网。将1.5kg的形成的共混物置于4夸脱的V形混合器中,并且混合5分钟。
表2
成分 | 重量百分比(w/w) | 重量(mg) |
山梨醇 | 5 | 50 |
可压制蔗糖* | 92.75 | 927.5 |
薄荷醇 | 1 | 10 |
薄荷油风味剂 | 0.5 | 5 |
硬脂酸镁 | 0.75 | 7.5 |
总计 | 100 | 1000 |
*可从Domino Specialty Ingredients(Baltimore,MD)商购获得
然后将400g形成的共混物从混合器取出,并且在60rpm下的旋转压片机上使用3/4″具有环形部分的片剂模具压制,以生产具有1/2″中空中心并且重量为1000mg、硬度范围不小于15kp/cm2和厚度约0.20英寸的平面环。
(b)内部的口腔崩解部分的制备
包含表3成分的口腔崩解即释氯雷他定片剂共混物制剂如下制备:
表3
颗粒共混物 | 克/批 | 毫克/片 |
一水右旋糖 | 86.67 | 433.3 |
颗粒共混物 | 克/批 | 毫克/片 |
一水磷酸氢二钠* | 9.62 | 48.1 |
三氯蔗糖USP | 0.6 | 3 |
调味剂 | 1.12 | 5.6 |
氯雷他定 | 2 | 10 |
总计 | 100 | 500 |
*Na2HPO4·7H2O
将一水右旋糖、三氯蔗糖和调味剂通过30目筛网过筛,并且置于500cc的塑料瓶中,上下摇动混合5分钟。加入氯雷他定和磷酸氢二钠水合物并上下摇动共混另外3分钟。
(c)具有熔凝的口腔崩解片剂内部部分的可食用的外部环部分的制备
将来自部分(a)的可食用的外部环部分置于形成的泡罩腔体中。然后将500mg来自部分(b)的共混物填充进该环的空穴中,并密封该泡罩。将密封的泡罩置于对流烘箱中,设定为55℃持续15分钟。然后将泡罩腔体在0℃下冷却5分钟。然后将剂型泡罩腔体作为一个剂量单位取出以服用。
应当了解,虽然已结合本发明的具体实施方式描述了本发明,但是前述描述旨在说明而非限制由随附权利要求书所限定的本发明的范围。其他方面、优点和修改均在权利要求书内。
Claims (20)
1.一种口腔崩解剂型,包含约5重量%至约40重量%的至少一种水合盐和药物活性剂,其中所述至少一种水合盐的脱水温度为约20至约120℃。
2.根据权利要求1所述的口腔崩解剂型,其中所述口腔崩解剂型的体外崩解时间少于三十秒。
3.根据权利要求1所述的口腔崩解剂型,其中所述口腔崩解剂型还包含至少40重量%的至少一种碳水化合物。
4.根据权利要求3所述的口腔崩解剂型,其中所述至少一种碳水化合物选自右旋糖、一水右旋糖、乳糖、葡萄糖、果糖、异麦芽酮糖醇、蔗糖、甘露糖、麦芽糖、麦芽糖糊精、玉米糖浆固形物、氢化淀粉水解物、乳糖醇、木糖醇、甘露糖醇、赤藓醇和山梨醇以及它们的混合物。
5.根据权利要求3所述的口腔崩解剂型,其中所述至少一种水合盐与所述至少一种碳水化合物的重量比为约1∶4至约1∶30。
6.根据权利要求1所述的口腔崩解剂型,其中所述至少一种水合盐选自硫酸钠水合物、碳酸钠水合物、氯化钙水合物、磷酸氢二钠水合物以及它们的混合物。
7.根据权利要求1所述的口腔崩解剂型,其中所述口腔崩解剂型的硬度小于5kp/cm3。
8.根据权利要求1所述的口腔崩解剂型,其中所述药物活性剂选自对乙酰氨基酚、布洛芬、酮洛芬、洛哌丁胺、法莫替丁、西替利嗪、去氧肾上腺素、右美沙芬、碳酸钙、抗坏血酸和苯海拉明。
9.根据权利要求1所述的口腔崩解剂型,其包含凝胶包衣的液体填充小珠。
10.一种用于制备口腔崩解剂型的方法,所述方法包括如下步骤:
a)提供具有凹部的单元产品片材,所述凹部具有适于容纳所述口腔崩解剂型的所需形状和容积;
b)将预定量的流动性材料导入所述凹部中,所述流动性材料包含至少约5重量%的至少一种水合盐和药物活性剂,其中所述至少一种水合盐的脱水温度为约20至约120℃;
c)将所述凹部中的所述材料加热至高于所述至少一种水合盐的所述脱水温度并持续足够长的时间以使所述材料熔凝成凝聚体,以及
d)使所述凹部中的所述凝聚体冷却以使得所述凝聚体固化成适于消费的口腔溶出剂型。
11.根据权利要求10所述的方法,其中所述单元产品片材为泡罩型包装。
12.根据权利要求10所述的方法,其中通过对流、传导、超声加热、射频、激光、红外、或微波提供加热。
13.根据权利要求10所述的方法,其中所述凹部在其内表面上具有正压印部分,并且所述正压印部分在所述最终剂型中产生相应的图案。
14.根据权利要求10所述的方法,其中所述方法还包括在所述加热步骤(c)前将所述流动性材料密封在所述凹部内的步骤。
15.一种剂型,其包括可食用的外部部分和口腔崩解部分,所述可食用的外部部分容纳所述剂型的所述口腔崩解部分,并且所述口腔崩解部分包含至少约5重量%的至少一种水合盐和药物活性剂,其中所述至少一种水合盐的脱水温度为约20至约120℃。
16.根据权利要求15所述的剂型,其中所述可食用的外部部分包含药物活性剂。
17.根据权利要求15所述的剂型,其中所述可食用的外部部分为硬糖。
18.一种制备包括可食用的外部部分和口腔崩解部分的剂型的方法,所述方法包括如下步骤:
a)制备具有凹部的可食用的外部部分,所述凹部具有适于容纳所述剂型的所述口腔崩解部分的所需形状和容积;
b)将预定量的流动性材料导入所述凹部中,所述流动性材料包含至少约5重量%的至少一种水合盐和药物活性剂,其中所述至少一种水合盐的脱水温度为约20至约120℃;
c)将所述凹部中的所述材料加热至高于所述至少一种水合盐的所述脱水温度并持续足够长的时间以使所述材料熔凝成凝聚体,以及
d)使所述凹部中的所述凝聚体冷却以使得所述凝聚体固化成适于消费的口腔溶出剂型。
19.根据权利要求18所述的方法,其中所述可食用的外部部分通过压制制备。
20.根据权利要求18所述的方法,其中所述可食用的外部部分为通过选自冲压成型轧制、拧成绳状并随后切割及压印或模具沉积的方法制备的硬糖形式。
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US60/983,973 | 2007-10-31 | ||
PCT/US2008/081496 WO2009058798A2 (en) | 2007-10-31 | 2008-10-29 | Orally disintegrated dosage form |
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-
2008
- 2008-10-29 CN CN2008801145725A patent/CN101842085B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2008-10-29 BR BRPI0819231A patent/BRPI0819231B8/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2008-10-29 WO PCT/US2008/081496 patent/WO2009058798A2/en active Application Filing
- 2008-10-29 RU RU2010121887/15A patent/RU2482839C2/ru active
- 2008-10-29 US US12/260,151 patent/US20090110716A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2008-10-29 AU AU2008318851A patent/AU2008318851B2/en not_active Ceased
- 2008-10-29 ES ES08844404.7T patent/ES2633449T3/es active Active
- 2008-10-29 EP EP08844404.7A patent/EP2217213B1/en active Active
- 2008-10-29 MX MX2010004897A patent/MX2010004897A/es not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2008-10-29 KR KR1020107012013A patent/KR101560176B1/ko not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2008-10-29 CA CA2704209A patent/CA2704209C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2008-10-30 AR ARP080104761A patent/AR069128A1/es unknown
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2009
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- 2009-09-24 US US12/566,078 patent/US8968769B2/en active Active
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP2217213A2 (en) | 2010-08-18 |
CA2704209A1 (en) | 2009-05-07 |
KR20100096120A (ko) | 2010-09-01 |
RU2010121887A (ru) | 2011-12-10 |
BRPI0819231B1 (pt) | 2019-04-30 |
WO2009058798A3 (en) | 2009-08-27 |
CN101842085B (zh) | 2013-01-30 |
EP2217213B1 (en) | 2017-05-24 |
US20100016451A1 (en) | 2010-01-21 |
US20090110716A1 (en) | 2009-04-30 |
AU2008318851B2 (en) | 2014-04-17 |
RU2482839C2 (ru) | 2013-05-27 |
ES2633449T3 (es) | 2017-09-21 |
MX2010004897A (es) | 2010-05-19 |
BRPI0819231B8 (pt) | 2021-05-25 |
CA2704209C (en) | 2017-02-28 |
US20100016348A1 (en) | 2010-01-21 |
HK1147202A1 (en) | 2011-08-05 |
KR101560176B1 (ko) | 2015-10-14 |
BRPI0819231A2 (pt) | 2015-05-05 |
WO2009058798A2 (en) | 2009-05-07 |
US8968769B2 (en) | 2015-03-03 |
AU2008318851A1 (en) | 2009-05-07 |
AR069128A1 (es) | 2009-12-30 |
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