CN104160933A - Tobacco suspended alternative circulating seedling method - Google Patents
Tobacco suspended alternative circulating seedling method Download PDFInfo
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- CN104160933A CN104160933A CN201410349395.6A CN201410349395A CN104160933A CN 104160933 A CN104160933 A CN 104160933A CN 201410349395 A CN201410349395 A CN 201410349395A CN 104160933 A CN104160933 A CN 104160933A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
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Abstract
The invention particularly relates to a tobacco suspended alternative circulating seedling method. Seedling is firstly carried out in a seedling pond provided with a support in advance by means of a floating seedling mode, when 3-5 true leaves grow out from each tobacco seedling, a part of water in the seedling pond is discharged so that a seedling-raising plate is suspended on the support, the distance between the bottom of the seedling-raising plate and the water surface keeps 2-3 cm for suspension seedling, water is introduced into the seedling pond after 1-3 days so that the seedlings can float, a part of water in the seedling pond is discharged after another 1-3 days for suspension seedling, and floating seedling and suspension seedling are carried out in a alternately circulating mode; when 8-9 true leaves grow out from each tobacco seedling, suspension seedling is carried out for 2-3 days, and then the tobacco seedlings are transplanted, wherein the water in the seedling pond is aqueous solutions containing seedling fertilizers. Seedling is carried out in the method, so that root systems of the tobacco seedlings are strong, stress resistance of the transplanted tobacco seedlings is high, and the seedling survival period does not exist basically.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to tobacco seedling technical field, be specifically related to the floating outstanding alternate cycles seedling-cultivating method that grows tobacco.
Background technology
At present, 1,800 ten thousand mu of cigarette areas are planted throughout the year by China, and the seedling raising manners overwhelming majority is floating seedlings and moistening seedling raising manners.Floating seedlings mode is the seedling-cultivating tray of making of polystyrene, and interior filling substrate, swims on nutrition liquid level and grow seedlings, and is characterized in that tobacco seedling growth is neat, and cost is lower, is convenient to management, is beneficial to batch production, large-scale production.Therefore, this technology is introduced after China from the nineties, perfect by digesting and assimilating and innovating, and in China's tobacco business development rapidly, has just exceeded 90% of the gross area at usable floor area in 2009.But along with the expansion of area, the defect of itself also obviously shows.Because cigarette shoot root is that long term growth approaches in saturated environment at moisture, the nutrient solution water surface and air partition make it melt hypoxgia, cause improving activity of root system to weaken, and return the seedling time long after cigarette transplantation of seedlings, as it is easily dead to run into xeothermic weather.Due to these defects of floating seedlings, tobacco scientific worker, in conjunction with traditional earth culture seedling raising manners of past, has worked out again moistening seedling raising manners, is specially: adopt the floating mode of shallow water in the early stage of growing seedlings, utilize and manually carry out discontinuity water spray in the middle and later periods.Due to discontinuity water spray, make root system be in the environment of alternation of wetting and drying, the further growth of induction root system is grown, and therefore adopts the method tobacco root of growing seedlings to grow than floating seedlings root system, goes back the seedling time to shorten dramatically after transplanting.Therefore, moistening grow seedlings and gradually promote come.But because moistening growing seedlings will rely on a large amount of artificial water sprays, cost is higher, and management inconvenience makes to promote the restriction of receiving again to a certain degree.
Summary of the invention
For overcoming prior art deficiency, the object of the invention is to provide the floating outstanding alternate cycles seedling-cultivating method that grows tobacco, and adopts the method to grow seedlings, tobacco seedling well developed root system, and cigarette seedling strong stress resistance after transplanting, does not have seedling-slowing stage substantially.
For achieving the above object, the present invention has taked following technical scheme:
One grows tobacco floats outstanding alternate cycles seedling-cultivating method, it adopts the mode of floating seedlings to grow seedlings filling in standoff nursery pond in advance, in the time that cigarette seedling grows 3-5 sheet true leaf, discharging part water in nursery pond makes seedling-cultivating tray be suspended on support and seedling-cultivating tray bottom keeps the height of 2-3cm to carry out suspension with the water surface growing seedlings, in interval 1-3 days backward nursery ponds, pass into water and carry out floating seedlings, again within interval 1-3 days, discharge afterwards part water in nursery pond and carry out suspension and grow seedlings, so alternate cycles is carried out floating and suspension and is grown seedlings; Treat that cigarette seedling grows the 8-9 sheet true leaf rear suspension 2-3 days that grows seedlings, and then transplants; Wherein, the water in described nursery pond is to contain the fertile aqueous solution of growing seedlings (being nutrient solution).
Concrete, the floating outstanding alternate cycles seedling-cultivating method of above-mentioned tobacco, comprises the steps:
1) be arranged side by side three identical nursery pond A, B and C, lay one deck antiseepage film at the bottom of pond, then in antiseepage film, place the fragment of brick of high 5cm as support, the placement density of fragment of brick is lived seedling-cultivating tray with energy suspension and is as the criterion;
2) in three nursery ponds, discharge water, seedling-cultivating tray is placed on simultaneously and on support, carries out floating seedlings;
3) in the time that cigarette seedling grows 4 true leaves, part water in nursery pond B and C is evacuated in nursery pond A with pump, so that the seedling-cultivating tray in nursery pond B and C is suspended on support and seedling-cultivating tray bottom keeps the height of 2-3cm to carry out suspension with the water surface growing seedlings (now the height of water level in nursery pond B and C just remains on 2-3cm), proceed floating seedlings in nursery pond A;
4) interval, after 1 day, pumps into the part water in nursery pond A in the B of pond, ensures that nursery pond B carries out floating seedlings, is that suspension is grown seedlings and nursery pond A and C carry out;
5) interval, after 1 day, pumps into the part water in nursery pond B in nursery pond C, ensures that nursery pond C carries out floating seedlings, is that suspension is grown seedlings and nursery pond A and B carry out;
6) interval is after 1 day, then the part water in nursery pond C is pumped in nursery pond A, ensures that nursery pond A carries out floating seedlings, is that suspension is grown seedlings and nursery pond B and C carry out; So alternate cycles is carried out, and after cigarette seedling grows 8-9 sheet true leaf, the equal suspension of nursery pond A, B and the C 2-3 days that grows seedlings, then transplants.
Above-mentioned three ponds, tobacco seedling pond share the amount of a conventional Chi Shui, grow seedlings that early stage, every Chi Shui was constant 1/3rd, at the bottom of pond, establish support.Utilize water pump at interval of the regular hour in the middle and later periods of growing seedlings, alternately a certain Chi Shui is discharged in another pond, the floating floating seedlings that carries out of seedling-cultivating tray that Chi Shui is many, two other pond seedling-cultivating trays are suspended on support and keep the height of 2-3cm to carry out suspension with the water surface and grow seedlings, and so form the alternate cycles of alternately floating outstanding and Chi Shui of seedling-cultivating tray.Realize the interruption supply of moisture, increase in water and melt oxygen, control water supply in media, form whole of air and drought stress environment, promote the further growth of root system.By this new mode, realize that seedling is strong, cigarette seedling strong stress resistance and save labour and reduce seedling cost after well developed root system, transplanting.Attention: if Chi Zhongshui reduces, while can not meet the seedling-cultivating tray floating state in a pond wherein, should suitably keep the skin wet.
The inventive method adopts on floating seedlings and moistening basis of growing seedlings in China's tobacco seedling mode overwhelming majority, approach at moisture the problem that under saturated environment, root system is not strengthened for floating seedlings root system long term growth, and moistening growing seedlings by the problem that manually water spray, labour intensity are greatly, cost is higher; In conjunction with the advantage of the two, work out a kind of novel seedling raising manners, the seedling raising manners that floating outstanding alternate cycles is carried out.Its innovative point is: one is floating, swims in and on shallow water nutrient solution, can improve water temperature and be beneficial to and emerge at the early stage seedling-cultivating tray of growing seedlings; Float over discontinuously on nutrient solution in the middle and later periods, to supplement nutrient and moisture.Two is outstanding, establishes the support that about 5cm is high at the bottom of nursery pond, after each interruption of the middle and later periods of growing seedlings discharges water, pool inner water position highly remains on 2-3cm, and the water surface is separated with seedling-cultivating tray, increases in water and in matrix and melts oxygen, and control moisture in matrix, and be beneficial to root growth, increase improving activity of root system.Three alternately, and floating seedlings and suspension are grown seedlings and hocketed by certain hour interval, induce and meet root growth to hocket.Four circulations, three nursery pond waters are together in series, and cycle alternation is supplied with, and can economize on nutrient solution more than 40%.Five mechanizations, alternative water-supply uses water pump, can save a large amount of labours.Six is effective, and it is strong energetic that cigarette shoot root is educated by institute, substantially there is no seedling-slowing stage after cultivation.
Compared to the prior art, beneficial effect of the present invention:
Through test, compared with traditional floating seedlings mode, seedling-cultivating method cigarette shoot root of the present invention is that growing environment has greatly improved, and total root is long increases by 32%, and total root volume increases by 31%, and rhizome dry weight is than improving 34%; After transplanting, slow seedling is fast, plants latter 30 days, and the number of sheets increases by 1.3, and plant height increases by 15%.Compared with moistening seedling raising manners, can reduce recruitment more than 60%.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of three nursery ponds series connection of using in the inventive method;
Fig. 2 is view when suspension is grown seedlings in single nursery pond, and in figure, the interior waterline 9 of Buffer Pool is far below the height of the spacing stalk 7 of water level;
View when Fig. 3 is the interior floating seedlings of single nursery pond, in figure, in Buffer Pool, waterline 9 flushes with seedling-cultivating tray 2 bottoms;
In above-mentioned figure: 2 is seedling-cultivating tray, 3 is Buffer Pool, and 4 is water pump, and 5 is water inlet pipe, and 6 is outlet pipe, and 1 is the spacing stalk of water level, and 8 is support, and 9 is waterline.
Embodiment
By specific embodiment, technical solution of the present invention is described below, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited to this.
embodiment 1
One grows tobacco floats outstanding alternate cycles seedling-cultivating method, it adopts the mode of floating seedlings to grow seedlings filling in standoff nursery pond in advance, in the time that cigarette seedling grows 4 true leaves, discharging part water in nursery pond makes seedling-cultivating tray be suspended on support and the height of the distance from bottom water surface is that 3cm carries out suspension and grows seedlings, interval passes into water for 2 days and carries out floating seedlings in backward nursery pond, interval is discharged afterwards part water in nursery pond for 2 days and is carried out suspension and grow seedlings again, and so alternate cycles is carried out floating and suspension and grown seedlings; Treat that cigarette seedling grows 9 true leaf rear suspension and grows seedlings 3 days, then transplant; Wherein, the water in described nursery pond is to contain the fertile aqueous solution of growing seedlings (being nutrient solution).
embodiment 2
One grows tobacco floats outstanding alternate cycles seedling-cultivating method (seeing Fig. 1 to 3), comprises the steps:
1) the single span width of general booth is 8 meters, builds side by side nursery pond A, B and the C of three identical (approximately 2.3 meters of span widths, pond length is determined according to booth length), 18 centimetres of left and right of pool side height within the scope of this.Pond be shaped as convex, 30 centimetres of the protruding clear span of part of projection, long 30 centimetres only, dig dark 30 centimetres, form a Buffer Pool 3 in this part.
Lay antiseepage film: before plastic film mulch,, first evening out at the bottom of pond, the bottom surface, junction at the wide mouth of bossing with slot, with the soil protuberance together spacing stalk 7 of water level of high 3 centimetres, keep certain water level with after discharging water in urinal, then plastic film mulch, and get up with Buffer Pool 3 wide beds, with preventing water leakage.
If put seedling-cultivating tray support 8: evenly place the fragment of brick of high 5 centimetres of left and right according to the size of seedling-cultivating tray 2 as the other materials of support 8(or equal height at the bottom of pond), placement density is lived seedling-cultivating tray with energy suspension and is as the criterion.
2) water pump 4 is installed: water pump 4 should be used sewage pump, flow is determined according to nursery pond size, installs one, and water inlet pipe 5 and outlet pipe 6 can conveniently move (Fig. 1 is the view when water in nursery pond C is evacuated to nursery pond B) between three Buffer Pools.
In three nursery ponds, discharge water: the 6 centimetres of left and right of height that discharge water, with just floating being as the criterion of seedling-cultivating tray 2.Then add to Chi Shuizhong the fertilizer of growing seedlings, put into the seedling-cultivating tray of having broadcast cigarette kind simultaneously and carry out floating seedlings.
3) in the time that growing 4 true leaves, cigarette seedling (approximately needs 25 days), part water in nursery pond B and C is evacuated in nursery pond A with water pump 4, so that the seedling-cultivating tray in nursery pond B and C is suspended on support and seedling-cultivating tray bottom and the water surface keep the height of 3cm to carry out suspension (now spacing by the spacing stalk 7 of water level of growing seedlings, height of water level in nursery pond B, C is the about 2cm of the depth of water), the about 14cm of the nursery pond A(depth of water) interior seedling-cultivating tray is floating, proceeds floating seedlings;
4) interval, after 1 day, pumps into the part water in nursery pond A in nursery pond B, ensures the about 14cm of the nursery pond B(depth of water) carry out floating seedlings, and nursery pond A and the about 2cm of the C(depth of water) what carry out is that suspension is grown seedlings;
5) interval, after 1 day, pumps into the part water in nursery pond B in nursery pond C, ensures the about 14cm of the nursery pond C(depth of water) carry out floating seedlings, and nursery pond A and the about 2cm of the B(depth of water) what carry out is that suspension is grown seedlings;
6) interval is after 1 day, then the part water in nursery pond C is pumped in nursery pond A, ensures the about 14cm of the nursery pond A(depth of water) carry out floating seedlings, and nursery pond B and the about 2cm of the C(depth of water) what carry out is that suspension is grown seedlings; So alternate cycles is carried out, and after cigarette seedling grows 8 true leaves, water section is discharged, and ensures nursery pond A, B and all about 2cm of the C(depth of water) suspension grows seedlings 3 days, then transplants.
application test
1 materials and methods
Grow seedlings as experimental group by embodiment 2 methods, and establish a pond routinely floating seedlings culturing method grow seedlings as a control group.Other fertilizing managements etc. are all identical.
When off-test, investigate the biological character of seedling, and in transplant after the land for growing field crops early growth situation of investigating respectively for 15 days and 30 days.
2 result of the tests
Biological character when 2.1 different seedling raising manners cigarette seedling seedling
Biological character when table 1, different seedling raising manners seedling
As seen from Table 1: cigarette seedling leaf number is suitable with control group (conventional floating seedlings) for experimental group (floating outstanding alternate cycles is grown seedlings), but stem stalk is sturdy, and the fresh dry weight of root system is large, well developed root system, rhizome dry weight is compared conventional floating seedlings increases by 34%, and strong sprout, feature was obvious.
Root system development situation when 2.2 different seedling raising manners cigarette seedling seedling
Root system development situation when table 2, different seedling raising manners seedling
As seen from Table 2: experimental group (floating outstanding alternate cycles is grown seedlings) increases by 32% than the total root of control group (conventional floating seedlings) is long, and total root volume increases by 31%.Show to adopt the experimental group of floating outstanding alternate cycles seedling raising manners to educate cigarette shoot root system more powerful, go back seedling and send out prosperous morning length after being beneficial to transplanting.
2.3 transplant rear grown in field situation
Table 3, different seedling raising manners are planted rear grown in field situation
As seen from Table 2: plant latter 30 days, than 1.3 of control group (conventional floating seedlings) number of blade increases, plant height increases by 15% to experimental group (floating outstanding alternate cycles is grown seedlings), and integral shroud footpath increases by 13%, and after planting, substantially without going back seedling stage, growth potential is obviously strong.
Claims (2)
1. the floating outstanding alternate cycles seedling-cultivating method that grows tobacco, it is characterized in that, adopt in advance the mode of floating seedlings to grow seedlings filling in standoff nursery pond, in the time that cigarette seedling grows 3-5 sheet true leaf, discharging part water in nursery pond makes seedling-cultivating tray be suspended on support and seedling-cultivating tray bottom keeps the height of 2-3cm to carry out suspension with the water surface growing seedlings, in interval 1-3 days backward nursery ponds, pass into water and carry out floating seedlings, again within interval 1-3 days, discharge afterwards part water in nursery pond and carry out suspension and grow seedlings, so alternate cycles is carried out floating and suspension and is grown seedlings; Treat that cigarette seedling grows the 8-9 sheet true leaf rear suspension 2-3 days that grows seedlings, and then transplants; Wherein, the water in described nursery pond is to contain the fertile aqueous solution of growing seedlings.
2. the floating outstanding alternate cycles seedling-cultivating method of tobacco as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, comprises the steps:
1) be arranged side by side three identical nursery pond A, B and C, lay one deck antiseepage film at the bottom of pond, then in antiseepage film, place the fragment of brick of high 5cm as support, the placement density of fragment of brick is lived seedling-cultivating tray with energy suspension and is as the criterion;
2) in three nursery ponds, discharge water, seedling-cultivating tray is placed on simultaneously and on support, carries out floating seedlings;
3) in the time that cigarette seedling grows 4 true leaves, part water in nursery pond B and C is evacuated in nursery pond A with pump, so that the seedling-cultivating tray in nursery pond B and C is suspended on support and seedling-cultivating tray bottom keeps the height of 2-3cm to carry out suspension with the water surface growing seedlings, proceed floating seedlings in nursery pond A;
4) interval, after 1 day, pumps into the part water in nursery pond A in the B of pond, ensures that nursery pond B carries out floating seedlings, is that suspension is grown seedlings and nursery pond A and C carry out;
5) interval, after 1 day, pumps into the part water in nursery pond B in nursery pond C, ensures that nursery pond C carries out floating seedlings, is that suspension is grown seedlings and nursery pond A and B carry out;
6) interval is after 1 day, then the part water in nursery pond C is pumped in nursery pond A, ensures that nursery pond A carries out floating seedlings, is that suspension is grown seedlings and nursery pond B and C carry out; So alternate cycles is carried out, and after cigarette seedling grows 8-9 sheet true leaf, the equal suspension of nursery pond A, B and the C 2-3 days that grows seedlings, then transplants.
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Cited By (6)
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CN106106099A (en) * | 2016-07-04 | 2016-11-16 | 广东省烟草南雄科学研究所 | A kind of lean tobacco floating seed rearing method |
CN107124975A (en) * | 2017-04-19 | 2017-09-05 | 湖北省烟草科学研究院 | The tobacco cultivation method that a kind of frame bed nursery combination Wen Daoshi is transplanted |
CN109329033A (en) * | 2018-11-06 | 2019-02-15 | 云南省烟草公司普洱市公司 | The floating seedling cultivation of fire-cured tobacco device and method of recoverable flowing nutrient solution |
CN109792946A (en) * | 2019-02-13 | 2019-05-24 | 中国烟草总公司四川省公司 | It a kind of floating seedlings seedbed of the disk that dries in the air automatically and dries in the air disk method automatically |
CN114521479A (en) * | 2022-03-14 | 2022-05-24 | 河南科技大学 | Two-stage tobacco seedling raising method based on microbial growth promotion and air root arrangement |
CN114885786A (en) * | 2022-06-20 | 2022-08-12 | 中国烟草总公司海南省公司 | Seedling culture method for culturing strong cigar seedlings at high temperature in early stage |
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CN103477960A (en) * | 2013-09-22 | 2014-01-01 | 韦斌 | Self-sucking pump circulating intermittent-type water-controlling seedling hardening method |
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Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN107124975A (en) * | 2017-04-19 | 2017-09-05 | 湖北省烟草科学研究院 | The tobacco cultivation method that a kind of frame bed nursery combination Wen Daoshi is transplanted |
CN109329033A (en) * | 2018-11-06 | 2019-02-15 | 云南省烟草公司普洱市公司 | The floating seedling cultivation of fire-cured tobacco device and method of recoverable flowing nutrient solution |
CN109792946A (en) * | 2019-02-13 | 2019-05-24 | 中国烟草总公司四川省公司 | It a kind of floating seedlings seedbed of the disk that dries in the air automatically and dries in the air disk method automatically |
CN114521479A (en) * | 2022-03-14 | 2022-05-24 | 河南科技大学 | Two-stage tobacco seedling raising method based on microbial growth promotion and air root arrangement |
CN114885786A (en) * | 2022-06-20 | 2022-08-12 | 中国烟草总公司海南省公司 | Seedling culture method for culturing strong cigar seedlings at high temperature in early stage |
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