CN101817956A - 共聚物橡胶组合物、模制品和汽车密封件 - Google Patents
共聚物橡胶组合物、模制品和汽车密封件 Download PDFInfo
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- CN101817956A CN101817956A CN201010126371A CN201010126371A CN101817956A CN 101817956 A CN101817956 A CN 101817956A CN 201010126371 A CN201010126371 A CN 201010126371A CN 201010126371 A CN201010126371 A CN 201010126371A CN 101817956 A CN101817956 A CN 101817956A
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- copolymer rubber
- ethylene
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- olefin
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- 238000010894 electron beam technology Methods 0.000 description 3
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 3
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Abstract
本发明提供一种共聚物橡胶组合物、模制品和汽车密封件。共聚物橡胶组合物包含60至75重量%的共聚物橡胶(1)和40至25重量%的共聚物橡胶(2),并且显示出在所述共聚物橡胶(1)和所述共聚物橡胶(2)之间的5至30的碘值差。所述共聚物橡胶(1)为乙烯-α-烯烃-非共轭多烯共聚物橡胶,其具有50摩尔%至70摩尔%的乙烯单元,50摩尔%至30摩尔%的α-烯烃单元,和10至30的碘值,而所述共聚物橡胶(2)为乙烯-α-烯烃共聚物橡胶,其具有大于70摩尔%且95摩尔%以下的乙烯单元,小于30摩尔%且5摩尔%以上的α-烯烃单元,和0至8的碘值。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及共聚物橡胶组合物、模制品和汽车密封件(automotivesealant)。
背景技术
对于汽车,在车身开口周缘和用于开口如门和行李箱盖的打开/关闭构件之间密封的密封件用于防止来自外部的雨、风和声音。密封件通常包括与门框、行李箱盖、车身开口周缘等连接的固体构件,和用于密封车身开口周缘和用于开口的打开/关闭构件之间的缝隙的海绵构件。
固体构件需要具有诸如低压缩形变和高强度的物理性质,并且通常将通过硫化乙烯-α-烯烃共聚物橡胶得到的非发泡材料或轻度发泡材料用于固体构件。
例如,日本专利申请公布2002-160327提出了一种通过将以下组分的组合物硫化和发泡得到的固体构件:具有低乙烯单元量和低碘值的乙烯-丙烯-非共轭二烯共聚物橡胶;和具有高乙烯单元量和高碘值的乙烯-1-丁烯-非共轭二烯共聚物橡胶。
发明内容
然而,通过将乙烯-α-烯烃-非共轭二烯共聚物橡胶硫化得到的常规固体构件在压缩形变和强度方面仍不足以令人满意。
在这样的条件下,本发明的目的是解决提供一种共聚物橡胶组合物、通过将所述共聚物橡胶组合物交联得到的模制品,以及具有所述模制品作为固体构件的汽车密封件,所述共聚物橡胶组合物可以提供具有低压缩形变和高强度的交联的模制品。
本发明的第一方面是一种共聚物橡胶组合物,所述共聚物橡胶组合物包含作为橡胶组分的共聚物橡胶(1)和共聚物橡胶(2),其中基于共聚物橡胶(1)和共聚物橡胶(2)的100重量%的总量,共聚物橡胶(1)的含量为60重量%以上且75重量%以下,而共聚物橡胶(2)的含量为40重量%以下且25重量%以上;并且共聚物橡胶(1)和共聚物橡胶(2)之间的碘值的差为5以上且30以下。
共聚物橡胶(1):乙烯-α-烯烃-非共轭多烯共聚物橡胶,其中基于乙烯的单体单元的含量为50摩尔%以上且70摩尔%以下;基于α-烯烃的单体单元的含量为50摩尔%以下且30摩尔%以上(在此,基于乙烯的单体单元和基于α-烯烃的单体单元的总量为100摩尔%);并且碘值为10以上且30以下。
共聚物橡胶(2):乙烯-α-烯烃共聚物橡胶,其中基于乙烯的单体单元的含量为大于70摩尔%且95摩尔%以下;基于α-烯烃的单体单元的含量为小于30摩尔%且5摩尔%以上(在此,基于乙烯的单体单元和基于α-烯烃的单体单元的总量为100摩尔%);并且碘值为0以上且8以下。
本发明的第二方面是通过将所述共聚物橡胶组合物硫化得到的模制品。
本发明的第三方面是具有所述模制品作为固体构件的汽车密封件。
本发明可以提供一种共聚物橡胶组合物、通过将所述共聚物橡胶组合物交联得到的模制品,以及具有所述模制品作为固体构件的汽车密封件,所述共聚物橡胶组合物可以提供具有低压缩形变和高强度的交联的模制品。
具体实施方式
在本发明中使用的共聚物橡胶组合物包含作为橡胶组分的共聚物橡胶(1)和共聚物橡胶(2)。
共聚物橡胶(1):乙烯-α-烯烃-非共轭多烯共聚物橡胶,其中基于乙烯的单体单元的含量为50摩尔%以上且70摩尔%以下;基于α-烯烃的单体单元的含量为50摩尔%以下且30摩尔%以上(在此,基于乙烯的单体单元和基于α-烯烃的单体单元的总量为100摩尔%);并且碘值为10以上且30以下。
共聚物橡胶(2):乙烯-α-烯烃共聚物橡胶,其中基于乙烯的单体单元的含量为大于70摩尔%且95摩尔%以下;基于α-烯烃的单体单元的含量为小于30摩尔%且5摩尔%以上(在此,基于乙烯的单体单元和基于α-烯烃的单体单元的总量为100摩尔%);并且碘值为0以上且8以下。
共聚物橡胶(1)和共聚物橡胶(2)的α-烯烃优选为含3至20个碳原子的α-烯烃,并且包括直链α-烯烃如丙烯、1-丁烯、1-戊烯、1-己烯、1-庚烯、1-辛烯、1-壬烯和1-癸烯,和支链α-烯烃如3-甲基-1-丁烯、3-甲基-1-戊烯和4-甲基-1-戊烯。这些可以单独或同时以两种以上使用。α-烯烃优选为丙烯和1-丁烯,并且更优选丙烯。
用于共聚物橡胶(1)和共聚物橡胶(2)的非共轭多烯的实例包括:链非共轭二烯,例如1,4-己二烯、1,6-辛二烯、2-甲基-1,5-己二烯和6-甲基-1,5-庚二烯和7-甲基-1,6-辛二烯;环状非共轭二烯,例如环己二烯、二环戊二烯、甲基四茚、5-乙烯基-2-降冰片烯、5-(2-丙烯基)-2-降冰片烯、5-(3-丁烯基)-2-降冰片烯、5-(4-戊烯基)-2-降冰片烯、5-(5-己烯基)-2-降冰片烯、5-(5-庚烯基)-2-降冰片烯、5-(7-辛烯基)-2-降冰片烯、5-亚甲基-2-降冰片烯、5-亚乙基-2-降冰片烯和6-氯甲基-5-异丙烯基-2-降冰片烯;和三烯,例如2,3-二异亚丙基-5-降冰片烯、2-亚乙基-3-异亚丙基-5-降冰片烯、2-丙烯基-2,2-降冰片二烯、1,3,7-辛三烯、1,4,9-癸三烯、6,10-二甲基-1,5,9-十一碳三烯、5,9-二甲基-1,4,8-癸三烯、4-亚乙基-8-甲基-1,7-壬二烯、13-乙基-9-甲基-1,9,12-十五碳三烯、8,14,16-三甲基-1,7,14-十六碳三烯和4-亚乙基-12-甲基-1,11-十五碳二烯。这些可以单独或同时以两种以上使用。非共轭多烯优选为选自由5-亚乙基-2-降冰片烯、二环戊二烯和5-乙烯基-2-降冰片烯组成的非共轭多烯组中的至少一种化合物。
作为共聚物橡胶(1)的乙烯-α-烯烃-非共轭多烯共聚物橡胶的实例包括:乙烯-丙烯-5-亚乙基-2-降冰片烯共聚物橡胶、乙烯-丙烯-二环戊二烯共聚物橡胶、乙烯-丙烯-5-乙烯基-2-降冰片烯共聚物橡胶、乙烯-1-丁烯-5-亚乙基-2-降冰片烯共聚物橡胶、乙烯-1-丁烯-二环戊二烯共聚物橡胶和乙烯-1-丁烯-5-乙烯基-2-降冰片烯共聚物橡胶。
在共聚物橡胶(1)中,基于乙烯的单体单元(乙烯单元)的含量为50摩尔%以上且70摩尔%以下,并且基于α-烯烃的单体单元(α-烯烃单元)的含量为50摩尔%以下且30摩尔%以上。为了降低压缩形变和提高强度,优选地,乙烯单元的含量为55摩尔%以上且68摩尔%以下,并且α-烯烃单元的含量为45摩尔%以下且32摩尔%以上;并且更优选地,乙烯单元的含量为60摩尔%以上且68摩尔%以下,并且α-烯烃单元的含量为40摩尔%以下且32摩尔%以上。在此,乙烯单元的含量和α-烯烃单元的含量的总量为100摩尔%。
共聚物橡胶(1)的碘值(g/100g聚合物)为10以上且30以下。为了提高耐候性,碘值优选为10以上且25以下,并且更优选10以上且20以下。
作为共聚物橡胶(2)的乙烯-α-烯烃共聚物橡胶的实例包括乙烯-α-烯烃共聚物橡胶和乙烯-α-烯烃-非共轭多烯共聚物橡胶。乙烯-α-烯烃共聚物橡胶的实例包括:乙烯-丙烯共聚物橡胶、乙烯-1-丁烯共聚物橡胶、乙烯-1-己烯共聚物橡胶、乙烯-1-辛烯共聚物橡胶、乙烯-丙烯-1-丁烯共聚物橡胶和乙烯-丙烯-1-己烯共聚物橡胶。乙烯-α-烯烃-非共轭多烯共聚物橡胶包括,例如,乙烯-丙烯-5-亚乙基-2-降冰片烯共聚物橡胶、乙烯-丙烯-二环戊二烯共聚物橡胶、乙烯-丙烯-5-乙烯基-2-降冰片烯共聚物橡胶、乙烯-1-丁烯-5-亚乙基-2-降冰片烯共聚物橡胶、乙烯-1-丁烯-二环戊二烯共聚物橡胶和乙烯-1-丁烯-5-乙烯基-2-降冰片烯共聚物橡胶。
在共聚物橡胶(2)中,乙烯单元的含量为大于70摩尔%且95摩尔%以下,并且α-烯烃单元的含量为小于30摩尔%且5摩尔%以上。为了降低压缩形变和提高刚性,优选地,乙烯单元的含量为75摩尔%以上且90摩尔%以下,并且α-烯烃单元的含量为25摩尔%以下且10摩尔%以上;并且更优选地,乙烯单元的含量为80摩尔%以上且90摩尔%以下,α-烯烃单元的含量为20摩尔%以下且10摩尔%以上。在此,乙烯单元的含量和α-烯烃单元的含量的总量为100摩尔%。
共聚物橡胶(2)的碘值(g/100g聚合物)为0以上且8以下。为了提高刚性和耐候性,碘值优选为0以上且7以下,并且更优选0以上且5以下。
共聚物橡胶(1)和共聚物橡胶(2)之间碘值的差为5以上且30以下。为了提高刚性,所述差优选为7以上,并且更优选10以上。为了降低压缩形变,所述差优选为25以下,并且更优选20以下。
在共聚物橡胶组合物中,共聚物橡胶(1)的含量为60重量%以上且75重量%以下,并且共聚物橡胶(2)的含量为40重量%以下且25重量%以上。为了提高刚性和捏合加工性,优选地,共聚物橡胶(1)的含量为63重量%以上且70重量%以下,并且共聚物橡胶(2)的含量为37重量%以下且30重量%以上。
为了提高强度和捏合加工性,在共聚物橡胶组合物中,由共聚物橡胶(1)和共聚物橡胶(2)构成的橡胶组分的特性粘度[η]优选为1dl/g以上且10dl/g以下,更优选1.5dl/g以上且8dl/g以下,并且还更优选1.8dl/g以上且5dl/g以下。特性粘度[η]在1,2,3,4-四氢化萘中于135℃测量。
为了提高强度和捏合加工性,在共聚物橡胶组合物中,由共聚物橡胶(1)和共聚物橡胶(2)构成的橡胶组分的分子量分布(按照聚苯乙烯的Z-均分子量(Mz)和数均分子量(Mn)的比率:Mz/Mw)优选为3至7。此外,为了提高强度,分子量分布优选为单峰的。
用于制备共聚物橡胶组合物的方法包括:使用两个串联连接的罐的方法,该方法包括在第一反应罐中制备共聚物橡胶(1)和共聚物橡胶(2)中的一种,将在第一反应罐中制备的一种共聚物橡胶进料至第二反应罐,并且在第二反应罐中在所述一种共聚物橡胶的存在下制备另一种共聚物橡胶。例如,该方法包括以下方法:将乙烯、α-烯烃、非共轭多烯、溶剂、氢和聚合催化剂进料至第一反应罐中,以在第一反应罐中制备共聚物橡胶(1)和共聚物橡胶(2)中的一种;并且将在第一反应罐中制备的一种共聚物橡胶、乙烯、α-烯烃、非共轭多烯、溶剂、氢和聚合催化剂进料至第二反应罐中,以在第二反应罐中制备另一种共聚物橡胶。
在共聚物橡胶(1)的制备中使用的聚合催化剂适宜地为含有作为聚合催化剂组分的由式(1)表示的钒化合物和由式(2)表示的有机铝化合物的那些聚合催化剂。
式(1):VO(OR)mX3-m,其中R表示含1至8个碳原子的直链烃基;X表示卤原子;而m表示满足0≤m≤3的数。
式(2):R″jAlX″3-j,其中R″表示烃基;X″表示卤原子;而j表示满足0<j≤3的数。
在式(1)中,R表示含1至8个碳原子的直链烃基,并且包括,例如,含1至8个碳原子的直链烷基如甲基、乙基、正丙基、正丁基、正戊基和正己基。优选的是含1至3个碳原子的直链烷基。X表示卤原子,并且包括氯原子。m表示满足0≤m≤3的数,并且优选满足0≤m≤2的数。
由式(1)表示的钒化合物的实例包括:VOCl3、VO(OCH3)Cl2、VO(OC2H5)Cl2、VO(O(n-C3H7))Cl2、VO(O(n-C4H9))Cl2、VO(O(n-C5H11))Cl2、VO(O(n-C6H13))Cl2、VO(O(n-C7H15))Cl2、VO(O(n-C8H17))Cl2、VO(OCH3)0.5Cl2.5、VO(OC2H5)0.5Cl2.5、VO(O(n-C3H7))0.5Cl2.5、VO(O(n-C4H9))0.5Cl2.5、VO(O(n-C5H11))0.5Cl2.5、VO(O(n-C6H13))0.5Cl2.5、VO(O(n-C7H15))0.5Cl2.5、VO(O(n-C8H17))0.5Cl2.5、VO(OCH3)1.5Cl0.5、VO(OC2H5)1.5Cl0.5、VO(O(n-C3H7))1.5Cl0.5、VO(O(n-C4H9))1.5Cl0.5、VO(O(n-C5H11))1.5Cl0.5、VO(O(n-C6H13))1.5Cl0.5、VO(O(n-C7H15))1.5Cl0.5、VO(O(n-C8H17))1.5Cl0.5、VO(OCH3)0.8Cl2.2、VO(OC2H5)0.8Cl2.2、VO(O(n-C3H7))0.8Cl2.2、VO(O(n-C4H9))0.8Cl2.2、VO(O(n-C5H11))0.8Cl2.2、VO(O(n-C6H13))0.8Cl2.2、VO(O(n-C7H15))0.8Cl2.2和VO(O(n-C8H17))0.8Cl2.2。优选的是VOCl3、VO(OC2H5)Cl2、VO(OC2H5)0.5Cl2.5、VO(OC2H5)1.5Cl0.5和VO(OC2H5)0.8Cl2.2。
由式(1)表示的钒化合物通过其中将VOX3和ROH以预定的摩尔比反应的方法得到。例如,VOCl3和C2H5OH的反应由下式示出。
VOCl3+m·C2H5OH→VO(OC2H5)mCl3-m+m·HCl
在式(2)中,R″表示烃基,并且包括,例如,含1至10个碳原子的烷基,例如甲基、乙基、正丙基、异丙基、正丁基、异丁基、戊基和己基。X″表示卤原子,并且包括氯原子。j表示满足0<j≤3的数,并且优选1≤m≤2。
由式(2)表示的有机铝化合物的实例包括:(C2H5)3AlCl、(n-C4H9)2AlCl、(iso-C4H9)2AlCl、(n-C6H13)2AlCl、(n-C2H5)1.5AlCl1.5、(n-C4H9)1.5AlCl1.5、(iso-C4H9)1.5AlCl1.5、(n-C6H13)1.5AlCl1.5、C2H5AlCl2、(n-C4H9)AlCl2、(iso-C4H9)AlCl2和(n-C6H13)AlCl2。
在共聚物橡胶(2)的制备中使用的聚合催化剂适宜地为含有作为聚合催化剂组分的由所示式(3)表示的钒化合物和由式(2)表示的有机铝化合物的那些聚合催化剂。
式(3):VO(O R′)nX′3-n,其中R′表示含3至8个碳原子的仲烃基或叔烃基;X′表示卤原子;而n表示满足0<n≤3的数。
在式(3)中,R′表示含3至8个碳原子的仲烃基或叔烃基,并且包括,例如,含3至8个碳原子的仲烷基或叔烷基,例如异丙基、仲丁基和叔丁基。优选的是含3至4个碳原子的仲烷基和叔烷基。X′表示卤原子,并且包括氯原子。n表示满足0<n≤3,并且优选0.5<n≤2的数。
由式(3)表示的钒化合物的实例包括:VO(O(iso-C3H7))Cl2、VO(O(iso-C3H7))0.5Cl2.5、VO(O(iso-C3H7))1.5Cl0.5和VO(O(iso-C3H7))0.8Cl2.2。优选的是VO(O(iso-C3H7))0.8Cl2.2。
由式(3)表示的钒化合物通过其中将VOX′3和R′OH以预定的摩尔比反应的方法得到。例如,VOCl3和iso-C3H7OH的反应由下式示出。
VOCl3+n·iso-C3H7OH→VO(O(iso-C3H7)nCl3-n+n·HCl
在共聚物橡胶(1)和共聚物橡胶(2)的制备中,有机铝化合物和钒化合物的使用量的摩尔比(有机铝化合物的摩尔数/钒化合物的摩尔数)优选为2.5至50。
可使用的溶剂为非活性溶剂,包括:脂族烃,例如丙烷、丁烷、异丁烷、戊烷、己烷、庚烷和辛烷;和脂环族烃,包括例如环戊烷和环己烷。
聚合温度通常为-20至200℃,优选0至150℃,并且更优选20至120℃。聚合压力通常为0.1至10MPa,优选0.1至5MPa,并且更优选0.1至3MPa。
共聚物橡胶组合物可以含有添加剂,例如,硫化剂、硫化助剂、硫化促进剂、软化剂、增强剂、发泡剂、发泡助剂、稳定剂和消泡剂(deformingagent)。
可用的硫化剂为硫磺、硫基化合物、有机过氧化物等。可用的硫磺包括粉末状硫磺、沉淀硫磺、胶态硫磺、经表面处理的硫磺和不溶性硫磺。相对于共聚物橡胶组合物中的100重量份的橡胶组分,硫磺和硫基化合物的使用量优选为0.01至10重量份,并且更优选0.1至5重量份。
有机过氧化物的实例包括:过氧化二枯基、2,5-二甲基-2,5-二(叔丁基过氧)己烷、2,5-二甲基-2,5-二(苯甲酰过氧)己烷、2,5-二甲基-2,5-(叔丁基过氧)己炔-3、过氧化二-叔丁基、过氧化二-叔丁基-3,3,5-三甲基环己烷和氢过氧化叔丁基。优选的是过氧化二枯基、过氧化二-叔丁基和过氧化二-叔丁基-3,3,5-三甲基环己烷,并且更优选的是过氧化二-叔丁基-3,3,5-三甲基环己烷。相对于共聚物橡胶组合物中的100重量份的橡胶组分,有机过氧化物的使用量优选为0.1至15重量份,并且更优选1至8重量份。
用于硫磺或硫基化合物的硫化助剂包括金属氧化物,例如氧化镁和氧化锌。优选的是氧化锌。相对于共聚物橡胶组合物中的100重量份的橡胶组分,硫化助剂的复合量优选为1至20重量份。
用于有机过氧化物的硫化助剂的实例包括:异氰脲酸三烯丙酯、N,N′-间-亚苯基双马来酰亚胺、甲基丙烯酸、甲基丙烯酸甲酯、甲基丙烯酸乙酯、甲基丙烯酸丙酯、甲基丙烯酸异丙酯、甲基丙烯酸正丁酯、甲基丙烯酸异丁酯、甲基丙烯酸仲丁酯、甲基丙烯酸叔丁酯、甲基丙烯酸2-乙基己酯、甲基丙烯酸环己酯、甲基丙烯酸异癸酯、甲基丙烯酸月桂酯、甲基丙烯酸十三烷酯、甲基丙烯酸硬脂酯、甲基丙烯酸2-羟乙酯、甲基丙烯酸羟丙酯、聚乙二醇单甲基丙烯酸酯、聚丙二醇单甲基丙烯酸酯、甲基丙烯酸2-乙氧基乙酯、甲基丙烯酸四氢糠酯、甲基丙烯酸烯丙酯、甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯、甲基丙烯酸苄酯、甲基丙烯酸二甲基氨基乙酯、甲基丙烯酸二乙基氨基乙酯、磷酸甲基丙烯酰氧基乙酯、1,4-丁二醇二丙烯酸酯、乙二醇二甲基丙烯酸酯、1,3-丁二醇二甲基丙烯酸酯、新戊二醇二甲基丙烯酸酯、1,6-己二醇二甲基丙烯酸酯、二甘醇二甲基丙烯酸酯、三甘醇二甲基丙烯酸酯、聚乙二醇二甲基丙烯酸酯、双丙甘醇二甲基丙烯酸酯、聚丙二醇二甲基丙烯酸酯、三羟甲基乙烷三甲基丙烯酸酯、三羟甲基丙烷三甲基丙烯酸酯、烯丙基缩水甘油醚、N-羟甲基甲基丙烯酰胺、2,2-二(4-甲基丙烯酰氧聚乙氧基苯基)丙烷、甲基丙烯酸铝、甲基丙烯酸锌、甲基丙烯酸钙、甲基丙烯酸镁和甲基丙烯酸3-氯-2-羟丙酯。相对于共聚物橡胶组合物中的100重量份的橡胶组分,交联助剂的复合量优选为0.05至15重量份,并且更优选0.1至8重量份。
硫化促进剂的实例包括:二硫化四甲基秋兰姆、二硫化四乙基秋兰姆、二硫化四丁基秋兰姆、一硫化双五亚甲基秋兰姆、二硫化双五亚甲基秋兰姆、四硫化双五亚甲基秋兰姆、二硫化N,N′-二甲基-N,N′-二苯基秋兰姆、二硫化N,N′-双十八烷基-N,N′-二异丙基秋兰姆、N-环己基-2-苯并噻唑次磺酰胺、N-氧联二乙基-2-苯并噻唑次磺酰胺、N,N-二异丙基-2-苯并噻唑次磺酰胺、2-巯基苯并噻唑、2-(2,4-二硝基苯基)巯基苯并噻唑、2-(2,6-二乙基-4-吗啉代(morpholino)硫代)苯并噻唑、二硫化二苯并噻唑、二苯胍、三苯胍、二邻甲苯胍、邻甲苯双胍、邻苯二甲酸二苯胍、乙醛-苯胺反应产物、丁醛-苯胺缩合物、六亚甲基四胺、乙醛合氨、2-巯基咪唑啉、均二苯硫脲、二乙基硫脲、二丁基硫脲、三甲基硫脲、二邻甲苯硫脲、二甲基二硫代氨基甲酸锌、二乙基硫代氨基甲酸锌、二正丁基二硫代氨基甲酸锌、乙基苯基二硫代氨基甲酸锌、丁基苯基二硫代氨基甲酸锌、二甲基二硫代氨基甲酸钠、二甲基二硫代氨基甲酸硒、二乙基二硫代氨基甲酸碲、二丁基黄原酸锌和亚乙基硫脲。相对于共聚物橡胶组合物中的100重量份的橡胶组分,硫化促进剂的复合量优选为0.05至20重量份,并且更优选0.1至8重量份。
软化剂的实例包括:石油软化剂,例如加工油、润滑剂、石蜡、液体石蜡、石油沥青和凡士林;煤焦油软化剂,例如煤焦油和煤焦油沥青;脂肪油软化剂,例如蓖麻油、亚麻子油、菜籽油和椰子油;蜡,例如妥尔油、油膏、蜂蜡、巴西棕榈蜡和羊毛脂;脂肪酸和脂肪酸盐,例如蓖麻油酸、棕榈酸、硬脂酸钡、硬脂酸钙和月桂酸锌;和合成聚合物材料,例如石油树脂、无规立构聚丙烯和香豆酮茚树脂。相对于共聚物橡胶组合物中的100重量份的橡胶组分,软化剂的复合量优选为1至300重量份,更优选20至250重量份,并且还更优选50至200重量份。
增强剂的实例包括:炭黑、二氧化硅、碳酸钙、超细粉滑石和超细粉硅酸铝。炭黑包括SRF、GPF、FEF、MAF、HAF、ISAF、SAF、FT和MT。这些炭黑可以用硅烷偶联剂表面处理。相对于共聚物橡胶组合物中的100重量份的橡胶组分,增强剂的复合量优选为1至300重量份,更优选20至250重量份,并且还更优选50至200重量份。
发泡剂的实例包括:无机发泡剂,例如碳酸氢钠、碳酸钠、碳酸氢铵、碳酸铵和亚硝酸铵;亚硝基化合物,例如N,N′-二甲基-N,N′-二亚硝基对苯二甲酰胺和N,N′-二亚硝基五亚甲基四胺;偶氮化合物,例如偶氮二甲酰胺、偶氮二异丁腈、偶氮二环己腈、偶氮二氨基苯和偶氮二羧酸钡;磺酰肼化合物,例如苯磺酰肼、甲苯磺酰肼、P,P′-氧双(苯磺酰肼)和二苯砜-3,3′-二磺酰肼;和叠氮化合物,例如叠氮化钙、4,4′-二苯基二磺酰叠氮化物和对甲苯磺酰叠氮化物。相对于共聚物橡胶组合物中的100重量份的橡胶组分,发泡剂的复合量优选为0.01至15重量份,并且更优选0.05至8重量份。
发泡助剂的实例包括:有机酸,例如水杨酸、邻苯二甲酸、硬脂酸和草酸;和脲及其衍生物。相对于共聚物橡胶组合物中的100重量份的橡胶组分,发泡助剂的复合量优选为0.01至15重量份,并且更优选0.05至8重量份。
稳定剂的实例包括:胺类抗氧化剂、受阻酚抗氧化剂和硫抗氧化剂。相对于共聚物橡胶组合物中的100重量份的橡胶组分,稳定剂的复合量优选为0.01至15重量份,并且更优选0.05至8重量份。
消泡剂的实例包括氧化钙。相对于共聚物橡胶组合物中的100重量份的橡胶组分,消泡剂的复合量优选为0.05至20重量份,并且更优选为0.1至8重量份。
共聚物橡胶组合物可以按需要含有树脂。树脂的实例包括:聚乙烯树脂、聚丙烯树脂、聚丁烯、聚-4-甲基-戊烯-1、聚苯乙烯、聚酯、聚酰胺和聚苯醚。聚乙烯树脂的实例包括高密度聚乙烯、中密度聚乙烯、低密度聚乙烯和直链低密度聚乙烯。
作为用于将上述添加剂复合到共聚物橡胶组合物中的方法,可以使用众所周知的橡胶化合物的制备方法。橡胶化合物可以例如通过以下方法制备:使用密炼机如班伯里密炼机、捏合机或肖氏密炼机将软化剂、增强剂、稳定剂等与共聚物橡胶在80至170℃的温度捏合3至10分钟,然后按需要加入硫化剂、硫化促进剂、硫化助剂等并且使用辊如开放式辊(open roll)或捏合机将混合物在40至80℃的温度捏合5至30分钟。由此通常得到带形或板形组合物(复合橡胶)。在上述密炼机中的捏合温度低于硫化剂和发泡剂的分解温度的情况下,可以同时将硫化剂和发泡剂捏合。
将共聚物橡胶组合物适宜地模塑成硫化模制品,该硫化模制品用作汽车工业部件,例如汽车密封件(挡风雨条、门玻璃移动轨(door glass runchannel)等)、窗框、散热器软管、制动器部件和刮水片;橡胶工业制品,例如橡胶辊、带、包装和软管;电绝缘材料,例如阳极罩和垫圈;土木工程和建筑供给品,例如建筑衬垫和结构板;胶布;等。
用于制备硫化模制品的方法包括下列方法:使用众所周知的模塑机(例如挤出机、砑光辊模塑机、压模机、注射模塑机和传递模塑机)将与添加剂等复合的共聚物橡胶组合物模塑成具有所需形状的模制品,并且在模塑的同时或模塑之后通过加热或电子束辐射将模制品硫化。
在通过加热硫化的方法中,可以使用具有加热手段如热空气、玻璃珠流化床、UHF(超高频率电磁波)、蒸汽和LCM(热熔融盐浴)的加热罐和金属模具。加热温度优选为150至270℃;并且加热时间优选为1至30分钟。
在通过电子束辐射硫化的方法中,电子束的能量优选为0.1至10MeV,并且更优选0.3至2MeV。进行辐射使得吸收剂量优选为0.5至35Mrad,并且更优选0.5至10Mrad。
硫化的模制品适宜地用作汽车密封件的固体构件。用于固体构件的硫化的模制品的密度优选为0.7至1.1kg/L,更优选0.7至1.0kg/L,并且还更优选0.7至0.9kg/L。硫化的模制品的硬度(JIS K6253类型A)优选为30至100,更优选50至90,并且还更优选60至80。
(实施例)
下面,通过实施例和比较例进一步详细地描述本发明。
[测量和评价的方法]
(1)乙烯单元量和丙烯单元量
通过热压机将共聚物橡胶和共聚物橡胶组合物分别模塑成厚度约0.1mm的膜,并且通过红外光谱仪(IR-810,由JASCO Corp.生产)对膜进行红外吸收光谱测量。根据文献(Takayama,Usami,等,″通过红外吸收光谱表征聚乙烯(Characterization of Polyethylene by Infrared AbsorptionSpectrum)″,或Mc Rae,M.A.,MadamS,W.F.,等,Die MakromolekulareChemie,177,461(1976))中描述的方法,由红外吸收光谱确定乙烯单元量和丙烯单元量。
(2)碘值
通过热压机将共聚物橡胶和共聚物橡胶组合物分别模塑成厚度约0.5mm的膜,并且通过红外光谱仪对膜进行源自5-亚乙基-2-降冰片烯的峰(1,688cm-1处的吸收峰)的强度的测量。由峰的强度确定双键的摩尔含量,并且由摩尔含量计算碘值。
(3)分子量分布
通过凝胶渗透色谱法(GPC)在以下描述的条件(1)至(9)下测量Z均分子量(Mz)和数均分子量(Mn),并且确定分子量分布(Mz/Mw)。
(1)装置:由Waters生产的150C
(2)分离柱:由Showa Denko K.K.生产的Shodex PackedColumnA-80M
(3)测量温度:140℃
(4)载体:邻二氯苯
(5)流速:1.0mL/min
(6)样品浓度:约1mg/1mL
(7)样品注射量:400μL
(8)检测器:差示折射
(9)分子量标准物质:标准聚苯乙烯
(4)特性粘度
特性粘度使用乌氏粘度计在1,2,3,4-四氢化萘溶液中于135℃测量。
(5)压缩形变
将在JIS K6262-1997中规定的小试样在120℃的气氛温度的齿轮式烘箱(gear oven)中使用压缩装置压缩25%并且连续压缩70小时。在70小时过后,在23℃的气氛温度将小试样的压缩解除,并且测量试样的恢复速率。较低的恢复速率的值表示较优异的耐热性。
(6)硬度
从硫化板切出在JIS K6253-1997中规定的3号哑铃的试样。将四片试样层叠以制备测量样品。在23℃的气氛温度,使用配置有A型硬度计的自动硬度试验机(RH-105A,由EXCEL Inc.生产)对测量样品进行硬度的测量。较高的硬度的值表示较高的硬度。
(7)强度
从硫化板切出在JIS K6251-1993中规定的3号哑铃的试样。使用拉伸试验仪(QUICK READER P-57,由Ueshima Seisakusho Co.,Ltd.生产),在23℃的气氛温度和500mm/min的拉伸速率的试验条件下,对试样进行拉伸强度的测量。较高的拉伸强度的值表示较优异的强度。
实施例1
(共聚物橡胶组合物的制备)
将己烷、乙烯和丙烯以各自按每单位时间和每单位聚合罐容积计1.007kg/(hr·L)、34.4g/(hr·L)和90.5g/(hr·L)的速率进料至配置有搅拌器的不锈钢第一聚合罐。在管线混合器中将VOCl3和乙醇以各自为42.5mg/(hr·L)和20.4mg/(hr·L)(VOCl3/乙醇=1/1.8(摩尔比))的速率混合并且搅拌,之后,将混合物进料至聚合罐中。另外,将倍半氯化乙基铝(EASC)和氢以各自为242.5mg/(hr·L)和0.02NL/(hr·L)的速率进料至聚合罐中。另外,将5-亚乙基-2-降冰片烯以4.0g/(hr·L)的速率进料至聚合罐中。将聚合罐的温度保持在46℃。在聚合罐中,以按每单位时间和每单位聚合罐容积计48g/(hr·L)的速率生成共聚物橡胶。共聚物橡胶的乙烯单元量/丙烯单元量(摩尔比)为0.66/0.34;并且碘值为13.6(g/100g聚合物)。
将从第一聚合罐提取的聚合溶液进料至不锈钢第二聚合罐,所述第二聚合罐具有与第一聚合罐的容积相同的容积并且配置有搅拌器。将己烷和乙烯以各自按每单位时间和每单位聚合罐容积计565g/(hr·L)和29.4g/(hr·L)的速率进料。将VO(O(iso-C3H7))0.8Cl2.2以12.5mg/(hr·L)的速率进料至第二聚合罐中。另外,将倍半氯化乙基铝(EASC)和氢以各自为43.5mg/(hr·L)和0.14NL/(hr·L)的速率进料至聚合罐中。将聚合罐的温度保持在46℃。
分析从第二聚合罐提取的聚合溶液,表明共聚物橡胶组合物(以下称为EPDM-A)的产量按每单位时间和每单位聚合罐容积计为70g/(hr·L);共聚物橡胶组合物的乙烯单元量/丙烯单元量(摩尔比)为0.72/0.28;碘值为9.9(g/100g聚合物);特性粘度为2.2dL/g而分子量分布为5.4。
已表明,在第二聚合罐中,共聚物橡胶以按每单位时间和每单位聚合罐容积计22g/(hr·L)的速率生成;共聚物橡胶的乙烯单元量/丙烯单元量(摩尔比)为0.86/0.14;并且碘值为1.8(g/100g聚合物)。
(添加剂的复合)
步骤(1)
将100重量份的EPDM-A、5重量份的氧化锌(活性锌白AZO,由SeidoChemical Industry Co.,Ltd.生产)、1重量份的硬脂酸、100重量份的SRF炭黑(Asahi 50HG,由Asahi Carbon Co.,Ltd.生产)、50重量份的FEF炭黑(Asahi 60G,由Asahi Carbon Co.,Ltd.生产)、20重量份的碳酸钙(WhitonSB,由Shiraishi Calcium Kaisha,Ltd.生产)和85重量份的加工油(DianaPS430,由Idemitsu Kosan Co.,Ltd.生产)在班伯里密炼机中捏合,从而得到捏合的材料。在捏合中,在捏合开始时将班伯里密炼机的温度设定在80℃;转子的旋转频率在60rpm;并且捏合时间为5分钟。
步骤(2)
将上述捏合的材料与相对于在捏合材料中100重量份的EPDM-A,5重量份的氧化钙(Vesta PP,由Inoue Calcium Corp.生产)、0.7重量份的二硫化四甲基秋兰姆(Rhenogran TMTD-80,由Rhein Chemie Rheinau GmbH生产)、2.5重量份的N-环己基苯并噻唑次磺酰胺(Rhenogran CSB-80,由Rhein Chemie Rheinau GmbH生产)和1重量份的硫磺在8-英寸开放式辊中于50℃的辊温度混合,从而得到共聚物橡胶组合物。
(硫化的模制品的制备)
将在步骤(2)中得到的共聚物橡胶组合物在160℃压缩模塑20分钟,从而同时进行模塑和硫化,以制备厚度2mm的硫化板,以及在JISK6262-1997中规定的小试样。板和试样的评价结果显示在表1中。
比较例1
将己烷、乙烯和丙烯以各自按每单位时间和每单位聚合罐容积计1.007kg/(hr.L)、29.0g/(hr·L)和104.0g/(hr·L)的速率进料至配置有搅拌器的不锈钢第一聚合罐。在管线混合器中将VOCl3和乙醇以各自为33.6mg/(hr·L)和16.1mg/(hr·L)的速率(VOCl3/乙醇=1/1.8(摩尔比))混合并且搅拌,之后,将混合物进料至聚合罐中。另外,将倍半氯化乙基铝(EASC)和氢以各自为191.7mg/(hr·L)和0.023NL/(hr·L)的速率进料至聚合罐中。另外,将5-亚乙基-2-降冰片烯以2.0g/(hr·L)的速率进料至聚合罐中。将聚合罐的温度保持在46℃。
在聚合罐中,以按每单位时间和每单位聚合罐容积计34g/(hr·L)的速率生成共聚物橡胶。共聚物橡胶的乙烯单元量/丙烯单元量(摩尔比)为0.67/0.33;碘值为9.2(g/100g聚合物);特性粘度为2.2dL/g;并且分子量分布为3.4。
如在实施例1中的″添加剂的复合″和″硫化的模制品的制备″中那样制备硫化板和小试样,不同之处在于使用EPDM-B代替EPDM-A。板和试样的评价结果显示在表1中。
比较例2
如在比较例1中那样制备硫化板和小试样,不同之处在于在比较例1的“添加剂的复合”中,将100重量份的EPDM-B、5重量份的低密度聚乙烯(Sumikasen G801,由Sumitomo Chemical Co.,Ltd.生产)、5重量份的氧化锌(活性锌白AZO,由Seido Chemical Industry Co.,Ltd.生产)、1重量份的硬脂酸、100重量份的SRF炭黑(Asahi 50HG,由Asahi Carbon Co.,Ltd.生产)、50重量份的FEF炭黑(Asahi 60G,由Asahi Carbon Co.,Ltd.生产)、20重量份的碳酸钙(Whiton SB,由Shiraishi Calcium Kaisha,Ltd.生产)和85重量份的加工油(Diana PS430,由Idemitsu Kosan Co.,Ltd.生产)在班伯里密炼机中捏合,从而得到捏合的材料。板和试样的评价结果显示在表1中。
比较例3
如在比较例2中那样制备硫化板和小试样,不同之处在于将比较例2中低密度聚乙烯的复合量改变成10重量份。板和试样的评价结果显示在表1中。
比较例4
如在比较例2中那样制备硫化板和小试样,不同之处在于将比较例2中低密度聚乙烯的复合量改变成20重量份。板和试样的评价结果显示在表1中。
表1
Claims (7)
1.一种共聚物橡胶组合物,所述共聚物橡胶组合物包含以下组分作为橡胶组分:
共聚物橡胶(1);和
共聚物橡胶(2),
其中基于所述共聚物橡胶(1)和所述共聚物橡胶(2)的100重量%的总量,所述共聚物橡胶(1)的含量为60重量%以上且75重量%以下,而所述共聚物橡胶(2)的含量为40重量%以下且25重量%以上;并且所述共聚物橡胶(1)和所述共聚物橡胶(2)之间的碘值的差为5以上且30以下,并且
其中,
所述共聚物橡胶(1)为乙烯-α-烯烃-非共轭多烯共聚物橡胶,其中基于乙烯的单体单元的含量为50摩尔%以上且70摩尔%以下,基于α-烯烃的单体单元的含量为50摩尔%以下且30摩尔%以上,条件是基于乙烯的单体单元和基于α-烯烃的单体单元的总量为100摩尔%;并且碘值为10以上且30以下,并且
所述共聚物橡胶(2)为乙烯-α-烯烃共聚物橡胶,其中基于乙烯的单体单元的含量为大于70摩尔%且95摩尔%以下,基于α-烯烃的单体单元的含量为小于30摩尔%且5摩尔%以上,条件是基于乙烯的单体单元和基于α-烯烃的单体单元的总量为100摩尔%;并且碘值为0以上且8以下。
2.根据权利要求1所述的共聚物橡胶组合物,其中所述α-烯烃为丙烯,并且所述非共轭多烯为选自由5-亚乙基-2-降冰片烯、二环戊二烯和5-乙烯基-2-降冰片烯组成的非共轭多烯组中的至少一种化合物。
3.根据权利要求1所述的共聚物橡胶组合物,其中包含所述共聚物橡胶(1)和所述共聚物橡胶(2)的橡胶组分的分子量分布为3以上且7以下。
4.根据权利要求1所述的共聚物橡胶组合物,包含所述共聚物橡胶(1)和所述共聚物橡胶(2)的橡胶组分为通过使用两个串联连接的罐的方法得到的橡胶组分,所述方法包括:在第一反应罐中制备所述共聚物橡胶(1)和所述共聚物橡胶(2)中的一种,将在所述第一反应罐中制备的一种共聚物橡胶进料至第二反应罐,并且在所述第二反应罐中制备另一种共聚物橡胶。
5.一种模制品,所述模制品通过将根据权利要求1至4中任一项所述的共聚物橡胶组合物硫化而得到。
6.根据权利要求5所述的模制品,其中所述模制品具有0.7kg/L以上且1.1kg/L以下的密度,以及30至100的硬度。
7.一种汽车密封件,所述汽车密封件包括根据权利要求5所述的模制品作为固体构件。
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US20100222445A1 (en) * | 2009-02-27 | 2010-09-02 | Sumitomo Chemical Company, Limited | Copolymer rubber composition, rubber foamed product, and automotive sealant |
CN106117819A (zh) | 2009-02-27 | 2016-11-16 | 住友化学株式会社 | 共聚物橡胶组合物、模制品和汽车密封件 |
JP2012153773A (ja) * | 2011-01-25 | 2012-08-16 | Sumitomo Chemical Co Ltd | ゴムロール用ゴム組成物及びゴムロール |
JP5932298B2 (ja) * | 2011-11-04 | 2016-06-08 | 三菱電線工業株式会社 | シール用ゴム組成物の製造方法、シール用ゴム組成物およびシール |
BR112015021930A2 (pt) * | 2013-03-26 | 2017-07-18 | Akzo Nobel Chemicals Int Bv | processo para reticulação de um elastômero selecionado de epm e epdm |
JP6698662B2 (ja) * | 2015-08-11 | 2020-05-27 | 住友化学株式会社 | エチレン−α−オレフィン系共重合体ゴム、ゴム組成物、エチレン−α−オレフィン系共重合体ゴムを製造する方法 |
JP2019014856A (ja) * | 2017-07-11 | 2019-01-31 | 株式会社ブリヂストン | ゴム組成物 |
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JP2010222575A (ja) | 2010-10-07 |
US20120202947A1 (en) | 2012-08-09 |
US20100222515A1 (en) | 2010-09-02 |
DE102010009378A1 (de) | 2010-10-07 |
JP5696364B2 (ja) | 2015-04-08 |
US8586674B2 (en) | 2013-11-19 |
CN106117819A (zh) | 2016-11-16 |
JP2014205849A (ja) | 2014-10-30 |
JP5768916B2 (ja) | 2015-08-26 |
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