CN101638565B - 用于结合印版的压敏胶带 - Google Patents
用于结合印版的压敏胶带 Download PDFInfo
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- CN101638565B CN101638565B CN2009101391815A CN200910139181A CN101638565B CN 101638565 B CN101638565 B CN 101638565B CN 2009101391815 A CN2009101391815 A CN 2009101391815A CN 200910139181 A CN200910139181 A CN 200910139181A CN 101638565 B CN101638565 B CN 101638565B
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- adhesive tape
- sensitive adhesive
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- psa
- forme
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Abstract
用于制备交联的压敏粘合剂的组合物,包括:A.包含A1)和A2)的压敏粘合剂:A1).基于a)和b)的60%~90%重量的聚合物组分,a)5%~25%重量(基于所述聚合物组分)的一种或多种具有至少一个烯属不饱和键的化合物,各自选择该单体使得相应均聚物的玻璃化转变温度Tg为至少0℃,所述具有至少一个烯属不饱和键的化合物中的一些还具有至少一个羧基,b)75%~95%重量(基于所述聚合物组分)的丙烯酸酯和/或甲基丙烯酸酯,其各自经选择使得相应均聚物的玻璃化转变温度Tg不大于-20℃;A2).10%~40%重量的至少一种其软化点为至少100℃的树脂组分;和B.至少一种双官能或多官能交联剂,其中V=nz/nP的值为1.5~2.5。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及制备压敏粘合剂(PSA)的组合物,相应的PSA,和配置有该PSA的双面胶带,更具体地旨在用于印版的结合,所述PSA在极性表面上具有非常低的剥离增加(peel increase)水平,易于重新定位,以及与印刷辊筒(printing cylinder)结合之后,印版、固定版的胶带/印版组装件表现出低的边缘上翘(edge lifting)水平。
背景技术
在印刷产业中,已知有大量技术用于将图案例如通过印刷原件转印到纸上。一种可行的方法称为柔性版印刷。柔性版印刷的一种实施方式进而使用具有柔性下部结构(substructure)的多层光聚合物印版,这类印刷在相当一段时间已经成为现有技术的一部分。这些印版由多层各自具有特定功能的不同聚合物材料构成。例如,来自Flint Group公司的“Nyloflex ACE”印版具有至少两层,即光敏缓冲层(relief layer)和它下面的稳定化膜。
在柔性版印刷法中,柔性印版和印刷辊筒结合。这种粘结通常使用双面压敏胶带(PSA带)进行,对该胶带的有非常严格的要求。对于该印刷法,要求PSA带不仅具有一定硬度,而且还具有一定弹性。这些性质必须非常精确地设定,从而得到的印刷图像产生符合要求的期望的结果。对PSA还有一些其它严格的要求,其中结合强度必须同样足够高,以至于印版不与双面PSA带分开,或者PSA带不与辊筒分开。即使在40~60℃的高温和相对高的印刷速度下也必须如此。然而,除了该性质之外,还要求PSA具有可逆的粘合性质,因为常常需要结合印版,然后将它们再次分开以便重新定位。即使对于相当长时间(高达6个月)的粘结,这种可分开能力也应该存在。另外,希望PSA带尤其与印版可以不将其破坏地再次移去,即无需施加大的力,因为通常印版是多次使用的。此外,在印版或辊筒上应该没有残留物。总之,对适合该应用的双面PSA带有非常严格的要求。
US 4,380,956A描述了用于固定柔性版印刷法的印版的方法。该方法也使用PSA,但没有进行任何更详细的说明。
GB 1,533,431要求保护一种包括弹性体层的双面PSA带,所述弹性体层又通过易破的空气泡发泡。在柔性版印刷应用中该空气泡在压力下被破坏。
US 4,574,697A要求保护一种双面PSA带,包括作为其载体材料固定到PET(聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯)膜的柔性聚氨酯泡沫。外层由PSA构成。据说所述PSA带为可逆的并且可以从印刷辊筒和印版移除。在EP0 206 760 A中描述了类似的产品结构。此处所用的柔性泡沫载体为聚乙烯泡沫。
类似于US 4,574,697A,US 4,574,712A描述了相似的PSA带结构。此处对PSA有限制,从而使得与印版和与印刷辊筒的结合强度应低于与载体膜和与载体泡沫的结合强度。
US 3,983,287A描述了一种层合体,它的载体材料包括不可压缩的弹性体。可压缩性是通过在压力下被破坏并因此产生弹性的珠粒获得的。
US 5,613,942A描述了特别适合在湿表面上结合的PSA带。另外据说该PSA带适于结合印版。
US 5,476,712A同样描述了用于柔性版印刷法中的双面PSA带。该PSA带进而包括热塑性弹性体,在这种情况存在的结构是通过微粒膨胀产生的多孔结构(cellular structure)。
EP 1 590 383 A描述了用于结合印版的PSA带和制备它们的方法。该发明涉及PSA带和制备用于结合印版的PSA的方法,所述PSA在极性表面上具有非常低的剥离增加水平,易于重新定位,据说与印刷辊筒结合之后,所述印版、固定该版的带/印版组装件表现出很小的边缘上翘。
在上面提到的例子中,使用了大量不同的PSA。天然橡胶粘合剂在室温具有良好的粘性但剪切强度不大,并且由于在聚合物中存在的双键发生降解而老化。
SIS-类或SEBS-类PSA通常非常软而粘并且往往还在高温下软化。如果使用SIS或SEBS PSA在张力下将印版和印刷辊筒相结合,则印版往往分开,虽然实际上结合强度很高。
与之对照的,丙烯酸酯PSA更适合用于印版和印刷辊筒的结合,但必须在涂布操作之后在制备过程中进行交联。而且,由于大量酯基和产生的极性,这些PSA倾向于具有高水平的剥离增加。
结果,只有施加非常高的力才可以移除印版。另外,PSA必须具有一定的硬度,从而该印版在与印刷辊筒结合之后长时间不易发生边缘上翘。
边缘上翘的现象是实际上所有现有市售印版粘带已知存在的问题,且起因于柔性印版在与印刷辊筒的结合操作之后-和不可避免地存在的变形-表现恢复至平坦面的倾向的事实。边缘上翘的倾向取决于一些参数,包括辊筒直径,印版的厚度和特性,印版边缘的存在,该印版边缘不用于印刷(并且其在此情况下是较薄的并表现出较低的恢复力);取决于在所述版边缘的印刷设计(如果印版在整个区域上印刷,则它通常具有最高恢复力);取决于固定到辊筒之前印版背面的清洁度(cleaning);取决于在结合过程中施加到印版的压力,以及取决于其它参数。
在同时使用两块或更多块印版时,对印版之间的间隙(通常是无缝结合)的要求变得更高,特别在将要制备其中看不到过渡变化的大规格印刷品时。柔性版印刷(即,使用印版的印刷)与诸如凹版印刷的其它方法的竞争加剧,因此前述要求变得更为重要。除了间隙必须更小(对于印刷图像更加不明显)的事实之外,还不再存在留下非印刷边缘的可能性。
印刷机试图通过采用两个或更多个工序(workstep)实施印刷过程来克服现有的这些问题,但这带来了相当的不便和额外的成本。
发明内容
因此,本发明的目的是提供特别适合用于结合柔性印版的压敏粘合剂,还提供其特征在于该压敏粘合剂的压敏胶带,从而当使用该压敏胶带将柔性印版结合于印刷辊筒时,甚至在稍高温度长期储存之后,也不存在边缘上翘或者至少大大减少边缘上翘。
令本领域技术人员感到惊讶且不可预料的是,该目的通过一种压敏粘合剂得以实现,该压敏粘合剂可由以下所述的组合物获得。本发明还包括这种类型的压敏粘合剂,以这种类型的压敏粘合剂为特征的压敏胶带,本发明的拓展,还有本发明的压敏粘合剂用于所列目的使用的胶带的用途。
附图说明:
图1示意了本发明PSA带的结构。
图2是测量边缘上翘的示意图。
具体实施方式
因此,本发明提供了用于制备交联的压敏粘合剂的组合物,包括:
A.压敏粘合剂,包括:
A1).60%~90%重量的聚合物组分,基于
a)5%~25%重量(基于所述聚合物组分)的一种或多种具有至少一个烯属不饱和键的化合物,选择各单体使得相应均聚物的玻璃化转变温度Tg为至少0℃,所述具有至少一个烯属不饱和键的化合物中的一些还具有至少一个羧基,
b)75%~95%重量(基于所述聚合物组分)的丙烯酸酯和/或甲基丙烯酸酯,其各自经选择使得相应均聚物的玻璃化转变温度Tg不大于-20℃;
A2).10%~40%重量的至少一种软化点为至少100℃的树脂组分,和
B.至少一种双官能交联剂或更多官能的交联剂,所述至少一种交联剂存在的量使得交联剂的交联活化中心的量nz和聚合物组分A1的大分子的理论量nP的化学量比V=nz/nP的值为1.5~2.5,
所述交联剂的交联活化中心的量nz由交联剂的质量mv除以交联剂的摩尔质量Mv,再乘以每个交联剂分子的交联活性中心的数量f得到,即nz=f·mv/Mv,
以及聚合物组分A1的大分子的理论量nP由压敏粘合剂中聚合物组分的质量mp除以该组分的数均摩尔质量Mn,P得到,即np=mp/Mn,P。
所选择的交联剂更具体地为能够构造共价键、离子键或配位键的那些化合物。在一种非常优选的方案中,可以形成所述键而无需供给光化学辐射。在反应性交联剂的情形中,交联剂的官能度是指在交联条件下能够导致与聚合物分子形成共价键的官能团(例如,异氰酸酯中的NCO基团)的数目f。在基于金属螯合物(例如,具有三个配位点的乙酰丙酮铝(III))的交联剂的情况中,数目f理解为指可利用的配位点,通过该配位点,在交联条件下,一个至多个特定的配位键可以构造至聚合物分子。
玻璃化转变温度记录为由准稳态法,例如差示扫描量热法(DSC)得到的结果。
以类似于DIN EN 1427:2007的方式记录软化点,不同之处是考察树脂而不是沥青;对于大于150℃的软化温度,类似地采用该规范中的步骤8.1b)。
本发明组合物的交联产生特别适合用于将柔性印版和印刷辊筒或印刷套筒相结合的PSA,具体地,将所述PSA配备用于该应用的双面胶带的至少一面。此时优选交联应进行至交联剂完全转化,特别是进行至交联剂转化率为至少80%,更优选进行至交联剂转化率为至少90%。
根据本发明,特别适合的交联剂(组分B)是金属螯合物,例如,更具体地为铝或钛的螯合物、多官能异氰酸酯、多官能胺、多官能醇或多官能环氧化物。
如下通过聚合物组分的初始质量mP和它的数均摩尔质量Mn,P,将相应值的定义代入后给出有利使用的交联剂的初始质量mv:
交联PSA的交联密度良好近似于相应于聚合物组分每个大分子平均1.5~2.5交联位点的密度,特别在交联反应进行直到基本上完全转化时。
根据本发明,还可以使用两种或更多种交联剂。如果使用两种或更多种交联剂,特别是具有不同官能度的交联剂,则必须采用以上给出的比率V的定义:
V=nz/nP,其中nz为全部交联剂的交联活化中心总计得到的化学量:
nz=f1·mv1/Mv,1+f2·mv2/Mv,2…
其中下标1表示第一交联剂的值,2表示第二交联剂的值,等等。
作为单体,在组分A1)a)的意义上具有至少一个烯属不饱和键,对其进行选择使得相应均聚物的玻璃化转变温度Tg为至少0℃,在该组分的意义上,可以特别使用具有乙烯基类官能团的所有化合物,其可与组分A1)b)共聚并满足相应的玻璃化转变温度的条件;特别是它们还可以用于调节所得的PSA的性能。
例举的用于组分A1)a)的单体如下:
丙烯酸甲酯,丙烯酸乙酯,丙烯酸丙酯,甲基丙烯酸甲酯,甲基丙烯酸乙酯,丙烯酸苄酯,甲基丙烯酸苄酯,丙烯酸仲丁酯,丙烯酸叔丁酯,丙烯酸苯酯,甲基丙烯酸苯酯,丙烯酸异冰片酯,甲基丙烯酸异冰片酯,丙烯酸叔丁基苯酯,甲基丙烯酸叔丁基苯酯,甲基丙烯酸十二烷基酯,丙烯酸异癸基酯,丙烯酸月桂基酯,丙烯酸正十一烷基酯,丙烯酸硬脂基酯,丙烯酸十三烷基酯,丙烯酸二十二烷基酯,甲基丙烯酸环己酯,甲基丙烯酸环戊酯,丙烯酸苯氧基乙酯,甲基丙烯酸苯氧基乙酯,甲基丙烯酸2-丁氧基乙酯,丙烯酸2-丁氧基乙酯,丙烯酸3,3,5-三甲基-环己酯,丙烯酸3,5-二甲基金刚烷酯,甲基丙烯酸4-枯基苯酯,丙烯酸氰基乙酯,甲基丙烯酸氰基乙酯,4-联苯基丙烯酸酯,4-联苯基甲基丙烯酸酯,2-萘基丙烯酸酯,2-萘基甲基丙烯酸酯,四氢糠基丙烯酸酯,二乙基氨基乙基丙烯酸酯,二乙基氨基乙基甲基丙烯酸酯,二甲基氨基乙基丙烯酸酯,二甲基氨基乙基甲基丙烯酸酯,2-丁氧基乙基丙烯酸酯,2-丁氧基乙基甲基丙烯酸酯,3-甲氧基丙烯酸甲酯,3-甲氧基丁基丙烯酸酯,苯氧基乙基丙烯酸酯,苯氧基乙基甲基丙烯酸酯,2-苯氧基乙基甲基丙烯酸酯,丁基二甘醇甲基丙烯酸酯,乙二醇丙烯酸酯,乙二醇单甲基丙烯酸酯,甲氧基聚乙二醇甲基丙烯酸酯350,甲氧基聚乙二醇甲基丙烯酸酯500,丙二醇单甲基丙烯酸酯,丁氧基一缩二乙二醇甲基丙烯酸酯,乙氧基二缩三乙二醇甲基丙烯酸酯,八氟戊基丙烯酸酯,八氟戊基甲基丙烯酸酯,2,2,2-三氟乙基甲基丙烯酸酯,1,1,1,3,3,3-六氟异丙基丙烯酸酯,1,1,1,3,3,3-六氟异丙基甲基丙烯酸酯,2,2,3,3,3-五氟丙基甲基丙烯酸酯,2,2,3,4,4,4-六氟丁基甲基丙烯酸酯,2,2,3,3,4,4,4-七氟丁基丙烯酸酯,2,2,3,3,4,4,4-七氟丁基甲基丙烯酸酯,2,2,3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6,7,7,8,8,8-十五氟辛基甲基丙烯酸酯,二甲基氨基丙基丙烯酰胺,二甲基氨基丙基甲基丙烯酰胺,N-(1-甲基十一烷基)丙烯酰胺,N-(正丁氧基甲基)丙烯酰胺,N-(丁氧基甲基)甲基丙烯酰胺,N-(乙氧基甲基)丙烯酰胺,N-(n-十八烷基)丙烯酰胺,以及还有N,N-二烷基-取代的酰胺,例如,N,N-二甲基丙烯酰胺,N,N-二甲基甲基丙烯酰胺,N-苄基丙烯酰胺,N-异丙基丙烯酰胺,N-叔丁基丙烯酰胺,N-叔辛基丙烯酰胺,N-羟甲基丙烯酰胺,N-羟甲基甲基丙烯酰胺,丙烯腈,甲基丙烯腈,乙烯基醚,如乙烯基甲基醚,乙基乙烯基醚,乙烯基异丁基醚,乙烯基酯,如乙酸乙烯酯,氯乙烯,卤乙烯,偏二氯乙烯,偏二卤乙烯(vinylidene halides),乙烯基吡啶,4-乙烯基吡啶,N-乙烯基邻苯二甲酰亚胺,N-乙烯基内酰胺,N-乙烯基吡咯烷酮,苯乙烯,α-和对-甲基苯乙烯,α-丁基苯乙烯,4-正丁基苯乙烯,4-正癸基苯乙烯,3,4-二甲氧基苯乙烯,大分子如2-聚苯乙烯乙基甲基丙烯酸酯(分子量Mw为4000~13000g/mol),聚(甲基甲基丙烯酸酯)乙基甲基丙烯酸酯(Mw为2000~8000g/mol)。
在组分A1)a)意义上的单体具有至少一个烯属不饱和键,对其进行选择使得相应均聚物的玻璃化转变温度Tg为至少0℃,并且其具有至少一个羧基,该单体优选选自包括丙烯酸和/或甲基丙烯酸的组,特别优选使用丙烯酸。
在组分A1)b)的丙烯酸酯和/或甲基丙烯酸酯意义上的单体更特别地为增塑性单体和/或非极性单体。
对于这些单体,优选使用丙烯酸(酯)类单体,其包括具有4-14个碳原子、优选4-9个碳原子的烷基的丙烯酸酯和甲基丙烯酸酯。这类单体的实例为丙烯酸正丁酯,甲基丙烯酸正丁酯,丙烯酸正戊烷基酯,甲基丙烯酸正戊烷基酯,丙烯酸正戊酯,丙烯酸正己酯,甲基丙烯酸己酯,丙烯酸正庚酯,丙烯酸正辛酯,甲基丙烯酸正辛酯,丙烯酸正壬酯,丙烯酸异丁酯,丙烯酸异辛酯,甲基丙烯酸异辛酯,和它们的支化异构体,例如丙烯酸2-乙基己酯,甲基丙烯酸2-乙基己酯。
特别有利的是,本发明PSA的聚合物组分的数均摩尔质量Mn,P为约30000~约600000g/mol,优选为40000~400000g/mol,更优选为50000g/mol~300000g/mol。
在本说明书中,数均摩尔质量Mn,P和多分散性PD的数值是指通过凝胶渗透色谱法(见实验部分)确定的值。
因此,根据本发明将本发明的PSA和用于其制备的组合物(即,在交联之前)与至少一种增粘树脂(组分A2)混合在一起。原则上,可以使用可溶于聚合物组分的所有树脂,并且如上所述,该树脂的软化点为至少100℃。其中,合适的增粘树脂包括松香和松香的衍生物(例如,松香酯,包括通过歧化或氢化稳定的松香衍生物),聚萜烯树脂,萜烯-酚醛树脂,烷基苯酚树脂,脂族、芳族和脂族-芳族烃树脂,仅举几例。主要选择的树脂是优选与所述聚合物相容的那些。
任选可以将PSA和添加剂混合,该添加剂例如增塑剂、填料(例如纤维、炭黑、氧化锌、二氧化钛、白垩、实心或空心玻璃珠、其它材料制成的微珠、二氧化硅、硅酸盐)、成核剂、膨胀剂、混配剂和/或老化抑制剂,该老化抑制剂为例如主抗氧化剂和辅助抗氧化剂的形式或为光稳定剂的形式。
本发明的PSA体系的显著特征在于满足所述的要求(stated profile ofrequirements)且特别具有以下优点:
·PSA带可多次反复使用的能力(重新定位能力),
·在多种表面上的可逆性,
·满意的无残留地与基底可分开的能力,
·甚至在极性表面上具有低的剥离增加,
·在结合到印刷辊筒上之后,具有最小化的边缘上翘,或者根本没有边缘上翘。
所述PSA的玻璃化转变温度Tg低于施用温度。该施用温度具体由印刷业的要求来决定;有利地,PSA的玻璃化转变温度Tg低于室温。
根据上下文所述为了得到聚合物玻璃化转变温度Tg,非常优选地以此方式选择单体,并且有利地以此方式选择单体混合物的定量组合,使得聚合物根据下面的方程(类似于Fox方程,参考T.G.Fox,Bull.Am.Phys.Soc.1(1956)123)具有期望的Tg值。
该方程式中,n表示所用单体的序号,Wn为各单体n的质量分数(wt%)以及Tg,n为各单体n的均聚物的相应玻璃化转变温度,其单位为K。
另一优选的特征是聚合物链非常优选以支化状态存在,作为接枝聚合物。
特别优选聚合物组分的聚合物可以两步法制备。
该方法包括聚合包含母单体(parent monomer)(聚合物组分A1)的单体混合物,另外,用于制备的聚合方法使用至少两种接枝活性ε<5且ε>0的热分解引发剂,其中第一线型聚合使用ε<5的引发剂进行,然后,使用ε>10的引发剂制备接枝聚合物。在后面的步骤中,有利地在添加上述量的交联剂的条件下进行交联。
为了制备本发明的共聚物,原则上可以使用所有自由基或自由基受控的聚合方法,包括不同聚合方法的组合。除了常规自由基聚合法之外,还可以非穷举性地提到,例如ATRP、硝基氧(nitroxide)/TEMPO-受控聚合或RAFT法,换言之,更具体地,那些允许控制链长或聚合物结构的方法。
对于自由基聚合的自由基引发剂,可以使用所有已知的该用于丙烯酸酯用途的常规引发剂。在Houben-Weyl,Methoden der Organischen Chemie,Vol.E 19a,第60-147页中对C-中心自由基的制备进行了描述。可以类似地采用这些方法。自由基源的实例为过氧化物、氢过氧化物和偶氮化合物;在此可以提及的典型自由基引发剂的一些非限制性实例包括过氧化二硫酸钾、过氧化二苯甲酰、氢过氧化异丙苯、过氧化环己酮、过氧化二-叔丁基、偶氮二异丁腈、环己基磺酰基乙酰基过氧化物、过碳酸二异丙酯、叔丁基过辛酸酯(t-butyl peroctoate)和苯频哪醇(benzpinacol)。在一个非常优选的实施方式中,在两个或更多个阶段添加引发剂,使得转化率上升至大于90%。这样在聚合物中余下的残留单体含量可以降低到小于10wt%:低残留单体含量显著地改进了该用于粘结印刷辊筒的聚丙烯酸酯的技术性能。
优选选择在开始使用的引发剂,使得它们具有低的在聚合物中形成侧链的倾向;它们的接枝活性优选在添加该引发剂时反应混合物的温度下低于ε值<5。绝对接枝活性(交联效率)定义为每100摩尔单位的分解引发剂所形成的化学侧链的数目。类似于van Drumpt和Oosterwijk的方法[Journal of PolymerScience,Polymer Chemistry Edition 14(1976)1495-1511],可以通过在规定的引发剂溶液中测定二聚体,来指明该数目的值;还参见DE 43 40 297 A1:
在He气氛下将精确的0.1M引发剂溶液在正十五烷中分解。选择反应时间使得该时间相应地为所选温度下各引发剂半衰期的十倍。这确保引发剂实际上完全分解。随后通过GLC测量形成的二聚十五烷的分率。记录百分分率ε作为接枝活性的量度。通常,选择反应温度使得在该温度下所测试的引发剂的半衰期为15分钟。
高的接枝活性ε值意味着在聚合中引发剂部分形成侧链的倾向高;相反,小的ε值优选地产生线型聚合物。
在所述方法的一种优选方案中,所述方法的顺序如下:
·使用的反应溶液为单体的至少50%的浓度(strength)溶液,添加ε值<5的引发剂,
·在50℃~90℃的温度范围内进行自由基聚合,
·在聚合期间,将侧链形成倾向低的自由基聚合引发剂(在瞬间反应温度下接枝活性ε<5)至少一次用于再引发,
·在需要时,根据聚合物的粘度通过稀释反应溶液来控制反应,
·用基于单体混合物多至2wt%的引发剂进行受控再引发,该引发剂形成侧链的倾向高(在瞬间反应温度下接枝活性ε>10),
·进行聚合,直到转化率>90%,优选>95%。
优选的具有低ε值(ε<5)的引发剂是那些由于其自由基内能低而在聚合物链上不发生夺氢(hydrogen abstraction)或者仅发生零星夺氢的引发剂。本文优选使用,例如,偶氮引发剂如偶氮异丁腈或其衍生物,实例为2,2’-偶氮双(2-甲基丁腈)(VazoDuPont)。
可以在有机溶剂存在下、在水存在下、或在有机溶剂和/或水的混合物中进行聚合。可以用于聚合的溶剂包括所有适合的或常规用于自由基聚合的溶剂;特别合适的是丙酮、乙酸乙酯、汽油(benzine)、甲苯或这些溶剂任何期望的混合物。
优选使用尽可能少的溶剂。取决于转化率、温度和引发,聚合时间为6~48小时。
本发明进一步涉及用于将印版,特别是多层光聚合物的印版固定到印刷辊筒或印刷套筒的双面胶带。
在本发明胶带的一种有利实施方式中,所述带至少包括载体层和在该载体层两面的每个面上的一个压敏粘合剂层。
特别是,本发明胶带的载体是膜,泡沫,或者两层或更多层膜的复合体,两层或更多层泡沫的复合体或至少一层膜和至少一层泡沫的复合体,带有双面自粘合涂层的相应载体或组装件,并且至少面对印版的那面配置了本发明的PSA。本发明的PSA可以有利的用于两个PSA层。
根据本发明特别合适的是下面的双面胶带,它包括泡沫载体、在泡沫载体的一个面上的聚合物膜,在胶带两个面上的PSA层,至少一个PSA外层为本发明的交联的PSA,更特别地两个PSA层均为本发明的PSA。
当使用至少一层膜和至少一层泡沫材料的复合体作为载体时,在一种有利的方案中,这些载体层可以通过用粘合剂层合在一起以获得载体组装件。在另一实施方式中,可以通过热封将各层彼此相连接。为了得到载体组装件,一种可选的可行方案是使用本领域已知的其它方法,将具体为聚合物的两个层大范围(extensively)相连接。
在PSA带面对印刷辊筒的那个面上,可以有利地使用本发明的PSA,但原则上也可以使用本领域技术人员已知的其它PSA。因此,例如,橡胶类PSA、合成橡胶PSA,基于聚硅氧烷、聚氨酯、聚烯烃或聚丙烯酸酯的PSA都是合适的。
对于膜类载体,可以使用本领域技术人员熟悉的那些材料,特别是聚酯、聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET)、聚乙烯(FE)、聚丙烯(PP)、双轴取向的聚丙烯(BOPP)、聚氯乙烯(PVC)等。此列举应理解为是非穷举性的。特别优选使用聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯形式的。
适合的泡沫载体特别有利地为聚合物泡沫,例如,该载体泡沫由聚烯烃(更具体为聚乙烯或聚丙烯)、聚氨酯或聚氯乙烯构成。
当使用泡沫作为载体材料时,特别有利地还在所述泡沫载体至少一面上提供至少一个稳定化载体,以得到上述的载体组装件。更具体地,稳定化载体可以为纸或膜,特别是聚酯、聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯、聚乙烯、聚丙烯、双轴取向聚丙烯或聚氯乙烯的膜。有利地可以在泡沫载体的两个面上均提供稳定化载体。
通常,通过使载体材料粗糙化可以改进PSA的锚固。粗糙化和化学修饰聚合物结构的一种方式是通过湿刻蚀载体材料。除了刻蚀之外,还可以以其它方式进行预处理。
例如,为了改进锚固,载体材料可以进行化学和物理预处理。对于物理处理,优选将膜通过火焰或电晕或等离子体进行处理。对于化学预处理,对载体材料配置底漆涂层(prime coat),在一个特别优选的实施方式中,使用反应性底漆涂层。适宜的底漆涂层材料包括例如反应性底漆。
为了用作结合印版的双面压敏胶带,在本发明的一个特别优选的实施方式中,该PSA带具有图1中的产品结构。
使用所述胶带来结合由PET-膜2和光聚合物层1构成的印版。
层3-9形成固定版的双面胶带,由于其泡沫载体8,该胶带是可压缩的和弹性的。
从结合所述版的那面开始,该胶带由以下单独部分构成:
3用于锚固版的PSA
4PET膜5的粗糙上表面
5聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET)膜
6PET膜5的粗糙底表面
7将泡沫载体8锚固在聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET)膜5上的PSA
8泡沫载体
9用于在印刷辊筒上锚固的PSA
在印刷业中特别重要的是此时使用的胶带具有高柔性,即,在施加压力时,能够在一定程度改变它们的厚度,并且当移去载荷时能够恢复到它们原来的形状。
此外,优选泡沫载体8是由聚烯烃、聚氯乙烯(PVC)或聚氨酯(PU)构成。一种特别优选的实施方式使用发泡的聚乙烯和聚丙烯。还优选泡沫载体的表面已经是物理预处理过的,更具体地是电晕预处理过的。
还优选聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET)的厚度为5μm~500μm,优选5μm~60μm。
另外,本发明的胶带可以在一面或两面配置纸衬里或相应的膜衬里,更具体地为双面硅化的纸衬里或双面硅化的膜或有机硅膜衬里,以确保长期存放和在使用过程中方便处理。
由于其特定的性质,本发明的双面胶带可以出色用于将印版,特别是多层光聚合物印版固定于印刷辊筒或套筒。
由于其特殊的构造,特别是具有与印版匹配的结合强度,本发明的胶带特别适合用于印版和印刷辊筒的结合。一方面,在开始印刷前可以将印版多次重新定位,而另一方面,确保印刷操作期间版的牢固结合。
使用配置有本发明PSA的PSA带所结合的印版可以毫无破坏地从PSA带中移去,特别是还可以无残留地移去。
不出现版的载体层的剥离或者移去过程中版内形成的不需要的折痕。在胶带从印刷辊筒除去之后也不留下任何残留物。
本发明的PSA特别适合制备用于结合特别厚的柔性印版(厚度≥1.7mm,优选厚度>2mm)的胶带。与现有技术中用于结合印版的胶带相比,发现本发明的胶带在边缘上翘性能方面明显更加适合。当然对于薄的印版也同样非常适合。
实验
数均分子量的测定
在本说明书中,数均摩尔质量Mn,P和多分散性PD的数字是指通过凝胶渗透色谱法测定的值。该测定在已进行澄清过滤的100μl样品(样品浓度为4g/l)上进行。所用的洗脱剂是含有0.1%体积三氟乙酸的四氢呋喃。在25℃进行测量。
使用的预备柱是PSS-SDV柱,5μ,ID 8.0mm×50mm。使用各自具有ID 8.0mm×300mm的PSS-SDV柱,5μ,还有和(得自Polymer Standards Service的柱;通过Shodex RI71差示折射仪进行检测)进行分离。流量为1.0ml/分钟。相对于PMMA标样进行标定(聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯标定)。
PSA的制备
向常规用于自由基聚合反应的带蒸发冷却的2l玻璃反应器中装入300g表中各实施例所示组成的单体混合物和200g丙酮/特定沸点石油溶剂60/95(1∶1)。在搅拌下使氮气通过该反应器45分钟之后,将反应器加热至58℃,并添加0.15g 2,2’-偶氮双(2-甲基丁腈)[VazoDuPont]于6g丙酮中的溶液。随后将外部热浴加热至75℃,并在此外部温度下持续进行反应。在1小时反应时间之后,添加另外0.15g VAZO在6g丙酮中的溶液。3小时之后,用90g丙酮/特定沸点石油溶剂60/95(1∶1)稀释该批料。反应5小时30分钟之后,添加0.45g二(4-叔丁基环己基)过氧化二碳酸酯[PerkadoxAkzo Nobel]于9g丙酮中的溶液。在反应7小时之后,添加0.45g二(4-叔丁基环己基)过氧化二碳酸酯(PerkadoxAkzo Nobel)于9g丙酮中的溶液。在反应10小时之后,用90g丙酮/特定沸点石油溶剂60/95(1∶1)稀释该批料。在反应24小时之后,中止反应并将批料冷却至室温。之后,将聚合物与相应量的增粘树脂(见表)及相应量的乙酰丙酮铝(III)(3%浓度溶液,于丙酮中)共混,并用丙酮/特定沸点石油溶剂60/95(1∶1)稀释该共混物至固体含量为30%。
双面PSA带组装件的制备
将厚度为23μm并在两面用三氯乙酸刻蚀的PET膜用实施例指定并如上所述进行制备的PSA涂布。在120℃干燥15分钟之后,涂布重量为30g/m2,在该干燥过程中发生交联反应。
将如此涂布的样品衬以双面硅化的防粘纸(release paper)。随后,经由转移载体将具有20g/m2涂布重量的市售丙烯酸酯PSA层合至上述组装件未涂布的面上。
在随后的步骤中,在上面层合厚度为500μm且密度为270kg/m3的聚乙烯-乙烯-乙酸乙烯酯泡沫。然后,将该泡沫载体经由转移载体与市售的具有50g/m2涂布重量的丙烯酸酯PSA层合,在上述组装件未涂布的面进行层合。
结合印版及应用:
将上述双面PSA带用市售的粘合剂(见图1,层9)粘附在直径为110mm的钢筒上。将厚度为2.54mm得自DuPont Cyrel HOS的印版结合到测试粘合剂(本发明的实施例或参考实施例,图1的层3)上。随后,将该具有印版的钢筒安装在打印机中;使用它打印16小时,打印设置为150μm。
在23℃和50%湿度下存放3天之后,确定印版从双面PSA带的边缘上翘。
评估:
为了评估实施例,对储存时间之后是否可见到柔性印版从粘附于辊筒的胶带中上翘进行观察。在这种情况中,边缘上翘的量度是在切线方向测量的不再粘住的印版部分(凸起来的(raised)印版部分)的长度L,从暴露端直到仍然结合的第一点进行测量(参见图2:10=印版,11=印刷辊筒,12=胶带,L=凸起来的印版部分的长度)。
当根据所述测试的边缘上翘小于5mm时,当从胶带中移去印版,在印版上余下小于1%的残留物时,且当印版在卸下后没有被破坏时,将胶带的特性评定为成功。
表1
不成功的对比例
表2
树脂量和/或聚合物组成的变化
表3
交联剂量的变化
树脂的规格
部分氢化的松香的甘油酯,软化温度为84-92℃(通常值为89℃;制造商标出)(Eastman Chemical BV)
萜烯-酚醛树脂,软化温度为92-98℃(通常值为95℃;制造商标出)(Arizona Chemical)
普通极性的萜烯-酚醛树脂,软化温度为135℃(制造商标出)(DRTResins)
萜烯-酚醛树脂,软化温度为145-151℃(通常值为145℃;制造商标出)(Arizona Chemical)
A1螯合物=乙酰丙酮铝(III)(3%浓度丙酮溶液)
在每种情况下交联剂初始质量的数值已经标准化至100g聚合物组分[相应于表中讨论的各实施例的所述组合物的100g单体混合物(减去树脂组分)]
Mn,P=聚合物组分的数均分子量
V=交联剂的交联活化中心的量nz与聚合物组分A1的大分子的理论量nP的化学量比nz/nP
结果表明,本发明的PSA特别适合规定的要求。
表1显示能够保证所需结果的现有技术中的3个参考实施例。实施例R1和R2的树脂的软化温度太低。观察到边缘上翘水平非常高和/或在胶带重新粘附时结合过的印版被破坏。R3是所选择的交联剂浓度比需要量高的实施例。此时再次观察到高的边缘上翘水平。
表2显示一系列本发明的实施例,在每例中PSA的树脂分数和/或聚合物组分的组成都在本发明的范围内变化。所有这些实施例均显示成功的结果,即它们满足要求。
表3显示添加的交联剂量的变化。观察到交联剂的交联活化中心的量nz与聚合物组分A1的大分子的理论量np的化学量比V设定在所需范围内的实施例得到成功的结果。如果选择的比值V太低,则当印版与胶带再次分开时观察到印版上的PSA残留物。如果选择的比值V的值太高,则观察到边缘上翘的水平高。
Claims (19)
1.用于制备交联的压敏粘合剂的组合物,包括:
A.压敏粘合剂,包括:
A1).60%~90%重量的聚合物组分,基于
a)5%~25%重量基于所述聚合物组分的一种或多种具有至少一个烯属不饱和键的化合物,选择各单体使得相应均聚物的玻璃化转变温度Tg为至少0℃,所述具有至少一个烯属不饱和键的化合物中的一部分还具有至少一个羧基,
b)75%~95%重量基于所述聚合物组分的丙烯酸酯和/或甲基丙烯酸酯,其各自经选择使得相应均聚物的玻璃化转变温度Tg不大于-20℃;
A2).10%~40%重量的至少一种软化点至少为100℃的树脂组分,和
B.至少一种双官能交联剂或更多官能的交联剂,所述至少一种交联剂存在的量使得交联剂的交联活化中心的量nz和聚合物组分A1的大分子的理论量nP的化学量比V=nz/nP的值为1.5~2.5,
所述交联剂的交联活化中心的量nz由交联剂的质量mv除以交联剂的摩尔质量Mv,再乘以每个交联剂分子的交联活性中心的数量f得到,即nz=f·mv/Mv,
以及聚合物组分A1的大分子的理论量np由压敏粘合剂中聚合物组分的质量mp除以该组分的数均摩尔质量Mn,P得到,即np=mp/Mn,P。
2.权利要求1的组合物,其特征在于,所述聚合物组分的摩尔质量Mn,P为30000~600000g/mol。
3.权利要求2的组合物,其特征在于,所述聚合物组分的摩尔质量Mn,P为40000~400000g/mol。
4.权利要求2的组合物,其特征在于,所述聚合物组分的摩尔质量Mn,P为50000~300000g/mol。
5.通过交联前述权利要求中任一项的组合物可得到的压敏粘合剂。
6.用于结合柔性印版的双面胶带,包括至少一个载体层和两个压敏粘合剂外层,其特征在于,所述压敏粘合剂外层中的至少一个是权利要求5的交联的压敏粘合剂。
7.权利要求6的胶带,其特征在于,两个压敏粘合剂外层都是权利要求5的粘合剂。
8.权利要求6或7的胶带,包括泡沫载体和在所述泡沫载体至少一面上的至少一个稳定化载体。
9.根据权利要求8的胶带,其特征在于,所述稳定化载体是纸或膜。
10.权利要求9的胶带,其特征在于,所述稳定化载体是聚酯的膜、聚乙烯的膜、聚丙烯的膜、双轴取向聚丙烯的膜或聚氯乙烯的膜。
11.权利要求10的胶带,其特征在于,所述稳定化载体是聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯的膜。
12.权利要求8的胶带,其特征在于,所述泡沫载体为聚合物泡沫。
13.权利要求12的胶带,其特征在于,所述泡沫载体由聚氨酯、聚氯乙烯或聚烯烃构成。
14.权利要求12的胶带,其特征在于,所述泡沫载体由聚乙烯或聚丙烯构成。
15.权利要求9-11任一项的胶带,其特征在于,所述泡沫载体为聚合物泡沫。
16.权利要求15的胶带,其特征在于,所述泡沫载体由聚氨酯、聚氯乙烯或聚烯烃构成。
17.权利要求15的胶带,其特征在于,所述泡沫载体由聚乙烯或聚丙烯构成。
18.权利要求5的粘合剂或权利要求6-17任一项的胶带用于将印版固定到印刷辊筒或印刷套筒的用途。
19.权利要求18的用途,其中上述印版包括多层光聚合物印版。
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DE102008023023 | 2008-05-09 | ||
DE102008023023.5 | 2008-05-09 | ||
DE102008023758.2 | 2008-05-15 | ||
DE200810023758 DE102008023758A1 (de) | 2008-05-09 | 2008-05-15 | Haftklebebänder zur Verklebung von Druckplatten |
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US (1) | US8152944B2 (zh) |
EP (1) | EP2116584B1 (zh) |
JP (1) | JP5683079B2 (zh) |
CN (1) | CN101638565B (zh) |
AT (1) | ATE490295T1 (zh) |
CA (1) | CA2663205C (zh) |
DE (2) | DE102008023758A1 (zh) |
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ATE490295T1 (de) | 2010-12-15 |
CA2663205C (en) | 2016-04-12 |
EP2116584A1 (de) | 2009-11-11 |
US20090277562A1 (en) | 2009-11-12 |
CN101638565A (zh) | 2010-02-03 |
CA2663205A1 (en) | 2009-11-09 |
PL2116584T3 (pl) | 2011-04-29 |
JP2009270111A (ja) | 2009-11-19 |
US8152944B2 (en) | 2012-04-10 |
EP2116584B1 (de) | 2010-12-01 |
EP2116584A8 (de) | 2010-06-23 |
DE102008023758A1 (de) | 2009-11-12 |
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JP5683079B2 (ja) | 2015-03-11 |
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