CN101473755A - Floating seedling cultivation for flue-cured tobacco - Google Patents
Floating seedling cultivation for flue-cured tobacco Download PDFInfo
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- CN101473755A CN101473755A CNA2009100940656A CN200910094065A CN101473755A CN 101473755 A CN101473755 A CN 101473755A CN A2009100940656 A CNA2009100940656 A CN A2009100940656A CN 200910094065 A CN200910094065 A CN 200910094065A CN 101473755 A CN101473755 A CN 101473755A
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Abstract
The invention provides a flue-cured tobacco afloat and moist seedling raising method, and relates to a seedling raising method combining a moist seedling raising method and an afloat seedling raising method. The invention provides the flue-cured tobacco afloat and moist seedling raising method aiming at solving the disadvantages of less root hair, poor root activity and slow seedling restoration of the existing flue-cured tobacco afloat seedling raising. The method comprises the following steps: seeding, an afloat seedling raising phase, primary leaf clipping, a shallow water seedling raising phase, a moist seedling raising phase and seedling hardening. The flue-cured tobacco afloat and moist seedling raising method can cultivate sound tobacco seedlings with developed root hair, strong stem toughness and high stems without seedling restoration time basically, and is beneficial to realizing seedling raising technique normalization and seedling quality standardization, can reduce the disease infection and lower the production cost.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the flue-cured tobacco seedling-cultivating technical field, particularly a kind of seedling growing process in conjunction with moistening seedling-cultivating method and floating seedlings culturing method.
Background technology
Existing flue-cured tobacco seedling-cultivating mode has experienced nutritional bag, has moisteningly grown seedlings, the floating seedlings three phases, and what large tracts of land was promoted at present is floating seedlings, and above-mentioned three kinds of seedling raising mannerses contrast is as follows:
Nutritional bag: the saving of labor, save time, simple to operate and flourishing, the cigarette strain stalwartness of the shoot root that brings out system, but this method be not suitable for large-scale industrialized grow seedlings and commercialization for seedling;
Moistening growing seedlings: the cigarette shoot root is that drought is taken root, well developed root system, and the leaf-cutting number of times is few, is difficult for the occurrence of large-area disease, but that the cigarette seedling of being cultivated is emerged is irregular, tobacco seedling growth in early stage shortcoming such as slow, time-consuming;
Floating seedlings: suitable factorial seedling growth and commercialization are for seedling, and water and fertilizer management is easy and simple to handle, save the recruitment cost of growing seedlings, but the cigarette shoot root of being cultivated is a water root, and the root hair is few, and the root system vigor is poor, to the bad adaptability of drought stress, transplanting back root system will be converted into drought and take root, and it is slow to go back seedling.
Summary of the invention
For solve cigarette shoot root hair that existing floating seedling cultivation of fire-cured tobacco mode cultivated less, the root system vigor is poor, to the bad adaptability of drought stress, goes back the slow shortcoming of seedling, the invention provides a kind of floating seedling cultivation for flue-cured tobacco, its embodiment is as follows:
A kind of floating seedling cultivation for flue-cured tobacco may further comprise the steps:
(a) sowing: the flue-cured tobacco capsuled seed is planted in the hole of growing seedlings of filling up matrix on the seedling-cultivating tray, covers matrix to the little dew of seed;
(b) the floating seedlings stage: seedling-cultivating tray that will be after planting swims in the nursery pond that fills nutrient solution, and cigarette seedling normal growth is grown, and shortly emerges, tidy seedlings output short height of seedling soon.
(c) leaf-cutting for the first time: treat that tobacco seedling growth wholeheartedly carries out the leaf-cutting first time to the cigarette seedling wholeheartedly the time to seven leaves to six leaves;
(d) the seedling nursing in shallow water stage: reduce the draft of seedling-cultivating tray in the water of nursery pond pond, impel water root gradually to drought conversions of taking root, short height of seedling seedling is strengthened;
(e) moistening growing seedlings the stage: after treating that seedling-cultivating tray (1) breaks away from Chi Shui (3) water body fully, cigarette seedling in the seedling-cultivating tray (1) watered execute nutrient solution, finish water root, form high stem strong sprout to the drought conversion of taking root;
(f) hardening: the cigarette seedling becomes seedling to carry out hardening in preceding 5-7 days.
This seedling-cultivating method principle is as follows:
Flue-cured tobacco floats the wet main operating process of growing seedlings: sowing → floating seedlings leaf-cutting → seedling nursing in shallow water management → first time → moistening growing seedlings → rich water leaf-cutting → hardening → Cheng Miao.
Floating seedling cultivation for flue-cured tobacco is the plant growing rule according to " the long root of drought, the long seedling of water ", in early stage is the floating seedlings stage, by seedling-cultivating tray being swum in the Chi Shuizhong that fills nutrient solution, the required light of tobacco seedling growth, temperature, water, gas, nutriment etc. are provided under manually operated condition, nutrient that tobacco seedling growth is required and moisture are supplied with the cigarette seedling by the capillarity of matrix by nutrient solution, reach the cigarette seedling and emerge neatly, the rapid purpose of growing; Later stage is moistening growing seedlings the stage, make seedling-cultivating tray break away from pond water water body, place on the carriage, the floating seedlings of comparing, this is actually the cigarette seedling is carried out hardening before transplanting prerequisite, by shortening the drift epoch in nutrition liquid pool water, make cigarette shoot root portion adapt to xeric environment in advance, in moistening seedling raising process by residual nutrient solution in the former nursery pond with spray new nutrient solution and provide cigarette seedling late growing stage required nutrient component, the aeration condition of matrix and similar soil is changed former aquatic root system and is suppressed the main root excess elongation and carry out whole of air, to promote drought life lateral root growth, transplant the purpose that the back drought that can survive is taken root in soil thereby cultivate.
It is improvement and lifting to the floating seedling cultivation of fire-cured tobacco technology that flue-cured tobacco floats wet seedling growing process, it makes full use of existing floating seedlings technological facilities, and the water management method (" float afterwards earlier and wet ") of improvement floating seedlings, it is few to have overcome former floating seedlings culturing method Cheng Miaohou root hair, the root system vigor is poor, bad adaptability and moistening seedling-cultivating method to drought stress are emerged irregular, early stage, tobacco seedling growth was slow, time-consuming shortcoming, float wet seedling-cultivating method and can cultivate Gen Maofada, the strong cigarette seedling of the high stem that cane toughness is strong, substantially there is not also seedling stage, the tobacco seedling growth neat and consistent, can promote early to give birth to, fast sending out helps realizing the seedling growing process standardization and becomes the seedling quality standardization; And the disease source of infection can be minimized; As seen float wet seedling-cultivating method and greatly saved manual labor, reduced production cost, have higher economic value.
As a kind of mode of priority of the present invention, wholeheartedly the cigarette seedling is carried out the leaf-cutting first time when (the high 4-5cm of cigarette seedling stem) at tobacco seedling growth to seven leaves in the described step (c), become seedling to carry out hardening in preceding 7 days at the cigarette seedling in the described step (f).
As the further mode of priority of foregoing invention, the concentration of watering nitrogen in the nutrient solution of executing in the described step (e) is 250 to 350mg/kg.
Further mode of priority as foregoing invention, the draft of minimizing seedling-cultivating tray in the water of nursery pond pond is that the mode of seedling-cultivating tray immersion depth of water is that the branch gradient reduces in the step (d), this mode helps cigarette seedling water root progressively to the drought conversion of taking root, better to the xeric environment transition.
Further mode of priority as foregoing invention, the method of the draft of branch gradient minimizing seedling-cultivating tray in the water of nursery pond pond is as follows in the described step (d): keeping flat foam block under the seedling-cultivating tray to reduce the draft of seedling-cultivating tray in the water of nursery pond pond, make pond water natural evaporation in the nursery pond to gradually reduce draft then, this mode helps saving material resources, manpower, reduces production costs; The method that makes seedling-cultivating tray break away from Chi Shui in the described step is to stand up foam block or withdraw Chi Shui in the nursery pond under seedling-cultivating tray, and the water that is about in the pond is all taken away or evaporation fully.
As the further mode of priority of foregoing invention, step (a), step (b), step (c), step (d), step (e) are all carried out in seedling growth greenhouse, and this greenhouse helps urging to emerge soon, emerging together; Step (f) is carried out in the seedling growth greenhouse of open-top, and this semi-open environment helps the cigarette seedling and progressively adapts to xeric environment, for transplanting is got ready.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is floating seedlings stage seedling-cultivating tray position view in the water of nursery pond pond;
Fig. 2 is seedling nursing in shallow water stage seedling-cultivating tray position view in the water of nursery pond pond;
Fig. 3 is the moistening stage seedling-cultivating tray position view in the water of nursery pond pond of growing seedlings.
Embodiment
(a) sowing: in seedling growth greenhouse, the flue-cured tobacco capsuled seed is planted in the hole of growing seedlings of filling up matrix on the seedling-cultivating tray 1, covers matrix to the little dew of seed;
(b) the floating seedlings stage: as shown in Figure 1, after planting seedling-cultivating tray 1 is swum in the nursery pond 2 that fills nutrient solution 3, by measures such as abundance of water (the general depth of water is controlled at about 8 centimetres), insulations, shortly emerge soon, tidy seedlings output, short height of seedling.
(c) leaf-cutting for the first time: treat that tobacco seedling growth wholeheartedly the time, carries out first time leaf-cutting to the cigarette seedling to seven leaves, at this moment cigarette seedling stem height is 4-5 centimetre;
(d) the seedling nursing in shallow water stage: as shown in Figure 2, reduce the draft of seedling-cultivating tray 1 in nursery pond 2 pond water 3, preferably by standing up foam block 41 time at seedling-cultivating tray, with seedling-cultivating tray 1 bed hedgehopping to trying to get to the heart of a matter, make draft be reduced to limiting value, guarantee the minimum quantity delivered of tobacco plant nutrition in the seedling-cultivating tray 1, make pond water 3 natural evaporations in the nursery pond 2 then, impel water root gradually to the drought conversion of taking root, short height of seedling seedling is strong;
(e) moistening growing seedlings the stage: open in the seedling growth greenhouse top, as shown in Figure 3, and make seedling-cultivating tray 1 break away from pond water 3 fully, cigarette seedling in the seedling-cultivating tray 1 is watered execute nutrient solution, finish water root, form high stem strong sprout to the drought conversion of taking root;
(f) hardening: the cigarette seedling becomes seedling to carry out hardening in preceding 7 days.
Claims (7)
1, a kind of floating seedling cultivation for flue-cured tobacco may further comprise the steps:
(a) sowing: the flue-cured tobacco capsuled seed is planted in the hole of growing seedlings of filling up matrix on the seedling-cultivating tray (1), covers matrix to the little dew of seed;
(b) the floating seedlings stage: seedling-cultivating tray (1) that will be after planting swims among nursery pond (2) Chi Shui (3) that fills nutrient solution, and cigarette seedling normal growth is grown, and shortly emerges, tidy seedlings output short height of seedling soon.
(c) leaf-cutting for the first time: treat that tobacco seedling growth wholeheartedly carries out the leaf-cutting first time to the cigarette seedling wholeheartedly the time to seven leaves to six leaves;
(d) the seedling nursing in shallow water stage: for the first time reduce the draft of seedling-cultivating tray (1) in nursery pond (2) Chi Shui (3) after the leaf-cutting, impel water root gradually to drought conversions of taking root, short height of seedling seedling is strengthened;
(e) moistening growing seedlings the stage: after treating that seedling-cultivating tray (1) breaks away from Chi Shui (3) water body fully, cigarette seedling in the seedling-cultivating tray (1) watered execute nutrient solution, finish water root, form high stem strong sprout to the drought conversion of taking root;
(f) hardening: the cigarette seedling becomes seedling to carry out hardening in preceding 5-7 days.
2, a kind of floating seedling cultivation for flue-cured tobacco according to claim 1 is characterized in that:
Cigarette seedling carried out first time leaf-cutting to seven leaves wholeheartedly the time at tobacco seedling growth in the described step (c); Become seedling to carry out hardening in preceding 7 days at the cigarette seedling in the described step (f).
3, a kind of floating seedling cultivation for flue-cured tobacco according to claim 2 is characterized in that:
The concentration of watering nitrogen in the nutrient solution of executing in the described step (e) is 250 to 350ppm.
4, according to claim 1 or 2 or 3 described a kind of floating seedling cultivation for flue-cured tobacco, it is characterized in that:
The mode that reduces the draft of seedling-cultivating tray (1) in nursery pond (2) Chi Shui (3) in the described step (d) reduces for dividing gradient.
5, a kind of floating seedling cultivation for flue-cured tobacco according to claim 4 is characterized in that:
To reduce the method for the draft of seedling-cultivating tray (1) in nursery pond (2) Chi Shui (3) as follows for branchs gradient in the described step (d): keeping flat foam block (4) under the seedling-cultivating tray (1) with the draft of minimizing seedling-cultivating tray (1) in nursery pond (2) Chi Shui (3), making Chi Shui (3) natural evaporation in the nursery pond (2) to gradually reduce draft then.
6, a kind of floating seedling cultivation for flue-cured tobacco according to claim 5 is characterized in that:
The method that makes seedling-cultivating tray (1) break away from Chi Shui (3) in the described step (f) is to stand up foam block (4) or withdraw Chi Shui (3) in the nursery pond (2) under seedling-cultivating tray (1).
7, a kind of floating seedling cultivation for flue-cured tobacco according to claim 6 is characterized in that:
Described step (a), step (b), step (c), step (d), step (e) are all carried out in seedling growth greenhouse, and described step (f) is carried out in the seedling growth greenhouse of open-top.
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CN2009100940656A CN101473755B (en) | 2009-01-24 | 2009-01-24 | Floating seedling cultivation for flue-cured tobacco |
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Cited By (19)
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CN102077780A (en) * | 2010-10-29 | 2011-06-01 | 云南省烟草公司保山市公司 | Method for cultivating tobacco seedlings by taking vesuvianite particles as floating seedling matrix |
CN102150540A (en) * | 2010-12-16 | 2011-08-17 | 宜昌市科力生实业有限公司 | Tobacco plug seedling method by combining artificial light with natural light |
CN102246687A (en) * | 2011-06-03 | 2011-11-23 | 遵义市烟草公司湄潭县烟草分公司 | Device capable of realizing 'alteration of wetting and drying' in floating seedling culture |
CN102301945A (en) * | 2011-07-26 | 2012-01-04 | 黄元奎 | Method for raising seedlings of flue-cured tobacco by moistening |
CN102550383A (en) * | 2012-03-26 | 2012-07-11 | 江苏省农业科学院 | Water-film seedling method of vegetables |
CN102763555A (en) * | 2012-08-08 | 2012-11-07 | 恩施土家族苗族自治州烟草物资供应公司 | Tobacco leaf floating seedling method |
CN101699985B (en) * | 2009-11-17 | 2013-01-23 | 贵州省烟草科学研究所 | Method for controlling water of seedbed of cured tobacco seedlings by floating cultivation |
CN103340084A (en) * | 2013-07-23 | 2013-10-09 | 云南省烟草农业科学研究院 | Cultivation method ensuring field growth time of fen-flavor tobacco leaves |
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