CN101390426B - 用于无线通信系统中信息的效率的设备及方法 - Google Patents

用于无线通信系统中信息的效率的设备及方法 Download PDF

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CN101390426B
CN101390426B CN200680048038XA CN200680048038A CN101390426B CN 101390426 B CN101390426 B CN 101390426B CN 200680048038X A CN200680048038X A CN 200680048038XA CN 200680048038 A CN200680048038 A CN 200680048038A CN 101390426 B CN101390426 B CN 101390426B
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阿纳布·达斯
桑迪普·拉恩冈
帕勃罗·亚历杭德罗·阿尼哥斯坦
厉隽怿
萨特亚德夫·文卡塔·乌帕拉
拉吉夫·拉罗亚
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Qualcomm Inc
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    • H04L1/0026—Transmission of channel quality indication
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
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    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
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    • H04L27/2646—Arrangements specific to the transmitter only using feedback from receiver for adjusting OFDM transmission parameters, e.g. transmission timing or guard interval length
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    • H04W28/00—Network traffic management; Network resource management
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
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    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W28/00—Network traffic management; Network resource management
    • H04W28/02—Traffic management, e.g. flow control or congestion control
    • H04W28/10—Flow control between communication endpoints
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
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    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
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    • H04W72/566—Allocation or scheduling criteria for wireless resources based on priority criteria of the information or information source or recipient
    • H04W72/569—Allocation or scheduling criteria for wireless resources based on priority criteria of the information or information source or recipient of the traffic information

Abstract

本发明描述用于在无线通信系统中高效率发送报告的技术。可根据报告格式重复地发送报告。终端接收用于发送报告的控制信道的指派并基于所述指派来确定使用的报告格式。所述报告格式指示在控制信道帧的特定位置中发送的特定报告序列。所述终端针对每一报告间隔产生一组报告并根据所述报告格式来布置所述组的报告。所述终端在多个报告间隔中重复地发送多个组的报告。也可基于操作条件而自适应地发送报告。可基于所述终端的所述操作条件而选择适当的报告格式，所述操作条件可由环境(例如，移动性)、能力、QoS及/或其它因素表征。

Description

用于无线通信系统中信息的效率的设备及方法
技术领域
本揭示内容一般来说涉及通信，而更具体来说涉及用于在无线通信系统中报告信息的技术。 
背景技术
无线多址通信系统可同时支持在下行链路及上行链路上对多个终端的通信。所述下行链路(或正向链路)是指从基站到终端的通信链路，而所述上行链路(或反向链路)是指从终端到基站的通信链路。 
所述终端可以位于所述系统的各处，而且可以观测到不同的信道条件。此外，所述终端可具有不同的数据需求及/或能力。所述终端可报告各种类型的信息以便从所述系统获得足够的服务并确保正确的系统操作。例如，终端可估计基站的下行链路的信道质量并可在所述上行链路上向所述基站发送信道质量报告。所述基站可使用所述信道质量报告来将无线电资源指派给所述终端及/或为在所述下行链路上向所述终端的传输选择适当的数据速率。 
所述终端报告的信息尽管具有相关性或重要性，但增加所述系统的开销。因此，需要尽可能高效率地发送所述信息，以使得更多可用无线电资源可用于发送数据。因此此项技术需要用以在无线通信系统中高效率报告信息的技术。 
发明内容
本文说明用以在无线通信系统中高效率地发送报告的技术。所述报告可传递各种类型的信息，例如信道质量、无线电资源请求、可用传输功率、干扰、待办事项信息、扇区信息等。 
在一个实施例中，根据报告格式来重复地发送报告。终端接收用于发送报告的控制信道的指派并基于所述指派来确定供使用的报告格式。例如，一种报告格式可用于所述控制信道的完全指派(例如，全音调)，而另一种报告格式可用于部分指派(例如，分割音调)。报告格式指示在控制信道帧的特定位置中所发送的特定的报告序列。如下文所述，报告格式还可具有其它特征。所述终端针对每一报告间隔产生一组报告并根据所述报告格式来布置所述组的报告。所述终端重复地在多个报告间隔中使用所述报告格式发送多组报告。 
在另一个实施例中，基于操作条件来自适应地发送报告。终端根据第一报告格式将报告发送到基站。所述第一报告格式可以是缺省报告格式，或可以是基于所述终端的当前操作条件而选择。所述操作条件的特征可以是所述终端的环境(例如移动性)、所述终端的能力、针对所述终端的业务服务质量(QoS)等。检测所述操作条件的改变。接着，根据检测到的所述操作条件的改变来选择第二报告格式。然后，终端根据所述第二报告格式发送报告。无论何时只要检测到所述操作条件的改变，便可选择适当的报告格式以供使用。 
下面进一步详细说明本发明的各个方面及实施例。 
附图说明
从上述详细说明并结合图示会更加明了本发明的实施例的各方面，在全部所述图示中相同的参考字符相应地进行识别。 
图1显示无线通信系统。 
图2显示实例性信号结构。 
图3显示专用控制信道(DCCH)的实例性结构。 
图4显示所述DCCH的实例性指派。 
图5显示用于所述DCCH的报告传输方案。 
图6显示用于所述DCCH的全音调指派的报告格式。 
图7显示用于全音调指派的另一种报告格式。 
图8显示用于3路分割音调指派的报告格式。 
图9显示用于控制信道的报告传输方案。 
图10显示具有可选择报告格式的报告传输方案。 
图11显示用以重复地发送报告的过程。 
图12显示用以重复地发送报告的设备。 
图13显示用以基于操作条件发送报告的过程。 
图14显示用以基于操作条件发送报告的设备。 
图15显示基站及终端的方块图。 
具体实施方式
本文中使用的″实例性″一词表示″用作实例、例示或例证″。本文中当作″实例性″来说明的任何实施例或设计未必解释比其它实施例或设计更为优选或有利。 
图1显示具有多个基站110及多个终端120的无线通信系统100。基站是与所述终端通信的站。基站也可称为节点B、接入点及/或某些其它网络物理而且可包含节点B、接入点及/或某些其它网络物理的某些或所有功能性。每一基站110提供对特定地理区域102的通信覆盖。术语″小区″根据使用所述术语的上下文可以是指基站及/或其覆盖区域。为提高系统能力，可将基站覆盖区域分割成多个较小区域，例如三个较小 区域104a、104b及104c。每一较小区域可由相应基站扇区(BSS)来服务，所述扇区也可称为基站收发器子系统(BTS)。术语″扇区″根据使用所述术语的上下文可以是指BSS及/或其覆盖区域。对于扇区化小区来说，用于所述小区的所有扇区的BSS通常共处于用于所述小区的基站内。本文所述的报告技术可用于具有扇区化小区的系统以及具有非扇区化小区的系统。在下面的说明中，术语″基站″通常是指服务小区的站以及服务扇区的站。 
对于集中式体系结构，系统控制器130耦合到基站110并向所述基站提供协调及控制。系统控制器130可以是单一的网络物理或网络物理的集合。对于分布式体系结构来说，所述基站可按需要互相通信。 
终端120可分布于整个系统，而且每一终端可以是固定或移动的。终端也可称为无线终端(WT)、接入终端(AT)、移动台(MS)、用户设备(UE)、订户台及/或某些其它物理而且可包含无线终端(WT)、接入终端(AT)、移动台(MS)、用户设备(UE)、订户台及/或某些其它物理的某些或所有功能性。终端可以是无线装置、蜂窝式电话、个人数字助理(PDA)、无线调制解调器、手持式装置等。终端可经由所述下行链路及上行链路上的传输而与一个或一个以上的基站通信。在以下说明中，可以互换地使用术语″终端″与″用户″。 
本文中所述的报告技术可用于各种无线通信系统。所述技术也可用于各种无线电技术及多址方案，例如码分多址(CDMA)、时分多址(TDMA)、频分多址(FDMA)、正交FDMA(OFDMA)、 及单载波FDMA(SC-FDMA)。OFDMA及SC-FDMA将频带(例如，系统带宽)分割成多个正交音调，所述正交音调也称为副载波、子频带、类别等。可用数据来调制每一音调。一般来说，通过OFDMA在频域中而通过SC-FDMA在时域中发送调制符号。所述技术也可用于使用多址方案的组合(例如，OFDMA与CDMA)的无线通信系统。 
为简洁起见，下面针对实例性OFDM系统说明所述报告技术的特定方面。一般来说，所述OFDMA系统可使用具有任何数量的总音调与任何数量的可用音调的任何音调结构。在实例性实施例中，所述OFDMA系统使用具有128个总音调及113个可用音调的音调结构。可采取此项技术中已知的方式来产生OFDM符号，并在OFDM符号周期(或者简单来说，符号周期)中对其进行发送。 
本文所述报告技术可用于各种信号结构。信号结构指数据及信令的发送方式。为简洁起见，下面说明实例性信号结构。 
图2显示信号结构200的一个实施例。将用于发送的时间线分成超特大时隙。每一超特大时隙具有预定持续时间(例如，约13.1秒)且包括索引为0至7的八个特大时隙。每一特大时隙包括索引为0至17的18个信标时隙，而每一信标时隙包括索引为0至7的八个超时隙。对于下行链路，每一超时隙包括后面跟有索引为0至7的八个时隙的标题(H)。所述超时隙标题跨两个符号周期，每一时隙跨14个符号周期，且每一超时隙跨114个符号周期。对于上行链路，每一超时隙包括后面跟有索引为0至14 的15个驻留区间的上行链路接入信道(UL.ACH)。所述UL.ACH跨9个符号周期，每一驻留区间跨7个符号周期，而每一超时隙跨114个符号周期。 
图2显示特定的信号结构。也可使用各种其它信号结构，且这在本发明的范围内。为简洁起见，下文将针对图2中所示的信号结构说明所述报告技术。 
在一个实施例中，一旦与基站的连接转变为开启状态时，便为终端指派专用控制信道(DCCH)的多个段。可将连接视为针对所述物理(PHY)及/或媒体接入控制(MAC)层而在所述终端与所述基站之间建立的信道的集合。所述终端在处于所述开启状态时可能能够在所述下行链路上接收数据及/或在所述上行链路上传输数据。所述终端使用所指派的DCCH段在所述上行链路上将报告发送到所述基站。如下文所述，所述报告可以是各种类型的信息。 
可以以各种方式来实施DCCH。在一个实施例中，所述DCCH包含一组逻辑音调(例如，31个逻辑音调)，其也称为DCCH音调。每一DCCH音调可以映射到每一驻留区间中的特定的可用/物理音调，且可基于音调跳跃操作在不同驻留区间中的物理音调之间跳跃。 
图3显示DCCH结构300的一个实施例。在这一实施例中，针对每一信标时隙中的每一DCCH音调，定义索引为0至39的40个DCCH段。信标时隙包括64个时隙，或者等效地包括索引为0至127的128个半时隙。每一DCCH段使用一个音调且跨三个半时隙。通过每一超时隙的最后15个半时隙来形成五个DCCH段，其中第一个半时隙用于所述UL.ACH。因此，通过超时隙0中的半时隙1至15来形成DCCH段0至4，通过超时隙1(图3中未显示)中的半时隙17至31来形成DCCH段5至9，以此类推，且通过超时隙7中的半时隙125至127形成DCCH段35至39。 
在图3所示实施例中，31个逻辑音调用于所述DCCH，针对每一信标时隙中的每一DCCH音调定义40个DCCH段，且在每一信标时隙中总共有1240个DCCH段可用。可以以各种方式将可用的DCCH段指派给终端。 
图4显示用于图3所示DCCH结构的实例性指派方案。在一个实施例中，可将每一DCCH音调指派给一个或多个用户。可定义多个DCCH模式。每一DCCH模式可对应于正被指派既定DCCH音调的特定数量的用户。在完全DCCH模式中(其也称为全音调格式/指派)，将DCCH音调指派给一个用户，所述用户可在所述音调上的所有DCCH段中发送报告。在半DCCH模式中(其也称为2路分割音调格式/指派)，将DCCH音调指派给两个用户。在三分之一DCCH模式中(其也称为3路分割音调格式/指派)，将DCCH音调指派给三个用户。在四分之一DCCH模式中(其也称为4路分割音调格式/指派)，将DCCH音调指派给四个用户。还可定义其它DCCH模式。对于N路分割音调指派(其中N＞1)，N个用户可在一个DCCH音调的DCCH段中以时分多路复用(TDM)方式发送报告。可通过在所述用户中重复地循环并在每一循环中将一个DCCH段指派给每一用户，来将所述DCCH段指派给所述N个用户。然后将跨时间均匀分布的DCCH段指派给每一用户，如图4所示。对于所有指派，每一用户可在指派给所述 用户的DCCH段中发送报告。 
图3及4显示用于所述DCCH的结构及指派方案的特定实施例。所述实施例经由频率跳跃来提供频率分集而经由指派跨时间扩展的DCCH段来提供时间分集。还可以以其它方式来实施所述DCCH，并可以以其它方式将其分割并指派给用户。例如，可使用特定符号周期中的特定音调实施所述DCCH。作为另一个实例，可在既定时间间隔中将多个DCCH段指派给所述用户。为简洁起见，下文说明中大部分是针对图3及4所示的实施例。 
图5显示用于DCCH的报告传输方案500的实施例。在这一实施例中，终端在一信标时隙的每一报告间隔内于所述DCCH上将一组报告发送到基站。使用预先已知或者可由所述终端与所述基站两者确认的报告格式发送每一组报告。 
一般来说，报告格式是用以发送一个或一个以上的报告的结构。报告格式可传送各种参数，例如发送哪些类型的报告，每一类型报告的发送频率，每一报告的位置及长度及/或其它信息。报告格式也可称为报告结构、控制信道格式、DCCH格式，等等。可使用报告格式来高效率地发送报告，这是因为一般不需要管理信息(例如，标题)来传送使用所述报告格式所发送的每一报告的报告类型、位置、大小及格式。所述报告格式隐含全部或大部分的管理信息。因此，所述报告可全部或大部分包含有用信息而且极少包含甚或不包含管理信息。 
如图5中所示，可针对每一报告间隔(其是图5中的一个信标时隙)使用相同的报告格式来周期性地发送报告。然后，将在每一报告间隔中发送相同组的报告。但是，基于不同报告间隔中的测量结果及/或条件，所述报告中的值可一个报告组改变到另一报告组。对每一组中的报告的解释保持不变且由所述报告格式确定。 
终端可发送各种类型的报告。表1中列出一些报告类型并对每一报告类型进行简短说明。 
表1 
  报告类型   说明
  DLSNR   传送终端处所测量的基站的下行链路的信噪比(SNR)或信  道质量。
  UL请求   传送用于终端的后备资源信息。
  延迟信息   传送将由终端发送的数据所经历的延迟。
  DCCH补偿   传送终端处的可用传输功率。
  信标比   传送干扰信息。
  自噪声SNR   传送终端处的最高可达SNR。
  扇区边界   传送关于终端是否在两个扇区的边界处及(如果如此)在哪  一扇区边界处的信息。
DL SNR表示基站的下行链路信道质量或在终端处观察到所接收SNR。所述终端 可从一个或多个基站接收下行链路上的传输。所述终端可基于由每一基站发送的下行链路导频信道(DL.PICH)来测量所述基站的DL SNR。所述终端可产生每一基站的完全及增量DL SNR(delta DL SNR)报告。完全DL SNR报告给出在当前报告间隔中所测量的DL SNR。增量DL SNR报告给出增量SNR，其是当前报告间隔中的DL SNR与先前报告间隔中的DLSNR之间的差值。增量SNR还被称为相对SNR或微分SNR。如果所述终端可接收来自多个基站的下行链路发送，则基站的完全DL SNR报告还可指示所述基站是否是优选的。 
自噪声SNR是所述DL SNR的饱和度，而且是如果所述基站以无限功率传输信号时所述终端处的接收器将观察到的所接收信号的SNR。所述DL SNR的饱和度是由所述终端接收器的自噪声确定，其可由信道估计错误及/或其它因素所致。所述终端可如下确定所述DL SNR的饱和度。所述终端可假定：如果基站以功率P来传输，则可将所述DL SNR给出为： 
SNR ( P ) = G · P a 0 · G · P + N , 方程式(1) 
其中G表示从所述基站到所述终端的无线信道的路径增益。方程式(1)中的数量是以线性单位给出。 
项G·P表示在所述终端处所接收的信号功率。项N表示所接收的干扰功率。项a0·G·P表示自噪声，以使a0的较高值表示自噪声的较高值。所述终端可测量下行链路空信道(DL.NCH)的所接收功率以确定干扰功率N。所述终端还可测量所述DL.PICH的所接收功率(表示为G·P0)及SNR(表示为SNR0)。所述DL SNR的饱和度等于1/a0 且可以计算如下： 
自噪声 SNR = 1 a 0 = ( 1 SNR 0 - N G · P 0 ) - 1 .                 方程式(2) 
方程式(2)中的量是以线性单位给出。. 
所述UL请求传送所述终端处的待办事项信息。所述终端可保持一个或一个以上(例如，高达四个)MAC帧队列。每一MAC帧队列可缓冲一个请求群组的MAC帧。可从上层协议的包产生所述MAC帧。可将每一包映射到一个请求群组，且可将针对所述包而产生的所有MAC帧放置于所述相关MAC帧队列中。所述UL请求可传送在所述终端可传输的(例如四个)请求群组中MAC帧的数量，其表示所述终端的待办事项信息。所述基站可基于所述待办事项信息、信道条件及/或其它因素(例如，将要由所述终端发送的数据的优先权)来将业务信道段(或无线电资源)指派给所述终端。 
所述延迟信息传送将要由所述终端发送的数据所经历的延迟量。所述终端可保持追踪每一请求群组中的MAC帧所经历的延迟。例如，所述终端可保持D[k]，其指示请求群组k中的最旧MAC帧所经历的当前队首延迟(其中k＝0、...、3)。此外，所述延迟信息可包含所述请求群组中的MAC帧的延迟或D[k]。所述基站在将业务信道 段指派给所述终端时可考虑到所述延迟信息。 
所述DCCH补偿传送在所述终端处可用于在所述上行链路上传输的传输功率量。所述终端可调整所述DCCH的传输功率以实现在所述DCCH上所发送的报告的目标性能水平。所述终端具有某一最大传输功率，其可取决于所述终端的设计。所述DCCH补偿是所述最大传输功率与所述DCCH传输功率之间的差值，而且可如下给出： 
wtULDCCHBackOff＝wtPowerMax-wtULDCCHTxPower，    方程式(3) 
其中wtULDCCHTxPower是所述UL.DCCH的每一音调的传输功率， 
wtPowerMax是所述终端的最大传输功率，且 
wtULDCCHBackOff是所述DCCH补偿。 
方程式(3)中的所有量是以dBm为单位给出。可使用所述DCCH补偿来指派适当数量的音调及/或为所述上行链路上的传输选择适当数据速率。 
所述信标比将可能由所述终端所致的干扰传送到不同基站，且可用于所述上行链路上的干扰管理。所述终端可测量相对于服务基站的信道增益的相邻基站的信道增益(或信号强度)。所述终端可测量所述服务基站的所接收信标功率(PB0)及所接收导频信道功率(PP0)。所述终端可同样测量每一相邻基站i的所接收信标功率(PBi)及所接收导频信道功率(PPi)。然后，所述终端可计算基站i的信道增益比Gi，如下式： 
G i = PB i PB 0 or G i = PB i PP 0 · K · Z 0 ,                                    方程式(4) 
其中K是所述信标的每一音调传输功率相对于所述导频信道的传输功率的比，而Z0是取决于在所述服务基站中如何使用所述音调的缩放因数。 
可根据所述相邻基站的信道增益比来产生类属信标比报告(BNR)，如下式： 
Generic BNR = b 0 G 1 · b 1 + G 2 · b 2 + . . . , or                                   方程式(5) 
Generic BNR = b 0 max { G 1 · b 1 , G 2 · b 2 , . . . } ,                                   方程式(6) 
其中b0是由所述服务基站所广播的上行链路负载因数，而bi是由相邻基站i所广播的上行链路负载因数。方程式(5)及(6)中的量是以线性单位给出。上行链路负载因数bi指示基站i观察到的由基站i所服务的所有终端的上行链路上的负载。所述上行链路负载因数用于指示基站i所看到的业务负载量。所述基站可交换或广播其负载因数以控制上行链路干扰并增加总输出。 
所述终端可在具有偶数索引的信标时隙中使用方程式(5)且在具有奇数索引的信标时隙中使用方程式(6)来计算类属信标比报告。在所述终端将要向所述服务基站进行传输的情况下，所述类属信标比报告给出所有相邻基站(用方程式(5))或最近的相邻基站(用方程式(6))所遭受的干扰损失。 
可针对相邻基站k产生特殊信标比报告，如下式： 
Special BNR = b 0 G k · b k .                         方程式(7) 
如果所述终端将要向所述服务基站进行传输，则所述特殊信标比报告给出特定基站k所遭受的干扰损失。 
所述扇区边界传送关于所述终端是否位于相同基站的两个相邻扇区的边界处及(如果如此)在哪一扇区边界的信息。所述基站可使用所述扇区边界信息来协调所述两个扇区中所述业务信道的调度以在所述终端处于所述扇区边界时更好地服务所述终端。例如，所述基站可减小一个扇区处的传输功率以使得所述终端经历的来自所述扇区的较小干扰。 
表1给出可由终端发送以支持高效率的数据发送及正确的系统操作的某些报告类型。也可发送更少、不同及/或额外的报告类型，且这在本发明的范围内。 
图6显示可由终端针对所述DCCH进行全音调指派所使用的报告格式600的一个实施例。报告格式600覆盖具有40个DCCH段的DCCH帧，且可在一个信标时隙的8个超级槽中发送。DCCH帧是用于根据报告格式发送一组报告的DCCH的一个单元。报告格式600在每一DCCH段中具有六个信息位。图6中显示在报告格式600的每一DCCH段中所发送的报告。特定来说，在DCCH段0中发送5位DL SNR报告及1位UL请求，在DCCH段1中发送2位模式指示符及4位报告，在DCCH段2中发送3位增量DL SNR报告及3位UL请求，等等。 
表2列出报告格式600中所包括的不同报告类型以及每一类型的报告的数量。对于报告格式600来说，字段D可经配置以发送四种可能类型的报告中的一者(其指示于字段C中)。可配置的字段D提供以用于字段C的某些开销为代价下发生报告的灵活性。 
表2 
  报告类型/  字段   大小  (位)   说明  编号为600的报告 格式  编号为700的报告 格式
  A   5   5-位全DL SNR报告  12  8
  B   3   3-位增量DL SNR报告  12  8
  C   2   指示正在字段D中发送的  报告：  00：4-位UL请求  01：4-位自噪声SNR报告  10：4-位扇区信息  11：4-位延迟信息  4  8
[0078] 
  D   4  字段C中所表示的可变报 告类型   4   8
  E   4  4-位UL请求   8to12   8to16
  F   3  3-位UL请求   12   8
  G   1  1-位UL请求   16   16
  H   5  5-位DCCH补偿报告   2   4
  I   4  4-位信标比报告   1   2
  J   4  4-位自噪声SNR报告   1至5   2至10
  K   4  4-位延迟信息   0至4   0至10
  L   4  4-位扇区信息   0至4   0至10
  M   1或2  保留   10   12
图7显示也可由终端针对所述DCCH进行全音调指派所使用的报告格式700的一个实施例。报告格式700覆盖具有40个DCCH段的DCCH帧，且在每一DCCH段中具有六个信息位。图7显示在报告格式700的每一DCCH段中所发送的报告。报告格式700可用于更缓慢变化的信道。因此，与报告格式600中相比在报告格式700中更不频繁地发送完全及增量DL SNR报告，正如表2的最后两行所示。通过发送更少DLSNR报告节省的位可用于更多的可配置字段D。 
图8显示可由终端针对所述DCCH进行3路分割音调指派所使用的报告格式800的实施例。报告格式800覆盖具有40个DCCH段的DCCH帧，且在每一DCCH段中具有八个信息位。然而，仅将13个DCCH段指派给所述终端，将26个其它DCCH段指派给其它终端，且保留最后一个DCCH段(Rsvd)。图8显示在报告格式800的每一所指派DCCH段中所发送的报告。一般来说以较低频率的速率发送报告，这是因为在报告格式800中可用的DCCH段较少。 
在一个实施例中，当接收到所述DCCH的指派时终端根据报告格式在每一报告间隔中发送报告。在另一个实施例中，在接收所述DCCH指派之后所述终端在第一超时隙中发生一特殊组的报告且在其后使用所述报告格式发送报告。所述特殊组的报告可包括(例如)4位UL请求、5位DL SNR报告、自噪声SNR报告、信标比报告、DCCH补偿报告等。因此，所述终端可在所述特殊组的报告中将所有相关信息快速提供给所述基站。 
在图6及7所示的实施例中，可在每一DCCH段中发送六个信息位。在图8所示的实施例中，可在每一DCCH段中发送八个信息位。每一DCCH段可包含固定数量的音调符号，例如21个音调符号。音调符号是在一个符号周期中的一个音调，且可用于发送一个调制符号。对于既定数量的音调符号，可使用冗余较少且(因此)可靠性较小的编码及调制方案发送更多信息位。 
图6到8显示三种报告格式的特定实施例，每一格式具有按特定顺序布置的特定 报告序列。也可定义各种其它报告格式。 
在一个实施例中，对于既定的DCCH指派(例如，全音调指派或3路分割音调指派)来说，针对不同的操作条件定义不同的报告格式。终端的操作条件可由例如所述终端的环境、所述终端的能力、将要由所述终端发送的业务的QoS、所述系统的操作方式等各种因素表征。这些因素可影响将要发送的报告的类型、每一类型的报告的发送频率以及每一报告中将要包括什么信息。 
所述终端的环境的特征可以是例如所述终端的移动性(例如低或高移动性)、信道条件(例如低或高SNR)等各种因素。用于低移动性(例如固定或低速度)的报告格式可以以比频率可能比用于高移动性(例如高速度)的报告格式低的频率发送SNR报告。用于低移动性信道条件的SNR报告可具有比用于高移动性信道条件的SNR报告更多的位。原因是高移动性信道条件中的SNR往往会变化。在既定与SNR测量及报告相关的回路延迟的条件下，可能无需很精确地报告所述SNR。可针对良好的信道条件使用具有更多报告及/或针对特定报告具有更多位的报告格式，这是因为所述基站能以较少的编码冗余来可靠地接收所述报告。 
所述终端的能力可指示所述终端是否支持一个或多个频率信道(或音调区块)。所述能力还可指示所述终端是否支持单输入单输出(SISO)、单输入多输出(SIMO)、多输入单输出(MISO)及/或多输入多输出(MIMO)操作，所述操作可具有不同的报告要求。通过SISO、SIMO及MISO，可在单个空间信道上发送单个数据流。通过MIMO，可在多个空间信道上同时发送多个数据流。用于SISO、SIMO及MISO的报告格式可在一SNR报告中针对一个空间信道发送单个SNR值。用于MIMO的报告格式可在一个SNR报告中发送多个空间信道的多个SNR值或多个各自具有一个空间信道的单个SNR值的SNR报告。 
业务QoS可影响报告。不同类型的业务(例如语音、视频、包数据等)可具有不同的QoS。可通过延迟容限、峰值数据速率、平均数据速率、递送选项及/或其它标准来量化QoS。例如，语音可与较短延迟要求、固定数据速率及尽力递送相关联，这是因为语音具有时间敏感性质。包数据可与较长延迟要求、高峰值数据速率及保证递送相关联。在存在不同QoS业务时，报告格式可包括较多UL请求及/或具有较多细节的UL请求。 
所述系统的操作方式也可影响报告。例如，所述系统可使用时分多路复用(TDD)或频分多路复用(FDD)。在TDD系统中，所述下行链路与上行链路共享相同频带，且可将所述下行链路信道假定为与所述上行链路信道互补。在这种情况下，基站可基于来自终端的上行链路传输(例如，导频)来估计下行链路信道条件(例如，DL信道增益及/或SNR)。在FDD系统中，下行链路与上行链路使用不同频带，且下行链路信道可不与所述上行链路信道良好地相关。在这种情况下，终端可估计下行链路信道条件并将报告发送到所述基站。可将不同的报告格式用于TDD及FDD系统。 
一般来说，报告格式可包含报告类型的任何组合、任何数量的每一类型报告及所 述报告的任何布置。可基于用于发送所述报告的控制信道指派的能力、所述报告类型相对于其它报告类型的重要性或关键性、所述报告类型的信息的改变速度(这可取决于环境)及/或其它因素来选择每一类型报告的数量。每一报告可具有任何大小且可以具有任何格式/结构。所述报告可经布置以便在一次传输中(例如，如图6到8中所示在一个DCCH段中)完整地发送每一报告，这可改良所述报告的使用。还可在多个传输中(例如，在多个DCCH段中)发送一报告。报告格式可包括固定及可配置字段的组合，例如，如图6至8所示。报告格式还可包括仅固定字段或仅可配置字段。 
一般来说，可针对既定的控制信道指派而定义任何数量的报告格式。可针对特定操作条件设计每一报告格式。在一个实施例中，不同的报告格式可包括不同的报告，所述报告更适用于所述报告格式所覆盖的不同操作条件。在另一个实施例中，不同的报告格式可具有相同组的报告，所述报告可以是以不同顺序布置及/或具有不同格式/结构。对于不同报告格式，不同报告之间的位分割可能不同。例如，如果DCCH段具有固定数量的信息位，则UL请求可从4位下降到3位以使另一报告可获得一额外位。无论可如何定义所述报告格式，均可基于所述终端的当前操作条件来选择合适的报告格式以供使用。 
图9显示用于控制信道(例如DCCH)的报告传输方案900的一个实施例。在这一实施例中，在每一报告间隔(其可具有任何持续时间)中在所述控制信道上发送一组报告。使用报告格式910在一个控制信道帧中发送每一组报告。在这一实施例中，报告格式910包括在M个时间周期中发送的L个报告，其中一般来说L≥1且M≥1。时间周期可以是任何持续时间且可以跨一个或一个以上的符号周期。一时间周期可对应于三个半时隙(如图3所示)或某些其它持续时间。所述M个时间周期可具有相等或不同的持续时间。可在每一时间周期中发送任何数量的信息位。报告格式910可包括任何类型的报告与任何数量的每一类型报告。每一报告可具有任何大小而且可以是在一个或一个以上的时间周期中发送。如图9所示，在每一报告间隔中重复地使用报告格式910。因此，在每一报告间隔中在所述控制信道的相同位置发送报告x(其中x＝1、...、L)。 
图10显示具有可选报告格式的用于控制信道的报告传输方案1000的一个实施例。首先，在时间T1，确定所述终端的操作条件。选择适用于所述当前操作条件的报告格式A以供使用。在每一报告间隔中使用报告格式A发送一组报告。在时间T2，检测到所述操作条件的改变。选择更适用于新操作条件的报告格式B以供使用。然后，在每一报告间隔中使用报告格式B发送一组报告。在时间T3，再次检测到所述操作条件的改变。选择更适用于新操作条件的报告格式C以供使用。然后，在每一报告间隔中使用报告格式C发送一组报告。 
可以以各种方式来实现报告格式的切换。在图10所示的实施例中，报告格式包括识别所述报告格式的报告格式类型字段。可支持一组报告格式。所述组中的每一报告格式的定义可以为所述终端及所述基站预先所知、在呼叫设置期间或在切换时间经 由信令传送、经由广播消息发送等。可在每一报告间隔中动态选择适当的报告格式并通过所述报告格式类型字段来识别所述报告格式。在另一个实施例中，报告格式包括指示将要在后续报告间隔使用的报告格式的字段。在再一个实施例中，通过使用控制消息在终端与基站之间交换信令(例如，通过业务信道，其不同于所述DCCH)，来实现报告格式的改变。 
在一个实施例中，终端可自动选择报告格式。所述终端可确定其操作条件(例如，环境、能力等)并可基于其操作条件来选择适当的报告格式。在另一个实施例中，终端与基站可共同选择报告格式。例如，所述终端可确定其的操作条件并建议报告格式，而所述基站可接受或拒绝所建议的报告格式。在再一个实施例中，基站可基于由终端提供的信息来针对所述终端选择报告格式。 
终端可使用一个报告格式直至选择新报告格式(例如，由于检测到的操作条件的改变)。所述终端还可以以预定方式使用多个报告格式。例如，所述终端可在两个报告格式A与B之间交替，在奇数报告间隔中使用报告格式A，且在偶数报告间隔中使用报告格式B。可将图6中的报告格式600视为是由四个较小的报告格式组成：第一报告格式，其用于超时隙0、2、4及6；第二报告格式，其用于超时隙1及5；第三时隙格式，其用于超时隙3；及第四时隙格式，其用于超时隙7。 
终端可具有与多个基站的多个连接。所述终端可针对所有基站使用相同的报告格式，或可针对不同的基站使用不同的报告格式。 
每一报告可具有适用于所述报告的任何格式/结构。报告可传送单个值或多个值。在一个实施例中，可针对每一报告类型定义一个或一个以上的查找表。每一查找表可将所计算的值映射到具有特定数量位的报告值。作为实例，对于DL SNR来说，一个查找表可将基站的所计算的DL SNR值映射到用于非DL宏分集的完全DL SNR报告的5位值，另一查找表可将所计算的DL SNR值以及所述基站是否是优选映射到用于DL宏分集的完全DL SNR报告的5位值，再一个查找表可将增量DL SNR值映射到增量DL SNR报告的3位值，等等。每一查找表可经定义以实现对应报告的良好性能。表3显示将在-13dB到+29dB范围内的DL SNR值映射到完全DL SNR报告的5位值的实例性查找表。表3还显示将在-5dB至+5dB范围内的增量SNR值映射到增量DLSNR报告的3位值的实例性查找表。也可针对其它类型的报告定义其它查找表。 
表3 
Figure S200680048038XD00121
在一个实施例中，针对每一报告类型使用单个字典。报告类型的字典定义每一所述类型报告的特定格式/结构。所述字典定义如何解释每一报告。例如，DL SNR的字典可具有用于非DL宏分集的5位DL SNR报告的一个格式，用于DL宏分集的5位DL SNR报告的另一个格式，及用于3位DL SNR报告的再一个格式。可将相同的字典及(因此)相同的三个SNR报告格式用于所有具有DL SNR报告的报告格式。 
在另一个实施例中，将多个字典用于一既定报告类型。每一字典传送每一所述类型报告的特定格式/结构。可将多个SNR字典用于SNR报告。例如，用于低移动性的SNR报告可使用与用于高移动性的SNR报告不同的格式。针对用于低与高移动性的SNR报告，可使用不同的查找表。作为另一个实例，用于良好信道条件的SNR报告可使用与用于低劣信道条件的SNR报告不同的格式。对于不同的SNR报告格式，SNR值及/或SNR步幅大小的范围可能不同。还可将多个请求字典用于UL请求，例如用于不同的QoS。每一请求字典可提供所述终端处的某些待办事项信息(例如，MAC帧的数量及/或延迟信息)及/或针对UL请求使用不同格式。例如，4位UL请求在不同的请求字典中可具有不同的意义。还可将多个字典用于其它类型的报告。 
再次参照图9，报告可载送在所述报告的值范围内的值。所述报告值在不同字典中可具有不同意义。因此，在所述报告中传送的信息(也就是，所述报告值的实际意义)是由所述报告值及用于所述报告的字典两者来确定。 
可以明确或隐含的方式传送用于每一报告的特定字典。在实施例中，每一报告格式针对每一报告使用特定字典。在这一实施例中，用于每一报告类型的字典是通过所述报告格式来隐含地传送。对于所选择以供使用的每一报告格式，终端及基站预先知道将用于DL SNR报告的特定字典、将用于UL请求的特定字典等。终端及基站均可正确地解释使用所选择的报告格式发送的每一报告。 
在另一个实施例中，可针对每一报告类型独立于所述报告格式来选择字典。例如，多个请求字典可用于既定报告格式。可选择不同的字典以用于不同的操作情况(例如，不同的移动性)。每当检测到操作条件改变时，即可选择适当的字典，例如与报告格式的选择相结合或者与其无关。可经由信令或以某些其它方式来传送所述选定字典。 
可采取各种方式来对用于报告的信息位进行编码、调制及处理。在一个实施例中，对将要在DCCH段中发送的信息位进行编码(例如，用区块码)以产生代码位。然后基于调制方案将所述代码位映射到调制符号。在用于所述DCCH段的音调符号中发送所述调制符号。在一个实施例中，使用置乱位序列来置乱所述DCCH段的某些或全部段中的信息位或代码位。例如，可将所述置乱序列应用于某些报告而不应用于某些其它 报告。在一个实施例中，所述置乱序列依据所述报告格式而变。在这一实施例中，当所述报告格式改变时，所述置乱序列也改变。可使用所述置乱序列来检测断开状态，在此状态中终端认为其正在使用一个报告格式而基站认为所述终端正在使用一个不同的报告格式。 
图11显示用于重复地发送报告的过程1100的一个实施例。终端接收用于发送报告的控制信道(例如，一DCCH)的指派(方块1112)。所述终端基于所述控制信道的指派确定将要使用的报告格式(方块1114)。例如，可将第一报告格式用于所述控制信道的完全(例如，全音调)指派，且可将第二报告格式用于所述控制信道的部分(例如，分割音调)指派。所述第一及第二报告格式可在一个报告间隔中包括不同数量的控制信道段以/或在每一控制信道段中包括不同数量的信息位。所述终端针对多个报告间隔中的每一者产生一组报告(方块1116)。所述终端根据所述报告格式针对每一报告间隔布置所述组报告(方块1118)。所述终端在所述多个报告间隔中重复地发送多组报告(方块1120)。 
所述报告格式指示在控制信道帧的特定位置中所发送的特定报告序列。控制信道帧是用于根据所述报告格式发送一组报告的控制信道的一个单元。所述控制信道帧可包含多个控制信道段，例如40个DCCH段。所述报告格式可在每一控制信道段中包括一个或一个以上的报告。 
所述报告格式可包括多个类型的报告，例如用于SNR、上行链路请求、可用传输功率、干扰、延迟信息等，或者其组合。所述报告格式可包括任何数量的每一类型报告，这可以是基于所述类型报告的重要性来确定。例如，可比其它类型的报告更频繁地发送用于SNR及上行链路请求的报告。所述报告格式可在所述控制信道帧的不同位置中包括特定类型的多个报告、既定类型的不同大小的报告等等。 
所述终端可从可用于所述报告类型的至少一个字典中确定将用于每一报告类型的字典。用于每一报告类型的字典定义用于每一所述类型报告的格式/结构。所述终端可根据可用于每一报告类型的字典而产生每一类型的报告。可将多个字典用于SNR报告，例如一个字典用于低移动性而另一字典用于高移动性。还可将多个字典用于不同QoS业务的上行链路请求。还可针对其它报告类型而定义多个字典。 
图12显示用于重复地发送报告的设备1200的一个实施例。装置1200包括：用于接收用以发送报告的控制信道的指派(方块1212)的装置；用于基于所述控制信道的指派来确定将要使用的报告格式(方块1214)的装置；用于针对多个报告间隔中的每一者产生一组报告(方块1216)的装置；用于根据所述报告格式针对每一报告间隔布置所述组的报告(方块1218)的装置；及用于在所述多个报告间隔中发送多组报告(方块1220)的装置。 
图13显示用于基于操作条件来自适应地发送报告的过程1300的一个实施例。终端根据第一报告格式将报告发送到基站(方块1312)。所述第一报告格式可以是缺省报告格式，或可以是基于当前操作条件来选择。获得将使用第二报告格式的指示(方块 1314)。所述基站可选择所述第二报告格式并将信令与所述指示一起发送到所述终端。或者，所述终端可选择所述第二报告格式并产生所述指示。然后，所述终端根据所述第二报告格式发送报告(方块1316)。 
对于方块1314，可由所述终端及/或基站检测所述操作条件的改变，例如基于所述终端的环境、所述终端的能力、用于所述终端的业务的QoS等等的改变。可基于检测到的所述操作条件的改变来选择所述第二报告格式。例如，可检测所述终端的移动性的改变。然后，可基于检测到的移动性改变来选择所述第二报告格式。所述第一报告格式可适用于第一移动性条件(例如固定或低速度)，且所述第二报告格式可适用于第二移动性条件(例如高速度)。还可检测用于所述终端的业务的QoS的改变。然后，可基于检测到的QoS改变来选择所述第二报告格式。所述第一与第二报告格式可以是针对不同的QoS业务来设计。 
每一报告格式可与特定的字典相关联。或者，可独立于所述报告格式选择所述字典。在任何情况下，所述终端确定将用于当前报告格式中的每一报告的正确字典。所述终端根据用于每一报告类型的字典产生所述类型的报告。 
可通过指示所述报告格式类型的字段来指示从所述第一报告格式到所述第二报告格式的改变，例如，如图10所示。也可通过与所述基站交换信令来实现报告格式的改变。 
图14显示用于自适应地发送报告的设备1400的一个实施例。装置1400包括：用于根据第一报告格式向基站发送报告(方块1412)的装置；用于获得将使用第二报告格式的指示(方块1414)的装置；及用于根据所述第二报告格式发送报告(方块1416)的装置。 
如上文所述，所述报告技术可用于在上行链路上从终端向基站发送报告。所述报告技术还可用于在下行链路上从基站向终端发送报告。 
图15显示图1中的基站110及终端120的一个实施例的方块图。在基站110，传输(TX)数据及信令处理器1510接收用于接受正服务并正在信令的终端的业务数据。处理器1510处理(例如，格式化、编码、交错及符号映射)所述业务数据、信令及导频并提供输出符号。一OFDM调制器1512于所述输出符号上执行OFDM调制并产生OFDM符号。传输器(TMTR)151对调节(例如，转换为模拟、滤波、放大及向上转换)所述OFDM符号以产生下行链路信号，所述信号系经由一天线1516来传输。 
在终端120处，天线1552接收来自基站110及其它基站的下行链路信号，并将所接收信号提供给接收器(RCVR)1554。接收器1554调节并数字化所接收信号，并提供样本。OFDM解调器(Demod)1556对所述样本实施OFDM解调并提供频域符号。接收(RX)数据及信令处理器1558处理(例如，符号解映射、解交错及解码)所述频域符号并提供用于终端120的已解码数据及信令。 
在上行链路上，控制器/处理器1570根据经选择以供使用的报告格式及字典来产生报告。TX数据及信令处理器1560产生针对将要发送到基站110的业务数据、信令(例 如，报告)及导频的输出符号。OFDM调制器1562对所述输出符号实施OFDM调制并产生OFDM符号。传输器1564调节所述OFDM符号并产生上行链路信号，经由天线1552来传输所述信号。 
在基站110，来自终端120及其它终端的上行链路信号由天线1516接收，由接收器1520来调节并数字化，由OFDM解调器1522来解调，且由RX数据及信令处理器1524来处理，以恢复由终端120及其它终端所发送的业务数据及信令。 
控制器/处理器1530及1570分别指导基站110及终端120处的各个处理单元的操作。控制器/处理器1570可实施图11中的过程1100、图13中的过程1300及/或其它过程，以在所述上行链路上发送报告。控制器/处理器1530可从终端120及其它终端接收报告，且可基于从所述终端接收的报告来调度所述下行链路及/或上行链路上的传输。存储器1532及1572分别存储用于基站110及终端120的程序代码及数据。 
本文所述报告技术可通过各种装置实施。例如，可由硬件、固件、软件或其组合来实施所述技术。对于硬件实施方案，支持报告的终端或基站处的处理单元可实施于一个或一个以上的专用集成电路(ASIC)、数字信号处理器(DSP)、数字信号处理装置(DSPD)、可编程逻辑装置(PLD)、现场可编程门阵列(FPGA)、处理器、控制器、微控制器、微处理器、电子装置、经设计以实施本文所述功能的其它电子装置单元、或其组合中。 
对于固件及/或软件实施方案，可通过实施本文所述功能的模块(例如，程序、功能等)来实施所述报告技术。所述固件及/或软件代码可存储在存储器(如图15中的存储器1532或1572)中并由处理器(如处理器1530或1570)执行。所述存储器可实施于所述处理器内或所述处理器外部。 
提供所揭示实施例的前述说明以使得任何所属技术领域的技术人员可制造或使用本发明。所属技术领域的技术人员将容易明白对所述些实施例的各种修改，而且本文所定义的通用原理可适用于其它实施例而不背离本发明的精神或范围。因此，并不希望将本发明限定于本文中所显示的实施例，而是希望其与本文所揭示的原理及新颖特征相符的最广范围一致。 

Claims (21)

1.一种用于在无线通信系统中报告信息的设备，其包含：
用于针对多个报告间隔中的每一者产生一组报告的装置；
用于根据报告格式针对每一报告间隔来布置所产生的一组报告的装置；及
用于在所述多个报告间隔中重复地发送多个组的报告的装置。
2.如权利要求1所述的设备，其中所述报告格式指示在控制信道帧的特定位置中发送的特定报告序列。
3.如权利要求2所述的设备，其中所述控制信道帧包含多个控制信道段，且其中所述报告格式在所述多个控制信道段的每一者中包括至少一个报告。
4.如权利要求1所述的设备，其中所述报告格式包括多个类型的报告。
5.如权利要求4所述的设备，其中所述多个类型的报告是用于信噪比(SNR)、上行链路请求、可用传输功率、干扰、延迟信息或其组合的。
6.如权利要求4所述的设备，其中所述报告格式针对所述多个类型中的每一者包括至少一个报告，每一类型的报告的数量是基于所述类型的所述报告的重要性确定的。
7.如权利要求5所述的设备，其中比其它类型的报告更频繁地发送用于SNR及上行链路请求的报告。
8.如权利要求1所述的设备，其中所述报告格式在控制信道帧的不同位置中包括特定报告类型的多个报告。
9.如权利要求1所述的设备，其中所述报告格式针对至少一个报告类型包括不同大小的报告。
10.如权利要求1所述的设备，还包括：
用于从可用于特定类型的多个字典中确定用于所述特定类型的报告的字典的装置；及
用于根据所述字典产生所述特定类型的报告的装置。
11.如权利要求10所述的设备，其中所述字典针对所述特定类型的每一报告定义一格式。
12.如权利要求10所述的设备，其中所述特定类型的报告是用于信噪比(SNR)，且其中所述多个字典包含用于低移动性的第一字典及用于高移动性的第二字典。
13.如权利要求10所述的设备，其中所述特定类型的报告是用于上行链路请求，且其中所述多个字典是用于不同服务质量(QoS)业务。
14.如权利要求1所述的设备，还包括：
用于接收用于发送报告的控制信道的指派的装置；及
用于基于所述控制信道的所述指派而确定所述报告格式的装置。
15.如权利要求14所述的设备，还包括：
用于在接收到所述控制信道的完全指派的情况下使用第一报告格式作为所述报告格式的装置；及
用于在接收到所述控制信道的部分指派的情况下使用第二报告格式作为所述报告格式的装置。
16.如权利要求15所述的设备，其中所述第一报告格式在一个报告间隔中包括第一数量的控制信道段，且其中所述第二报告格式在一个报告间隔中包括第二数量的控制信道段。
17.如权利要求15所述的设备，其中所述第一报告格式在每一控制信道段中包括第一数量的信息位，且其中所述第二报告格式在每一控制信道段中包括第二数量的信息位。
18.如权利要求1所述的设备，还包括：
用于使用与所述报告格式相关联的置乱序列来针对每一报告间隔置乱所述组的报告的装置。
19.一种用于在无线通信系统中报告信息的方法，其包含：
针对多个报告间隔中的每一者产生一组报告；
根据报告格式针对每一报告间隔布置所产生的一组报告；及在所述多个报告间隔中重复地发送多个组的报告。
20.如权利要求19所述的方法，其进一步包含：
接收用于发送报告的控制信道的指派；及
基于所述控制信道的所述指派而确定所述报告格式。
21.如权利要求19所述的方法，其进一步包含：
从可用于特定类型的多个字典中确定用于所述特定类型的报告的字典；及
根据所述字典来产生所述特定类型的报告。
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US20070249287A1 (en) 2007-10-25
US20070253357A1 (en) 2007-11-01
CN101390428B (zh) 2013-03-27
ES2359337T3 (es) 2011-05-20
CN101390428A (zh) 2009-03-18
CN101341783B (zh) 2012-05-30
US9578654B2 (en) 2017-02-21
CN101341773B (zh) 2013-09-25
CN101341780B (zh) 2013-05-22
ES2353550T3 (es) 2011-03-03
CN101341778A (zh) 2009-01-07
CN101341775A (zh) 2009-01-07
CN101341781A (zh) 2009-01-07
US20070249360A1 (en) 2007-10-25
US20070253449A1 (en) 2007-11-01
US9462604B2 (en) 2016-10-04
ES2368947T3 (es) 2011-11-23
US20070253358A1 (en) 2007-11-01
CN101341775B (zh) 2013-05-29
CN101341782A (zh) 2009-01-07
ES2364499T3 (es) 2011-09-05
CN101341783A (zh) 2009-01-07
CN101356840A (zh) 2009-01-28
CN101341774B (zh) 2012-06-20
CN101341785B (zh) 2012-08-22
CN101347014A (zh) 2009-01-14
CN101347016A (zh) 2009-01-14
ES2348616T3 (es) 2010-12-09
ES2360248T3 (es) 2011-06-02

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