CN104082197A - High-quality and high-yield breeding method for procambarus clarkii seeds - Google Patents
High-quality and high-yield breeding method for procambarus clarkii seeds Download PDFInfo
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- CN104082197A CN104082197A CN201410270772.7A CN201410270772A CN104082197A CN 104082197 A CN104082197 A CN 104082197A CN 201410270772 A CN201410270772 A CN 201410270772A CN 104082197 A CN104082197 A CN 104082197A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
- Y02A40/818—Alternative feeds for fish, e.g. in aquacultures
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/80—Food processing, e.g. use of renewable energies or variable speed drives in handling, conveying or stacking
- Y02P60/87—Re-use of by-products of food processing for fodder production
Abstract
The invention discloses a high-quality and high-yield breeding method for procambarus clarkii seeds. The method comprises the steps of parent shrimp selection, parent shrimp fortified-breeding, daily management and the like. According to the method, measures such as water temperature management, water quality regulation, feed fortification and ecological environment improvement are taken, so that the synchronous development of gonads of procambarus clarkia is promoted, the synchronous spawning of the procambarus clarkia is induced, and the aims of large-scale breeding and improvement of the seed yield are fulfilled; by reasonable high-quality population preservation and allopatric male and female proportioning, excellent characters of the bred procambarus clarkia are optimized, and a technology suitable for the regional standard breeding of high-quality procambarus clarkia seeds is implemented; the annual yield of 5 acres of procambarus clarkia seed breeding base can reach more than 1,500,000 juvenile prawns in 1-2 cm, and the juvenile prawns can meet the requirements of 100-acre pond breeding.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of Ke Shi crayfish seed good quality and high output mating system, belong to technical field of aquaculture.
Background technology
Ke Shi crayfish, has another name called cray, is the crayfish the widest, cultivation is the most general that distributes in the world.This shrimp delicious, unique flavor, nutritious, high protein, low fat, is rich in calcium, phosphorus, iron etc., has become the ticbit on urban and rural residents' dining table, is day by day subject to domestic and international market favor, one of main aquatic products that Ye Shi China exported goods and earned foreign currency in recent years.The discovery that Ke Shi crayfish is worth, lures that people fish in a large number into, causes wild Ke Shi crayfish resource day by day exhausted.Now increasing raiser starts to propagate artificially Ke Shi crayfish; but because artificial propagation techniques is immature, cause the seedling of cultivation unstable lower with output, supply falls short of demand to make seedling; cannot realize Ke Shi crayfish large-scale cultivation, affect the development of Ke Shi crayfish industry.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to for the deficiencies in the prior art, a kind of Ke Shi crayfish seed good quality and high output mating system is provided, improve the Quality and yield of shrimp seedling, for Ke Shi crayfish large-scale cultivation provides a good technical foundation.
For achieving the above object, the technical solution used in the present invention is as follows:
A kind of Ke Shi crayfish seed good quality and high output mating system, comprises the following steps:
(1) close shrimp is selected
Parent shrimp requires appendage complete, and vivaciously healthy and strong, body colour is bright-coloured, glossy, physique stalwartness, and gonad development is good, body weight 35-50g, the long 7-8.5cm of body;
(2) close shrimp reinforced cultivating
Close shrimp is dropped into the reinforced cultivating carrying out in the cultivation pond of being stamped puggaree 1 month by a definite date, nurturing period regularly sterilizes 2-3 time to cultivating pond with disinfectant, disinfectant consumption is 5-10g/m3, and every day, 17:00 was by the 2-4% of the close shrimp body weight meat grain feed of throwing something and feeding, every day, 19:00 washed by water once to close shrimp, and every 4-6 days changes water once, and each quantity of exchanged water is the 1/3-1/2 of the pond depth of water, after parent shrimp is stable, puts into and breed pond in the ratio of male and female 2-3:1, strengthen daily management;
(3) daily management
1. water quality management
19:00-7:00 increase every day aerator, ensures dissolved oxygen abundance in water body; Change water once to pond 5-7 days every day, and each quantity of exchanged water is the 1/3-1/2 of the pond depth of water;
2. water temperature management
Water temperature 19-31.5 DEG C, day water temperature 19-29.1 DEG C, 24.5 DEG C of average water temperatures;
3. plant disease management
Every 10-15 days with disinfectant to breeding pond disinfection once, disinfectant consumption is 10-15g/m3;
4. pasture and water and cave arrange
Weter hyacinth or water peanut pasture and water are set, and pasture and water area coverage accounts for 2/3 of water body, and during breeding, once, to keep pasture and water area coverages be pond 2/3 in every 3-5 days inspection, goes few benefit more; Asbestos shingle cave is set, and the asbestos shingle of 3 60m × 70m is settled in each pond, and cave height is 5-6cm, and asbestos shingle arrangement mode is sunflower type, and space is left as feeding point in center;
5. the management of throwing something and feeding
Every day the 17:00 meat grain feed of throwing something and feeding, feeding volume accounts for the 3-5% of whole shrimp body weight, each pond adopts 4 fixed points method of throwing something and feeding, asbestos shingle center slot is for a bit, other 3 outer rims that are every block of asbestos shingle, at the bottom of requiring feed pilferage pond.
The preparation method of described disinfectant is as follows: a, take the raw material of following weight portion: rhizome of cyrtomium 2-4, Inula britannica chinensis 1.5-2.5, gall nut 3-5, calamus 1-2, coptis 2-3, leaf of Chinese ilex 1.5-2.5, Herba Andrographitis 2-3, castor bean leaf 2.5-4.5, wolf's milk 1-2, Chinese tallowtree leaf 2-3, pulverized limestone 15-20, the withered powder 10-15 of tea, crab shell powder 5-10; B, get rhizome of cyrtomium, Inula britannica chinensis, gall nut, calamus, the coptis, leaf of Chinese ilex, Herba Andrographitis, castor bean leaf, wolf's milk, Chinese tallowtree leaf and mix, add 5-10 times of water gaging, micro-boiling decocts 1-2h, filter, filter residue adds 4-8 times of water gaging again, and micro-boiling decocts extraction 0.5-1h, filter, be concentrated in right amount, freeze drying powdered, then mixes with pulverized limestone, the withered powder of tea, crab shell powder.
The preparation method of described meat grain feed is as follows: a, take the raw material of following weight portion: flesh of fish 40-60, freshwater mussel meat 30-50, earthworm powder 15-20, snail powder 10-15, soyabean protein powder 5-10, rice wine grain 4-8, residue of monosodium glutamate 3-6, beet pulp 2.5-4.5, limonite 3-5, medical stone 2-4, asafoetide 1-2, Fructus Hordei Germinatus 2-3, stevia rebaudian leaf 3-4, daghestan sweetclover herb 1.5-2.5, dried orange peel 2-3, sorrel 1-2, Chinese hawthorn root 2-3, anise 1.5-2.5, cape jasmine 1-2; B, get limonite and medical stone mixes, the acetum of putting into concentration and be 10-15% soaks 1-2h, filters, and after drying, mixes with rice wine grain, residue of monosodium glutamate, beet pulp, and pulverizing, sieves, stand-by; C, get asafoetide, Fructus Hordei Germinatus, stevia rebaudian leaf, daghestan sweetclover herb, dried orange peel, sorrel, Chinese hawthorn root, anise, cape jasmine and mix and be ground into meal, add 4-6 times of water gaging, 1-2h is extracted in distillation, collects distillate, and centrifugation obtains volatile oil; Then get the dregs of a decoction slow fire boiling twice after distillation, add for the first time 8-12 times of water gaging, add for the second time 5-10 times of water gaging, filter, merge twice filtrate, be concentrated in right amount, the concentrate obtaining and volatile oil are merged, stand-by; D, the flesh of fish and freshwater mussel meat are put into meat grinder and are slightly twisted after, meat mincing are dropped in cutmixer, the mixed liquor that adds again step c to make, cuts and mixes rotten shape, then the powder that earthworm powder, snail powder, soyabean protein powder and step b are made adds in meat gruel and kneads, it is uniformly dispersed, then granulate, 85-95 DEG C of baking 2-3h, every, make meat grain moisture be controlled at 2-4%, be cooled to normal temperature.
Beneficial effect of the present invention:
The present invention, by adopting the measures such as water temperature management, water quality adjustment, feed enhancement, Improvement of Ecological Environment, impels Ke Shi crayfish sexual gland synchronously to grow, and induction Ke Shi crayfish synchronous spawning, reaches biological control, improves the object of seedling output; Reserved and the strange land male and female proportioning by rational high-quality population, the merit of Optimal culture shrimp, forms and is applicable to zonal Ke Shi crayfish high-quality seed standardization raising technology.5 mu of Ke Shi crayfish seed breeding bases can reach abilities more than juvenile prawn 1,500,000 tails of producing 1-2cm per year, and the juvenile prawn producing can meet 100 mu of pond cultures.
Embodiment
A kind of Ke Shi crayfish seed good quality and high output mating system, comprises the following steps:
(1) close shrimp is selected
Parent shrimp requires appendage complete, and vivaciously healthy and strong, body colour is bright-coloured, glossy, physique stalwartness, and gonad development is good, body weight 35-50g, the long 7-8.5cm of body;
(2) close shrimp reinforced cultivating
Close shrimp is dropped into the reinforced cultivating carrying out in the cultivation pond of being stamped puggaree 1 month by a definite date, nurturing period regularly sterilizes 2 times to cultivating pond with disinfectant, disinfectant consumption is 8g/m3, and every day, 17:00 was by 3% of the close shrimp body weight meat grain feed of throwing something and feeding, every day, 19:00 washed by water once to close shrimp, within every 5 days, changed water once, and each quantity of exchanged water is 1/2 of the pond depth of water, after parent shrimp is stable, puts into and breed pond in the ratio of male and female 2:1, strengthen daily management;
(3) daily management
1. water quality management
19:00-7:00 increase every day aerator, ensures dissolved oxygen abundance in water body; Change water once to pond 6 days every days, and each quantity of exchanged water is 1/2 of the pond depth of water;
2. water temperature management
Water temperature 19-31.5 DEG C, day water temperature 19-29.1 DEG C, 24.5 DEG C of average water temperatures;
3. plant disease management
Every 10 days with disinfectant to breeding pond disinfection once, disinfectant consumption is 12g/m3;
4. pasture and water and cave arrange
Weter hyacinth or water peanut pasture and water are set, and pasture and water area coverage accounts for 2/3 of water body, during breeding, within every 4 days, checks once, and to keep pasture and water area coverages be pond 2/3, goes few benefit more; Asbestos shingle cave is set, and the asbestos shingle of 3 60m × 70m is settled in each pond, and cave height is 5cm, and asbestos shingle arrangement mode is sunflower type, and space is left as feeding point in center;
5. the management of throwing something and feeding
Every day the 17:00 meat grain feed of throwing something and feeding, feeding volume accounts for 4% of whole shrimp body weight, each pond adopts 4 fixed points method of throwing something and feeding, asbestos shingle center slot is for a bit, other 3 outer rims that are every block of asbestos shingle, at the bottom of requiring feed pilferage pond.
The preparation method of described disinfectant is as follows: a, take the raw material of following weight portion: rhizome of cyrtomium 3, Inula britannica chinensis 2, gall nut 4, calamus 1.5, the coptis 2.5, leaf of Chinese ilex 2, Herba Andrographitis 2.5, castor bean leaf 3.5, wolf's milk 1.5, Chinese tallowtree leaf 2, pulverized limestone 16, the withered powder 12 of tea, crab shell powder 8; B, get rhizome of cyrtomium, Inula britannica chinensis, gall nut, calamus, the coptis, leaf of Chinese ilex, Herba Andrographitis, castor bean leaf, wolf's milk, Chinese tallowtree leaf and mix, add 8 times of water gagings, micro-boiling decocts 1.5h, filter, filter residue adds 6 times of water gagings again, and micro-boiling decocts extraction 1h, filter, be concentrated in right amount, freeze drying powdered, then mixes with pulverized limestone, the withered powder of tea, crab shell powder.
The preparation method of described meat grain feed is as follows: a, take the raw material of following weight portion: the flesh of fish 50, freshwater mussel meat 40, earthworm powder 15, snail powder 10, soyabean protein powder 7, rice wine grain 5, residue of monosodium glutamate 4, beet pulp 3.5, limonite 4, medical stone 3, asafoetide 1.5, Fructus Hordei Germinatus 2.5, stevia rebaudian leaf 3, daghestan sweetclover herb 2, dried orange peel 2, sorrel 1.5, Chinese hawthorn root 2, anise 2, cape jasmine 1.5; B, get limonite and medical stone mixes, put into concentration and be 15% acetum and soak 1h, filter, after drying, mixes with rice wine grain, residue of monosodium glutamate, beet pulp, pulverizing, sieves, stand-by; C, get asafoetide, Fructus Hordei Germinatus, stevia rebaudian leaf, daghestan sweetclover herb, dried orange peel, sorrel, Chinese hawthorn root, anise, cape jasmine and mix and be ground into meal, add 5 times of water gagings, 1h is extracted in distillation, collects distillate, and centrifugation obtains volatile oil; Then get the dregs of a decoction slow fire boiling twice after distillation, add for the first time 10 times of water gagings, add for the second time 8 times of water gagings, filter, merge twice filtrate, be concentrated in right amount, the concentrate obtaining and volatile oil are merged, stand-by; D, the flesh of fish and freshwater mussel meat are put into meat grinder and are slightly twisted after, meat mincing are dropped in cutmixer, the mixed liquor that adds again step c to make, cuts and mixes rotten shape, then the powder that earthworm powder, snail powder, soyabean protein powder and step b are made adds in meat gruel and kneads, it is uniformly dispersed, then granulate, 90 DEG C of bakings 2, every, make meat grain moisture be controlled at 3%, be cooled to normal temperature.
2012 aquatic products technical advice station, Nian He county aquatic products breeding fields are tested, two groups of test separating tests group and control groups, totally 10 cement pits.Test since on September 8th, 2012, October 14 end of day, totally 36 days.Experimental group has 6 cement pits, breeds according to the inventive method, and control group has 4 cement pits, breeds according to conventional method, and other condition is consistent with experimental group.Result of the test is in table 1.
The table 12005 year female shrimp of artificial induction Procambius clarkii lays eggs and tests knot
As seen from Table 1,6 minimum egg laying rate of red swamp of experimental group are 69.0%, are up to 93.0%, on average 81.0%.4 the highest egg laying rate of red swamp of control group are 42.0%, and minimum is 24.4%, average 30.6%.
Claims (3)
1. a Ke Shi crayfish seed good quality and high output mating system, is characterized in that comprising the following steps:
(1) close shrimp is selected
Parent shrimp requires appendage complete, and vivaciously healthy and strong, body colour is bright-coloured, glossy, physique stalwartness, and gonad development is good, body weight 35-50g, the long 7-8.5cm of body;
(2) close shrimp reinforced cultivating
Close shrimp is dropped into the reinforced cultivating carrying out in the cultivation pond of being stamped puggaree 1 month by a definite date, the nurturing period, disinfectant consumption was 5-10g/m with disinfectant regularly to cultivating pond sterilization 2-3 time
3, and every day 17:00 by the 2-4% of the close shrimp body weight meat grain feed of throwing something and feeding, every day, 19:00 washed by water once to close shrimp, every 4-6 days changes water once, each quantity of exchanged water is the 1/3-1/2 of the pond depth of water, after close shrimp is stable, puts into and breeds pond in the ratio of male and female 2-3:1, strengthens daily management;
(3) daily management
1. water quality management
19:00-7:00 increase every day aerator, ensures dissolved oxygen abundance in water body; Change water once to pond 5-7 days every day, and each quantity of exchanged water is the 1/3-1/2 of the pond depth of water;
2. water temperature management
Water temperature 19-31.5 DEG C, day water temperature 19-29.1 DEG C, 24.5 DEG C of average water temperatures;
3. plant disease management
Every 10-15 days with disinfectant to breeding pond disinfection once, disinfectant consumption is 10-15g/m
3;
4. pasture and water and cave arrange
Weter hyacinth or water peanut pasture and water are set, and pasture and water area coverage accounts for 2/3 of water body, and during breeding, once, to keep pasture and water area coverages be pond 2/3 in every 3-5 days inspection, goes few benefit more; Asbestos shingle cave is set, and the asbestos shingle of 3 60m × 70m is settled in each pond, and cave height is 5-6cm, and asbestos shingle arrangement mode is sunflower type, and space is left as feeding point in center;
5. the management of throwing something and feeding
Every day the 17:00 meat grain feed of throwing something and feeding, feeding volume accounts for the 3-5% of whole shrimp body weight, each pond adopts 4 fixed points method of throwing something and feeding, asbestos shingle center slot is for a bit, other 3 outer rims that are every block of asbestos shingle, at the bottom of requiring feed pilferage pond.
2. Ke Shi crayfish seed good quality and high output mating system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the preparation method of described disinfectant is as follows: a, take the raw material of following weight portion: rhizome of cyrtomium 2-4, Inula britannica chinensis 1.5-2.5, gall nut 3-5, calamus 1-2, coptis 2-3, leaf of Chinese ilex 1.5-2.5, Herba Andrographitis 2-3, castor bean leaf 2.5-4.5, wolf's milk 1-2, Chinese tallowtree leaf 2-3, pulverized limestone 15-20, the withered powder 10-15 of tea, crab shell powder 5-10; B, get rhizome of cyrtomium, Inula britannica chinensis, gall nut, calamus, the coptis, leaf of Chinese ilex, Herba Andrographitis, castor bean leaf, wolf's milk, Chinese tallowtree leaf and mix, add 5-10 times of water gaging, micro-boiling decocts 1-2h, filter, filter residue adds 4-8 times of water gaging again, and micro-boiling decocts extraction 0.5-1h, filter, be concentrated in right amount, freeze drying powdered, then mixes with pulverized limestone, the withered powder of tea, crab shell powder.
3. Ke Shi crayfish seed good quality and high output mating system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the preparation method of described meat grain feed is as follows: a, take the raw material of following weight portion: flesh of fish 40-60, freshwater mussel meat 30-50, earthworm powder 15-20, snail powder 10-15, soyabean protein powder 5-10, rice wine grain 4-8, residue of monosodium glutamate 3-6, beet pulp 2.5-4.5, limonite 3-5, medical stone 2-4, asafoetide 1-2, Fructus Hordei Germinatus 2-3, stevia rebaudian leaf 3-4, daghestan sweetclover herb 1.5-2.5, dried orange peel 2-3, sorrel 1-2, Chinese hawthorn root 2-3, anise 1.5-2.5, cape jasmine 1-2; B, get limonite and medical stone mixes, the acetum of putting into concentration and be 10-15% soaks 1-2h, filters, and after drying, mixes with rice wine grain, residue of monosodium glutamate, beet pulp, and pulverizing, sieves, stand-by; C, get asafoetide, Fructus Hordei Germinatus, stevia rebaudian leaf, daghestan sweetclover herb, dried orange peel, sorrel, Chinese hawthorn root, anise, cape jasmine and mix and be ground into meal, add 4-6 times of water gaging, 1-2h is extracted in distillation, collects distillate, and centrifugation obtains volatile oil; Then get the dregs of a decoction slow fire boiling twice after distillation, add for the first time 8-12 times of water gaging, add for the second time 5-10 times of water gaging, filter, merge twice filtrate, be concentrated in right amount, the concentrate obtaining and volatile oil are merged, stand-by; D, the flesh of fish and freshwater mussel meat are put into meat grinder and are slightly twisted after, meat mincing are dropped in cutmixer, the mixed liquor that adds again step c to make, cuts and mixes rotten shape, then the powder that earthworm powder, snail powder, soyabean protein powder and step b are made adds in meat gruel and kneads, it is uniformly dispersed, then granulate, 85-95 DEG C of baking 2-3h, every, make meat grain moisture be controlled at 2-4%, be cooled to normal temperature.
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Cited By (5)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104872036A (en) * | 2015-06-27 | 2015-09-02 | 华中农业大学 | Method for culturing procambarus clarkia in same pond in three seasons in one year |
| CN107212167A (en) * | 2017-07-25 | 2017-09-29 | 绵阳市农业科学研究院 | Agent for rearing and fattening meat sheep feed and preparation method thereof |
| CN107278576A (en) * | 2017-07-17 | 2017-10-24 | 黄山市多维生物（集团）有限公司 | A kind of plantation aquaculture model in the ecological rice field of multidimensional |
| CN108935255A (en) * | 2018-08-28 | 2018-12-07 | 刘爱民 | The Cultivating techniques of cray seedling |
| CN110537512A (en) * | 2019-09-20 | 2019-12-06 | 江苏省淡水水产研究所 | Method for 'autumn seedling early propagation' of procambarus clarkii |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104872036A (en) * | 2015-06-27 | 2015-09-02 | 华中农业大学 | Method for culturing procambarus clarkia in same pond in three seasons in one year |
| CN107278576A (en) * | 2017-07-17 | 2017-10-24 | 黄山市多维生物（集团）有限公司 | A kind of plantation aquaculture model in the ecological rice field of multidimensional |
| CN107212167A (en) * | 2017-07-25 | 2017-09-29 | 绵阳市农业科学研究院 | Agent for rearing and fattening meat sheep feed and preparation method thereof |
| CN108935255A (en) * | 2018-08-28 | 2018-12-07 | 刘爱民 | The Cultivating techniques of cray seedling |
| CN110537512A (en) * | 2019-09-20 | 2019-12-06 | 江苏省淡水水产研究所 | Method for 'autumn seedling early propagation' of procambarus clarkii |
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| CN104082197B (en) | 2016-03-02 |
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