CN101668645B - 低透气性叠层体和使用该低透气性叠层体的充气轮胎 - Google Patents

低透气性叠层体和使用该低透气性叠层体的充气轮胎 Download PDF

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CN101668645B
CN101668645B CN2008800139869A CN200880013986A CN101668645B CN 101668645 B CN101668645 B CN 101668645B CN 2008800139869 A CN2008800139869 A CN 2008800139869A CN 200880013986 A CN200880013986 A CN 200880013986A CN 101668645 B CN101668645 B CN 101668645B
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师冈直之
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种可进行长时间成型加工的低透气性叠层体和使用该低透气性叠层体而成的充气轮胎,所述低透气性叠层体是将热塑性树脂组合物层(A)和至少一层的橡胶组合物层(B)贴合而成的、至少一层的橡胶组合物层厚度εB/热塑性树脂组合物层厚度εA的比值(εBA)为10以上的叠层体在130℃~210℃的温度范围内热处理而成的,所述热塑性树脂组合物层中含有(i)乙烯含量为20~50摩尔%且皂化度为90%以上的乙烯/乙烯醇共聚物50~90重量%、(ii)含有90摩尔%以上的来自ε-己内酰胺的成分的脂肪族聚酰胺树脂50~10重量%、和(iii)相对于成分(i)和成分(ii)的合计量100重量份为3~50重量份的磺酰胺系增塑剂。

Description

低透气性叠层体和使用该低透气性叠层体的充气轮胎
技术领域
本发明涉及低透气性叠层体和使用该低透气性叠层体的充气轮胎,更详细地,涉及使用了乙烯/乙烯醇共聚物(EVOH)的低透气性叠层体和使用该叠层体的充气轮胎。
背景技术
乙烯/乙烯醇共聚物(EVOH)与聚酰胺相容性好,可以同时具有EVOH的气体阻挡性和耐热性、韧性、耐冲击性等(参照专利文献1)。但在混炼和成型中EVOH和聚酰胺会进行反应,在成型物中产生粒子,或反应生成的凝胶附着在成型用口模上,由于产生这些问题而使长时间的运行成型性变得困难。另外,由于EVOH和聚酰胺反应,所以EVOH的结晶性(晶化度)降低,出现EVOH的气体阻挡性大幅降低的问题。
为了改善长期运行成型性,专利文献2中记载了配合有机酸的方法,专利文献3中记载了配合2种碱土金属盐的方法,专利文献4中记载了使用末端被二胺化合物和羧酸改性的聚酰胺系树脂组合物的方法。进而,在专利文献5中提出了配合硼酸化合物、乙酸盐等金属化合物的方法,在专利文献6中提出了由2层EVOH和聚酰胺系树脂构成中间层的树脂组合物。
但本发明人等对上述各公开技术进行深入研究,结果发现在同时具有耐热性和长期运行成型性方面尚不充分,还期待进一步改善的树脂组合物。
专利文献1:特开昭58-129035号公报
专利文献2:特开平4-304253号公报
专利文献3:特开平7-97491号公报
专利文献4:特开平8-259756号公报
专利文献5:特开平4-13237号公报
专利文献6:特开平6-23924号公报
发明内容
所以,本发明的目的在于得到一种叠层体,其克服了上述现有技术的问题,有效抑制了EVOH和聚酰胺反应,可长时间成型加工,同时具有耐热性和优异的气体阻挡性。
根据本发明提供了一种低透气性叠层体,是将将热塑性树脂组合物层(A)和至少一层的橡胶组合物层(B)贴合而成的、(B)层厚度εB/(A)层厚度εA的比值(εBA)为10以上的叠层体在130℃~210℃的温度范围内热处理而成的,所述(A)层中含有(i)乙烯含量为20~50摩尔%且皂化度为90%以上的乙烯/乙烯醇共聚物50~90重量%、(ii)含有90摩尔%以上的来自ε-己内酰胺的成分的脂肪族聚酰胺树脂50~10重量%、和(iii)相对于成分(i)和成分(ii)的合计量100重量份为3~50重量份的磺酰胺系增塑剂。本发明还提供了使用该低透气性叠层体而成的充气轮胎。
根据本发明,在乙烯/乙烯醇共聚物(EVOH)和聚酰胺(PA)的混合物中进一步混合相对于混合物的合计量100重量份为5~50重量份的磺酰胺系增塑剂,所得的热塑性树脂组合物可以有效抑制EVOH/PA的反应,由此可以进行长时间成型加工,并且通过对与橡胶组合物层叠而成的叠层体在130~210℃的温度下进行热处理,可以使磺酰胺系增塑剂进入到橡胶组合物层中,结果与没有配合增塑剂的EVOH/PA相比,可以得到气体阻挡性优异的叠层体。这种叠层体可以有效用作轮胎的内衬层等。
具体实施方式
本发明者们为了解决上述课题而进行研究,结果发现通过在EVOH和PA混合物中进一步配合特定量的磺酰胺系增塑剂,所得的热塑性树脂组合物可以有效抑制EVOH/PA的反应,可进行长时间加工。另外还发现,该热塑性树脂组合物与橡胶组合物叠层而成的叠层体通过在130℃~210℃的温度下进行热处理,可以使磺酰胺系增塑剂进入到橡胶组合物层中,结果与没有配合磺酰胺系增塑剂的EVOH/PA相比,可以得到优异的气体阻挡性,该叠层体可以有效用于轮胎的内衬层等中。
根据本发明,提供了一种低透气性叠层体,是将热塑性树脂组合物层(A)和至少一层的橡胶组合物层(B)贴合而成的、(B)层厚度εB/(A)层厚度εA的比值(εBA)为10以上、优选为15以上的叠层体在130℃~210℃、优选在150℃~210℃的温度范围内热处理而成的,所述热塑性树脂组合物层(A)中配合有(i)乙烯含量为20~50摩尔%、优选为20~40摩尔%且皂化度为90%以上、优选位99%以上的乙烯/乙烯醇共聚物(EVOH)50~90重量%、优选为60~80重量%,(ii)含有90摩尔%以上优选为95~100摩尔%的来自ε-己内酰胺的成分的脂肪族聚酰胺树脂50~10重量%、优选为40~20重量%,和(iii)向对于成分(i)和成分(ii)的合计量100重量份为3~50重量份、优选为5~20重量份的磺酰胺系增塑剂。
作为上述脂肪族聚酰胺树脂(A)(ii),可以使用尼龙6和/或含有90摩尔%以上的来自ε-己内酰胺的成分的尼龙6.66、尼龙6.12和尼龙6.66.12、尼龙610等的单独尼龙或者它们的任意混合物。作为上述脂肪族聚酰胺树脂(A)(ii),可以单独使用用下面的方法制作的改性脂肪族聚酰胺树脂,或者将其与前述的脂肪族聚酰胺树脂作为任意的混合物使用。
改性脂肪族聚酰胺树脂,是通过相对于脂肪族聚酰胺均匀分散0.5~15重量%、优选为1.0~5.0重量%的特定粘土矿物,将它们复合化而制造。对将粘土矿物分散在聚酰胺中的方法没有特殊限定,可以列举出与溶胀化剂接触使层间距扩大,使单体进入层间并聚合的方法,或者熔融混合的方法。用于对脂肪族聚酰胺改性的粘土矿物是层状粘土矿物,作为该层状粘土矿物没有特殊限定,具体可以列举出蒙脱石、贝得石(beidellite)、皂石、水辉石等蒙脱石(Smectite)类;高岭土、埃洛石(Halloysite)等高岭土类;双八面体型蛭石、三八面体型蛭石等蛭石类;带云母、四硅氟云母(tetrasilicicmica)、白云母、伊利石、绢云母、黑云母、金云母等云母等。
对上述磺酰胺系增塑剂(A)(iii)没有特殊限定,作为优选例可以使用N-烷基苯磺酰胺、N-烷基对甲苯磺酰胺、和/或对甲苯磺酰胺等。如果磺酰胺系增塑剂的配合量少,则EVOH和聚酰胺会进行反应,不能进行长时间运行成型,另外EVOH的结晶性降低,气体阻挡性恶化,所以不优选,而如果多,则磺酰胺系增塑剂在表面逐渐析出,所以不优选。
作为构成橡胶组合物层(B)的橡胶成分可以列举出例如丁基橡胶、卤化丁基橡胶、卤化对烷基苯乙烯丁烯共聚物橡胶、乙丙橡胶、三元乙丙橡胶、丁苯橡胶、丁腈橡胶、天然橡胶、异戊二烯橡胶和聚丁二烯橡胶等,它们可以单独或作为任意的混合物使用。
在构成上述橡胶组合物层(B)的橡胶组合物中,除了上述橡胶成分以外还可以配合碳黑、二氧化硅等其它增强剂(填料)、硫化或交联剂、硫化或交联助剂、各种油、抗老化剂、增塑剂等在轮胎用途和其它橡胶组合物用途中一般配合的各种添加剂,该添加剂可以用一般的方法混炼制成组合物,用于硫化或交联。这些添加剂的配合量,只要不违反本发明的目的,可以采用以往一般的配合量。
实施例
以下,通过实施例进一步说明本发明,但不言而喻,本发明的范围不受这些实施例限制。
表I示出了下面的例子中使用的材料A(i)、A(ii)和A(iii),表II示出了构成橡胶组合物(B)的配合。
表I
Figure G2008800139869D00051
表II:橡胶组合物(B)的配合
  重量份表示   G1   G2   G3
  天然橡胶乳液聚合SBR卤化丁基橡胶EPDM丁二烯橡胶炭黑芳香油溴化酚树脂氧化锌硬脂酸   204040--6015521   -305020-6015521   -4040-206015521
表2注解
天然橡胶:PT.NUSIRA SIR20
乳液聚合SBR:日本ゼォン株式会社NIPOL 1502
卤化丁基橡胶:ェクソンモ一ビルケミカルズExxon BromoButyl2255
EPDM:住友化学工业株式会社ェスプレン505A
丁二烯橡胶:日本ゼォン株式会社NIPOL BR1220
炭黑:东海カ一ボン株式会社シ一スト9M
芳香油:昭和シェル石油株式会社デゾレックス3号
溴化酚树脂:田冈化学工业株式会社タッガロ一ル250-1
氧化锌:正同化学工业株式会社氧化锌3种
硬脂酸:日本油脂株式会社ビ一ズステァリン酸YR
橡胶组合物层(B)样品的调制
将表II所示配合中的除了硫化促进剂和硫以外的其它成分在16升的密闭型混合机中混炼5分钟,在达到140℃时放出得到母炼胶。将该母炼胶用开放式辊与硫化促进剂和硫混炼,得到橡胶组合物。
叠层体物性评价试验法
η评价用热塑性树脂组合物制作方法
对于表III所示的热塑性树脂组合物,关于含有磺酰胺系增塑剂的例子,先将脂肪族聚酰胺树脂和磺酰胺系增塑剂用双螺杆混炼机(TEX44,日本制铁所制)在料筒温度240℃下熔融混炼。然后将配合有EVOH颗粒和增塑剂的脂肪族聚酰胺树脂干式混合,使用单螺杆挤出机在250℃下熔融混合,从而制作出η评价用热塑性树脂组合物。
η的评价
使用流动特性试验机ガャピログラフ(东洋精机株式会社制),在温度250℃、剪切速度122/秒的条件下测定滞留60分钟后的粘度η60min、滞留30分钟后的粘度η30min和滞留5分钟后的粘度η5min,求出熔融粘度比η30min/η5min、和η60min/η5min。结果示于表III中。
长时间成型性(时间)
向带有T型模的单轴挤出机中加入树脂颗粒,在挤出机温度240℃、口模温度250℃的条件下连续进行树脂的膜成型。计测膜上出现粒子的时间,将出现的时间作为长时间成型时间。将长时间成型时间为3小时以上的记作○,将小于3小时的记作×。另外,将可以连续成型12小时以上的情况中止。结果示于表III中。
热压处理后的透气度
将厚8μm的热塑性树脂组合物(A)的膜与橡胶组合物(B)叠层,测定热处理后的透气度。透气度是基于JIS K7126,在实验气体:空气(O2∶N2=20∶80)、试验温度30℃的条件下测定的。结果示于表III中。
Figure G2008800139869D00081
Figure G2008800139869D00091
比较例1
将EVOH颗粒和尼龙6颗粒以70/30(重量/重量)的比例进行干式混合,加入到带有T型模的单螺杆挤出机中,在挤出机温度240℃、口模温度250℃的条件下连续成型膜。长时间成型性为15分钟。
比较例2
将EVOH颗粒和预先配合了磺酰胺系增塑剂的脂肪族聚酰胺树脂颗粒进行干式混合,加入到带有T型模的单螺杆挤出机中,在挤出机温度240℃、口模温度250℃的条件下连续成型膜。长时间成型性为45分钟。
实施例1~6
将EVOH颗粒和预先配合了磺酰胺系增塑剂的脂肪族聚酰胺树脂颗粒进行干式混合,加入到带有T型模的单螺杆挤出机中,在挤出机温度240℃、口模温度250℃的条件下连续成型膜。这些组合物可以连续成型12小时以上。另外,与橡胶组合物(B)叠层并热处理过的叠层体,与没有配合BM-4的比较例1相比,具有低透气度。
比较例3
将EVOH颗粒和预先配合了磺酰胺系增塑剂的脂肪族聚酰胺树脂颗粒进行干式混合,加入到带有T型模的单螺杆挤出机中,在挤出机温度240℃、口模温度250℃的条件下连续成型膜。与橡胶组合物(B)叠层并热处理,由于热处理时的热处理温度低,所以热处理后的透气度与比较例1相比,具有高透气度。
比较例5
将EVOH颗粒和预先配合了磺酰胺系增塑剂的脂肪族聚酰胺树脂颗粒进行干式混合,加入到带有T型模的单螺杆挤出机中,在挤出机温度240℃、口模温度250℃的条件下连续成型膜。与橡胶组合物(B)叠层并热处理时橡胶组合物(B)层厚度/热塑性树脂组合物(A)的层厚度小于10,所以与比较例1相比,具有高透气度。
比较例6
将EVOH颗粒和预先配合了磺酰胺系增塑剂的脂肪族聚酰胺树脂颗粒进行干式混合,加入到带有T型模的单螺杆挤出机中,在挤出机温度240℃、口模温度250℃的条件下连续成型膜。不与橡胶组合物(B)叠层,与厚1mm的铁片叠层并热处理。热处理后的透气度与比较例1相比,具有高透气度。
比较例7
将EVOH颗粒和脂肪族聚酰胺树脂颗粒进行干式混合,加入到带有T型模的单螺杆挤出机中,在挤出机温度240℃、口模温度250℃的条件下连续成型膜。长期运行成型时间为15分钟。
实施例7~13
将EVOH颗粒和预先配合了磺酰胺系增塑剂的脂肪族聚酰胺树脂颗粒进行干式混合,加入到带有T型模的单螺杆挤出机中,在挤出机温度240℃、口模温度250℃的条件下连续成型膜。这些组合物可以连续成型12小时。另外,与橡胶组合物(B)叠层并热处理过的叠层体,与没有配合磺酰胺系增塑剂的比较例7相比,具有低透气度。
实施例14~15
将EVOH颗粒和预先配合了磺酰胺系增塑剂的2重量%蒙脱石改性聚酰胺树脂颗粒进行干式混合,加入到带有T型模的单螺杆挤出机中,在挤出机温度240℃、口模温度250℃的条件下连续成型膜。这些组合物可以连续成型12小时。另外,与实施例7~13相比,η30min5min基本相同,η60min5min显示出较接近实施例7~13的值,显示出更优异的长时间成型性。
工业实用性
根据本发明,通过在EVOH和脂肪族聚酰胺混合物中进一步配合特定量的磺酰胺系增塑剂,可以有效抑制EVOH/脂肪酸聚酰胺的反应,可长时间进行成型加工,并且与橡胶组合物叠层而成的叠层体通过在130~210℃下进行热处理,可以使磺酰胺系增塑剂进入到橡胶组合物层中,结果与没有配合增塑剂的EVOH/脂肪酸聚酰胺相比,可以得到优异的气体阻挡性,可以有效用作例如轮胎的内衬层等。

Claims (9)

1.一种低透气性叠层体,是将热塑性树脂组合物层(A)和至少一层的橡胶组合物层(B)贴合而成的、至少一层的橡胶组合物层厚度εB/热塑性树脂组合物层厚度εA的比值(εBA)为10以上的叠层体在130℃~210℃的温度范围内热处理而成的,所述热塑性树脂组合物层中含有(i)乙烯含量为20~50摩尔%且皂化度为90%以上的乙烯/乙烯醇共聚物50~90重量%、(ii)含有90摩尔%以上的来自ε-己内酰胺的成分的脂肪族聚酰胺树脂50~10重量%、和(iii)相对于成分(i)和成分(ii)的合计量100重量份为3~50重量份的磺酰胺系增塑剂。
2.根据权利要求1所述的叠层体,所述增塑剂是选自N-烷基苯磺酰胺、N-烷基对甲苯磺酰胺、和对甲苯磺酰胺中的至少一种增塑剂。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的叠层体,所述脂肪族聚酰胺树脂是尼龙6。
4.根据权利要求1或2所述的叠层体,所述脂肪族聚酰胺树脂是含有90摩尔%以上的来自ε-己内酰胺的成分的尼龙6.66、尼龙6.12和尼龙6.66.12中的至少一种。
5.根据权利要求1或2所述的叠层体,所述脂肪族聚酰胺树脂是尼龙6与下述物质的混合物,所述物质是含有90摩尔%以上的来自ε-己内酰胺的成分的尼龙6.66、尼龙6.12和尼龙6.66.12中的至少一种。
6.根据权利要求1或2所述的叠层体,所述脂肪族聚酰胺树脂是被相对于脂肪族聚酰胺为0.5~15重量%的粘土矿物改性的改性脂肪族聚酰胺树脂。
7.根据权利要求1或2所述的叠层体,所述橡胶组合物层(B)的橡胶成分是丁基橡胶、卤化丁基橡胶、卤化对烷基苯乙烯丁烯共聚物橡胶、乙丙橡胶、三元乙丙橡胶、丁苯橡胶、丁腈橡胶、天然橡胶、异戊二烯橡胶和丁二烯橡胶中的至少一种。
8.一种充气轮胎,使用了权利要求1~7的任一项所述的叠层体。
9.一种充气轮胎,使用了权利要求1~7的任一项所述的叠层体作为内衬层。
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