CN104160933B - Tobacco suspended alternative circulating seedling method - Google Patents
Tobacco suspended alternative circulating seedling method Download PDFInfo
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- CN104160933B CN104160933B CN201410349395.6A CN201410349395A CN104160933B CN 104160933 B CN104160933 B CN 104160933B CN 201410349395 A CN201410349395 A CN 201410349395A CN 104160933 B CN104160933 B CN 104160933B
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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Abstract
The invention particularly relates to a tobacco suspended alternative circulating seedling method. Seedling is firstly carried out in a seedling pond provided with a support in advance by means of a floating seedling mode, when 3-5 true leaves grow out from each tobacco seedling, a part of water in the seedling pond is discharged so that a seedling-raising plate is suspended on the support, the distance between the bottom of the seedling-raising plate and the water surface keeps 2-3 cm for suspension seedling, water is introduced into the seedling pond after 1-3 days so that the seedlings can float, a part of water in the seedling pond is discharged after another 1-3 days for suspension seedling, and floating seedling and suspension seedling are carried out in a alternately circulating mode; when 8-9 true leaves grow out from each tobacco seedling, suspension seedling is carried out for 2-3 days, and then the tobacco seedlings are transplanted, wherein the water in the seedling pond is aqueous solutions containing seedling fertilizers. Seedling is carried out in the method, so that root systems of the tobacco seedlings are strong, stress resistance of the transplanted tobacco seedlings is high, and the seedling survival period does not exist basically.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to tobacco seedling technical field, be specifically related to one and grow tobacco floating outstanding alternate cycles method for culturing seedlings.
Background technology
At present, cigarette area 18,000,000 mu is planted throughout the year by China, and the seedling raising manners overwhelming majority is floating seedlings and moistening seedling raising manners.Floating seedlings mode is the seedlings nursing plate made of polystyrene, and interior filling substrate swims in and carries out nursery on nutrition liquid level, is characterized in that tobacco seedling growth is neat, and cost is relatively low, it is simple to management, beneficially batch production, large-scale production.Therefore, this technology is after the nineties introduces China, and perfect by digesting and assimilating and innovating, in China, tobacco business quickly grows, and has the most exceeded the 90% of the gross area at usable floor area in 2009.But along with the expansion of area, the defect of itself the most substantially shows.Due to tobacco root system long term growth at moisture close in saturated environment, the nutritional solution water surface and air partition make it melt hypoxgia, cause improving activity of root system to weaken, and it is long that tobacco seedlings returns the Seedling time after transplanting, as the most dead in run into hot dry weather.Due to these defects of floating seedlings, Nicotiana tabacum L. scientific worker combines over traditional earth culture seedling raising manners, investigated again moistening seedling raising manners, particularly as follows: use the floating mode of shallow water in nursery early stage, utilizes at middle and late stage and manually carries out discontinuity water spray.Owing to discontinuity is sprayed water, making root system be in the environment of alternation of wetting and drying, induction root system further growth is grown, and therefore uses the method nursery tobacco root to grow than floating seedlings root system, goes back the Seedling time and shorten dramatically after transplanting.Therefore, moistening nursery is the most gradually promoted and is come.But owing to moistening nursery to rely on a large amount of artificial water spray, relatively costly, management inconvenience so that promote and receive again a certain degree of restriction.
Summary of the invention
For overcoming prior art not enough, present invention aim at providing one to grow tobacco and float outstanding alternate cycles method for culturing seedlings, use the method to carry out nursery, tobacco seedling well developed root system, tobacco seedlings strong stress resistance after transplanting, substantially there is no seedling-slowing stage.
For achieving the above object, this invention takes techniques below scheme:
One grows tobacco floats outstanding alternate cycles method for culturing seedlings, it uses the mode of floating seedlings to carry out nursery in filling standoff nursery pond in advance, when tobacco seedlings grows 3-5 sheet true leaf, discharge the part water in nursery pond make seedlings nursing plate be suspended on support and keep the height of 2-3cm to carry out suspension nursery with the water surface bottom seedlings nursing plate, it is spaced 1-3 days and is passed through water in backward nursery pond and carries out floating seedlings, the part water that interval was discharged in nursery pond after 1-3 days again carries out suspension nursery, and such alternate cycles carries out floating and suspension nursery；Treat that tobacco seedlings grows 8-9 sheet true leaf rear suspension nursery 2-3 days, then transplant；Wherein, the water in described nursery pond is the aqueous solution (i.e. nutritional solution) fertile containing nursery.
Concrete, the floating outstanding alternate cycles method for culturing seedlings of above-mentioned Nicotiana tabacum L., comprise the steps:
1) being arranged side by side three identical nursery pond A, B and C, lay one layer of antiseepage film at the bottom of pond, the fragment of brick then placing high 5cm in antiseepage film is as the criterion with energy suspension firmly seedlings nursing plate as support, the placement density of fragment of brick；
2) discharge water in three nursery ponds, seedlings nursing plate is placed on support simultaneously and carries out floating seedlings；
3) when tobacco seedlings grows 4 true leaves, by in the part water pumping in nursery pond B and C to nursery pond A, so that the seedlings nursing plate in nursery pond B and C is suspended on support and keeps the height of 2-3cm to carry out suspension nursery (now the height of water level in nursery pond B and C is just maintained at 2-3cm) with the water surface bottom seedlings nursing plate, in nursery pond A, proceed floating seedlings；
4) interval is after 1 day, pumps in the B of pond by the part water in nursery pond A, it is ensured that nursery pond B carries out floating seedlings, and nursery pond A and C is carried out is suspension nursery；
5) interval is after 1 day, pumps in nursery pond C by the part water in nursery pond B, it is ensured that nursery pond C carries out floating seedlings, and nursery pond A and B is carried out is suspension nursery；
6) interval is after 1 day, then pumps in nursery pond A by the part water in nursery pond C, it is ensured that nursery pond A carries out floating seedlings, and nursery pond B and C is carried out is suspension nursery；So alternate cycles is carried out, after tobacco seedlings grows 8-9 sheet true leaf, and nursery pond A, B and C equal suspension nursery 2-3 days, then transplant.
Above-mentioned pond, tobacco seedling pond three shares the amount of a conventional water, and the every water of nursery early stage is 1/3rd of constant, sets support at the bottom of pond.Utilize water pump at interval of the regular hour at nursery middle and late stage, alternately a certain water is discharged in another pond, the seedlings nursing plate float that water is many carries out floating seedlings, two other pond seedlings nursing plates are then suspended on support and keep the height of 2-3cm to carry out suspension nursery with the water surface, are thusly-formed the most floating outstanding and alternate cycles of water of seedlings nursing plate.Realize the interruption supply of moisture, increase and water melts oxygen, control water supply in media, form air quality grade and drought stress environment, promote the further growth of root system.By this new by the way of, it is achieved after Miao Zhuan, well developed root system, transplanting tobacco seedlings strong stress resistance and save labour and reduce seedling cost.Note: if water reduces in pond, when can not meet the seedlings nursing plate floating state in a wherein pond, should suitably keep the skin wet.
The inventive method is on the basis of China's tobacco seedling mode overwhelming majority uses floating seedlings and moistening nursery, the problem do not strengthened close to root system in the environment of saturated at moisture for floating seedlings root system long term growth, and the problem that moistening nursery is manually sprayed water, labor intensity is big, relatively costly；In conjunction with the advantage of the two, investigated a kind of novel seedling raising manners, the seedling raising manners that i.e. floating outstanding alternate cycles is carried out.Its innovative point is: one floats, and i.e. swims at nursery early stage seedlings nursing plate and can improve water temperature on shallow water nutritional solution and be beneficial to emerge；Float over discontinuously on nutritional solution at middle and late stage, with supplementary nutrient and moisture.Two hang, and are setting the high support of about 5cm at the bottom of nursery pond, after nursery middle and late stage is interrupted every time and discharges water, pool inner water position is highly maintained at 2-3cm, makes the water surface separate with seedlings nursing plate, increases in water and melts oxygen in substrate, and control moisture in substrate, beneficially root growth, increase improving activity of root system.Three alternately, and floating seedlings and suspension nursery by intervals alternately, are induced and meet root growth alternately.Four circulations, three nursery pond water are together in series, and cycle alternation supplies, and can economize on nutritional solution more than 40%.Five mechanizations, alternative water-supply uses water pump, can save a large amount of labour force.Six is effective, and educated tobacco seedlings root is strengthened energetic, does not substantially have seedling-slowing stage after cultivation.
Compared to the prior art, beneficial effects of the present invention:
Through test, compared with traditional floating seedlings mode, method for culturing seedlings tobacco root system growing environment of the present invention has greatly improved, and total root length increases by 32%, and total root volume increases by 31%, and rhizome dry weight is than improve 34%；After transplanting, slow Seedling is fast, plants latter 30 days, and the number of sheets increases by 1.3, and plant height increases by 15%.Compared with moistening seedling raising manners, recruitment more than 60% can be reduced.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of three the nursery pond series connection used in the inventive method；
Fig. 2 is view during suspension nursery in single nursery pond, in figure in Buffer Pool waterline 9 far below the height of the spacing stalk of water level 7；
Fig. 3 is view during floating seedlings in single nursery pond, and in figure, in Buffer Pool, waterline 9 flushes bottom seedlings nursing plate 2；
In above-mentioned figure: 2 is seedlings nursing plate, 3 is Buffer Pool, and 4 is water pump, and 5 is water inlet pipe, and 6 is outlet pipe, and 1 is the spacing stalk of water level, and 8 is support, and 9 is waterline.
Detailed description of the invention
Below by way of specific embodiment, technical solution of the present invention is described, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto.
Embodiment
1
One grows tobacco floats outstanding alternate cycles method for culturing seedlings, it uses the mode of floating seedlings to carry out nursery in filling standoff nursery pond in advance, when tobacco seedlings grows 4 true leaves, part water in discharge nursery pond makes seedlings nursing plate be suspended on support and the height of the distance from bottom water surface is that 3cm carries out suspension nursery, it is spaced 2 days and is passed through water in backward nursery pond and carries out floating seedlings, the part water that interval was discharged in nursery pond after 2 days again carries out suspension nursery, and such alternate cycles carries out floating and suspension nursery；Treat that tobacco seedlings grows 9 true leaf rear suspension nursery 3 days, then transplant；Wherein, the water in described nursery pond is the aqueous solution (i.e. nutritional solution) fertile containing nursery.
Embodiment
2
One grows tobacco floats outstanding alternate cycles method for culturing seedlings (see Fig. 1 to 3), comprises the steps:
1) the single span width of general booth is 8 meters, builds nursery pond A, B and the C of three identical (span widths about 2.3 meters, pond length is depending on booth length), pool side height 18 cm in the range of this side by side.Pond be shaped as convex, the protruding convex clear span of part 30 centimetres, clean long 30 centimetres, dig deep 30 centimetres, form a Buffer Pool 3 in this part.
Lay antiseepage film: first even out at the bottom of pond before plastic film mulch, in the bottom surface, junction of bossing width mouth Yu slot, swell one spacing stalk of water level 7 of high 3 centimetres with soil, to keep certain water level after discharging water in urinal, then plastic film mulch, and get up with Buffer Pool 3 wide bed, with preventing water leakage.
If putting seedlings nursing plate support 8: uniformly placing the fragment of brick of high 5 cm at the bottom of pond as support 8(or mutually level other materials according to the size of seedlings nursing plate 2), place density being as the criterion by suspension firmly seedlings nursing plate.
2) installing water pump 4: sewage pump preferably use by water pump 4, depending on flow foundation nursery pond size, install one, water inlet pipe 5 and outlet pipe 6 can facilitate and move (view when Fig. 1 is that the water in nursery pond C is evacuated to nursery pond B) between three Buffer Pools.
Discharge water in three nursery ponds: discharge water height 6 cm, is as the criterion with seedlings nursing plate 2 just float.Then in water, add nursery fertile, put into simultaneously and broadcast the seedlings nursing plate of cigarette kind and carry out floating seedlings.
3) when tobacco seedlings grows 4 true leaves, (25 days are about needed), with water pump 4, the part water in nursery pond B and C is evacuated in nursery pond A, so that the seedlings nursing plate in nursery pond B and C is suspended on support and keeps the height of 3cm to carry out suspension nursery (spacing now by the spacing stalk of water level 7 bottom seedlings nursing plate with the water surface, height of water level in nursery pond B, C i.e. depth of water about 2cm), the nursery pond A(depth of water about 14cm) interior seedlings nursing plate is floating, proceeds floating seedlings；
4) interval is after 1 day, pumps in nursery pond B by the part water in nursery pond A, it is ensured that the nursery pond B(depth of water about 14cm) carry out floating seedlings, and nursery pond A and the C(depth of water about 2cm) carry out is suspension nursery；
5) interval is after 1 day, pumps in nursery pond C by the part water in nursery pond B, it is ensured that the nursery pond C(depth of water about 14cm) carry out floating seedlings, and nursery pond A and the B(depth of water about 2cm) carry out is suspension nursery；
6) interval is after 1 day, then pumps in nursery pond A by the part water in nursery pond C, it is ensured that the nursery pond A(depth of water about 14cm) carry out floating seedlings, and nursery pond B and the C(depth of water about 2cm) carry out is suspension nursery；So alternate cycles is carried out, and after tobacco seedlings grows 8 true leaves, is discharged by water section, it is ensured that nursery pond A, B and C(depth of water the most about 2cm) suspension nursery 3 days, then transplant.
Application test
1 materials and methods
Carry out nursery as test group by embodiment 2 method, and set pond float seedling method routinely and carry out nursery as a control group.Other fertilizing managements etc. are the most identical.
The biological character of seedling, and the investigation land for growing field crops early growth situation respectively of 15 days and 30 days after transplanting is investigated during off-test.
2 result of the tests
Biological character during 2.1 different seedling raising manners tobacco seedlings seedling
Biological character when table 1, different seedling raising manners seedling
As seen from Table 1: test group (floating outstanding alternate cycles nursery) the tobacco seedlings number of blade is suitable with matched group (conventional floating seedlings), but stem stalk is sturdy, and the fresh dry weight of root system is big, well developed root system, and the most conventional floating seedlings of rhizome dry weight increases by 34%, and strong sprout, feature was obvious.
Root system development situation during 2.2 different seedling raising manners tobacco seedlings seedling
Root system development situation when table 2, different seedling raising manners seedling
As seen from Table 2: test group (floating outstanding alternate cycles nursery) increases by 32% than matched group (conventional floating seedlings) total root length, and total root volume increases by 31%.Show that the educated tobacco root system of test group using floating outstanding alternate cycles seedling raising manners is more powerful, go back Seedling after being beneficial to transplant and send out morning length prosperous.
Grown in field situation after 2.3 transplantings
Grown in field situation after table 3, different seedling raising manners cultivation
As seen from Table 2: plant latter 30 days, test group (floating outstanding alternate cycles nursery) increases by 1.3 than matched group (conventional floating seedlings) number of blade, and plant height increases by 15%, and integral shroud footpath increases by 13%, and substantially without also seedling stage after cultivation, growth potential is the strongst.
Claims (1)
1. one grow tobacco floating outstanding alternate cycles method for culturing seedlings, it is characterized in that, the mode using floating seedlings in filling standoff nursery pond in advance carries out nursery, when tobacco seedlings grows 4 true leaves, discharge the part water in nursery pond make seedlings nursing plate be suspended on support and keep the height of 2-3cm to carry out suspension nursery with the water surface bottom seedlings nursing plate, it is spaced 2 days and is passed through water in backward nursery pond and carries out floating seedlings, the part water that interval was discharged in nursery pond after 1 day again carries out suspension nursery, and such alternate cycles carries out floating and suspension nursery；Treat that tobacco seedlings grows 8-9 sheet true leaf rear suspension nursery 2-3 days, then transplant；Wherein, the water in described nursery pond is the aqueous solution fertile containing nursery；Specifically include following steps:
1) being arranged side by side three identical nursery pond A, B and C, lay one layer of antiseepage film at the bottom of pond, the fragment of brick then placing high 5cm in antiseepage film is as the criterion with energy suspension firmly seedlings nursing plate as support, the placement density of fragment of brick；
2) discharge water in three nursery ponds, seedlings nursing plate is placed on support simultaneously and carries out floating seedlings；
3) when tobacco seedlings grows 4 true leaves, by in the part water pumping in nursery pond B and C to nursery pond A, so that the seedlings nursing plate in nursery pond B and C is suspended on support and keeps the height of 2-3cm to carry out suspension nursery with the water surface bottom seedlings nursing plate, in nursery pond A, proceed floating seedlings；
4) interval is after 1 day, pumps in the B of pond by the part water in nursery pond A, it is ensured that nursery pond B carries out floating seedlings, and nursery pond A and C is carried out is suspension nursery；
5) interval is after 1 day, pumps in nursery pond C by the part water in nursery pond B, it is ensured that nursery pond C carries out floating seedlings, and nursery pond A and B is carried out is suspension nursery；
6) interval is after 1 day, then pumps in nursery pond A by the part water in nursery pond C, it is ensured that nursery pond A carries out floating seedlings, and nursery pond B and C is carried out is suspension nursery；So alternate cycles is carried out, after tobacco seedlings grows 8-9 sheet true leaf, and nursery pond A, B and C equal suspension nursery 2-3 days, then transplant.
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| CN201410349395.6A CN104160933B (en) | 2014-07-22 | 2014-07-22 | Tobacco suspended alternative circulating seedling method |
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Families Citing this family (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN106106099A (en) * | 2016-07-04 | 2016-11-16 | 广东省烟草南雄科学研究所 | A kind of lean tobacco floating seed rearing method |
| CN107124975A (en) * | 2017-04-19 | 2017-09-05 | 湖北省烟草科学研究院 | The tobacco cultivation method that a kind of frame bed nursery combination Wen Daoshi is transplanted |
| CN109329033A (en) * | 2018-11-06 | 2019-02-15 | 云南省烟草公司普洱市公司 | The floating seedling cultivation of fire-cured tobacco device and method of recoverable flowing nutrient solution |
| CN109792946A (en) * | 2019-02-13 | 2019-05-24 | 中国烟草总公司四川省公司 | It a kind of floating seedlings seedbed of the disk that dries in the air automatically and dries in the air disk method automatically |
| CN114521479B (en) * | 2022-03-14 | 2023-05-26 | 河南科技大学 | Two-stage tobacco seedling raising method based on microbial growth promotion and air whole root |
| CN114885786A (en) * | 2022-06-20 | 2022-08-12 | 中国烟草总公司海南省公司 | Seedling culture method for culturing strong cigar seedlings at high temperature in early stage |
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| JP2002291358A (en) * | 2001-03-30 | 2002-10-08 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | Hydroponics |
| CN101473755B (en) * | 2009-01-24 | 2012-06-13 | 云南省烟草公司玉溪市公司 | Floating seedling cultivation for flue-cured tobacco |
| US20110023359A1 (en) * | 2009-07-29 | 2011-02-03 | David Raring | Aeroponic growing apparatus and method |
| CN101699985B (en) * | 2009-11-17 | 2013-01-23 | 贵州省烟草科学研究所 | Method for controlling water of seedbed of cured tobacco seedlings by floating cultivation |
| CN202197636U (en) * | 2011-06-03 | 2012-04-25 | 遵义市烟草公司湄潭县分公司 | Seedling growing pond structure capable of realizing cyclic wetting and drying alternation during floating seedling growing |
| CN103392574B (en) * | 2013-08-02 | 2014-09-10 | 中国烟草总公司重庆市公司烟草科学研究所 | Method for growing seedlings by using intermittent flow type nutrient liquid film |
| CN103477960A (en) * | 2013-09-22 | 2014-01-01 | 韦斌 | Self-sucking pump circulating intermittent-type water-controlling seedling hardening method |
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