CN101669457B - Cultivating method of selenium-rich yellow mealworm - Google Patents
Cultivating method of selenium-rich yellow mealworm Download PDFInfo
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- CN101669457B CN101669457B CN2009103091355A CN200910309135A CN101669457B CN 101669457 B CN101669457 B CN 101669457B CN 2009103091355 A CN2009103091355 A CN 2009103091355A CN 200910309135 A CN200910309135 A CN 200910309135A CN 101669457 B CN101669457 B CN 101669457B
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Abstract
The invention relates to a cultivating method of selenium-rich yellow mealworm, belonging to the technical field of cultivation. The method comprises the steps of cultivating larvae and cultivating enriched selenium, specifically comprising the steps of: cultivating the yellow mealworm to be middle-age stage and old-age stage according to a routine method; transferring the middle-aged yellow mealworm and the old-aged yellow mealworm into a special cultivating box; cultivating with wheat bran; cultivating with 20-40mg/L of sodium selenite water solution with a water drinking device in a special cultivating box in each day; and collecting after the 12-15 days of continues cultivation. The method can prevent from the lose caused by the mildewing of fodder, can greatly improve the content of microelement selenium in the yellow mealworm to reach about 16mg/kg, and has higher selenium content in the yellow mealworm which is more than at bout 15 times of that in the yellow mealworm cultivated by the routine method.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the cultural method of a kind of yellow mealworm, belong to the cultural technique field.
Background technology
Yellow mealworm (have another name called the bloom first, be commonly called as bread worm, non-irrigated shrimp) Tenebrio molitor Linnaeus belongs to coleoptera Coleoptera, and TRenebrionidae, mealworm belong to Tenebrio.Yellow mealworm becomes polypide to be about 18mm, flat, oblong, dark brown, glossy; Larva is the wireworm type, newly hatched larvae white, and the back is a yellowish-brown, it is filbert that each saves back side front and rear edge, internode and outside of belly yellowish white, the long 28～33mm of mature larva body.Yellow mealworm originally is a kind of stored grain insects that are distributed in all over the world, because its rich in proteins (larvae protein content is 48%～59%), it is a kind of animal protein sources of high-quality, nutritive value is very high, feed resource is extensive, feed conversion rate is high, production cost is lower, raise on a large scale easily, now generally as the living body bait of food adding ingredient and special economic animals such as soft-shelled turtle, scorpion, ornamental bird and fish.
Yellow mealworm is the protein content height not only, and the amino acid A wide selection of colours and designs, form rationally, also contain nutrient components such as abundant unsaturated fatty acid (wherein linoleic acid content is up to about 24%), vitamin, mineral matter, therefore, yellow mealworm also is a kind of food resource insect of high-quality, have very high healthy nutritive value, its elementary processed food comprises non-irrigated shrimp, non-irrigated shrimp med, yellow mealworm soy sauce etc., and the deep processing product have yellow mealworm high protein powder, amino acids oral-liquor etc.Yellow mealworm also can be used as healthy trace elements with household " carrier ", and the inorganic states trace element is converted into organic, carries out orientation and quantitatively produces.
About biological rich amass of yellow mealworm to selenium, the author reported once that raising yellow mealworm with the wheat bran that adds the 9mg/kg sodium selenite can significantly improve the polypide Se content; High red jasmine javascript:WriterSearch (' Gao Hongli '); Report that Deng also raising Yellow meal worm larva with the wheat bran that adds the 40mg/kg sodium selenite can improve the polypide Se content by a relatively large margin.This by add the method that sodium selenite solution is raised rich selenium yellow mealworm in wheat bran, the problem that exists spice inequality and feed water content Gao Yifa enzyme to go bad only can be raised with small containers in the laboratory, is difficult to use in breeding scale.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to overcome rich selenium yellow mealworm of the prior art and raise the high deficiency of going mouldy easily of existing feed water content, provide a kind of effective rich selenium yellow mealworm cultural method of avoiding feed mold, to satisfy the needs of the rich selenium yellow mealworm of breeding scale.
Rich selenium yellow mealworm raising method of the present invention comprises the steps:
(1), larva is cultured:
According to a conventional method Yellow meal worm larva is raised in, the above the average age for marriage stage, feed is main feed with wheat bran, is auxilliary with fresh vegetables or melon and fruit peel, throws in once in the every 3-5 of major ingredient days, each injected volume is 15%～20% of a polypide gross mass; Auxiliary material was thrown something and fed once in per 2 days, and each feeding volume (fresh weight) is 10%～15% of a polypide gross mass, and stocking density is 3.5～6kg/m
2Polypide, raising temperature are controlled at 24 ℃～30 ℃, and relative moisture is controlled at 60%～75%%, once sieve excrement and handle in per 3～5 days;
(2), rich selenium is raised:
Will in, above the average age for marriage yellow mealworm transfers in the special-purpose rearing-box, feed with wheat bran, added one time wheat bran in per 3 days, each dosage is 15%～20% of a polypide gross mass, every day is with the feed sodium selenite aqueous solution of a 20～40mg/L of the drinking device in the special-purpose rearing-box, scale of feeding is the 60mL/kg polypide, gathers after feeding continuously 15～20 days.
Yellow mealworm has very high healthy nutritive value, also can be used as " carrier " of healthy trace elements with household, and the inorganic states trace element is converted into organic, carries out orientation and quantitatively produces.Because the yellow mealworm polypide is little, be difficult to by routine be suitable for drink water to yellow mealworm than the drinking device that large animal is fed, so existing rich selenium yellow mealworm is raised the purpose that reaches enrichment selenium by interpolation sodium selenite solution in feed.But add sodium selenite solution in feed, make that water content is higher in the feed, cause feed mold easily, bring loss, not only there is feed mold in large-scale farming, also exists spice uneven and influence the problem of the Se content of yellow mealworm.The present invention with yellow mealworm raise according to a conventional method in, be transferred to special-purpose rearing-box after the above the average age for marriage stage and carry out rich selenium and raise, be provided with drinking device in the special-purpose rearing-box casing, drinking device is made up of Y shape groove, the hollow space of Y shape groove is filled with froth bed, the aqueous solution is added to Y shape drill traverse wet foam when feeding water to yellow mealworm, and yellow mealworm can focus on the water supply installation both sides and suck the aqueous solution.The drinking-water that froth bed in the Y shape groove can be avoided adding (the drinking-water volume is that the 60-70% of foam volume can make water be unlikely to drip) drips to casing, and casing can keep dry, and can avoid going mouldy and the problem of incomplete mixing of feed.Every day is with the feed sodium selenite aqueous solution of a 20～40mg/L of the drinking device in the special-purpose rearing-box, fed 15～20 days continuously, the content of trace elements of selenium in the bloom polypide is significantly improved, reach about 16mg/kg, the Se content in the conventional yellow mealworm polypide of raising is high about 15 times.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of rearing-box of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of rearing-box drinking device of the present invention.
Mark among the figure: 1-casing, 2-Y shape groove, the foam-filled layer of 3-.
Embodiment
The present invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with embodiment.But this should be interpreted as that the scope of the above-mentioned theme of the present invention only limits to following embodiment, allly all belong to scope of the present invention based on the technology that content of the present invention realized.
Test example 1
The rich selenium yellow mealworm cultural method of present embodiment comprises the steps:
(1), larva is cultured:
Yellow meal worm larva after will hatching was according to a conventional method raised 60 days, and to middle age grade section, feed is main feed with wheat bran, is auxilliary with fresh vegetables or melon and fruit peel, and major ingredient was thrown in once in per 3～5 days, and each injected volume is 15%～20% of a polypide gross mass; Auxiliary material was thrown something and fed once in per 2 days, and each feeding volume (fresh weight) is 10%～15% of a polypide gross mass.Stocking density is 3.5～6kg/m
2Polypide, raising temperature are controlled at 24 ℃～30 ℃, and relative moisture is controlled at 60%～75%, once sieve excrement and handle in per 3～5 days;
(2), rich selenium is raised:
The middle Yellow meal worm larva in age (average weight 5g/100 head) of raising 60 days is divided into two groups at random, every group of each three case, in the special-purpose rearing-box that has drinking device that a group is transferred to 40cm * 60cm, special-purpose rearing-box as shown in Figure 1, be provided with drinking device in the casing 1, drinking device is made up of the Y shape groove 2 of 3 hollows, and Y shape groove 2 is fixed in the casing 1, and the hollow space of Y shape groove 2 is filled with froth bed 3.Feed with wheat bran, added wheat bran one time in per 3 days, each dosage is 15% of a polypide gross mass, and feed 32mg/L sodium selenite aqueous solution once with special-purpose rearing-box every day, and consumption is the 60mL/kg polypide.The about 16000/m of stocking density
2(0.85kg/ case), temperature are controlled at 24 ℃～27 ℃, shading.Gathered after feeding continuously 20 days.
Comparative Examples 1
Another group is transferred to the interior group in contrast of raising of the rearing-box that drinking device is not set of 40cm * 60cm, and feeds with wheat bran, and being aided with fresh vegetables provides moisture for yellow mealworm.The about 16000/m of stocking density
2, temperature is controlled at 24～27 ℃, and suitably shading, gathers after feeding continuously 20 days.
1 liang of group of the determination test example 1 of sampling respectively after raising finishes and Comparative Examples yellow mealworm polypide Se content.1. sampling method: raise finish after, from test example 1 and Comparative Examples 1, get three parts of Yellow meal worm larva samples (every case portion) at random respectively, every part of 3g, hungry 3 days, make it drain ight soil, scald deadly rapidly with boiling water, under 80 ℃ of conditions, dry levigation; 2. treatments of the sample: from above-mentioned every part of yellow mealworm powder, take by weighing the 0.5000g sample, place the 50mL beaker to add 10mL nitration mixture (nitric acid: perchloric acid=3: 1) on the Low-temp. electrothermal plate, heat, to suitably add nitric acid during this time and be the bright green transparency liquid until solution, continue to be heated near doing, the HCL40mL that adds 3mol/L is in beaker, and heating is 15 minutes in 90 ℃ of water-baths, and+6 valency selenium are reduced to+4 valency selenium, change constant volume in the 50ml volumetric flask over to, dilute 250 times then and be used for measuring; 3. Se content is measured: adopt the hydride atomic absorption spectrophotometry that flows, use the calibration curve standard measure.Instrument is the TAS-II stone mill stove atomic absorption spectrophotometer (the hollow lamp of selenium negative electrode) of Beijing Puxi General Instrument Co., Ltd; Condition of work is wavelength 213.6nm, spectral bandwidth 0.4nm, negative high voltage 405V, lamp current 8mA, flame pattern C
2H
2, gas flow 1500mL/min.Measurement result, three sample polypide Se contents are respectively 15.40mg/kg, 16.66mg/kg and 13.09mg/kg in the test example 1, average 15.05mg/kg, 1 three sample polypides of Comparative Examples Se content is respectively 0.94mg/kg, 0.92mg/kg, 0.88mg/kg, average out to 0.91mg/kg, test example 1 improves 16.54 times than Comparative Examples 1 polypide Se content.
Test example 2
The rich selenium yellow mealworm cultural method of present embodiment comprises the steps:
(1), larva is cultured:
Yellow meal worm larva after will hatching was according to a conventional method raised 70 days, and to the above the average age for marriage stage, feed is main feed with wheat bran, is auxilliary with fresh vegetables or melon and fruit peel, and major ingredient was thrown in once in per 3～5 days, and each injected volume is 15%～20% of a polypide gross mass; Auxiliary material was thrown something and fed once in per 2 days, and each feeding volume (fresh weight) is 10%～15% of a polypide gross mass.Stocking density is 3.5～6kg/m
2Polypide, raising temperature are controlled at 24～30 ℃, and relative moisture is controlled at 60～75% and is advisable, and once sieve excrement and handle in every 3-5 days;
(2), rich selenium is raised:
The above the average age for marriage yellow mealworm of raising 70 days (average weight 6g/100 head) is divided into two groups at random, every group of each three case in the special-purpose rearing-box that has drinking device that a group is transferred to 40cm * 60cm, are fed with wheat bran, added one time wheat bran in per 3 days, each dosage is 15% of a polypide gross mass.Every day, consumption was the 60mL/kg polypide with regularly the feed sodium selenite aqueous solution of a 36mg/L of the drinking device in the special-purpose rearing-box.As shown in Figure 1, be provided with drinking device in the special-purpose rearing-box casing 1, drinking device is made up of the Y shape groove 2 of 3 hollows, and Y shape groove 2 is fixed in the casing 1, and the hollow space of Y shape groove 2 is filled with froth bed 3.The about 16000/m of stocking density
2(0.85kg/ case), temperature are controlled at 24 ℃～27 ℃, and suitably shading.Gathered after feeding continuously 16 days.
Comparative Examples 2
Another group is transferred to the interior group in contrast of raising of the rearing-box that drinking device is not set of 40cm * 60cm, and feeds with wheat bran, and being aided with fresh vegetables provides moisture for yellow mealworm.The about 16000/m of stocking density
2, temperature is controlled at 24 ℃～27 ℃, and suitably shading, gathers after feeding continuously 16 days.
2 liang of groups of the determination test example 2 of sampling respectively after raising finishes and Comparative Examples yellow mealworm polypide Se content.1. sampling method: raise finish after, from test example 2 and Comparative Examples 2, get three parts of Yellow meal worm larva samples (every case portion) at random respectively, every part of 3g, hungry 3 days, make it drain ight soil, scald deadly rapidly with boiling water, under 80 ℃ of conditions, dry levigation; 2. treatments of the sample: from above-mentioned every part of yellow mealworm powder, take by weighing the 0.5000g sample, place the 50mL beaker to add 10mL nitration mixture (nitric acid: perchloric acid=3: 1) on the Low-temp. electrothermal plate, heat, to suitably add nitric acid during this time and be the bright green transparency liquid until solution, continue to be heated near doing, the HCL40mL that adds 3M/L is in beaker, and heating is 15 minutes in 90 ℃ of water-baths, and+6 valency selenium are reduced to+4 valency selenium, change constant volume in the 50mL volumetric flask over to, dilute 250 times then and be used for measuring; 3. Se content is measured: adopt the hydride atomic absorption spectrophotometry that flows, use the calibration curve standard measure.Instrument is the TAS-II stone mill stove atomic absorption spectrophotometer (the hollow lamp of selenium negative electrode) of Beijing Puxi General Instrument Co., Ltd; Condition of work is wavelength 213.6nm, spectral bandwidth 0.4nm, negative high voltage 405V, lamp current 8mA, flame pattern C
2H
2, gas flow 1500mL/min.Testing result shows, 2 three sample polypides of test example Se content is respectively 16.48mg/kg, 17.53mg/kg and 15.99mg/kg, average 16.67mg/kg, 2 three sample polypides of Comparative Examples Se content is respectively 0.92mg/kg, 0.97mg/kg, 0.93mg/kg, average out to 0.94mg/kg, test example 2 improves 17.73 times than Comparative Examples 2 polypide Se contents.
Claims (1)
1. a rich selenium yellow mealworm raising method is characterized in that comprising the steps:
(1), larva is cultured:
According to a conventional method Yellow meal worm larva is raised in, the above the average age for marriage stage, feed is main feed with wheat bran, is auxilliary with fresh vegetables or melon and fruit peel, major ingredient was thrown in once in per 3～5 days, each injected volume is 15%～20% of a polypide gross mass; Auxiliary material was thrown something and fed once in per 2 days, and each feeding volume is the 10-15% of polypide gross mass, and stocking density is 3.5～6kg/m
2Polypide, raising temperature are controlled at 24 ℃～30 ℃, and relative moisture is controlled at 60～75%, once sieve excrement and handle in per 3～5 days;
(2), rich selenium is raised:
Will in, above the average age for marriage yellow mealworm transfers in the special-purpose rearing-box, feed with wheat bran, every day is with the feed sodium selenite aqueous solution of a 20～40mg/L of the drinking device in the special-purpose rearing-box, consumption is the 60mL/kg polypide, gathered after feeding continuously 15～20 days, be provided with drinking device in the casing of described special-purpose rearing-box, drinking device is made up of Y shape groove, and the hollow space of Y shape groove is filled with froth bed.
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| CN103098762B (en) * | 2011-11-15 | 2015-02-11 | 保山学院 | Sterile cultivation method of mealworms |
| CN104969816A (en) * | 2015-06-30 | 2015-10-14 | 山东省慧福康富硒生物科技有限公司 | Method for planting selenium-enriched pears |
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| CN108323623A (en) * | 2018-02-11 | 2018-07-27 | 蒲俊心 | Biological bacteria activity selenium animal nutrient solution |
| CN108541665A (en) * | 2018-03-26 | 2018-09-18 | 广州瑞满园农业科技有限公司 | A kind of cultural method of selenium-rich yellow meal worm |
| CN108849760A (en) * | 2018-07-10 | 2018-11-23 | 广西凌云县金银湾生态养殖专业合作社 | A kind of method for breeding of yellow meal worm |
| CN109496992B (en) * | 2018-12-04 | 2021-05-25 | 湖南袁禾农业科技有限公司 | Production method of super selenium-rich yellow mealworms |
| CN109619265A (en) * | 2019-01-09 | 2019-04-16 | 东北林业大学 | A kind of method of selenium-enriched cordceps militaris edible fungi residue feed preparation |
| CN110999867A (en) * | 2019-12-09 | 2020-04-14 | 浙江金宝生物科技有限公司 | Selenium-rich yellow mealworm circulating culture system |
| CN110973067A (en) * | 2019-12-09 | 2020-04-10 | 浙江金宝生物科技有限公司 | Selenium-rich yellow mealworm breeding and eating method |
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